23. Sūrat al-Muʾminūn (2/3)

٢٣۔ سُورَةُ المُؤمنون ص ٢

Qurʾān > Chapter 23
القرآن > كتاب ٢٣

The Believers (Meccan)

quran:23:51 –

˹Allah said˺, "O messengers, eat from the good foods and work righteousness. Indeed, I, of what you do, am Knowing.  

‘O messengers, eat of the good things, the lawful things, and perform righteous acts, such as obligatory and supererogatory ˹rituals˺. Surely I know what you do, and will requite you for it.
القرآن:٢٣:٥١ –

يَا أَيُّهَا الرُّسُلُ كُلُوا مِنَ الطَّيِّبَاتِ وَاعْمَلُوا صَالِحًا ۖ إِنِّي بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ عَلِيمٌ  

{يا أيها الرسل كلوا من الطيبات} الحلالات {واعلموا صالحاً} من فرض ونفل {إني بما تعملون عليم} فأجازيكم عليه.
quran:23:52 –

And indeed this, your religion, is one religion, and I am your Lord, so fear Me."  

And know, that this, creed of Islam, is your community, your religion, O you being addressed, that is, you must adhere to it as, one community — a necessary state ˹of affairs˺ (a variant reading ˹for anna, ‘that’˺ has the softened form ˹in˺; a variant has inna, ‘truly’, indicating the beginning of ˹an independent˺ new sentence) and I am your Lord, so fear Me’, so be fearful of Me.
القرآن:٢٣:٥٢ –

وَإِنَّ هَٰذِهِ أُمَّتُكُمْ أُمَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأَنَا رَبُّكُمْ فَاتَّقُونِ  

{و} اعلموا {إنَّ هذه} أي ملة الإسلام {أمتكم} دينكم أيها المخاطبون أي يجب أن تكونوا عليها {أمة واحدة} حال لازمة وفي قراءة بتخفيف النون وفي أخرى بكسرها مشددة استئنافا {وأنا ربكم فاتقون} فاحذرون.
quran:23:53 –

But the people divided their religion among them into sects - each faction, in what it has, rejoicing.  

But they, the followers, split into sects regarding their affair, their religion (zuburan, ‘sects’, is a circumstantial qualifier of the subject of the verb taqatta‘ū, ‘they split’), in other words, ˹they became˺ opposing parties, the likes of the Jews and the Christians and others, each party rejoicing in, exultant with, what they had, that is, with the religion they had.
القرآن:٢٣:٥٣ –

فَتَقَطَّعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ بَيْنَهُمْ زُبُرًا ۖ كُلُّ حِزْبٍ بِمَا لَدَيْهِمْ فَرِحُونَ  

{فتقطعوا} أي الأتباع {أمرهم} دينهم {بينهم زبرا} حال من فاعل تقطعوا أي أحزابا متخالفين كاليهود والنصارى وغيرهم {كل حزب بما لديهم} أي عندهم من الدين {فرحون} مسرورون.
quran:23:54 –

So leave them in their confusion for a time.  

So leave them, the disbelievers of Mecca, in their error, their misguidance, for a while, until they die.
القرآن:٢٣:٥٤ –

فَذَرْهُمْ فِي غَمْرَتِهِمْ حَتَّىٰ حِينٍ  

{فذرهم} اترك كفار مكة {في غمرتهم} ضلالتهم {حتى حين} إلى حين موتهم.
quran:23:55 –

Do they think that what We extend to them of wealth and children  

Do they suppose that in the wealth and children with which We provide them, in the life of this world,
القرآن:٢٣:٥٥ –

أَيَحْسَبُونَ أَنَّمَا نُمِدُّهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ مَالٍ وَبَنِينَ  

{أيحسبون أنما نمدهم به} نعطيهم {من مال وبنين} في الدنيا.
quran:23:56 –

Is ˹because˺ We hasten for them good things? Rather, they do not perceive.  

