20. Sūrat Ṭā Hā (1/3)

٢٠۔ سُورَةُ طه ص ١

Qurʾān > Chapter 20
القرآن > كتاب ٢٠

Ta Ha (Meccan)

quran:20:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ta, Ha.  

Tā hā: God knows best what He means by these ˹letters˺.
القرآن:٢٠:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

طه  

{طه} الله أعلم بمراده بذلك.
quran:20:2 –

We have not sent down to you the Qur'an that you be distressed  

We have not revealed the Qur’ān to you, O Muhammad (s), that you should be miserable, that you should toil because of what you used to do after it was revealed ˹to you˺, in the way of long vigils performing night prayers; in other words, so unburden your soul;
القرآن:٢٠:٢ –

مَا أَنْزَلْنَا عَلَيْكَ الْقُرْآنَ لِتَشْقَىٰ  

{ما أنزلنا عليك القرآن} يا محمد {لتشقى} لتتعب بما فعلت بعد نزوله من طول قيامك بصلاة الليل أي خفف عن نفسك.
quran:20:3 –

But only as a reminder for those who fear ˹Allah˺ -  

but, We have revealed it, only to remind, therewith, him who fears, God;
القرآن:٢٠:٣ –

إِلَّا تَذْكِرَةً لِمَنْ يَخْشَىٰ  

{إلا} لكن أنزلناه {تذكرة} به {لمن يخشى} يخاف الله.
quran:20:4 –

A revelation from He who created the earth and highest heavens,  

a revelation (tanzīlan, a substitution, standing in place of the ˹conjugated˺ verb ˹derived˺ therefrom which renders it ˹tanzīlan˺ accusative) from Him Who created the earth and the high heavens (‘ulā, the plural of ‘ulyā, similar ˹in pattern˺ to kubrā, kubar, ‘large’);
القرآن:٢٠:٤ –

تَنْزِيلًا مِمَّنْ خَلَقَ الْأَرْضَ وَالسَّمَاوَاتِ الْعُلَى  

{تنزيلا} بدل من اللفظ بفعله الناصب له {ممن خلق الأرض والسماوات العلى} جمع عليا ككبرى وكبر.
quran:20:5 –

The Most Merciful ˹who is˺ above the Throne established.  

He is, the Compassionate One presided upon the Throne (al-‘arsh, in the ˹classical Arabic˺ language denotes a king’s seat) a presiding befitting of Him;
القرآن:٢٠:٥ –

الرَّحْمَٰنُ عَلَى الْعَرْشِ اسْتَوَىٰ  

هو {الرحمن على العرش} وهو في اللغة سرير الملك {استوى} اكتفاء يليق به.
quran:20:6 –

To Him belongs what is in the heavens and what is on the earth and what is between them and what is under the soil.  

to Him belongs whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth and whatever is between them, of creatures, and whatever is beneath the soil (al-tharā, is moist earth) meaning ˹whatever is beneath˺ the seven earths, since these lie beneath it.
القرآن:٢٠:٦ –

لَهُ مَا فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَمَا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَمَا تَحْتَ الثَّرَىٰ  

{له ما في السماوات وما في الأرض وما بينهما} من المخلوقات {وما تحت الثرى} هو التراب الندي، والمراد الأرضون السبع لأنها تحته.
quran:20:7 –

And if you speak aloud - then indeed, He knows the secret and what is ˹even˺ more hidden.  

And should you be loud in your speech, in remembrance ˹of God˺ or supplication, then God has no need for this to be ˹spoken˺ loud, then indeed He knows the secret and ˹that which is˺ yet more hidden, than that ˹secret˺, namely, that which the soul whispers ˹to itself˺ and that which occurs to the mind but which you do not speak of ˹to anyone˺, so do not strain yourself to be loud ˹in your speech˺.
القرآن:٢٠:٧ –

وَإِنْ تَجْهَرْ بِالْقَوْلِ فَإِنَّهُ يَعْلَمُ السِّرَّ وَأَخْفَى  

{وإن تجهر بالقول} في ذكر أو دعاء فالله غني عن الجهر به {فإنه يعلم السر وأخفى} منه: أي ما حدثت به النفس وما خطر ولم تحدث به فلا تجهد نفسك بالجهر.
quran:20:8 –

Allah - there is no deity except Him. To Him belong the best names.  

