40. Sūrat Ghāfir (1/2)

٤٠۔ سُورَةُ غَافِر ص ١

The Forgiver (Meccan)

quran:40:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ha, Meem.  

Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these ˹letters˺.
القرآن:٤٠:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

حم  

{حَم} الله أعلم بمراده به.
quran:40:2

The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.  

The revelation of the Book, the Qur’ān (tanzīlu’l-kitābi is the subject), is from God (mina’Llāhi is its predicate), the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Knower, of His creatures.
القرآن:٤٠:٢

تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ  

{تنزيل الكتاب} القرآن مبتدأ {من الله} خبره {العزيز} في ملكه {العليم} بخلقه.
quran:40:3

The forgiver of sin, acceptor of repentance, severe in punishment, owner of abundance. There is no deity except Him; to Him is the destination.  

Forgiver of sins, for believers, and Accepter of repentance, from them (al-tawb is the verbal noun), Severe in punishment, of disbelievers — in other words, One Who makes it severe for them — One of ˹abundant˺ bounty, bestower of abundant grace — God is eternally possessed of all of these attributes, and so the annexation construction using the derivatives ˹of these attributes˺ is for the purposes of characterisation, as in the case of the last. There is no god except Him; to Him is the journeying, the ˹ultimate˺ return.
القرآن:٤٠:٣

غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ ذِي الطَّوْلِ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ إِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ  

{غافر الذنب} للمؤمنين {وقابل التوب} لهم مصدر {شديد العقاب} للكافرين أي مشدده {ذي الطول} الإنعام الواسع، وهو موصوف على الدوام بكل هذه الصفات، فإضافة المشتق منها للتعريف كالأخيرة {لا إله إلا هو إليه المصير} المرجع.
quran:40:4

No one disputes concerning the signs of Allah except those who disbelieve, so be not deceived by their ˹uninhibited˺ movement throughout the land.  

None dispute the signs of God — the Qur’ān — except those who disbelieve, from among the people of Mecca, so do not be deceived by their bustle in the towns, ˹going about˺ seeking their livelihood in security, for the sequel for them will be the Fire.
القرآن:٤٠:٤

مَا يُجَادِلُ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَلَا يَغْرُرْكَ تَقَلُّبُهُمْ فِي الْبِلَادِ  

{ما يجادل في آيات الله} القرآن {إلا الذين كفروا} من أهل مكة {فلا يغررك تقلبهم في البلاد} للمعاش سالمين فإن عاقبتهم النار.
quran:40:5

The people of Noah denied before them and the ˹disbelieving˺ factions after them, and every nation intended ˹a plot˺ for their messenger to seize him, and they disputed by ˹using˺ falsehood to ˹attempt to˺ invalidate thereby the truth. So I seized them, and how ˹terrible˺ was My penalty.  

The people of Noah denied before them and ˹also˺ the factions, such as ‘Ād, Thamūd and others, ˹who came˺ after them. And every community sought to seize their messenger, to slay him, and they argued falsely ˹thinking˺ to rebut, to eliminate, thereby the truth. Then I seized them, with punishment; so how ˹fitting˺ was My punishment!, of them — in other words, it was appropriate.
القرآن:٤٠:٥

كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَالْأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ ۖ وَهَمَّتْ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ ۖ وَجَادَلُوا بِالْبَاطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ فَأَخَذْتُهُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ  

{كذبت قبلهم قوم نوح والأحزاب} كعاد وثمود وغيرهما {من بعدهم وهمّت كل أمة برسولهم ليأخذوه} يقتلوه {وجادلوا بالباطل ليدحضوا} يزيلوا {به الحق فأخذتهم} بالعقاب {فكيف كان عقاب} لهم، أي هو واقع موقعه.
quran:40:6

And thus has the word of your Lord come into effect upon those who disbelieved that they are companions of the Fire.  

And thus was the word of your Lord — namely, the verse: Assuredly I will fill Hell … ˹Q. 11:119˺ — fulfilled against those who disbelieve: that they shall be the inhabitants of the Fire (annahum ashābu’l-nāri substitutes for kalimatu, ‘the word’).
القرآن:٤٠:٦

وَكَذَٰلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ  

(وكذلك حقت كلمة ربك) أي "" لأملأن جهنم "" الآية (على الذين كفروا أنهم أصحاب النار) بدل من كلمة.
quran:40:7

Those ˹angels˺ who carry the Throne and those around it exalt ˹Allah˺ with praise of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who have believed, ˹saying˺, "Our Lord, You have encompassed all things in mercy and knowledge, so forgive those who have repented and followed Your way and protect them from the punishment of Hellfire.  

Those who bear the Throne (alladhīna yahmilūna’l-‘arsha is the subject) and those around it (wa-man hawlahu is a supplement to that ˹subject˺) glorify (yusabbihūna, is the predicate thereof) with praise of their Lord, continuously proclaiming praise, in other words, ˹continuously˺ saying: subhāna’Llāhi wa-bi-hamdihi, ‘Glory, and praise, be to God’; and they believe in Him, exalted be He, through their power of discernment, in other words, they affirm the truth of His Oneness, and they ask forgiveness for those who believe, saying: ‘Our Lord, You embrace all things in ˹Your˺ mercy and knowledge, that is to say, Your mercy embraces all things and Your knowledge ˹also embraces˺ all things. So forgive those who repent, of idolatry, and follow Your way — the religion of Islam — and shield them from the chastisement of Hell-fire, that is, the Fire.
القرآن:٤٠:٧

الَّذِينَ يَحْمِلُونَ الْعَرْشَ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَحْمَةً وَعِلْمًا فَاغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ  

{الذين يحملون العرش} مبتدأ {ومن حوله} عطف عليه {يسبحون} خبره {بحمد ربهم} ملابسين للحمد، أي يقولون: سبحان الله وبحمده {ويؤمنون به} تعالى ببصائرهم أي يصدقون بوحدانيته {ويستغفرون للذين آمنوا} يقولون {ربنا وسعت كل شيءٍ رحمة وعلما} أي وسعت رحمتك كلَّ شيء وعلمك كل شيء {فاغفر للذين تابوا} من الشرك {واتبعوا سبيلك} دين الإسلام {وقهم عذاب الجحيم} النار.
quran:40:8