We are hastening to ˹provide˺ them with good things? No. Rather, they are not aware, that this is a way of gradually drawing them ˹into their punishment˺.
القرآن:٢٣:٥٦ –

نُسَارِعُ لَهُمْ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ ۚ بَلْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ  

{نسارع} نعجل {لهم في الخيرات} لا {بل لا يشعرون} أن ذلك استدراج لهم.
quran:23:57 –

Indeed, they who are apprehensive from fear of their Lord  

Surely those who, for fear of their Lord, are apprehensive, are fearful of His chastisement,
القرآن:٢٣:٥٧ –

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ هُمْ مِنْ خَشْيَةِ رَبِّهِمْ مُشْفِقُونَ  

{إن الذين هم من خشية ربهم} خوفهم منه {مشفقون} خائفون من عذابه.
quran:23:58 –

And they who believe in the signs of their Lord  

and who believe in, ˹who˺ accept the truth of, the signs of their Lord — the Qur’ān;
القرآن:٢٣:٥٨ –

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ بِآيَاتِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{والذين هم بآيات ربهم} القرآن {يؤمنون} يصدقون.
quran:23:59 –

And they who do not associate anything with their Lord  

and who do not associate others with their Lord,
القرآن:٢٣:٥٩ –

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ بِرَبِّهِمْ لَا يُشْرِكُونَ  

{والذين هم بربهم لا يشركون} معه غيره.
quran:23:60 –

And they who give what they give while their hearts are fearful because they will be returning to their Lord -  

and who give what they give, of voluntary alms and righteous deeds, while their hearts tremble ˹with awe˺, fearful lest it not be accepted from them, because (the particle lām, ‘for’, is taken as implied before annahum, ‘that they’) they are going to return to their Lord —
القرآن:٢٣:٦٠ –

وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْتُونَ مَا آتَوْا وَقُلُوبُهُمْ وَجِلَةٌ أَنَّهُمْ إِلَىٰ رَبِّهِمْ رَاجِعُونَ  

{والذين يؤتون} يعطون {ما آتوْا} أعطوا من الصدقة والأعمال الصالحة {وقلوبهم وجلة} خائفة أن لا تقبل منهم {أنهم} يقدر قبله لام الجر {إلى ربهم راجعون}.
quran:23:61 –

It is those who hasten to good deeds, and they outstrip ˹others˺ therein.  

those ˹are the ones who˺ hasten to ˹perform˺ good works, and they ˹are the ones who˺ shall come out ahead in them, according to God’s knowledge.
القرآن:٢٣:٦١ –

أُولَٰئِكَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَهُمْ لَهَا سَابِقُونَ  

{أولئك يسارعون في الخيرات وهم لها سابقون} في علم الله.
quran:23:62 –

And We charge no soul except ˹with that within˺ its capacity, and with Us is a record which speaks with truth; and they will not be wronged.  

And We do not task any soul beyond its capacity, what it can bear — thus he who is not able to pray standing, let him pray sitting down and he who is not able to fast, let him eat; and with Us is a Record that speaks the truth, regarding what it ˹a soul˺ has done — and this ˹Record˺ is the Preserved Tablet (al-lawh al-mahfūz), wherein deeds are written down; and they, namely, the souls in their acts, will not be wronged, in a single thing thereof, and so nothing is diminished of the reward for good deeds, nor is anything ˹extra˺ added to the evil deeds.
القرآن:٢٣:٦٢ –

وَلَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا ۖ وَلَدَيْنَا كِتَابٌ يَنْطِقُ بِالْحَقِّ ۚ وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ  

{ولا نكلف نفسا إلا وسعها} طاقتها فمن لم يستطع أن يصلي قائما فليصل جالسا، ومن لم يستطع أن يصوم فليأكل {ولدينا} عندنا {كتاب ينطق بالحق} بما عملته وهو واللوح المحفوظ تسطر فيه الأعمال {وهم} أي النفوس العاملة {لا يظلمون} شيئا منها فلا ينقص من ثواب أعمال الخيرات ولا يزاد في السيئات.
quran:23:63 –

But their hearts are covered with confusion over this, and they have ˹evil˺ deeds besides disbelief which they are doing,  

Nay, but their hearts, that is, ˹the hearts of˺ the disbelievers, are in ignorance of this, Qur’ān, and they have other deeds which they will perpetrate besides, the ones mentioned, against the believers, and they will therefore be chastised for them.
القرآن:٢٣:٦٣ –

بَلْ قُلُوبُهُمْ فِي غَمْرَةٍ مِنْ هَٰذَا وَلَهُمْ أَعْمَالٌ مِنْ دُونِ ذَٰلِكَ هُمْ لَهَا عَامِلُونَ  

{بل قلوبهم} أي الكفار {في غمره} جهالة {من هذا} القرآن {ولهم أعمال من دون ذلك} المذكور للمؤمنين {هم لها عاملون} فيعذبون عليها.
quran:23:64 –

Until when We seize their affluent ones with punishment, at once they are crying ˹to Allah˺ for help.  

