7. Sūrat al-Aʾrāf

٧۔ سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

7.36 Example of those who deny God's revelations.

٧۔٣٦ مقطع في سُورَةُ الأعرَاف

quran:7:175

And recite to them, ˹O Muhammad˺, the news of him to whom we gave ˹knowledge of˺ Our signs, but he detached himself from them; so Satan pursued him, and he became of the deviators.  

And recite, O Muhammad (s), to them, that is, the Jews, the tidings, the tale, of him to whom We gave Our signs, but he cast them off, emerging in his disbelief in the same way that a snake emerges from its ˹shed˺ skin, he rebelled in disbelief, this was Bal‘am b. Bā‘ūrā’, a scholar from among the Children of Israel, who had been given some knowledge ˹of the Scriptures˺, and who was asked ˹by them˺ to invoke God against Moses. And when he did, the invocation turned against him and his tongue fell out onto his chest, and Satan pursued him, catching up with him and so he became his comrade, and he became of the perverse.
القرآن:٧:١٧٥

وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ الَّذِي آتَيْنَاهُ آيَاتِنَا فَانْسَلَخَ مِنْهَا فَأَتْبَعَهُ الشَّيْطَانُ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْغَاوِينَ  

{واتل} يا محمد {عليهم} أي اليهود {نبأ} خبر {الذي آتيناه آياتنا فانسلخ منها} خرج بكفره كما تخرج الحية من جلدها، وهو بلعم بن باعوراء من علماء بني إسرائيل، سُئل أن يدعو على موسى وأُهدي إليه شيء، فدعا فانقلب عليه اندلع لسانه على صدره {فأتبعه الشيطان} فأدركه فصار قرينه {فكان من الغاوين}.
quran:7:176

And if We had willed, we could have elevated him thereby, but he adhered ˹instead˺ to the earth and followed his own desire. So his example is like that of the dog: if you chase him, he pants, or if you leave him, he ˹still˺ pants. That is the example of the people who denied Our signs. So relate the stories that perhaps they will give thought.  

And had We willed, We would have raised him up, to the ranks of the scholars, thereby, by facilitating his way to ˹good˺ deeds; but he was disposed to, at peace ˹in˺, the earth — that is, this world — and inclined to it, and followed his whims, by calling ˹others˺ to them, and so We abased him. Therefore his likeness, his description, is as the likeness of a dog: if you attack it, by driving it away or curbing it, it lolls its tongue out, and if you leave it, it lolls its tongue out, and no other animal is like it in this way (both conditional sentences constitute a circumstantial qualifier, that is to say, it has its tongue lolling out despicably in all circumstances. The purpose here is to point out the similarity ˹between the one who follows his whims and a dog˺ in terms of condition and vileness, judging by the ˹contextualising˺ fā’ ˹of fa-mathaluhu, ‘therefore his likeness’˺, which relates what comes after it to what came before it in the way of ‘inclining towards this world and following whims’, and judging by God’s saying: That, likeness, is the likeness of those people who deny Our signs. So recount the tale, to the Jews, that they might reflect, upon it and so believe.
القرآن:٧:١٧٦

وَلَوْ شِئْنَا لَرَفَعْنَاهُ بِهَا وَلَٰكِنَّهُ أَخْلَدَ إِلَى الْأَرْضِ وَاتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ ۚ فَمَثَلُهُ كَمَثَلِ الْكَلْبِ إِنْ تَحْمِلْ عَلَيْهِ يَلْهَثْ أَوْ تَتْرُكْهُ يَلْهَثْ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ مَثَلُ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا ۚ فَاقْصُصِ الْقَصَصَ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَتَفَكَّرُونَ  

{ولو شئنا لرفعناه} إلى منازل العلماء {بها} بأن نوقفه للعمل {ولكنه أخلد} سكن {إلى الأرض} أي الدنيا ومال إليها {واتَّبع هواه} في دعائه إليها فوضعناه {فمثله} صفته {كمثل الكلب إن تحمل عليه} بالطرد والزجر {يلهث} يدلع لسانه {أو} إن {تتركه يلهث} وليس غيره من الحيوان كذلك، وجملتا الشرط حال، أي لاهثا ذليلا بكل حال، والقصد التشبيه في الوضع والخسة بقرينة الفاء المشعرة بترتيب ما بعدها على ما قبلها من الميل إلى الدنيا واتباع الهوى وبقرينة، قوله {ذلك} المثل {مَثَلُ القوم الذين كذَّبوا بآياتنا فاقصص القَصَصَ} على اليهود {لعلهم يتفكرون} يتدبرون فيها فيؤمنون.
quran:7:177

How evil an example ˹is that of˺ the people who denied Our signs and used to wrong themselves.  

Evil as an example are the people, evil is the example of the people, who denied Our signs, and were wont to wrong themselves, through denial.
القرآن:٧:١٧٧

سَاءَ مَثَلًا الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَأَنْفُسَهُمْ كَانُوا يَظْلِمُونَ  

{ساء} بئس {مثلا القوم} أي مثل القوم {الذين كذَّبوا بآياتنا وأنفسهم كانوا يظلمون} بالتكذيب.
quran:7:178

Whoever Allah guides - he is the ˹rightly˺ guided; and whoever He sends astray - it is those who are the losers.  

He whom God guides, he is guided, and he whom He sends astray — truly they are the losers.
القرآن:٧:١٧٨

مَنْ يَهْدِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْمُهْتَدِي ۖ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلْ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْخَاسِرُونَ  

{من يهَدِ الله فهو المهتدي ومن يُضْللْ فأولئك هم الخاسرون}.