40. Sūrat Ghāfir

٤٠۔ سُورَةُ غَافِر

40.2 Furtive looks and the secret thoughts.

٤٠۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ غَافِر

quran:40:10

Indeed, those who disbelieve will be addressed, "The hatred of Allah for you was ˹even˺ greater than your hatred of yourselves ˹this Day in Hell˺ when you were invited to faith, but you refused."  

Indeed to those who disbelieve it will be proclaimed ˹to them˺, from the part of the angels, as they ˹disbelievers˺ enter the Fire in utter loathing of themselves: ‘Surely God’s loathing, of you, is greater than your loathing of yourselves, as you were called, ˹during life˺ in this world, to faith but you used to disbelieve’.
القرآن:٤٠:١٠

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا يُنَادَوْنَ لَمَقْتُ اللَّهِ أَكْبَرُ مِنْ مَقْتِكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِذْ تُدْعَوْنَ إِلَى الْإِيمَانِ فَتَكْفُرُونَ  

{إن الذين كفروا ينادوْن} من قبل الملائكة وهم يمقتون أنفسهم عند دخولهم النار {لمقت الله} إياكم {أكبر من مقتكم أنفسكم إذ تدعوْن} في الدنيا {إلى الإيمان فتكفرون}.
quran:40:11

They will say, "Our Lord, You made us lifeless twice and gave us life twice, and we have confessed our sins. So is there to an exit any way?"  

They will say, ‘Our Lord, You have caused us to die twice, two deaths, and You have given us life twice — for they were lifeless drops of semen, then they were given life, then made to die, then brought back to life for the Resurrection. We ˹now˺ confess our sins, in having disbelieved in the Resurrection. Is there then any way to go out?’, out of the Fire and return to the world to be obedient to our Lord? The answer given to them will be: No!
القرآن:٤٠:١١

قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَمَتَّنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ وَأَحْيَيْتَنَا اثْنَتَيْنِ فَاعْتَرَفْنَا بِذُنُوبِنَا فَهَلْ إِلَىٰ خُرُوجٍ مِنْ سَبِيلٍ  

{قالوا ربنا أمتَّنا اثنتين} إماتتين {وأحييتنا اثنتين} إحياءتين لأنهم نطفٌ أموات فأحيوا ثم أميتوا ثم أحيوا للبعث {فاعترفنا بذنوبنا} بكفرنا بالبعث {فهل إلى خروج} من النار والرجوع إلى الدنيا لنطيع ربنا {من سبيل} طريق وجوابهم: لا.
quran:40:12

˹They will be told˺, "That is because, when Allah was called upon alone, you disbelieved; but if others were associated with Him, you believed. So the judgement is with Allah, the Most High, the Grand."  

That, namely, the chastisement which you find yourselves in, is because, during ˹the life of˺ this world, when God was invoked alone, you would disbelieve, in His Oneness; but if partners were ascribed to Him, you would believe, you would accept such idolatry. So the judgement, to chastise you, belongs to God, the Exalted, above His creation, the Great, the Tremendous.
القرآن:٤٠:١٢

ذَٰلِكُمْ بِأَنَّهُ إِذَا دُعِيَ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ كَفَرْتُمْ ۖ وَإِنْ يُشْرَكْ بِهِ تُؤْمِنُوا ۚ فَالْحُكْمُ لِلَّهِ الْعَلِيِّ الْكَبِيرِ  

{ذلكم} أي العذاب أنتم فيه {بأنه} أي بسبب أنه في الدنيا {إذا دعي الله وحده كفرتم} بتوحيده {وإن يُشرَك به} يجعل له شريك {تؤمنوا} تصدقوا بالإشراك {فالحكم} في تعذيبكم {لله العليِّ} على خلقه {الكبير} العظيم.
quran:40:13

It is He who shows you His signs and sends down to you from the sky, provision. But none will remember except he who turns back ˹in repentance˺.  