Indeed (hattā is for inceptiveness) when We seize their affluent ones, their wealthy and their leaders, with chastisement, ˹with˺ the sword, on the day of Badr, behold! they are supplicating loudly, clamouring ˹in supplication˺. It is ˹then˺ said to them:
القرآن:٢٣:٦٤ –

حَتَّىٰ إِذَا أَخَذْنَا مُتْرَفِيهِمْ بِالْعَذَابِ إِذَا هُمْ يَجْأَرُونَ  

{حتى} ابتدائية {إذا أخذنا مترفيهم} أغنياءهم ورؤساءهم {بالعذاب} أي السيف يوم بدر {إذا هم يجأرون} يضجون يقال لهم.
quran:23:65 –

Do not cry out today. Indeed, by Us you will not be helped.  

‘Do not supplicate ˹out loud˺ on this day! Truly you will not receive help, you will not be protected, against Us.
القرآن:٢٣:٦٥ –

لَا تَجْأَرُوا الْيَوْمَ ۖ إِنَّكُمْ مِنَّا لَا تُنْصَرُونَ  

{لا تجأروا اليوم إنكم منا لا تنصرون} لا تمنعون.
quran:23:66 –

My verses had already been recited to you, but you were turning back on your heels  

Verily My signs, in the Qur’ān, used to be recited to you, but you used to take to your heels, falling back in retreat,
القرآن:٢٣:٦٦ –

قَدْ كَانَتْ آيَاتِي تُتْلَىٰ عَلَيْكُمْ فَكُنْتُمْ عَلَىٰ أَعْقَابِكُمْ تَنْكِصُونَ  

{قد كانت آياتي} من القرآن {تتلى عليكم فكنتم على إعقابكم تنكصون} ترجعون القهقرى.
quran:23:67 –

In arrogance regarding it, conversing by night, speaking evil.  

disdainful, of ˹embracing˺ faith, because of it, that is, because of the ˹Sacred˺ House or the ˹Meccan˺ Sanctuary and their being inhabitants thereof, secure, in contrast to ˹the situation with˺ all ˹other˺ peoples in their hometowns, while in ˹your˺ night sessions (sāmiran is a circumstantial qualifier,) in other words, they come together to converse at night around the ˹Sacred˺ House, you talked nonsense’ (˹if read as˺ tahjurūna, the third form ˹from hajara˺ means ˹while˺ ‘you disregarded’ the Qur’ān; ˹but if read˺ as the fourth form ˹tuhjirūna, from ahjara˺ it means ˹while˺ ‘you speak falsehood’ about the Prophet and the Qur’ān).
القرآن:٢٣:٦٧ –

مُسْتَكْبِرِينَ بِهِ سَامِرًا تَهْجُرُونَ  

{مستكبرين} عن الإيمان {به} أي بالبيت أو الحرم بأنهم أهله في أمن بخلاف سائر الناس في مواطنهم {سامرا} حال أي جماعة يتحدثون بالليل حول البيت {تهجرون} من الثلاثي تتركون القرآن، ومن الرباعي أي تقولن غير الحق في النبي والقرآن قال تعالى.
quran:23:68 –

Then have they not reflected over the Qur'an, or has there come to them that which had not come to their forefathers?  

God, exalted be He, says: Have they not contemplated (yaddabbarū should actually be yatadabbarū, but the tā’ has been assimilated with the dāl) the discourse, namely, the Qur’ān that is proof of the Prophet’s sincerity, or has there come upon them that which has not come upon their forefathers?
القرآن:٢٣:٦٨ –

أَفَلَمْ يَدَّبَّرُوا الْقَوْلَ أَمْ جَاءَهُمْ مَا لَمْ يَأْتِ آبَاءَهُمُ الْأَوَّلِينَ  

{أفلم يدَّبروا} أصله يتدبروا فأدغمت التاء في الدال {القول} أي القرآن الدال على صدق النبي {أم جاءهم ما لم يأت آباءهم الأولين}.
quran:23:69 –

Or did they not know their Messenger, so they are toward him disacknowledging?  

Or is it that they do not recognise their ˹own˺ Messenger and so they reject him?
القرآن:٢٣:٦٩ –

أَمْ لَمْ يَعْرِفُوا رَسُولَهُمْ فَهُمْ لَهُ مُنْكِرُونَ  

{أم لم يعرفوا رسولهم فهم له منكرون}.
quran:23:70 –

Or do they say, "In him is madness?" Rather, he brought them the truth, but most of them, to the truth, are averse.  