Our Lord, and admit them to gardens of perpetual residence which You have promised them and whoever was righteous among their fathers, their spouses and their offspring. Indeed, it is You who is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

Our Lord, and admit them into the Gardens of Eden, as ˹a place of˺ residence ˹for them˺, that which You have promised them, along with whoever were righteous (wa-man salaha is a supplement ˹either˺ to ˹the pronominal third person plural suffix˺ hum, ‘them’ in wa-adkhilhum, ‘and admit them’, or in wa‘adttahum, ‘You have promised them’) among their fathers and their wives and their descendants. Surely You are the One Who is the Mighty, the Wise, in what He does.
القرآن:٤٠:٨

رَبَّنَا وَأَدْخِلْهُمْ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدْتَهُمْ وَمَنْ صَلَحَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَأَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{ربنا وأدخلهم جنات عدن} إقامة {التي وعدتهم ومن صلح} عطف على هم في وأدخلهم أو في وعدتهم {من آبائهم وأزواجهم وذرياتهم إنك أنت العزيز الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:40:9

And protect them from the evil consequences ˹of their deeds˺. And he whom You protect from evil consequences that Day - You will have given him mercy. And that is the great attainment."  

And shield them from evil deeds, that is, ˹from˺ the chastisement thereof; for whomever You shield from evil deeds that day, the Day of Resurrection, verily him You will have had been merciful to; and that is indeed the supreme triumph’.
القرآن:٤٠:٩

وَقِهِمُ السَّيِّئَاتِ ۚ وَمَنْ تَقِ السَّيِّئَاتِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمْتَهُ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ  

{وقهم السيئات} أي عذابها {ومن تق السيئات يومئذ} يوم القيامة {فقد رحمته وذلك هو الفوز العظيم}.
quran:40:10

Indeed, those who disbelieve will be addressed, "The hatred of Allah for you was ˹even˺ greater than your hatred of yourselves ˹this Day in Hell˺ when you were invited to faith, but you refused."  

Indeed to those who disbelieve it will be proclaimed ˹to them˺, from the part of the angels, as they ˹disbelievers˺ enter the Fire in utter loathing of themselves: ‘Surely God’s loathing, of you, is greater than your loathing of yourselves, as you were called, ˹during life˺ in this world, to faith but you used to disbelieve’.
القرآن:٤٠:١٠

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنَادَوْنَ لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مَقْتِكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ  

{إن الذين كفروا ينادوْن} من قبل الملائكة وهم يمقتون أنفسهم عند دخولهم النار {لمقت الله} إياكم {أكبر من مقتكم أنفسكم إذ تدعوْن} في الدنيا {إلى الإيمان فتكفرون}.
quran:40:11

They will say, "Our Lord, You made us lifeless twice and gave us life twice, and we have confessed our sins. So is there to an exit any way?"  

They will say, ‘Our Lord, You have caused us to die twice, two deaths, and You have given us life twice — for they were lifeless drops of semen, then they were given life, then made to die, then brought back to life for the Resurrection. We ˹now˺ confess our sins, in having disbelieved in the Resurrection. Is there then any way to go out?’, out of the Fire and return to the world to be obedient to our Lord? The answer given to them will be: No!
القرآن:٤٠:١١

قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا فَهَلْ إِلَىٰ خُرُوجٍ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ  

{قالوا ربنا أمتَّنا اثنتين} إماتتين {وأحييتنا اثنتين} إحياءتين لأنهم نطفٌ أموات فأحيوا ثم أميتوا ثم أحيوا للبعث {فاعترفنا بذنوبنا} بكفرنا بالبعث {فهل إلى خروج} من النار والرجوع إلى الدنيا لنطيع ربنا {من سبيل} طريق وجوابهم: لا.
quran:40:12

˹They will be told˺, "That is because, when Allah was called upon alone, you disbelieved; but if others were associated with Him, you believed. So the judgement is with Allah, the Most High, the Grand."  

That, namely, the chastisement which you find yourselves in, is because, during ˹the life of˺ this world, when God was invoked alone, you would disbelieve, in His Oneness; but if partners were ascribed to Him, you would believe, you would accept such idolatry. So the judgement, to chastise you, belongs to God, the Exalted, above His creation, the Great, the Tremendous.
القرآن:٤٠:١٢

ذَٰلِكُمْ بِأَنَّهُ إِذَا دُعِيَ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ كَفَرْتُمْ ۖ وَإِنْ يُشْرَكْ بِهِ تُؤْمِنُوا ۚ فَالْحُكْمُ لِلَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْكَبِيرِ  

{ذلكم} أي العذاب أنتم فيه {بأنه} أي بسبب أنه في الدنيا {إذا دعي الله وحده كفرتم} بتوحيده {وإن يُشرَك به} يجعل له شريك {تؤمنوا} تصدقوا بالإشراك {فالحكم} في تعذيبكم {لله العليِّ} على خلقه {الكبير} العظيم.
quran:40:13

It is He who shows you His signs and sends down to you from the sky, provision. But none will remember except he who turns back ˹in repentance˺.  

He it is Who shows you His signs, the proofs of His Oneness, and sends down from the heaven for you provision, by way of rain. Yet no one remembers, ˹no one˺ is admonished, except him who returns penitently, ˹who˺ recants idolatry.
القرآن:٤٠:١٣

هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيكُمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُنَزِّلُ لَكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ رِزْقًا ۚ وَمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ إِلَّا مَنْ يُنِيبُ  

{هو الذي يريكم آياته} دلائل توحيده {وينزل لكم من السماء رزقا} بالمطر {وما يتذكر} يتعظ {إلا من ينيب} يرجع عن الشرك.
quran:40:14

So invoke Allah, ˹being˺ sincere to Him in religion, although the disbelievers dislike it.  

So supplicate God, worship Him, devoting ˹your˺ religion purely to Him, ˹free˺ from any idolatry, however much the disbelievers be averse, to its being free of such ˹idolatry˺.
القرآن:٤٠:١٤

فَادْعُوا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ  

{فادعوا الله} اعبدوه {مخلصين له الدين} من الشرك {ولو كره الكافرون} إخلاصكم منه.
quran:40:15

˹He is˺ the Exalted above ˹all˺ degrees, Owner of the Throne; He places the inspiration of His command upon whom He wills of His servants to warn of the Day of Meeting.  