He it is Who shows you His signs, the proofs of His Oneness, and sends down from the heaven for you provision, by way of rain. Yet no one remembers, ˹no one˺ is admonished, except him who returns penitently, ˹who˺ recants idolatry.
القرآن:٤٠:١٣

هُوَ الَّذِي يُرِيكُمْ آيَاتِهِ وَيُنَزِّلُ لَكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ رِزْقًا ۚ وَمَا يَتَذَكَّرُ إِلَّا مَنْ يُنِيبُ  

{هو الذي يريكم آياته} دلائل توحيده {وينزل لكم من السماء رزقا} بالمطر {وما يتذكر} يتعظ {إلا من ينيب} يرجع عن الشرك.
quran:40:14

So invoke Allah, ˹being˺ sincere to Him in religion, although the disbelievers dislike it.  

So supplicate God, worship Him, devoting ˹your˺ religion purely to Him, ˹free˺ from any idolatry, however much the disbelievers be averse, to its being free of such ˹idolatry˺.
القرآن:٤٠:١٤

فَادْعُوا اللَّهَ مُخْلِصِينَ لَهُ الدِّينَ وَلَوْ كَرِهَ الْكَافِرُونَ  

{فادعوا الله} اعبدوه {مخلصين له الدين} من الشرك {ولو كره الكافرون} إخلاصكم منه.
quran:40:15

˹He is˺ the Exalted above ˹all˺ degrees, Owner of the Throne; He places the inspiration of His command upon whom He wills of His servants to warn of the Day of Meeting.  

Exalter of ranks, ˹either means˺ that God is One Whose attributes are majestic — or ˹it means˺ the raiser of the ranks of believers in Paradise — Lord of the Throne, in other words, the Creator thereof, He casts the Spirit, the Revelation, of His command, that is, ˹of˺ His words, upon whomever He will of His servants, that he, the one upon whom it is cast, may warn them of, ˹that he may˺ make people fear, the Day of Encounter (read yawma’l-talāqi, omitting the ˹final long˺ yā’, or yawma’l-talāqī), that is to say, the Day of Resurrection, ˹so called˺ because thereat the inhabitants of the heavens will encounter those of the earth, and the worshipper ˹will encounter˺ the one whom he worshipped, and the wrongdoer ˹will encounter˺ the person whom he wronged;
القرآن:٤٠:١٥

رَفِيعُ الدَّرَجَاتِ ذُو الْعَرْشِ يُلْقِي الرُّوحَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ لِيُنْذِرَ يَوْمَ التَّلَاقِ  

{رفيع الدرجات} أي الله عظيم الصفات، أو رافع درجات المؤمنين في الجنة {ذو العرش} خالقه {يلقي الروح} الوحي {من أمره} أي قوله {على من يشاء من عباده لينذر} يخوَّف الملقى عليه الناس {يوم التلاق} بحذف الياء وإثباتها يوم القيامة لتلاقي أهل السماء والأرض، والعابد والمعبود، والظالم والمظلوم فيه.
quran:40:16

The Day they come forth nothing concerning them will be concealed from Allah. To whom belongs ˹all˺ sovereignty this Day? To Allah, the One, the Prevailing.  

the day when they will emerge, ˹the day˺ they will exit from their graves; nothing about them will be hidden from God. ‘To whom does Sovereignty belong today?’ — God, exalted be He, asks this and Himself responds — ‘To God, the One, the All-compelling!’, over His creatures.
القرآن:٤٠:١٦

يَوْمَ هُمْ بَارِزُونَ ۖ لَا يَخْفَىٰ عَلَى اللَّهِ مِنْهُمْ شَيْءٌ ۚ لِمَنِ الْمُلْكُ الْيَوْمَ ۖ لِلَّهِ الْوَاحِدِ الْقَهَّارِ  

{يوم هم بارزون} خارجون من قبورهم {لا يخفى على الله منهم شيءٌ لمن الملك اليوم} بقوله تعالى، ويجيب نفسه {لله الواحد القهار} أي لخلقه.
quran:40:17

This Day every soul will be recompensed for what it earned. No injustice today! Indeed, Allah is swift in account.  