Or do they say, ‘There is a madness in him’? — this interrogative is meant as an affirmation of the truth of the Prophet’s sincerity, and ˹of the fact˺ that messengers did come to past communities, and ˹of the fact˺ that they ˹do indeed˺ recognise their Messenger to be truthful and trustworthy, and ˹of the fact˺ that there is no madness in him. Nay (bal is for transition), he has brought them the truth, namely, the Qur’ān that comprises ˹affirmations of˺ the Oneness ˹of God˺ and the Laws of Islam; but most of them are averse to the truth.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٠ –

أَمْ يَقُولُونَ بِهِ جِنَّةٌ ۚ بَلْ جَاءَهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ لِلْحَقِّ كَارِهُونَ  

{أم يقولون به جنَّة} الاستفهام للتقرير بالحق من صدق النبيّ ومجيء الرسل للأمم الماضية ومعرفة رسولهم بالصدق والأمانة وأن لا جنون به {بل} للانتقال {جاءهم بالحق} أي القرآن المشتمل على التوحيد وشرائع الإسلام {وأكثرهم للحق كارهون}.
quran:23:71 –

But if the Truth had followed their inclinations, the heavens and the earth and whoever is in them would have been ruined. Rather, We have brought them their message, but they, from their message, are turning away.  

And if the truth, namely, the Qur’ān, had followed their desires, and come to them with ˹mention of˺ what they fancied in the way of God having a partner and a child, may God be exalted above such ˹associations˺, indeed the heavens and the earth and whoever is in them would have been corrupted, they ˹the heavens and the earth˺ would have deviated from their observed order, because contradictions would ensue, as is usually the case, when there is more than one ruler. Nay, We have brought them their Remembrance, namely, the Qur’ān, in which they are remembered and honoured, but they are disregardful of their ˹own˺ Remembrance.
القرآن:٢٣:٧١ –

وَلَوِ اتَّبَعَ الْحَقُّ أَهْوَاءَهُمْ لَفَسَدَتِ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهِنَّ ۚ بَلْ أَتَيْنَاهُمْ بِذِكْرِهِمْ فَهُمْ عَنْ ذِكْرِهِمْ مُعْرِضُونَ  

{ولو اتبع الحق} أي القرآن {أهواءهم} بأن جاء بما يهوونه من الشريك والولد لله، تعالى الله عن ذلك: {لفسدت السماوات والأرض ومن فيهن} خرجت عن نظامها المشاهد لوجود التمانع في الشيء عادة عند تعدد الحاكم {بل أتيناهم بذكرهم} أي القرآن الذي فيه ذكرهم وشرفهم {فهم عن ذكرهم معرضون}.
quran:23:72 –

Or do you, ˹O Muhammad˺, ask them for payment? But the reward of your Lord is best, and He is the best of providers.  

Or do you ask them for any recompense?, any remuneration, in return for the faith that you have brought them? Yet the recompense of your Lord is, His remuneration, His reward and His provision ˹are˺, better (one reading has kharjan, ‘recompense’, in both instances ˹sc. kharjan fa-kharju˺; another has kharājan in both ˹sc. kharājan fa-kharāju˺) and He is the best of providers, the best of givers and remunerators.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٢ –

أَمْ تَسْأَلُهُمْ خَرْجًا فَخَرَاجُ رَبِّكَ خَيْرٌ ۖ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ  

{أم تسألهم خرجا} أجرا على ما جئتهم به من الإيمان {فخراج ربك} أجره وثوابه ورزقه {خير} وفي قراءة خرجا في الموضعين وفي قراءة أخرى خراجا فيهما {وهو خير الرازقين} أفضل من أعطى وآجر.
quran:23:73 –

And indeed, you invite them to a straight path.  

And truly you summon them to a straight path, a ˹straight˺ route, that is, the religion of Islam.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٣ –

وَإِنَّكَ لَتَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ  

{وإنك لتدعوهم إلى صراط} طريق {مستقيم} أي دين الإسلام.
quran:23:74 –

But indeed, those who do not believe in the Hereafter are deviating from the path.  

And truly those who do not believe in the Hereafter, in resurrection, reward and punishment, deviate, swerve away, from the path, that is, the route ˹to salvation˺.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٤ –

وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْآخِرَةِ عَنِ الصِّرَاطِ لَنَاكِبُونَ  

{وإن الذين لا يؤمنون بالآخرة} بالبعث والثواب والعقاب {عن الصراط} أي الطريق {لناكبون} عادلون.
quran:23:75 –

And even if We gave them mercy and removed what was upon them of affliction, they would persist in their transgression, wandering blindly.  