God — there is no god save Him. To Him belong the Most Beautiful Names, the ninety nine ˹Names˺, cited in the hadīth (al-husnā is the feminine form of al-ahsan, ‘the best’).
القرآن:٢٠:٨ –

اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ لَهُ الْأَسْمَاءُ الْحُسْنَىٰ  

{الله لا إله إلى هو له الأسماء الحسنى} التسعة والتسعون الوارد بها الحديث والحسنى مؤنث الأحسن.
quran:20:9 –

And has the story of Moses reached you? -  

Has the story of Moses — indeed, it has — come to you?
القرآن:٢٠:٩ –

وَهَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰ  

{وهل} قد {أتاك حديث موسى}.
quran:20:10 –

When he saw a fire and said to his family, "Stay here; indeed, I have perceived a fire; perhaps I can bring you a torch or find at the fire some guidance."  

When he caught sight of a fire and said to his family, namely, to his wife, ‘Wait, here! — this was when he was leaving Midian, heading for Egypt — Indeed I see a fire ˹in the distance˺. Perhaps I ˹can˺ bring you a brand from it, ˹bring you˺ a burning wick or a torch, or find at the fire some guidance’, that is, someone to guide me by showing me the ˹proper˺ route — for he had lost it in the darkness of the night. He ˹Moses˺ said, ‘perhaps’ (la‘alla) because he could not be certain of fulfilling his promise.
القرآن:٢٠:١٠ –

إِذْ رَأَىٰ نَارًا فَقَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ نَارًا لَعَلِّي آتِيكُمْ مِنْهَا بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدًى  

{إذا رأى نارا فقال لأهله} لامرأته {امكثوا} هنا، وذلك في مسيره من مدين طالبا مصر {إني آنست} أبصرت {نارا لعلي آتيكم منها بقبس} بشعلة في رأس فتيلة أو عود {أو أجد على النار هدى} أي هاديا يدلني على الطريق وكان أخطأها لظلمة الليل، وقال لعل لعدم الجزم بوفاء الوعد.
quran:20:11 –

And when he came to it, he was called, "O Moses,  

And when he reached it — it was a boxthorn — he was called ˹by name˺, ‘O Moses!
القرآن:٢٠:١١ –

فَلَمَّا أَتَاهَا نُودِيَ يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{فلما أتاها} وهي شجرة عوسج {نُوديَ يا موسى}.
quran:20:12 –

Indeed, I am your Lord, so remove your sandals. Indeed, you are in the sacred valley of Tuwa.  

Indeed (read as innī, if one understands nūdiya, ‘he was called’, as meaning qīla, ‘it was said’; or read it as annī, because of an implied ˹prefixed˺ bā’) I am (anā, reiterates the ˹first person indicator˺ yā’ ˹of innī˺ used by the ˹direct˺ speaker) your Lord. So take off your sandals, for lo! you are in the holy, ˹meaning˺ either the pure, or the blessed, valley of Tuwā (˹this is˺ either a substitution, or an explicative supplement; read ˹Tuwan˺ with nunation or ˹Tuwā˺ without: it is ˹considered˺ declinable on account of it being a location; but ˹alternatively considered˺ indeclinable, if taken as considered a feminine proper noun denoting a place name).
القرآن:٢٠:١٢ –

إِنِّي أَنَا رَبُّكَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ ۖ إِنَّكَ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى  

{إني} بكسر الهمزة بتأويل نودي بقيل وفتحها بتقدير الباء {أنا} تأكيد لياء المتكلم {ربُّك فاخلع نعليك إنك بالواد المقدس} المطهر أو المبارك {طُوى} بدل أو عطف بيان، بالتنوين وتركه مصروف باعتبار المكان وغير مصروف لتأنيث باعتبار البقعة مع العلمية.
quran:20:13 –

And I have chosen you, so listen to what is revealed ˹to you˺.  

And I ˹Myself˺ have chosen you, from among ˹all of˺ your people, so listen to what is being revealed, to you from Me.
القرآن:٢٠:١٣ –

وَأَنَا اخْتَرْتُكَ فَاسْتَمِعْ لِمَا يُوحَىٰ  

{وأنا اخترتك} من قومك {فاستمع لما يُوحى} إليك مني.
quran:20:14 –

Indeed, I am Allah. There is no deity except Me, so worship Me and establish prayer for My remembrance.  

