23. Sūrat al-Muʾminūn

٢٣۔ سُورَةُ المُؤمنون

Qurʾān > Chapter 23 > Section 4
القرآن > كتاب ٢٣ > باب ٤

23.4 The Prophet Noah was sent to guide his people, they disbelieved him, and as a result, God drowned all disbelievers in great flood.

٢٣۔٤ مقطع في سُورَةُ المُؤمنون

quran:23:23 –

And We had certainly sent Noah to his people, and he said, "O my people, worship Allah; you have no deity other than Him; then will you not fear Him?"  

And verily We sent Noah to his people, and he said, ‘O my people, worship God, obey God and affirm His Oneness. You have no ˹other˺ god besides Him (ghayruhu is the subject of mā, ‘no’; the preceding ˹min ilāhin, ‘god’˺ is the predicate, the min being extra). Will you not then fear?’ His punishment in worshipping ˹gods˺ other than Him?
القرآن:٢٣:٢٣ –

وَلَقَدْ أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَىٰ قَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ يَا قَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ مَا لَكُمْ مِنْ إِلَٰهٍ غَيْرُهُ ۖ أَفَلَا تَتَّقُونَ  

{ولقد أرسلنا نوحاً إلى قومه فقال يا قوم اعبدوا الله} أطيعوا الله ووحدوه {مالكم من إله غيره} وهو اسم ما، وما قبله الخبر، ومن زائدة {أفلا تتقون} تخافون عقوبته بعبادتكم غيره.
quran:23:24 –

But the eminent among those who disbelieved from his people said, "This is not but a man like yourselves who wishes to take precedence over you; and if Allah had willed ˹to send a messenger˺, He would have sent down angels. We have not heard of this among our forefathers.  

But the council of his people, who disbelieved, said, to their followers, ‘This is just a human being like you who desires to gain superiority, to have the honour, over you, by acquiring followers, you being ˹his˺ followers. And had God willed, that none other than Him be worshipped, He would have sent down angels, with that ˹Message˺, and not ˹assigned˺ a human being ˹for it˺. We never heard of such, an affirmation of God’s Oneness as that which Noah summons ˹us˺, among our forefathers, ˹among˺ past communities.
القرآن:٢٣:٢٤ –

فَقَالَ الْمَلَأُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مَا هَٰذَا إِلَّا بَشَرٌ مِثْلُكُمْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَتَفَضَّلَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَلَوْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ لَأَنْزَلَ مَلَائِكَةً مَا سَمِعْنَا بِهَٰذَا فِي آبَائِنَا الْأَوَّلِينَ  

{فقال الملأ الذين كفروا من قومه} لأتباعهم {ما هذا إلا بشرٌ مثلكم يريد أن يتفضَّل} يتشرف {عليكم} بأن يكون متبوعاً وأنتم أتباعه {ولو شاء الله} أن لا يعبد غيره {لأنزل ملائكة} بذلك لا بشراً {ما سمعنا بهذا} الذي دعا إليه نوح من التوحيد {في آبائنا الأولين} الأمم الماضية.
quran:23:25 –

He is not but a man possessed with madness, so wait concerning him for a time."  

He, Noah, is just a man possessed by madness, a case of dementia. So bear with him for a while’, until he dies.
القرآن:٢٣:٢٥ –

إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا رَجُلٌ بِهِ جِنَّةٌ فَتَرَبَّصُوا بِهِ حَتَّىٰ حِينٍ  

{إن هو} ما نوح {إلا رجل به جِنَّةٌ} حالة جنون {فتربَّصوا به} انتظروا {حتى حين} إلى زمن موته.
quran:23:26 –

˹Noah˺ said, "My Lord, support me because they have denied me."  

He, Noah, said, ‘My Lord, help me, against them, because they deny me’, because of their denial of me, by destroying them. God, exalted be He, says, responding to his supplication:
القرآن:٢٣:٢٦ –

قَالَ رَبِّ انْصُرْنِي بِمَا كَذَّبُونِ  

{قال} نوح {ربَّ انصرني} عليهم {بما كذَّبونِ} بسبب تكذيبهم إياي بأن تهلكهم قال تعالى مجيباً دعاءه.
quran:23:27 –

So We inspired to him, "Construct the ship under Our observation, and Our inspiration, and when Our command comes and the oven overflows, put into the ship from each ˹creature˺ two mates and your family, except those for whom the decree ˹of destruction˺ has proceeded. And do not address Me concerning those who have wronged; indeed, they are to be drowned.  

So We revealed to him ˹saying˺, ‘Build the Ark, the ship, under Our watch, under Our observation and protection, and ˹by˺ Our revelation, Our command. Then, when Our command comes, that they be destroyed, and the oven, of the baker, gushes, with water — and this was Noah’s sign — bring into it, admit into the ship, of every kind ˹of animal˺ two mates, a male and a female, that is, ˹two˺ of every species thereof (ithnayn is an object; min, ‘of’, is semantically connected to usluk, ‘bring into ˹it˺’). According to the story God, exalted be He, gathered all the beasts of prey and the birds and other ˹animals˺ for Noah. As he ˹Noah˺ pushed forth his hands into each species, his right hand would fall upon a male and the left upon a female, whereafter he would take them on board the ship (a variant reading ˹for min kuli, ‘of every’˺ is min kullin, ‘of every ˹kind˺’, in which case zawjayni, ‘˹two˺ mates’, becomes a direct object, with ithnayn, ‘two’, ˹being repeated˺ for emphasis thereof); together with your family — his wife ˹?˺ and children — except for those against whom the Word has already gone forth, that they be destroyed, namely, his wife and his son Canaan (Kan‘ān), unlike Shem (Sām), Ham (Hām) and Japheth (Yāfith) whom, together with their three wives, he carried on board. In sūrat Hūd ˹the following is mentioned where Noah is told who he should carry in the ship˺: ‘… and those who believe.’ And none believed with him except a few ˹Q. 11:40˺. It is said that these were six men and their wives. Moreover it is said that all those who were on the ship numbered seventy eight, half of them were men and half were women. And do not plead with Me concerning those who have done wrong, those who have disbelieved, that I should refrain from destroying them. They shall indeed be drowned.
القرآن:٢٣:٢٧ –

فَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِ أَنِ اصْنَعِ الْفُلْكَ بِأَعْيُنِنَا وَوَحْيِنَا فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَمْرُنَا وَفَارَ التَّنُّورُ ۙ فَاسْلُكْ فِيهَا مِنْ كُلٍّ زَوْجَيْنِ اثْنَيْنِ وَأَهْلَكَ إِلَّا مَنْ سَبَقَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْلُ مِنْهُمْ ۖ وَلَا تُخَاطِبْنِي فِي الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا ۖ إِنَّهُمْ مُغْرَقُونَ  

{فأوحينا إليه أن اصنع الفلك} السفينة {بأعيننا} برأي منا وحفظنا {ووحينا} أمرنا {فإذا جاء أمرنا} بإهلاكهم {وفار التنور} للخباز بالماء وكان ذلك علامة لنوح {فاسلك فيها} أي أدخِلْ في السفينة {من كلِ زوجين} ذكر وأنثى، أي من كل أنواعهما {اثنين} ذكراً وأنثى وهو مفعول ومن متعلقة باسلك، ففي القصة أن الله تعالى حشر لنوح السباع والطير وغيرهما، فجعل يضرب بيديه في كل نوع فتقع يده اليمنى على الذكر واليسرى على الأنثى فيحملهما في السفينة، وفي قراءة كلِ بالتنوين فزوجين مفعول واثنين تأكيد له {وأهلك} زوجته وأولاده {إلا من سبق عليه القول منهم} بالإهلاك وهو زوجته وولده كنعان بخلاف سام وحام ويافث فحملهم وزوجاتهم ثلاثة، وفي سورة هود (ومن آمن وما آمن معه إلا قليل) قيل كانوا ستة رجال ونساؤهم وقبل جميع من كان في السفينة ثمانية وسبعون نصفهم رجال ونصفهم نساء {ولا تخاطبني في الذين ظلموا} كفروا بترك إهلاكهم {إنهم مغرقون}.
quran:23:28 –

And when you have boarded the ship, you and those with you, then say, 'Praise to Allah who has saved us from the wrongdoing people.'  

And when you have settled, ˹when˺ you are balanced, in the Ark together with those with you, say, “Praise be to God Who has delivered us from the wrongdoing folk”, ˹from˺ the disbelievers and the destruction that came upon them.
القرآن:٢٣:٢٨ –

فَإِذَا اسْتَوَيْتَ أَنْتَ وَمَنْ مَعَكَ عَلَى الْفُلْكِ فَقُلِ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي نَجَّانَا مِنَ الْقَوْمِ الظَّالِمِينَ  

{فإذا استويت} اعتدلت {أنت ومن معك على الفلك فقل الحمد لله الذي نجانا من القوم الظالمين} الكافرين وإهلاكهم.
quran:23:29 –

And say, 'My Lord, let me land at a blessed landing place, and You are the best to accommodate ˹us˺.' "  

And say, upon disembarking from the ship: “My Lord, cause me to land with a landing (read munzalan as the verbal noun as well as the noun of place ˹for ‘landing’˺; or manzilan as ˹meaning˺ the site of the landing) blessed, being that landing or place, for You are the best of all who bring to land” ’, that which has been mentioned.
القرآن:٢٣:٢٩ –

وَقُلْ رَبِّ أَنْزِلْنِي مُنْزَلًا مُبَارَكًا وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الْمُنْزِلِينَ  

{وقل} عند نزولك {رب أنزلني مُنزَلاً} بضم الميم وفتح الزاي مصدراً واسم مكان وبفتح الميم وكسر الزاي مكان النزول {مُباركاً} ذلك الإنزال أو المكان {وأنت خير المنزلين} ما ذكر.
quran:23:30 –

Indeed in that are signs, and indeed, We are ever testing ˹Our servants˺.  

Surely in that, mentioned matter of Noah, the ship and the destruction of the disbelievers, there are signs, indicators of God’s power, exalted be He, and indeed (wa-in, in has been softened in place of the hardened form, its subject being the pronoun of the matter) We were putting to the test, ˹indeed We were˺ trying the people of Noah by sending him ˹as God’s messenger˺ to them and ˹by˺ his admonitions ˹to them˺.
القرآن:٢٣:٣٠ –

إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَاتٍ وَإِنْ كُنَّا لَمُبْتَلِينَ  

{إن في ذلك} المذكور من أمر نوح والسفينة وإهلاك الكفار {لآيات} دلالات على قدرة الله تعالى {وإن} مخففة من الثقيلة واسمها ضمير الشأن {كنا لمبتلين} قوم نوح بإرساله إليهم ووعظه.