And had We shown them mercy and relieved them of the harm afflicting them — the famine that befell them in Mecca for seven years — they would surely persist in their insolence, ˹in˺ their error, bewildered, hesitating.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٥ –

وَلَوْ رَحِمْنَاهُمْ وَكَشَفْنَا مَا بِهِمْ مِنْ ضُرٍّ لَلَجُّوا فِي طُغْيَانِهِمْ يَعْمَهُونَ  

{ولو رحمناهم وكشفنا ما بهم من ضر} أي جوع أصابهم بمكة سبع سنين {للجوا} تمادوا {في طغيانهم} ضلالتهم {يعمهون} يترددون.
quran:23:76 –

And We had gripped them with suffering ˹as a warning˺, but they did not yield to their Lord, nor did they humbly supplicate, ˹and will continue thus˺  

And We have already seized them with chastisement, ˹with˺ hunger, yet they did not humble themselves to their Lord, nor did they devote themselves to prayer, ˹nor˺ did they seek ˹the pleasure of˺ God through supplication.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٦ –

وَلَقَدْ أَخَذْنَاهُمْ بِالْعَذَابِ فَمَا اسْتَكَانُوا لِرَبِّهِمْ وَمَا يَتَضَرَّعُونَ  

{ولقد أخذناهم بالعذاب} الجوع {فما استكانوا} تواضعوا {لربهم وما يتضرعون} يرغبون إلى الله بالدعاء.
quran:23:77 –

Until when We have opened before them a door of severe punishment, immediately they will be therein in despair.  

Until (hattā is for inceptiveness), when We opened on them the gate of a severe chastisement, namely, the day of Badr, slaying ˹them˺, behold! they are aghast thereat, despairing of anything good.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٧ –

حَتَّىٰ إِذَا فَتَحْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بَابًا ذَا عَذَابٍ شَدِيدٍ إِذَا هُمْ فِيهِ مُبْلِسُونَ  

{حتى} ابتدائية {إذا فتحنا عليهم بابا ذا} صاحب {عذاب شديد} هو يوم بدر بالقتل {إذا هم فيه مبلسون} آيسون من كل خير.
quran:23:78 –

And it is He who produced for you hearing and vision and hearts; little are you grateful.  

And He it is Who made, created, for you hearing, meaning, ears, and eyes and hearts. Little thanks do you show (qalīlan mā: mā emphasises the paucity ˹of the thanks˺).
القرآن:٢٣:٧٨ –

وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَنْشَأَ لَكُمُ السَّمْعَ وَالْأَبْصَارَ وَالْأَفْئِدَةَ ۚ قَلِيلًا مَا تَشْكُرُونَ  

{وهو الذي أنشأ} خلق {لكم السمع} بمعنى الأسماع {والأبصار والأفئدة} القلوب {قليلاً ما} تأكيد للقلة {تشكرون}.
quran:23:79 –

And it is He who has multiplied you throughout the earth, and to Him you will be gathered.  

And He it is Who dispersed, created, you on earth, and to Him you shall be gathered, resurrected.
القرآن:٢٣:٧٩ –

وَهُوَ الَّذِي ذَرَأَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ وَإِلَيْهِ تُحْشَرُونَ  

{وهو الذي ذرأكم} خلقكم {في الأرض وإليه تحشرون} تبعثون.
quran:23:80 –

And it is He who gives life and causes death, and His is the alternation of the night and the day. Then will you not reason?  

And He it is Who gives life, by breathing the Spirit into the embryo (mudgha), and brings death, and due to Him is the alternation of night and day, in darkness and brightness, ˹and through˺ increase and diminution. Will you not then comprehend?, His handiwork, exalted be He, and so reflect?
القرآن:٢٣:٨٠ –

وَهُوَ الَّذِي يُحْيِي وَيُمِيتُ وَلَهُ اخْتِلَافُ اللَّيْلِ وَالنَّهَارِ ۚ أَفَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ  

{وهو الذي يحيى} بنفخ الروح في المضغة {ويميت وله اختلاف الليل والنهار} بالسواد والبياض والزيادة والنقصان {أفلا تعقلون} صنعه تعالى فتعتبرون.
quran:23:81 –

Rather, they say like what the former peoples said.  