Exalter of ranks, ˹either means˺ that God is One Whose attributes are majestic — or ˹it means˺ the raiser of the ranks of believers in Paradise — Lord of the Throne, in other words, the Creator thereof, He casts the Spirit, the Revelation, of His command, that is, ˹of˺ His words, upon whomever He will of His servants, that he, the one upon whom it is cast, may warn them of, ˹that he may˺ make people fear, the Day of Encounter (read yawma’l-talāqi, omitting the ˹final long˺ yā’, or yawma’l-talāqī), that is to say, the Day of Resurrection, ˹so called˺ because thereat the inhabitants of the heavens will encounter those of the earth, and the worshipper ˹will encounter˺ the one whom he worshipped, and the wrongdoer ˹will encounter˺ the person whom he wronged;
القرآن:٤٠:١٥

رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ ذُو الْعَرْشِ يُلْقِي الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ لِيُنْذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلَاقِ  

{رفيع الدرجات} أي الله عظيم الصفات، أو رافع درجات المؤمنين في الجنة {ذو العرش} خالقه {يلقي الروح} الوحي {من أمره} أي قوله {على من يشاء من عباده لينذر} يخوَّف الملقى عليه الناس {يوم التلاق} بحذف الياء وإثباتها يوم القيامة لتلاقي أهل السماء والأرض، والعابد والمعبود، والظالم والمظلوم فيه.
quran:40:16

The Day they come forth nothing concerning them will be concealed from Allah. To whom belongs ˹all˺ sovereignty this Day? To Allah, the One, the Prevailing.  

the day when they will emerge, ˹the day˺ they will exit from their graves; nothing about them will be hidden from God. ‘To whom does Sovereignty belong today?’ — God, exalted be He, asks this and Himself responds — ‘To God, the One, the All-compelling!’, over His creatures.
القرآن:٤٠:١٦

يَوْمَ هُمْ بَارِزُونَ ۖ لَا يَخْفَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَيْءٌ ۚ لِمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ ۖ لِلَّهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ  

{يوم هم بارزون} خارجون من قبورهم {لا يخفى على الله منهم شيءٌ لمن الملك اليوم} بقوله تعالى، ويجيب نفسه {لله الواحد القهار} أي لخلقه.
quran:40:17

This Day every soul will be recompensed for what it earned. No injustice today! Indeed, Allah is swift in account.  

Today every soul shall be requited for what it has earned; there will be no injustice today. Indeed God is swift at reckoning’, reckoning with all of creation in the space of half a day of the days of this world — a hadīth states this.
القرآن:٤٠:١٧

الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ ۚ لَا ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ  

{اليوم تجزى كل نفس بما كسبت لا ظلم اليوم إن الله سريع الحساب} يحاسب جميع الخلق في قدر نصف نهار من أيام الدنيا لحديث بذلك.
quran:40:18

And warn them, ˹O Muhammad˺, of the Approaching Day, when hearts are at the throats, filled ˹with distress˺. For the wrongdoers there will be no devoted friend and no intercessor ˹who is˺ obeyed.  

And warn them of the Impending Day, namely, the Day of Resurrection (al-azifa, as in azifa al-rahīlu, ‘departure is very near’) when the hearts will, rising up in fear, reach the throats, choking with anguish, filled with ˹suppressed˺ anxiety (kāzimīna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-qulūbu, ‘the hearts’, which is qualified by the ˹active animate participle˺ plural ˹kāzimīna˺ and referred to as though they were the very individuals themselves). The evildoers will not have any intimate ˹friend˺, ˹any˺ sympathiser, nor any intercessor who might be heeded — the adjectival qualification ˹‘who might be heeded’˺ has no ˹literal˺ significance, for they do not have intercessors in the first place: So ˹now˺ we have no intercessors … ˹Q. 26:100˺. The first part, however, may ˹be said to˺ have significance if ˹understand˺ on the basis of their claim to have intercessors, and so, in other words, even if — hypothetically speaking — they ˹their intercessors˺ did intercede for them, they would not be heeded.
القرآن:٤٠:١٨

وَأَنْذِرْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْآزِفَةِ إِذِ الْقُلُوبُ لَدَى الْحَنَاجِرِ كَاظِمِينَ ۚ مَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ وَلَا شَفِيعٍ يُطَاعُ  

(وأنذرهم يوم الآزفة) يوم القيامة من أزف الرحيل: قرب (إذ القلوب) ترتفع خوفا (لدى) عند (الحناجر كاظمين) ممتلئين غما حال من القلوب عوملت بالجمع بالياء والنون معاملة أصحابها (ما للظالمين من حميم) محب (ولا شفيع يطاع) لا مفهوم للوصف إذ لا شفيع لهم أصلا "" فما لنا من شافعين "" أوله مفهوم بناء على زعمهم أن لهم شفعاء، أي لو شفعوا فرضا لم يقبلوا.
quran:40:19

He knows that which deceives the eyes and what the breasts conceal.  

He, namely, God, knows the treachery of the eyes, when it steals a glance at what is prohibited ˹for it to look at˺, and what the breasts hide — ˹what˺ the hearts ˹hide˺.
القرآن:٤٠:١٩

يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ  

{يعلم أي الله {خائنة الأعين} بمارقتها النظر إلى محرَّم {وما تخفي الصدور} القلوب.
quran:40:20

And Allah judges with truth, while those they invoke besides Him judge not with anything. Indeed, Allah - He is the Hearing, the Seeing.  

