40. Sūrat Ghāfir

٤٠۔ سُورَةُ غَافِر

40.12 Cattle are the signs of God for the people of understanding. Belief after seeing the scourge of God is of no avail to the disbelievers.

٤٠۔١٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ غَافِر

quran:40:79

It is Allah who made for you the grazing animals upon which you ride, and some of them you eat.  

God it is Who made for you cattle — it is said that ‘camels’ are specifically meant here, even though it seems to signify cows and sheep also — that you may ride some of them and eat of some.
القرآن:٤٠:٧٩

اللَّهُ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْأَنْعَامَ لِتَرْكَبُوا مِنْهَا وَمِنْهَا تَأْكُلُونَ  

{الله الذي جعل لكم الأنعام} قيل: الإبل خاصة هنا والظاهر والبقر والغنم {لتركبوا منها ومنها تأكلون}.
quran:40:80

And for you therein are ˹other˺ benefits and that you may realize upon them a need which is in your breasts; and upon them and upon ships you are carried.  

And there are ˹other˺ uses for you in them, such as ˹their˺ milk, offspring, fur and wool, and that by them you may satisfy any need that is in your breasts, namely, to transport heavy loads to ˹other˺ lands, and on them, on land, and on the ships, in the sea, you are carried.
القرآن:٤٠:٨٠

وَلَكُمْ فِيهَا مَنَافِعُ وَلِتَبْلُغُوا عَلَيْهَا حَاجَةً فِي صُدُورِكُمْ وَعَلَيْهَا وَعَلَى الْفُلْكِ تُحْمَلُونَ  

{ولكم فيها منافع} من الدر والنسل والوبر والصوف {ولتبلغوا عليها حاجة في صدوركم} هي حمل الأثقال إلى البلاد {وعليها} في البر {وعلى الفلك} السفن في البحر {تحملون}.
quran:40:81

And He shows you His signs. So which of the signs of Allah do you deny?  

And He shows you His signs. So which of God’s signs, that is, ˹the signs˺ that prove His Oneness, do you reject? (the interrogative here is meant as a rebuke; ayya, ‘which of’ is more commonly made masculine than feminine).
القرآن:٤٠:٨١

وَيُرِيكُمْ آيَاتِهِ فَأَيَّ آيَاتِ اللَّهِ تُنْكِرُونَ  

{ويريكم آياته فأيَّ آيات الله} أي الدالة على وحدانيته {تنكرون} استفهام توبيخ، وتذكير أي أشهر من تأنيثه.
quran:40:82

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those before them? They were more numerous than themselves and greater in strength and in impression on the land, but they were not availed by what they used to earn.  

Have they not travelled across the land to see the nature of the consequence for those before them? They were more powerful than them in might and in ˹their˺ vestiges on earth, in the way of large structures and palaces. But what they used to earn did not avail them.
القرآن:٤٠:٨٢

أَفَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ ۚ كَانُوا أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ قُوَّةً وَآثَارًا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَمَا أَغْنَىٰ عَنْهُمْ مَا كَانُوا يَكْسِبُونَ  

{أفلم يسيروا في الأرض فينظروا كيف كان عاقبة الذين من قبلهم كانوا أكثر منهم وأشد قوَّةً وأثارا في الأرض} من مصانع وقصور {فما أغنى عنهم ما كانوا يكسبون}.
quran:40:83

And when their messengers came to them with clear proofs, they ˹merely˺ rejoiced in what they had of knowledge, but they were enveloped by what they used to ridicule.  

And when their messengers brought them clear signs, manifest miracles, they, the disbelievers, exulted in the knowledge they, the messengers, possessed, an exultation that entailed mockery and amusement, as they rejected such ˹knowledge˺, and there besieged, befell, them that which they used to deride, namely, the chastisement.
القرآن:٤٠:٨٣

فَلَمَّا جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ فَرِحُوا بِمَا عِنْدَهُمْ مِنَ الْعِلْمِ وَحَاقَ بِهِمْ مَا كَانُوا بِهِ يَسْتَهْزِئُونَ  

{فلما جاءتهم رسلهم بالبينات} المعجزات الظاهرات {فرحوا} أي الكفار {بما عندهم} أي الرسل {من العلم} فرح استهزاء وضحك منكرين له {وحاق} نزل {بهم ما كانوا به يستهزءُون} أي العذاب.
quran:40:84

And when they saw Our punishment, they said," We believe in Allah alone and disbelieve in that which we used to associate with Him."  

Then, when they saw Our doom, that is, the severity of Our chastisement, they said, ‘We believe in God alone, and we disavow what we used to associate with Him’.
القرآن:٤٠:٨٤

فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنَا قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ وَكَفَرْنَا بِمَا كُنَّا بِهِ مُشْرِكِينَ  

{فلما رأوْا بأسنا} أي شدة عذابنا {قالوا آمنا بالله وحده وكفرنا بما كنا به مشركين}.
quran:40:85

But never did their faith benefit them once they saw Our punishment. ˹It is˺ the established way of Allah which has preceded among His servants. And the disbelievers thereupon lost ˹all˺.  

But their faith was of no benefit to them when they saw Our doom — ˹This is˺ God’s way (sunnata’Llāhi is in the accusative because it functions as a verbal noun from an implicit verb of the same expression) with the believers, among all communities, which is that faith is of no benefit to them once the chastisement has been sent down, which has its precdent; and it is thence that the disbelievers will be losers — ˹it is thence that˺ their status as losers will become apparent to all ˹of mankind˺, even though they will have always been losers before that. Meccan: it consists of 53 or 54 verses, revealed after ˹sūrat˺ Ghāfir.
القرآن:٤٠:٨٥

فَلَمْ يَكُ يَنْفَعُهُمْ إِيمَانُهُمْ لَمَّا رَأَوْا بَأْسَنَا ۖ سُنَّتَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي قَدْ خَلَتْ فِي عِبَادِهِ ۖ وَخَسِرَ هُنَالِكَ الْكَافِرُونَ  

{فلم يكُ ينفعهم إيمانهم لما رأوْا بأسنا سُنَّتَ الله} نصبه على المصدر بفعل مقدِّر من لفظه {التي قد خلت في عباده} في الأمم أن لا ينفعهم الإيمان وقت نزول العذاب {وخسر هنالك الكافرون} تبين خسرانهم لكل أحد وهم خاسرون في كل وقت قبل ذلك.