40. Sūrat Ghāfir

٤٠۔ سُورَةُ غَافِر

Qurʾān > Chapter 40 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٤٠ > باب ١

40.1 No one disputes the revelations of God except the disbelievers. The angels who bear the Throne of God pray for those who repent and follow the Right Way.

٤٠۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ غَافِر

quran:40:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ha, Meem.  

Hā mīm: God knows best what He means by these ˹letters˺.
القرآن:٤٠:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

حم  

{حَم} الله أعلم بمراده به.
quran:40:2 –

The revelation of the Book is from Allah, the Exalted in Might, the Knowing.  

The revelation of the Book, the Qur’ān (tanzīlu’l-kitābi is the subject), is from God (mina’Llāhi is its predicate), the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Knower, of His creatures.
القرآن:٤٠:٢ –

تَنْزِيلُ الْكِتَابِ مِنَ اللَّهِ الْعَزِيزِ الْعَلِيمِ  

{تنزيل الكتاب} القرآن مبتدأ {من الله} خبره {العزيز} في ملكه {العليم} بخلقه.
quran:40:3 –

The forgiver of sin, acceptor of repentance, severe in punishment, owner of abundance. There is no deity except Him; to Him is the destination.  

Forgiver of sins, for believers, and Accepter of repentance, from them (al-tawb is the verbal noun), Severe in punishment, of disbelievers — in other words, One Who makes it severe for them — One of ˹abundant˺ bounty, bestower of abundant grace — God is eternally possessed of all of these attributes, and so the annexation construction using the derivatives ˹of these attributes˺ is for the purposes of characterisation, as in the case of the last. There is no god except Him; to Him is the journeying, the ˹ultimate˺ return.
القرآن:٤٠:٣ –

غَافِرِ الذَّنْبِ وَقَابِلِ التَّوْبِ شَدِيدِ الْعِقَابِ ذِي الطَّوْلِ ۖ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ إِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ  

{غافر الذنب} للمؤمنين {وقابل التوب} لهم مصدر {شديد العقاب} للكافرين أي مشدده {ذي الطول} الإنعام الواسع، وهو موصوف على الدوام بكل هذه الصفات، فإضافة المشتق منها للتعريف كالأخيرة {لا إله إلا هو إليه المصير} المرجع.
quran:40:4 –

No one disputes concerning the signs of Allah except those who disbelieve, so be not deceived by their ˹uninhibited˺ movement throughout the land.  

None dispute the signs of God — the Qur’ān — except those who disbelieve, from among the people of Mecca, so do not be deceived by their bustle in the towns, ˹going about˺ seeking their livelihood in security, for the sequel for them will be the Fire.
القرآن:٤٠:٤ –

مَا يُجَادِلُ فِي آيَاتِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا فَلَا يَغْرُرْكَ تَقَلُّبُهُمْ فِي الْبِلَادِ  

{ما يجادل في آيات الله} القرآن {إلا الذين كفروا} من أهل مكة {فلا يغررك تقلبهم في البلاد} للمعاش سالمين فإن عاقبتهم النار.
quran:40:5 –

The people of Noah denied before them and the ˹disbelieving˺ factions after them, and every nation intended ˹a plot˺ for their messenger to seize him, and they disputed by ˹using˺ falsehood to ˹attempt to˺ invalidate thereby the truth. So I seized them, and how ˹terrible˺ was My penalty.  

The people of Noah denied before them and ˹also˺ the factions, such as ‘Ād, Thamūd and others, ˹who came˺ after them. And every community sought to seize their messenger, to slay him, and they argued falsely ˹thinking˺ to rebut, to eliminate, thereby the truth. Then I seized them, with punishment; so how ˹fitting˺ was My punishment!, of them — in other words, it was appropriate.
القرآن:٤٠:٥ –

كَذَّبَتْ قَبْلَهُمْ قَوْمُ نُوحٍ وَالْأَحْزَابُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ ۖ وَهَمَّتْ كُلُّ أُمَّةٍ بِرَسُولِهِمْ لِيَأْخُذُوهُ ۖ وَجَادَلُوا بِالْبَاطِلِ لِيُدْحِضُوا بِهِ الْحَقَّ فَأَخَذْتُهُمْ ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عِقَابِ  

{كذبت قبلهم قوم نوح والأحزاب} كعاد وثمود وغيرهما {من بعدهم وهمّت كل أمة برسولهم ليأخذوه} يقتلوه {وجادلوا بالباطل ليدحضوا} يزيلوا {به الحق فأخذتهم} بالعقاب {فكيف كان عقاب} لهم، أي هو واقع موقعه.
quran:40:6 –

And thus has the word of your Lord come into effect upon those who disbelieved that they are companions of the Fire.  