And God decrees with truth, while those on whom they call, whom they worship, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca (read yad‘ūna, ‘they call’, or tad‘ūna, ‘you call’) besides Him — and these are the idols — do not decree by any means ˹at all˺: so how can they be God’s associates? Truly God is the Hearer, of their sayings, the Seer, of their actions.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٠

وَاللَّهُ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِّ ۖ وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لَا يَقْضُونَ بِشَيْءٍ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ  

{والله يقضي بالحق والذين يدعون} يعبدون، أي كفار مكة بالياء والتاء {من دونه} وهم الأصنام {لا يقضون بشيءٍ} فكيف يكونون شركاء لله {إن الله هو السميع} لأقوالهم {البصير} بأفعالهم.
quran:40:21

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those who were before them? They were greater than them in strength and in impression on the land, but Allah seized them for their sins. And they had not from Allah any protector.  

Have they not travelled in the land and beheld the nature of the consequence for those who were before them? They were more powerful than them (a variant reading has minkum, ‘than yourselves’) in strength and in ˹their˺ vestiges on earth, in the way of large structures and palaces. Yet God seized them, He destroyed them, for their sins and they had none to shield them from God, from His chastisement.
القرآن:٤٠:٢١

أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ كَانُوا هُمْ أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً وَآثَارًا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ بِذُنُوبِهِمْ وَمَا كَانَ لَهُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ وَاقٍ  

{أوَ لم يسيروا في الأرض فينظروا كيف كان عاقبة الذين كانوا من قبلهم كانوا هم أشد منهم} وفي قراءة: منكم {قوة وآثارا في الأرض} من مصانع وقصور {فأخذهم الله} أهلكهم {بذنوبهم وما كان لهم من الله من واق} عذابه.
quran:40:22

That was because their messengers were coming to them with clear proofs, but they disbelieved, so Allah seized them. Indeed, He is Powerful and severe in punishment.  

That was because their messengers used to bring them clear signs, manifest miracles, but they disbelieved. So God seized them. Indeed He is Strong, Severe in punishment.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٢

ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَانَتْ تَأْتِيهِمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَكَفَرُوا فَأَخَذَهُمُ اللَّهُ ۚ إِنَّهُ قَوِيٌّ شَدِيدُ الْعِقَابِ  

{ذلك بأنهم كانت تأتيهم رسلهم بالبينات} بالمعجزات الظاهرات {فكفروا فأخذهم الله إنه قويٌ شديد العقاب}.
quran:40:23

And We did certainly send Moses with Our signs and a clear authority  

And verily We sent Moses with Our signs and a clear warrant, an evident and manifest proof,
القرآن:٤٠:٢٣

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا مُوسَىٰ بِآيَاتِنَا وَسُلْطَانٍ مُبِينٍ  

{ولقد أرسلنا موسى بآياتنا وسلطان مبين} برهان بيَّن ظاهر.
quran:40:24

To Pharaoh, Haman and Qarun; but they said, "˹He is˺ a magician and a liar."  

to Pharaoh and Hāmān and Korah, but they said — that he was — ‘A sorcerer, a ˹mere˺ liar!’
القرآن:٤٠:٢٤

إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ وَهَامَانَ وَقَارُونَ فَقَالُوا سَاحِرٌ كَذَّابٌ  

{إلى فرعون وهامان وقارون فقالوا} هو {ساحرٌ كذاب}.
quran:40:25

And when he brought them the truth from Us, they said, "Kill the sons of those who have believed with him and keep their women alive." But the plan of the disbelievers is not except in error.  

So when he brought them the truth from Us, they said, ‘Slay the sons of those who believe with him, and spare, keep alive, their women’. But the guile of the disbelievers is ever in error, in perdition.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٥

فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ مِنْ عِنْدِنَا قَالُوا اقْتُلُوا أَبْنَاءَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مَعَهُ وَاسْتَحْيُوا نِسَاءَهُمْ ۚ وَمَا كَيْدُ الْكَافِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَالٍ  

{فلما جاءهم بالحق} بالصدق {من عندنا {قالوا اقتلوا أبناء الذين آمنوا معه واستحيوا} استبقوا {نساءهم وما كيْد الكافرين إلا في ضلال} هلاك.
quran:40:26

And Pharaoh said, "Let me kill Moses and let him call upon his Lord. Indeed, I fear that he will change your religion or that he will cause corruption in the land."  

And Pharaoh said, ‘Let me slay Moses — for they used to restrain him from slaying him — and let him call to his Lord, to defend him against me. Indeed I fear that he may change your religion, ˹involving˺ your worship of me, so that you will then follow him ˹in his religion˺, or that he may cause corruption to appear in the land’, by ˹initiating˺ killing and otherwise (a variant reading ˹for wa-an, ‘and that’˺ is aw-an, ‘or that’; a variant reading ˹for an yuzhira fī’l-ardi’l-fasāda˺ is ˹the impersonal construction˺ an yazhara fī’l-ardi’l-fasādu, ‘that corruption may appear in the land’).
القرآن:٤٠:٢٦

وَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ ذَرُونِي أَقْتُلْ مُوسَىٰ وَلْيَدْعُ رَبَّهُ ۖ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ يُبَدِّلَ دِينَكُمْ أَوْ أَنْ يُظْهِرَ فِي الْأَرْضِ الْفَسَادَ  

{وقال فرعون ذروني أقتل موسى} لأنهم كانوا يكفونه عن قتله {وليدع ربه} ليمنعه مني {إني أخاف أن يبدل دينكم} من عبادتكم إياي فتتبعوه {وأن يُظهر في الأرض الفساد} من قتل وغيره، وفي قراءة: أو، وفي أخرى بفتح الياء والهاء وضم الدال.
quran:40:27

But Moses said, "Indeed, I have sought refuge in my Lord and your Lord from every arrogant one who does not believe in the Day of Account."  

And Moses said, to his people, after he had heard that ˹saying of Pharaoh˺: ‘Indeed I seek refuge in my Lord and your Lord from every arrogant one who does not believe in the Day of Reckoning’.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٧

وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ إِنِّي عُذْتُ بِرَبِّي وَرَبِّكُمْ مِنْ كُلِّ مُتَكَبِّرٍ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِيَوْمِ الْحِسَابِ  

{وقال موسى} لقومه وقد سمع ذلك إني عذت بربي وربكم من كل متكبر لا يؤمن بيوم الحساب}.
quran:40:28

And a believing man from the family of Pharaoh who concealed his faith said, "Do you kill a man ˹merely˺ because he says, 'My Lord is Allah' while he has brought you clear proofs from your Lord? And if he should be lying, then upon him is ˹the consequence of˺ his lie; but if he should be truthful, there will strike you some of what he promises you. Indeed, Allah does not guide one who is a transgressor and a liar.  