Nay, but they say the like of what the ancients said.
القرآن:٢٣:٨١ –

بَلْ قَالُوا مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ الْأَوَّلُونَ  

{بل قالوا مثل ما قال الأولون}.
quran:23:82 –

They said, "When we have died and become dust and bones, are we indeed to be resurrected?  

They, the ancients, said, ‘What, when we are dead and have become dust and bones, shall we then be raised? No! (the two hamzas in each of the two instances are either pronounced fully, or with the second one not pronounced, but with an alif inserted between the two ˹hamzas˺ in both ˹readings˺).
القرآن:٢٣:٨٢ –

قَالُوا أَإِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَإِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ  

{قالوا} أي الأولون {أئذا متنا وكنا ترابا وعظاما أئنا لمبعوثون} لا وفي الهمزتين في الموضعين التحقيق وتسهيل الثانية وإدخال ألف بينهما على الوجهين.
quran:23:83 –

We have been promised this, we and our forefathers, before; this is not but legends of the former peoples."  

Already We and our fathers have been promised this, resurrection after death, before: these are nothing but the fables, the lies, of the ancients’, ˹mere˺ jokes and strange tales (asātīr, the plural of ustūra).
القرآن:٢٣:٨٣ –

لَقَدْ وُعِدْنَا نَحْنُ وَآبَاؤُنَا هَٰذَا مِنْ قَبْلُ إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا أَسَاطِيرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ  

{لقد وعدنا نحن وآباؤنا هذا} أي البعث بعد الموت {من قبل إن} ما {هذا إلا أساطير} أكاذيب {الأولين} كالأضاحيك والأعاجيب جمع أسطورة بالضم.
quran:23:84 –

Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "To whom belongs the earth and whoever is in it, if you should know?"  

Say, to them: ‘To whom does the earth and whoever is in it, of creatures, belong, if you ˹truly˺ knew?’, their Creator and Owner.
القرآن:٢٣:٨٤ –

قُلْ لِمَنِ الْأَرْضُ وَمَنْ فِيهَا إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ  

{قل} لهم {لمن الأرض ومن فيها} من الخلق {إن كنتم تعلمون} خالقها ومالكها.
quran:23:85 –

They will say, "To Allah." Say, "Then will you not remember?"  

They will say, ‘To God’. Say, to them: ‘Will you not then remember?’ (tadhakkarūna, the second tā’ ˹of tatadhakkarūna˺ has been assimilated with the dhāl) will you ˹not then˺ be admonished and so realise that the One Who has the power to originate creation also has the power to resurrect after death?
القرآن:٢٣:٨٥ –

سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَذَكَّرُونَ  

{سيقولون لله قل} لهم {أفلا تذَّكرون} بإدغام التاء الثانية في الذال تتعظون فتعلمون أن القادر على الخلق ابتداء قادر على الإحياء بعد الموت.
quran:23:86 –

Say, "Who is Lord of the seven heavens and Lord of the Great Throne?"  

Say: ‘Who is the Lord of the seven heavens and the Lord of the Great Throne?’, that is, the throne (kursī).
القرآن:٢٣:٨٦ –

قُلْ مَنْ رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ السَّبْعِ وَرَبُّ الْعَرْشِ الْعَظِيمِ  

{قل من رب السماوات السبع ورب العرش العظيم} الكرسي.
quran:23:87 –

They will say, "˹They belong˺ to Allah." Say, "Then will you not fear Him?"  

They will say, ‘God’. Say: ‘Will you not then be God-fearing?’, will you then ˹not˺ be wary of worshipping ˹things˺ other than Him?
القرآن:٢٣:٨٧ –

سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ  

{سيقولون الله قل أفلا تتقون} تحذرون عبادة غيره.
quran:23:88 –

Say, "In whose hand is the realm of all things - and He protects while none can protect against Him - if you should know?"  

Say: ‘In whose hand is the dominion, the possession, of all things (the ˹final˺ tā’ ˹in malakūt˺ is hyperbolic), and who protects, while from Him there is no protection, if you know?’
القرآن:٢٣:٨٨ –

قُلْ مَنْ بِيَدِهِ مَلَكُوتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُوَ يُجِيرُ وَلَا يُجَارُ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ  

{قل من بيده ملكوت} ملك {كل شيء} والتاء للمبالغة {وهو يُجير ولا يُجار عليه} يَحمي ولا يُحمى عليه {إن كنتم تعلمون}.
quran:23:89 –

They will say, "˹All belongs˺ to Allah." Say, "Then how are you deluded?"  