And thus was the word of your Lord — namely, the verse: Assuredly I will fill Hell … ˹Q. 11:119˺ — fulfilled against those who disbelieve: that they shall be the inhabitants of the Fire (annahum ashābu’l-nāri substitutes for kalimatu, ‘the word’).
القرآن:٤٠:٦ –

وَكَذَٰلِكَ حَقَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ النَّارِ  

(وكذلك حقت كلمة ربك) أي "" لأملأن جهنم "" الآية (على الذين كفروا أنهم أصحاب النار) بدل من كلمة.
quran:40:7 –

Those ˹angels˺ who carry the Throne and those around it exalt ˹Allah˺ with praise of their Lord and believe in Him and ask forgiveness for those who have believed, ˹saying˺, "Our Lord, You have encompassed all things in mercy and knowledge, so forgive those who have repented and followed Your way and protect them from the punishment of Hellfire.  

Those who bear the Throne (alladhīna yahmilūna’l-‘arsha is the subject) and those around it (wa-man hawlahu is a supplement to that ˹subject˺) glorify (yusabbihūna, is the predicate thereof) with praise of their Lord, continuously proclaiming praise, in other words, ˹continuously˺ saying: subhāna’Llāhi wa-bi-hamdihi, ‘Glory, and praise, be to God’; and they believe in Him, exalted be He, through their power of discernment, in other words, they affirm the truth of His Oneness, and they ask forgiveness for those who believe, saying: ‘Our Lord, You embrace all things in ˹Your˺ mercy and knowledge, that is to say, Your mercy embraces all things and Your knowledge ˹also embraces˺ all things. So forgive those who repent, of idolatry, and follow Your way — the religion of Islam — and shield them from the chastisement of Hell-fire, that is, the Fire.
القرآن:٤٠:٧ –

الَّذِينَ يَحْمِلُونَ الْعَرْشَ وَمَنْ حَوْلَهُ يُسَبِّحُونَ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّهِمْ وَيُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ وَيَسْتَغْفِرُونَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا رَبَّنَا وَسِعْتَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ رَحْمَةً وَعِلْمًا فَاغْفِرْ لِلَّذِينَ تَابُوا وَاتَّبَعُوا سَبِيلَكَ وَقِهِمْ عَذَابَ الْجَحِيمِ  

{الذين يحملون العرش} مبتدأ {ومن حوله} عطف عليه {يسبحون} خبره {بحمد ربهم} ملابسين للحمد، أي يقولون: سبحان الله وبحمده {ويؤمنون به} تعالى ببصائرهم أي يصدقون بوحدانيته {ويستغفرون للذين آمنوا} يقولون {ربنا وسعت كل شيءٍ رحمة وعلما} أي وسعت رحمتك كلَّ شيء وعلمك كل شيء {فاغفر للذين تابوا} من الشرك {واتبعوا سبيلك} دين الإسلام {وقهم عذاب الجحيم} النار.
quran:40:8 –

Our Lord, and admit them to gardens of perpetual residence which You have promised them and whoever was righteous among their fathers, their spouses and their offspring. Indeed, it is You who is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

Our Lord, and admit them into the Gardens of Eden, as ˹a place of˺ residence ˹for them˺, that which You have promised them, along with whoever were righteous (wa-man salaha is a supplement ˹either˺ to ˹the pronominal third person plural suffix˺ hum, ‘them’ in wa-adkhilhum, ‘and admit them’, or in wa‘adttahum, ‘You have promised them’) among their fathers and their wives and their descendants. Surely You are the One Who is the Mighty, the Wise, in what He does.
القرآن:٤٠:٨ –

رَبَّنَا وَأَدْخِلْهُمْ جَنَّاتِ عَدْنٍ الَّتِي وَعَدْتَهُمْ وَمَنْ صَلَحَ مِنْ آبَائِهِمْ وَأَزْوَاجِهِمْ وَذُرِّيَّاتِهِمْ ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنْتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{ربنا وأدخلهم جنات عدن} إقامة {التي وعدتهم ومن صلح} عطف على هم في وأدخلهم أو في وعدتهم {من آبائهم وأزواجهم وذرياتهم إنك أنت العزيز الحكيم} في صنعه.
quran:40:9 –

And protect them from the evil consequences ˹of their deeds˺. And he whom You protect from evil consequences that Day - You will have given him mercy. And that is the great attainment."  

And shield them from evil deeds, that is, ˹from˺ the chastisement thereof; for whomever You shield from evil deeds that day, the Day of Resurrection, verily him You will have had been merciful to; and that is indeed the supreme triumph’.
القرآن:٤٠:٩ –

وَقِهِمُ السَّيِّئَاتِ ۚ وَمَنْ تَقِ السَّيِّئَاتِ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَدْ رَحِمْتَهُ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَوْزُ الْعَظِيمُ  

{وقهم السيئات} أي عذابها {ومن تق السيئات يومئذ} يوم القيامة {فقد رحمته وذلك هو الفوز العظيم}.