Then said a believing man from among Pharaoh’s folk — this is said to have been his paternal cousin — who had concealed his faith, ‘Will you slay a man for saying, “My Lord is God”, even though he has ˹also˺ brought you clear signs, manifest miracles, from your Lord? If he is lying, then his mendacity will be to his own detriment, that is, the harm resulting from his mendacity ˹will be to his own detriment˺; but if he is truthful, then there will befall you some of that with which he is threatening you, in the way of chastisement, soon. Truly God does not guide one who is a prodigal, an idolater, a liar.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٨

وَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ مِنْ آلِ فِرْعَوْنَ يَكْتُمُ إِيمَانَهُ أَتَقْتُلُونَ رَجُلًا أَنْ يَقُولَ رَبِّيَ اللَّهُ وَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ ۖ وَإِنْ يَكُ كَاذِبًا فَعَلَيْهِ كَذِبُهُ ۖ وَإِنْ يَكُ صَادِقًا يُصِبْكُمْ بَعْضُ الَّذِي يَعِدُكُمْ ۖ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌ كَذَّابٌ  

{وقال رجل مؤمن من آل فرعون} قيل: هو ابن عمه {يكتم إيمانه أتقتلون رجلا أن} أي لأن {يقول ربيَ الله وقد جاءَكم بالبينات} بالمعجزات الظاهرات {من ربكم وإن يك كاذبا فعليه كذبه} أي ضرر كذبه {وإن يك صادقا يصبكم بعض الذي يعدكم} به من العذاب عاجلا {إن الله لا يهدي من هو مسرف} مشرك {كذاب} مفتر.
quran:40:29

O my people, sovereignty is yours today, ˹your being˺ dominant in the land. But who would protect us from the punishment of Allah if it came to us?" Pharaoh said, "I do not show you except what I see, and I do not guide you except to the way of right conduct."  

O my people! Today the kingdom is yours: ˹you are˺ dominant, prevailing (zāhirīna, a circumstantial qualifier) in the land, the land of Egypt. But who will help us against the might of God, ˹against˺ His chastisement, if you ˹resolve to˺ slay His friends, should it reach us?’ In other words, we would have no helper. Pharaoh said, ‘I only point out to you what I see ˹to be best˺, that is to say, I only suggest to you what I suggest to myself, and that is, to kill Moses ˹would be best˺; and I am only guiding you to the path of rectitude’, ˹to˺ the correct way.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٩

يَا قَوْمِ لَكُمُ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ ظَاهِرِينَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَنْ يَنْصُرُنَا مِنْ بَأْسِ اللَّهِ إِنْ جَاءَنَا ۚ قَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ مَا أُرِيكُمْ إِلَّا مَا أَرَىٰ وَمَا أَهْدِيكُمْ إِلَّا سَبِيلَ الرَّشَادِ  

{يا قوم لكم الملك اليوم ظاهرين} غالبين حال {في الأرض} أرض مصر {فمن ينصرنا من بأس الله} عذابه إن قتلتم أولياءه {إن جاءنا} أي لا ناصر لنا {قال فرعون ما أريكم إلا ما أرى} أي ما أشير عليكم إلا بما أشير به على نفسي وهو قتل موسى {وما أهديكم إلا سبيل الرشاد} طريق الصواب.
quran:40:30

And he who believed said, "O my people, indeed I fear for you ˹a fate˺ like the day of the companies -  

Then said he who believed, ‘O my people! Truly I fear for you ˹a day˺ like the day of the factions, in other words, the day of one faction ˹being destroyed˺ after another;
القرآن:٤٠:٣٠

وَقَالَ الَّذِي آمَنَ يَا قَوْمِ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِثْلَ يَوْمِ الْأَحْزَابِ  

{وقال الذي آمن يا قوم إنِّي أخاف عليكم مثل يوم الأحزاب} أي يوم حزب بعد حزب.
quran:40:31

Like the custom of the people of Noah and of 'Aad and Thamud and those after them. And Allah wants no injustice for ˹His˺ servants.  

like the case of the people of Noah, and ‘Ād, and Thamūd, and those ˹who came˺ after them (mithla, ‘like’, substitutes for the previous mithla, ‘like’) in other words, the same requital as was customarily dealt to those who disbelieved before you, of their being chastised in this world, and God does not desire to wrong ˹any of˺ His servants.
القرآن:٤٠:٣١

مِثْلَ دَأْبِ قَوْمِ نُوحٍ وَعَادٍ وَثَمُودَ وَالَّذِينَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ ۚ وَمَا اللَّهُ يُرِيدُ ظُلْمًا لِلْعِبَادِ  

{مثل دأب قوم نوح وعاد وثمود والذين من بعدهم} مثل بدل من مثل قبله، أي مثل جزاء عادة من كفر قبلكم من تعذيبهم في الدنيا {وما الله يريد ظلما لعباد}.
quran:40:32

And O my people, indeed I fear for you the Day of Calling -  

And O my people! Truly I fear for you a day of ˹mutual˺ calling (read yawma’l-tanādi, omitting the ˹final long˺ yā’, or retaining it thus: yawma’l-tanādī) that is to say, the Day of Resurrection, in which repeated calls are made by those meriting Paradise to those meriting the Fire and vice versa, as well as calls ˹proclaiming˺ good fortune for those who merit the former and misery for those who merit the latter and ˹many˺ other such ˹calls˺,
القرآن:٤٠:٣٢

وَيَا قَوْمِ إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَوْمَ التَّنَادِ  

{ويا قوم إني أخاف عليكم يوم التناد} بحذف الياء وإثباتها، أي يوم القيامة يكثر فيه نداء أصحاب الجنة أصحاب النار وبالعكس، والنداء بالسعادة لأهلها وبالشقاوة لأهلها وغير ذلك.
quran:40:33

The Day you will turn your backs fleeing; there is not for you from Allah any protector. And whoever Allah leaves astray - there is not for him any guide.  