They will say, ‘God.’ (a variant reading ˹for Allāh, ‘God’˺ in both instances ˹verses 87 and 89˺ has li’Llāh, ‘to God’, which is in keeping with the sense of ‘to whom belongs what has been mentioned?’). Say: ‘How then are you bewitched?’, ˹how then˺ are you duped and turned away from the truth, the worship of God alone, in other words, ‘How do you envisage ˹all˺ this to be invalid?’.
القرآن:٢٣:٨٩ –

سَيَقُولُونَ لِلَّهِ ۚ قُلْ فَأَنَّىٰ تُسْحَرُونَ  

{سيقولون لله} وفي قراءة بلام الجر في الموضعين نظرا إلى أن المعنى من له ما ذكر {قل فأنى تسحرون} تخدعون وتصرفون عن الحق عبادة الله وحده أي كيف تخيل لكم أنه باطل.
quran:23:90 –

Rather, We have brought them the truth, and indeed they are liars.  

Nay, but We have brought them the truth, veracity, and they are indeed liars, in rejecting it, namely ˹the truth of the following˺:
القرآن:٢٣:٩٠ –

بَلْ أَتَيْنَاهُمْ بِالْحَقِّ وَإِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ  

{بل آتيناهم بالحق} بالصدق {وإنهم لكذبون} في نفيه وهو.
quran:23:91 –

Allah has not taken any son, nor has there ever been with Him any deity. ˹If there had been˺, then each deity would have taken what it created, and some of them would have sought to overcome others. Exalted is Allah above what they describe ˹concerning Him˺.  

God has not taken any son, nor is there any god along with Him; for then, that is, if there were a god along with Him, each god would have taken away what he created, he would have made it exclusively his and prevented the other ˹god˺ from having any mastery over it; and some of them would surely rise up against others, in challenge, just as the kings of this world are wont to do. Glorified be God — an exaltation of Him — above what they ascribe, to Him, of what has been mentioned.
القرآن:٢٣:٩١ –

مَا اتَّخَذَ اللَّهُ مِنْ وَلَدٍ وَمَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ إِلَٰهٍ ۚ إِذًا لَذَهَبَ كُلُّ إِلَٰهٍ بِمَا خَلَقَ وَلَعَلَا بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ ۚ سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ عَمَّا يَصِفُونَ  

{ما اتخذ الله من ولد وما كان معه من إله إذاً} أي لو كان معه إله {لذهب كل إله بما خلق} انفرد به ومنع الآخر من الاستيلاء عليه {ولعلا بعضهم على بعض} مغالبة كفعل ملوك الدنيا {سبحان الله} تنزيهاً له {عما يصفونـ} ـه به مما ذكر.
quran:23:92 –

˹He is˺ Knower of the unseen and the witnessed, so high is He above what they associate ˹with Him˺.  

Knower of the Unseen and the visible, what is hidden and what is observed (˹if˺ read in the genitive ˹‘ālimi’lghaybi, ‘Knower of the Unseen’˺, this is an adjectival qualification; ˹if˺ in the nominative ˹‘ālimu’l-ghaybi, ‘the Knower of the Unseen˺, this would be the predicate of an implied ˹preceding˺ huwa, ‘He is’) and exalted, magnified, be He above what they associate!, with Him ˹of partners˺.
القرآن:٢٣:٩٢ –

عَالِمِ الْغَيْبِ وَالشَّهَادَةِ فَتَعَالَىٰ عَمَّا يُشْرِكُونَ  

{عالم الغيب والشهادة} ما غاب وما شوهد بالجر صفة والرفع خبر هو مقدرا {فتعالى} تعظم {عما يشركونـ} ـه معه.
quran:23:93 –

Say, ˹O Muhammad˺, "My Lord, if You should show me that which they are promised,  

Say: ‘My Lord! If (immā, this contains an assimilation of the conditional particle in with the extra mā) You should show me what they are promised, in the way of chastisement, that it is true, by their being slain at Badr,
القرآن:٢٣:٩٣ –

قُلْ رَبِّ إِمَّا تُرِيَنِّي مَا يُوعَدُونَ  

{قل رب إما} فيه إدغام إن الشرطية في الزائدة {ترينّي ما يوعدونـ} ـه من العذاب هو صادق بالقتل ببدر.
quran:23:94 –

My Lord, then do not place me among the wrongdoing people."  

my Lord, then do no put me among the evildoing folk’, lest I be destroyed when they are destroyed.
القرآن:٢٣:٩٤ –

رَبِّ فَلَا تَجْعَلْنِي فِي الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ  

{رب فلا تجعلني في القوم الظالمين} فأهلك بإهلاكهم.
quran:23:95 –

And indeed, We are able to show you what We have promised them.  