Verily I am God — there is no god except Me. So worship Me and establish prayer for to make remembrance of Me, in it.
القرآن:٢٠:١٤ –

إِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدْنِي وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي  

{إنني أنا الله لا إله إلا أنا فاعبدني وأقم لصلاة لذكري} فيها.
quran:20:15 –

Indeed, the Hour is coming - I almost conceal it - so that every soul may be recompensed according to that for which it strives.  

The Hour is assuredly coming. ˹But˺ I will to keep it hidden, from mankind — and its nearness ˹in time˺ will manifest itself to them through its signs — so that every soul may be requited, thereupon, for what it strives for, of good or evil.
القرآن:٢٠:١٥ –

إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا لِتُجْزَىٰ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا تَسْعَىٰ  

{إن الساعة آتية أكاد أخفيها} عن الناس ويظهر لهم قربها بعلاماتها {لتجزى} فيها {كل نفس بما تسعى} به من خير أو شر.
quran:20:16 –

So do not let one avert you from it who does not believe in it and follows his desire, for you ˹then˺ would perish.  

So do not let him bar you, distract you, from it, that is, from believing in it, who believes not in it but follows his own whim, in denying ˹the truth of˺ it, lest you perish, that is, lest you be ruined if you are barred from ˹remembering˺ it.
القرآن:٢٠:١٦ –

فَلَا يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْهَا مَنْ لَا يُؤْمِنُ بِهَا وَاتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ فَتَرْدَىٰ  

{فلا يَصُدنَّكَ} يصرفنَّك {عنها} أي عن الإيمان بها {من لا يؤمن بها واتبع هواه} في إنكارها {فَتَردى} أي فتهلك إن صددت عنها.
quran:20:17 –

And what is that in your right hand, O Moses?"  

And what is that, that happens to be, in your right hand, O Moses?’ (the interrogative is meant as an affirmative, ˹but it is expressed as an interrogative˺ in order that the miracle ˹to be manifested˺ in it be ˹shown as˺ consequent upon it).
القرآن:٢٠:١٧ –

وَمَا تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{وما تلك} كائنة {بيمينك يا موسى} الاستفهام للتقرير ليرتب عليه المعجزة فيها.
quran:20:18 –

He said, "It is my staff; I lean upon it, and I bring down leaves for my sheep and I have therein other uses."  

He said, ‘It is my staff. I lean, I support myself, upon it, when I leap ˹across something˺ or walk, and I beat down ˹leaves˺, I strike the leaves on trees, with it, so that they fall, for my sheep, which then consume them; and I have uses for it (ma’ārib, ‘uses’, is the plural of ma’ruba, with the rā’ taking any ˹one˺ of the three vowels ˹sc. ma’ruba, ma’raba or ma’riba˺ meaning ‘needs’) in other ways, such as ˹using it˺ to carry food supplies and waterskins, as well as to drive away ˹undesirable˺ animals. He ˹Moses˺ gives an extensive response to indicate his ˹many˺ needs for it.
القرآن:٢٠:١٨ –

قَالَ هِيَ عَصَايَ أَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَيْهَا وَأَهُشُّ بِهَا عَلَىٰ غَنَمِي وَلِيَ فِيهَا مَآرِبُ أُخْرَىٰ  

{قال هي عصاي أتوكَّأ} أعتمد {عليها} عند الوثوب والمشي {وأهش} أخبط ورق الشجر {بها} ليسقط {على غنمي} فتأكله {ولي فيها مآرب} جمع مأربة مثلث الراء أي: حوائج {أخرى} كحمل الزاد والسقاء وطرد الهوام زاد في الجواب بيان حاجاته بها.
quran:20:19 –

˹Allah˺ said, "Throw it down, O Moses."  

He said, ‘Cast it down, O Moses!’
القرآن:٢٠:١٩ –

قَالَ أَلْقِهَا يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{قال ألقها يا موسى}.
quran:20:20 –

So he threw it down, and thereupon it was a snake, moving swiftly.  