a day when you will turn back to flee, from the site of the Reckoning ˹leading˺ to the Fire, not having anyone to defend you, to protect you, from God, in other words, from His chastisement, and whomever God leads astray, for him there is no guide.
القرآن:٤٠:٣٣

يَوْمَ تُوَلُّونَ مُدْبِرِينَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنَ اللَّهِ مِنْ عَاصِمٍ ۗ وَمَنْ يُضْلِلِ اللَّهُ فَمَا لَهُ مِنْ هَادٍ  

{يوم تولون مدبرين} عن موقف الحساب إلى النار {ما لكم من الله} أي من عذابه {من عاصم} مانع {ومن يضلل الله فما له من هادِ}.
quran:40:34

And Joseph had already come to you before with clear proofs, but you remained in doubt of that which he brought to you, until when he died, you said, 'Never will Allah send a messenger after him.' Thus does Allah leave astray he who is a transgressor and skeptic."  

And verily Joseph brought you, before, in other words, before Moses — according to one opinion, this Joseph is the son of Jacob, having been given life until the time of Moses; according to another opinion this is Joseph son of Abraham son of Joseph son of Jacob — clear signs, manifest miracles, but you continued to be in doubt concerning what he had brought you until, when he died, you said, without any evidence ˹to support such a claim˺: “God will never send any messenger after him” — in other words, you will never cease to disbelieve in Joseph and others ˹that may come after him˺. So, that is, just as you have been led astray, God leads astray one who is a prodigal, an idolater, a skeptic’, a doubter of that which the clear signs have certified.
القرآن:٤٠:٣٤

وَلَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ يُوسُفُ مِنْ قَبْلُ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَمَا زِلْتُمْ فِي شَكٍّ مِمَّا جَاءَكُمْ بِهِ ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا هَلَكَ قُلْتُمْ لَنْ يَبْعَثَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ رَسُولًا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يُضِلُّ اللَّهُ مَنْ هُوَ مُسْرِفٌ مُرْتَابٌ  

{ولقد جاءكم يوسف من قبل} أي قبل موسى وهو يوسف بن يعقوب في قول، عمَّر إلى زمن موسى، أو يوسف بن إبراهيم بن يوسف بن يعقوب في قول {بالبينات} بالمعجزات الظاهرات {فما زلتم في شك مما جاءكم به حتى إذا هلك قلتم} من غير برهان {لن يبعث الله من بعده رسولا} أي فلن تزالوا كافرين بيوسف وغيره {كذلك} أي مثل إضلالكم {يضل الله من هو مسرف} مشرك {مرتاب} شاك فيما شهدت به البينات.
quran:40:35

Those who dispute concerning the signs of Allah without an authority having come to them - great is hatred ˹of them˺ in the sight of Allah and in the sight of those who have believed. Thus does Allah seal over every heart ˹belonging to˺ an arrogant tyrant.  

Those who dispute the signs of God, His miracles (alladhīna yujādilūna fī āyāti’Llāhi, the subject) without any warrant, any evidence, that has come to them — greatly hateful ˹is that˺, disputing of theirs (kabura, the predicate of the subject) in the sight of God and in the sight of those who believe. So, just as they have been led astray, God sets a seal, of misguidance, on the heart of every arrogant tyrant (read qalbin, ‘the heart of’, with nunation, or without, qalbi). As the heart grows arrogant, so does the individual and vice versa (kulli, in both readings, is meant to indicate the totality of the misguidance of such hearts, not the totality of the hearts).
القرآن:٤٠:٣٥

الَّذِينَ يُجَادِلُونَ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ بِغَيْرِ سُلْطَانٍ أَتَاهُمْ ۖ كَبُرَ مَقْتًا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَعِنْدَ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ يَطْبَعُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ قَلْبِ مُتَكَبِّرٍ جَبَّارٍ  

{الذين يجادلون في آيات الله} معجزاته مبتدأ {بغير سلطان} برهان {أتاهم كَبُر} جدالهم خبر المبتدأ {مقتا عند الله وعند الذين آمنوا كذلك} مثل إضلالهم {يطبع} يختم {الله} بالضلال {على كل قلب متكبَّرِ جبار} بتنوين قلب ودونه، ومتى تكبَّر القلب، تكبَّر صاحبه وبالعكس، وكل على القراءتين لعموم الضلال جميع القلب لا لعموم القلب.
quran:40:36

And Pharaoh said, "O Haman, construct for me a tower that I might reach the ways -  

And Pharaoh said, ‘O Hāmān! Build for me a tower, a lofty edifice, that perhaps I may reach the routes —
القرآن:٤٠:٣٦

وَقَالَ فِرْعَوْنُ يَا هَامَانُ ابْنِ لِي صَرْحًا لَعَلِّي أَبْلُغُ الْأَسْبَابَ  

{وقال فرعون يا هامان ابن لي صرحا} بناءً عاليا {لعلي أبلغ الأسباب}.
quran:40:37

The ways into the heavens - so that I may look at the deity of Moses; but indeed, I think he is a liar." And thus was made attractive to Pharaoh the evil of his deed, and he was averted from the ˹right˺ way. And the plan of Pharaoh was not except in ruin.  

the routes of the heavens — the paths that lead to it, and look upon (read ˹indicative˺ fa-attali‘u as a supplement to ablughu, ‘I may reach’; or read ˹subjunctive˺ fa-attali‘a, as the response to ibni lī, ‘build for me’) the God of Moses; for I truly think that he, that is, Moses, is lying’, about his having a god other than me — Pharaoh said this in order to disguise ˹the truth˺. And that is how the evil ˹nature˺ of his conduct was made to seem fair to Pharaoh, and ˹that is how˺ he was barred from the ˹right˺ way, the path to guidance (read sadda, ‘˹that is how˺ he barred ˹others˺’, or sudda, ‘˹that is how˺ he was barred’). And Pharaoh’s guile ended only in ruin, loss.
القرآن:٤٠:٣٧

أَسْبَابَ السَّمَاوَاتِ فَأَطَّلِعَ إِلَىٰ إِلَٰهِ مُوسَىٰ وَإِنِّي لَأَظُنُّهُ كَاذِبًا ۚ وَكَذَٰلِكَ زُيِّنَ لِفِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ عَمَلِهِ وَصُدَّ عَنِ السَّبِيلِ ۚ وَمَا كَيْدُ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَّا فِي تَبَابٍ  

{أسباب السماوات} طرقها الموصولة إليها {فأطلع} بالرفع عطفا على أبلغ وبالنصب جوابا لابنِ {إلى إله موسى وإني لأظنه} أي موسى {كاذبا} في أن له إلها غيري قال فرعون ذلك تمويها {وكذلك زيَّن لفرعون سوء عمله وصدَّ عن السبيل} طريق الهدي بفتح الصاد وضمها {وما كيد فرعون إلا في تباب} خسار.
quran:40:38

And he who believed said, "O my people, follow me, I will guide you to the way of right conduct.  