Today every soul shall be requited for what it has earned; there will be no injustice today. Indeed God is swift at reckoning’, reckoning with all of creation in the space of half a day of the days of this world — a hadīth states this.
القرآن:٤٠:١٧

الْيَوْمَ تُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ ۚ لَا ظُلْمَ الْيَوْمَ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ سَرِيعُ الْحِسَابِ  

{اليوم تجزى كل نفس بما كسبت لا ظلم اليوم إن الله سريع الحساب} يحاسب جميع الخلق في قدر نصف نهار من أيام الدنيا لحديث بذلك.
quran:40:18

And warn them, ˹O Muhammad˺, of the Approaching Day, when hearts are at the throats, filled ˹with distress˺. For the wrongdoers there will be no devoted friend and no intercessor ˹who is˺ obeyed.  

And warn them of the Impending Day, namely, the Day of Resurrection (al-azifa, as in azifa al-rahīlu, ‘departure is very near’) when the hearts will, rising up in fear, reach the throats, choking with anguish, filled with ˹suppressed˺ anxiety (kāzimīna is a circumstantial qualifier referring to al-qulūbu, ‘the hearts’, which is qualified by the ˹active animate participle˺ plural ˹kāzimīna˺ and referred to as though they were the very individuals themselves). The evildoers will not have any intimate ˹friend˺, ˹any˺ sympathiser, nor any intercessor who might be heeded — the adjectival qualification ˹‘who might be heeded’˺ has no ˹literal˺ significance, for they do not have intercessors in the first place: So ˹now˺ we have no intercessors … ˹Q. 26:100˺. The first part, however, may ˹be said to˺ have significance if ˹understand˺ on the basis of their claim to have intercessors, and so, in other words, even if — hypothetically speaking — they ˹their intercessors˺ did intercede for them, they would not be heeded.
القرآن:٤٠:١٨

وَأَنْذِرْهُمْ يَوْمَ الْآزِفَةِ إِذِ الْقُلُوبُ لَدَى الْحَنَاجِرِ كَاظِمِينَ ۚ مَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ حَمِيمٍ وَلَا شَفِيعٍ يُطَاعُ  

(وأنذرهم يوم الآزفة) يوم القيامة من أزف الرحيل: قرب (إذ القلوب) ترتفع خوفا (لدى) عند (الحناجر كاظمين) ممتلئين غما حال من القلوب عوملت بالجمع بالياء والنون معاملة أصحابها (ما للظالمين من حميم) محب (ولا شفيع يطاع) لا مفهوم للوصف إذ لا شفيع لهم أصلا "" فما لنا من شافعين "" أوله مفهوم بناء على زعمهم أن لهم شفعاء، أي لو شفعوا فرضا لم يقبلوا.
quran:40:19

He knows that which deceives the eyes and what the breasts conceal.  

He, namely, God, knows the treachery of the eyes, when it steals a glance at what is prohibited ˹for it to look at˺, and what the breasts hide — ˹what˺ the hearts ˹hide˺.
القرآن:٤٠:١٩

يَعْلَمُ خَائِنَةَ الْأَعْيُنِ وَمَا تُخْفِي الصُّدُورُ  

{يعلم أي الله {خائنة الأعين} بمارقتها النظر إلى محرَّم {وما تخفي الصدور} القلوب.
quran:40:20

And Allah judges with truth, while those they invoke besides Him judge not with anything. Indeed, Allah - He is the Hearing, the Seeing.  

And God decrees with truth, while those on whom they call, whom they worship, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca (read yad‘ūna, ‘they call’, or tad‘ūna, ‘you call’) besides Him — and these are the idols — do not decree by any means ˹at all˺: so how can they be God’s associates? Truly God is the Hearer, of their sayings, the Seer, of their actions.
القرآن:٤٠:٢٠

وَاللَّهُ يَقْضِي بِالْحَقِّ ۖ وَالَّذِينَ يَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ لَا يَقْضُونَ بِشَيْءٍ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْبَصِيرُ  

{والله يقضي بالحق والذين يدعون} يعبدون، أي كفار مكة بالياء والتاء {من دونه} وهم الأصنام {لا يقضون بشيءٍ} فكيف يكونون شركاء لله {إن الله هو السميع} لأقوالهم {البصير} بأفعالهم.