And truly We are able to show you what We promise them.
القرآن:٢٣:٩٥ –

وَإِنَّا عَلَىٰ أَنْ نُرِيَكَ مَا نَعِدُهُمْ لَقَادِرُونَ  

{وإنا على أن نريك ما نعدهم لقادرون}.
quran:23:96 –

Repel, by ˹means of˺ what is best, ˹their˺ evil. We are most knowing of what they describe.  

Ward off with that which is better, that is to say, with the ˹better˺ trait of pardoning and shunning them, the evil ˹act˺, the hurt they cause you — this was ˹revealed˺ before the command to fight ˹them˺. We know best what they allege, ˹what˺ they invent of lies and ˹what they˺ say and so We will requite them for it.
القرآن:٢٣:٩٦ –

ادْفَعْ بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ السَّيِّئَةَ ۚ نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا يَصِفُونَ  

{أدفع بالتي هي أحسن} أي الخصلة من الصفح والإعراض عنهم {السيئة} أذاهم إياك وهذا قبل الأمر بالقتال {نحن أعلم بما يصفون} يكذبون ويقولون فنجازيهم عليه.
quran:23:97 –

And say, "My Lord, I seek refuge in You from the incitements of the devils,  

And say: ‘My Lord, I seek protection in You from the promptings of devils, ˹from˺ their ˹evil˺ suggestions, which they whisper.
القرآن:٢٣:٩٧ –

وَقُلْ رَبِّ أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ هَمَزَاتِ الشَّيَاطِينِ  

{وقل رب أعوذ} أعتصم {بك من همزات الشياطين} نزعاتهم بما يوسوسون به.
quran:23:98 –

And I seek refuge in You, my Lord, lest they be present with me."  

And I seek protection in You, my Lord, lest they visit me’, in any of my affairs, for they only visit to bring ill.
القرآن:٢٣:٩٨ –

وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ رَبِّ أَنْ يَحْضُرُونِ  

{وأعوز بك رب أن يحضرون} في أموري لأنهم إنما يحضرون بسوء.
quran:23:99 –

˹For such is the state of the disbelievers˺, until, when death comes to one of them, he says, "My Lord, send me back  

Until (hattā is for inceptiveness) when death comes to one of them, and he sees his place in the Fire and his ˹would-be˺ place in Paradise, had he been a believer, he says, ‘My Lord! Send me back (arji‘ūn, the plural ˹person˺ is ˹used˺ to indicate the gravity ˹of the plea˺),
القرآن:٢٣:٩٩ –

حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَاءَ أَحَدَهُمُ الْمَوْتُ قَالَ رَبِّ ارْجِعُونِ  

{حتى} ابتدائية {إذا جاء أحدهم الموت} ورأى مقعده من النار ومقعده من الجنة لو آمن {قال رب ارجعون} الجمع للتعظيم.
quran:23:100 –

That I might do righteousness in that which I left behind." No! It is only a word he is saying; and behind them is a barrier until the Day they are resurrected.  

that I might act righteously, by witnessing that ‘there is no god but God’, that this might be, in that which I have left behind’, ˹in what˺ I have wasted of my life, in other words ˹that this affirmation might be˺ in its place. God, exalted be He, says: By no means!, that is, there shall be no return. It, namely, ˹the statement˺ ‘My Lord! Send me back’, is merely a word that he speaks, but ˹a word˺ in which there is no benefit for him; and behind them, ahead of them, there is a barrier, which prevents them from going back ˹to this world˺, until the day when they are raised, after which ˹day˺ there will be no more return.
القرآن:٢٣:١٠٠ –

لَعَلِّي أَعْمَلُ صَالِحًا فِيمَا تَرَكْتُ ۚ كَلَّا ۚ إِنَّهَا كَلِمَةٌ هُوَ قَائِلُهَا ۖ وَمِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ بَرْزَخٌ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ  

{لعلي أعمل صالحا} بأن أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله يكون {فيما تركت} ضيعت من عمري أي في مقابلته قال تعال: {كلا} أي لا رجوع {إنها} أي رب ارجعون {كلمة هو قائلها} ولا فائدة له فيها {ومن ورائهم} أمامهم {برزخ} حاجز يصدهم عن الرجوع {إلى يوم يبعثون} ولا رجوع بعده.