And he who believed, ‘O my people! Follow me (read ittabi‘ūnī, with the ˹final long˺ yā’, or ittabi‘ūni, without); I will guide you to the way of rectitude (˹a similar statement˺ has already been mentioned ˹verse 29, above˺).
القرآن:٤٠:٣٨

وَقَالَ الَّذِي آمَنَ يَا قَوْمِ اتَّبِعُونِ أَهْدِكُمْ سَبِيلَ الرَّشَادِ  

{وقال الذي آمن يا قوم اتَّبعون} بإثبات الياء وحذفها {أهدكم سبيل الرشاد} تقدم.
quran:40:39

O my people, this worldly life is only ˹temporary˺ enjoyment, and indeed, the Hereafter - that is the home of ˹permanent˺ settlement.  

O my people! Truly this life of the world is only an ˹ephemeral˺ enjoyment, ˹containing˺ comforts which will ˹eventually˺ disappear, whereas the Hereafter truly is the enduring abode.
القرآن:٤٠:٣٩

يَا قَوْمِ إِنَّمَا هَٰذِهِ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا مَتَاعٌ وَإِنَّ الْآخِرَةَ هِيَ دَارُ الْقَرَارِ  

{يا قوم إنما هذه الحياة الدنيا متاع} تمتع يزول {وإن الآخرة هي دار القرار}.
quran:40:40

Whoever does an evil deed will not be recompensed except by the like thereof; but whoever does righteousness, whether male or female, while he is a believer - those will enter Paradise, being given provision therein without account.  

Whoever commits an evil deed shall not be requited except with the like of it; but whoever acts righteously, whether male or female, and is a believer — such shall be admitted into Paradise (read ˹passive˺ yudkhalūna, or the opposite ˹active yadkhulūna, ‘they shall enter’) wherein they will be provided without any reckoning, an abundant provision, ˹given to them˺ unconditionally.
القرآن:٤٠:٤٠

مَنْ عَمِلَ سَيِّئَةً فَلَا يُجْزَىٰ إِلَّا مِثْلَهَا ۖ وَمَنْ عَمِلَ صَالِحًا مِنْ ذَكَرٍ أَوْ أُنْثَىٰ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ فَأُولَٰئِكَ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ يُرْزَقُونَ فِيهَا بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ  

{من عمل سيئة فلا يُجزى إلا مثلها ومن عمل صالحا من ذكر أو أنثى وهو مؤمن فأولئك يدخلون الجنة} بضم الياء وفتح الخاء وبالعكس {يرزقون فيها بغير حساب} رزقا واسعا بلا تبعة.
quran:40:41

And O my people, how is it that I invite you to salvation while you invite me to the Fire?  

And O my people! ˹Think˺ what makes me call you to deliverance when you call me to the Fire?
القرآن:٤٠:٤١

وَيَا قَوْمِ مَا لِي أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى النَّجَاةِ وَتَدْعُونَنِي إِلَى النَّارِ  

{ويا قوم مالي أدعوكم إلى النجاة وتدعونني إلى النار}.
quran:40:42

You invite me to disbelieve in Allah and associate with Him that of which I have no knowledge, and I invite you to the Exalted in Might, the Perpetual Forgiver.  

You call me to disbelieve in God and to associate with Him that whereof I have no knowledge, whereas I call you to the Mighty, Whose way ˹always˺ prevails, the Forgiver, to those who repent.
القرآن:٤٠:٤٢

تَدْعُونَنِي لِأَكْفُرَ بِاللَّهِ وَأُشْرِكَ بِهِ مَا لَيْسَ لِي بِهِ عِلْمٌ وَأَنَا أَدْعُوكُمْ إِلَى الْعَزِيزِ الْغَفَّارِ  

{تدعونني لأكفر بالله وأشرك به ما ليس لي به علم وأنا أدعوكم إلى العزيز} الغالب على أمره {الغفار} لمن تاب.
quran:40:43

Assuredly, that to which you invite me has no ˹response to a˺ supplication in this world or in the Hereafter; and indeed, our return is to Allah, and indeed, the transgressors will be companions of the Fire.  

No doubt, verily, that to which you call me, to worship, has no call ˹that is heard˺, in other words, ˹has no˺ call answered, in this world or in the Hereafter, and indeed our return will be to God, and indeed the prodigal, the disbelievers, it is they who will be the inhabitants of the Fire.
القرآن:٤٠:٤٣

لَا جَرَمَ أَنَّمَا تَدْعُونَنِي إِلَيْهِ لَيْسَ لَهُ دَعْوَةٌ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَلَا فِي الْآخِرَةِ وَأَنَّ مَرَدَّنَا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَأَنَّ الْمُسْرِفِينَ هُمْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ  

{لا جرم} حقا {أنما تدعونني إليه} لأعبده {ليس له دعوة} أي استجابة دعوة {في الدنيا ولا في الآخرة وأن مردنا} مرجعنا {إلى الله وأن المسرفين} الكافرين {هم أصحاب النار}.
quran:40:44

And you will remember what I ˹now˺ say to you, and I entrust my affair to Allah. Indeed, Allah is Seeing of ˹His˺ servants."  

