23. Sūrat al-Muʾminūn

٢٣۔ سُورَةُ المُؤمنون

23.1 Characteristics of true believers.

٢٣۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ المُؤمنون

quran:23:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Certainly will the believers have succeeded:  

Indeed (qad is for confirmation) prosperous, victorious, are the believers,
القرآن:٢٣:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ  

{قد} للتحقيق {أفلح} فاز {المؤمنون}.
quran:23:2

They who are during their prayer humbly submissive  

those who in their prayers are humble,
القرآن:٢٣:٢

الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ  

{الذين هم في صلاتهم خاشعون} متواضعون.
quran:23:3

And they who turn away from ill speech  

and who shun vain talk, and other ˹nonsense˺,
القرآن:٢٣:٣

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَنِ اللَّغْوِ مُعْرِضُونَ  

{والذين هم عن اللَّغو} من الكلام وغيره {معُرضون}.
quran:23:4

And they who are observant of zakah  

and who fulfil payment of alms,
القرآن:٢٣:٤

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِلزَّكَاةِ فَاعِلُونَ  

{والذين هم للزكاة فاعلون} مؤدون.
quran:23:5

And they who guard their private parts  

and who guard their private parts, against what is unlawful,
القرآن:٢٣:٥

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِفُرُوجِهِمْ حَافِظُونَ  

{والذين هم لفروجهم حافظون} عن الحرام.
quran:23:6

Except from their wives or those their right hands possess, for indeed, they will not be blamed -  

except from their spouses, that is, to their spouses, and what ˹slaves˺ their right hands possess, that is, concubines, for then they are not blameworthy, in having sexual intercourse with them.
القرآن:٢٣:٦

إِلَّا عَلَىٰ أَزْوَاجِهِمْ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ غَيْرُ مَلُومِينَ  

{إلا على أزواجهم} أي زوجاتهم {أو ما ملكت أيمانهم} أي السراري {فإنهم غير ملومين} في إتيانه.
quran:23:7

But whoever seeks beyond that, then those are the transgressors -  

But whoever seeks ˹anything˺ beyond that, ˹intercourse with˺ wives and concubines, such as masturbation: those, they are transgressors, who have overstepped ˹the bounds˺ into what is not lawful for them.
القرآن:٢٣:٧

فَمَنِ ابْتَغَىٰ وَرَاءَ ذَٰلِكَ فَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْعَادُونَ  

{فمن ابتغى وراء ذلك} من الزوجات والسراري كالاستمناء باليد في إتيانهنَّ {فأولئك هم العادون} المتجاوزون إلى ما لا يحل لهم.
quran:23:8

And they who are to their trusts and their promises attentive  

And who are keepers of their trusts (may be read as plural, amānātihim, ‘their trusts’, or singular, amānatihim, ‘their trust’) and covenants, ˹made˺ between them, or between them and God, such as ˹the observance of˺ prayer and so on.
القرآن:٢٣:٨

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ لِأَمَانَاتِهِمْ وَعَهْدِهِمْ رَاعُونَ  

{والذين هم لأمانتهم} جمعاً ومفرداً {وعهدهم} فيما بينهم أو فيما بينهم وبين الله من صلاة وغيرها {راعون} حافظون.
quran:23:9

And they who carefully maintain their prayers -  

And who are watchful of their prayers (may be read as plural, salawātihim, ‘their prayers’, or singular, salātihim, ‘their prayer’) observing them at their appointed times.
القرآن:٢٣:٩

وَالَّذِينَ هُمْ عَلَىٰ صَلَوَاتِهِمْ يُحَافِظُونَ  

{والذين هم على صلواتهم} جمعاً ومفرداً {يحافظون} يقيمونها في أوقاتها.
quran:23:10

Those are the inheritors  

Those, they are the inheritors, and none other than them,
القرآن:٢٣:١٠

أُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْوَارِثُونَ  

{أولئك هم الوارثون} لا غيرهم.
quran:23:11

Who will inherit al-Firdaus. They will abide therein eternally.  

who shall inherit Paradise (al-firdaws), the name of a garden, the highest of the gardens of Heaven — wherein they will abide; herein is an allusion to the Return ˹in the Hereafter˺ and so it is fitting that the Beginning ˹of creation˺ should be mentioned next:
القرآن:٢٣:١١

الَّذِينَ يَرِثُونَ الْفِرْدَوْسَ هُمْ فِيهَا خَالِدُونَ  

{الذين يرثون الفردوس} هو جنة أعلى الجنان {هم فيها خالدون} في ذلك إشارة إلى المعاد ويناسبه ذكر المبتدأ بعده.