For you will ˹soon˺ remember what I have said to you, when you see the chastisement with your own eyes. And I entrust my affair to God. Truly God is Seer of ˹His˺ servants’ — he said this after they threatened him ˹with retribution˺ for opposing their religion.
القرآن:٤٠:٤٤

فَسَتَذْكُرُونَ مَا أَقُولُ لَكُمْ ۚ وَأُفَوِّضُ أَمْرِي إِلَى اللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَصِيرٌ بِالْعِبَادِ  

{فستذكرون} إذا عاينتم العذاب {ما أقول لكم وأفوض أمري إلى الله إن الله بصير بالعباد} قال ذلك لما توعدوه بمخالفة دينهم.
quran:40:45

So Allah protected him from the evils they plotted, and the people of Pharaoh were enveloped by the worst of punishment -  

So God shielded him from the evils of what they had plotted, against him, in the way of killing ˹him˺, and there besieged, befell, the folk of Pharaoh, his people as well as him, a dreadful chastisement, drowning,
القرآن:٤٠:٤٥

فَوَقَاهُ اللَّهُ سَيِّئَاتِ مَا مَكَرُوا ۖ وَحَاقَ بِآلِ فِرْعَوْنَ سُوءُ الْعَذَابِ  

{فوقاه الله سيئات ما مكروا} به من القتل {وحاق} نزل {بآل فرعون} قومه معه {سوء العذاب} الغرق.
quran:40:46

The Fire, they are exposed to it morning and evening. And the Day the Hour appears ˹it will be said˺, "Make the people of Pharaoh enter the severest punishment."  

then: the Fire, to which they are exposed, in which they are burnt, morning and evening. And on the day when the Hour comes, it will be said: ‘Enter, O, folk of Pharaoh (a variant reading ˹for udkhulū, ‘enter’˺ has adkhilū, ‘admit’, being a command to the angels) the most awful chastisement!’, the chastisement of Hell.
القرآن:٤٠:٤٦

النَّارُ يُعْرَضُونَ عَلَيْهَا غُدُوًّا وَعَشِيًّا ۖ وَيَوْمَ تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ أَدْخِلُوا آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ أَشَدَّ الْعَذَابِ  

ثم (النار يعرضون عليها) يحرقون بها {غدوا وعشيا} صباحا ومساءً {ويوم تقوم الساعة} يقال {ادخلُوا} يا {آل فرعون} وفي قراءة: بفتح الهمزة وكسر الخاء أمر للملائكة {أشد العذاب} عذاب جهنم.
quran:40:47

And ˹mention˺ when they will argue within the Fire, and the weak will say to those who had been arrogant, "Indeed, we were ˹only˺ your followers, so will you relieve us of a share of the Fire?"  

And, mention, when they will be arguing, ˹when˺ they, the disbelievers, will be disputing, ˹with one another˺ in the Fire, and the weak will say to those who were arrogant, ‘Indeed we were your followers (taba‘an is the plural of tābi‘); so will you ˹now˺ avail, ˹will you˺ defend, us against any portion of the Fire?’
القرآن:٤٠:٤٧

وَإِذْ يَتَحَاجُّونَ فِي النَّارِ فَيَقُولُ الضُّعَفَاءُ لِلَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا إِنَّا كُنَّا لَكُمْ تَبَعًا فَهَلْ أَنْتُمْ مُغْنُونَ عَنَّا نَصِيبًا مِنَ النَّارِ  

{و} اذكر {إذ يتحاجون} يتخاصم الكفار {في النار فيقول الضعفاء للذين استكبروا إنا كنا لكم تبعا} جمع تابع {فهل أنتم مغنون} دافعون {عنا نصيبا} جزاءً {من النار}.
quran:40:48

Those who had been arrogant will say, "Indeed, all ˹of us˺ are in it. Indeed, Allah has judged between the servants."  

Those who were arrogant will say, ‘Indeed we are all ˹together˺ in it. God has indeed judged ˹fairly˺ between His servants’, admitting believers into Paradise and disbelievers into the Fire.
القرآن:٤٠:٤٨

قَالَ الَّذِينَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا إِنَّا كُلٌّ فِيهَا إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ حَكَمَ بَيْنَ الْعِبَادِ  

{قال الذين استكبروا إنا كلَّ فيها إن الله قد حكم بين العباد} فأدخل المؤمنين الجنة والكافرين النار.
quran:40:49

And those in the Fire will say to the keepers of Hell, "Supplicate your Lord to lighten for us a day from the punishment."  

And those who are in the Fire will say to the keepers of Hell, ‘Call on your Lord that He relieve us of ˹at least˺ a day, in other words, the equivalent of one day, of the chastisement!’
القرآن:٤٠:٤٩

وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ فِي النَّارِ لِخَزَنَةِ جَهَنَّمَ ادْعُوا رَبَّكُمْ يُخَفِّفْ عَنَّا يَوْمًا مِنَ الْعَذَابِ  

{وقال الذين في النار لخزنة جهنم ادعوا ربكم يخفف عنا يوما} أي قدر يوم {من العذاب}.
quran:40:50

They will say, "Did there not come to you your messengers with clear proofs?" They will say, "Yes." They will reply, "Then supplicate ˹yourselves˺, but the supplication of the disbelievers is not except in error."  

They, that is, the keepers, will say, mockingly: ‘Did not your messengers bring you clear signs?’, manifest miracles? They will say, ‘Yes indeed’ — in other words, they disbelieved them. They will say, ‘Then supplicate ˹God˺!’, yourselves, for we do not intercede for disbelievers. God, exalted be He, says: but the supplications of the disbelievers can only be misguided, void.
القرآن:٤٠:٥٠

قَالُوا أَوَلَمْ تَكُ تَأْتِيكُمْ رُسُلُكُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ ۖ قَالُوا بَلَىٰ ۚ قَالُوا فَادْعُوا ۗ وَمَا دُعَاءُ الْكَافِرِينَ إِلَّا فِي ضَلَالٍ  

{قالوا} أي الخزنة تهكما {أوَ لم تك تأتيكم رسلكم بالبينات} بالمعجزات الظاهرات {قالوا بلى} أي فكفروا بهم {قالوا فادعوا} أنتم فإنا لا نشفع للكافرين، قال تعالى: {وما دعاءُ الكافرين إلا في ضلال} انعدام.