And he cast it down, and lo! it was a serpent, a giant snake, moving swiftly, moving about on its belly swiftly with the speed of a small snake — which is called al-jānn and which is ˹also˺ used to refer to this ˹serpent˺ in another verse ˹Q. 27:10; Q. 28:31˺.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٠ –

فَأَلْقَاهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ حَيَّةٌ تَسْعَىٰ  

{فألقاها فإذا هي حية} ثعبان عظيم {تسعى} تمشي على بطنها سريعا كسرعة الثعبان الصغير المسمى بالجان المعبر به فيها في آية أخرى.
quran:20:21 –

˹Allah˺ said, "Seize it and fear not; We will return it to its former condition.  

He said, ‘Take ˹hold of˺ it and do not fear, it. We will restore it to its former state (sīratahā, in the accusative because the genitive-operating preposition has been removed). And so he placed his hand in its mouth and it became a staff once again; and it became clear that the place into which he put his hand was the place where it ˹the staff˺ is held, between its two prongs. Moses was shown this ˹miracle˺ lest he be terrified when it turns into a snake in the presence of Pharaoh.
القرآن:٢٠:٢١ –

قَالَ خُذْهَا وَلَا تَخَفْ ۖ سَنُعِيدُهَا سِيرَتَهَا الْأُولَىٰ  

{قال خذها ولا تخف} منها {سنعيدها سيرتها} منصوب بنزع الخافض أي: إلى حالتها {الأولى} فأدخل يده في فمها فعادت عصا، فتبين أن موضع الإدخال موضع مسكها بين شعبتيها، وأي ذلك السيد موسى لئلا يجزع إذا انقلبت حية لدى فرعون.
quran:20:22 –

And draw in your hand to your side; it will come out white without disease - another sign,  

And thrust your hand, the right one, meaning, the palm, into your flank — that is, your left side, below the arm into the armpit, and ˹then˺ take it out — it will emerge white, in contrast to the skin-colour that it was, without any fault, that is, ˹without any sign of˺ leprosy, radiating like the rays of the sun, blinding to the eyes ˹of onlookers˺. ˹That is˺ yet another sign (āyatan ukhrā: this together with baydā’a, ‘white’, constitute two circumstantial qualifiers referring to the subject of ˹the verb˺ takhruj, ‘it will emerge’).
القرآن:٢٠:٢٢ –

وَاضْمُمْ يَدَكَ إِلَىٰ جَنَاحِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَاءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ آيَةً أُخْرَىٰ  

{واضمم يدك} اليمنى بمعنى الكف {إلى جناحك} أي جنبك الأيسر تحت العضد إلى الإبط وأخرجها {تخرج} خلاف ما كانت عليه من الأدمة {بيضاء من غير سوءٍ} أي بَرَص تضيء كشعاع الشمس تغشى البصر {آية أخرى} وهي بيضاء حالان من ضمير تخرج.
quran:20:23 –

That We may show you ˹some˺ of Our greater signs.  

That We may show you, thereby, when you do this ˹as described above˺ in order to manifest it, of Our greatest signs, the sign that is the greatest proof of ˹the truth of˺ your Mission ˹from God˺: and should he want it to be restored to its former state, he would thrust it into his armpit, as has been mentioned, and ˹then˺ bring it out.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٣ –

لِنُرِيَكَ مِنْ آيَاتِنَا الْكُبْرَى  

{لنريك} بها إذا فعلت ذلك لإظهارها {من آياتنا} الآية {الكبرى} أي العظمى على رسالتك، وإذا أراد عودها إلى حالتها الأولى ضمها إلى جناحه كما تقدم وأخرجها.
quran:20:24 –

Go to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed."  

Go, as a messenger ˹from God˺, to Pharaoh, and ˹to˺ those with him. He has indeed transgressed’, he has exceeded the ˹usual˺ limits in his disbelief by claiming to be a god.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٤ –

اذْهَبْ إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَىٰ  

{اذهب} رسولا {إلى فرعون} ومن معه {إنه طغى} جاوز الحد في كفره إلى ادعاء الإلهية.
quran:20:25 –

˹Moses˺ said, "My Lord, expand for me my breast ˹with assurance˺  

He said, ‘My Lord, expand my breast for me, expand it so that it may accommodate the ˹weight of the Divine˺ Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٥ –

قَالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي  

{قال رب اشرح لي صدري} وسّعه لتحمل الرسالة.
quran:20:26 –

And ease for me my task  

And make easy, facilitate, for me my affair, that I may deliver it.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٦ –

وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي  

{ويسِّر} سَهِّلْ {لي أمري} لأبلغها.
quran:20:27 –

And untie the knot from my tongue  

And undo the knot upon my tongue — the result of his having been burnt by a live coal which he had placed ˹accidentally˺ in his mouth as a child;
القرآن:٢٠:٢٧ –

وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي  

{واحلل عقدة من لساني} حدثت من احتراقه بجمرة وضعها بفيه وهو صغير.
quran:20:28 –

That they may understand my speech.  

so that they may understand what I ˹shall˺ say, when I am delivering the Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٨ –

يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي  

{يفقهوا} يفهموا {قولي} عند تبليغ الرسالة.
quran:20:29 –

And appoint for me a minister from my family -  

And appoint for me a minister, an assistant for that ˹task˺, from my family,
القرآن:٢٠:٢٩ –

وَاجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيرًا مِنْ أَهْلِي  

{واجعل لي وزيرا} معينا عليها {من أهلي}.
quran:20:30 –

Aaron, my brother.  

Aaron (Hārūna, constitutes the second object), my brother (akhī, an explicative supplement).
القرآن:٢٠:٣٠ –

هَارُونَ أَخِي  

{هارون} مفعول ثان {أخي} عطف بيان.
quran:20:31 –

Increase through him my strength  

Confirm through him my strength, my courage;
القرآن:٢٠:٣١ –

اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي  

{اشدد به أزري} ظهري.
quran:20:32 –

And let him share my task  

and let him share in my affair, namely, in ˹the delivery of˺ the Message (both verbs ˹ushdud, ‘confirm’, and ashrikhu, ‘let him share’˺ are in the imperative and in the apocopated imperfect tense, constituting the response to the request ˹of Moses˺).
القرآن:٢٠:٣٢ –

وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي  

{وأشركه في أمري} أي الرسالة والفعلان بصيغتي الأمر والمضارع المجزوم وهو جواب الطلب.
quran:20:33 –

That we may exalt You much  

So that we may glorify You, ˹by making˺ glorifications, over and over again,
القرآن:٢٠:٣٣ –

كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًا  

{كي نسبحك} تسبيحا {كثيرا}.
quran:20:34 –

And remember You much.  

and remember You, ˹by making˺ remembrance, over and over again.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٤ –

وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا  

{ونذكرك} ذكرا {كثيرا}.
quran:20:35 –

Indeed, You are of us ever Seeing."  

Indeed You are ever Seeing of us’, ever Knowing, having been gracious ˹to us˺ by way of ˹appointing us to deliver˺ the Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٥ –

إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًا  

{إنك كنت بصيرا} عالما فأنعمت بالرسالة.
quran:20:36 –

˹Allah˺ said, "You have been granted your request, O Moses.  

He said, ‘You have been granted your request, O Moses!, as a favour ˹from Us˺ to you.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٦ –

قَالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{قال قد أوتيت سُؤلك يا موسى} منا عليك.
quran:20:37 –

And We had already conferred favor upon you another time,  

And certainly, We have done you a favour ˹already˺ another time,
القرآن:٢٠:٣٧ –

وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَىٰ  

{ولقد مننا عليك مرة أخرى}.
quran:20:38 –

When We inspired to your mother what We inspired,  

when (idh, for explanation ˹of that favour˺) We revealed to your mother, either in ˹her˺ sleep or by way of inspiration — when she gave birth to you and feared that Pharaoh would have you slain for being one of the newborn ˹of the Children of Israel˺ — that which was revealed, regarding your affair (this ˹mā yūhā, ‘that which was revealed’˺ is substituted by ˹what follows, an iqdhifīhi …˺),
القرآن:٢٠:٣٨ –

إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَىٰ  

{إذ} للتعليل {أوحينا إلى أمك} مناما أو إلهاما لما ولدتك وخافت أن يقتلك فرعون في جملة من يولد {ما يوحى} في أمرك ويبدل منه:
quran:20:39 –

˹Saying˺, 'Cast him into the chest and cast it into the river, and the river will throw it onto the bank; there will take him an enemy to Me and an enemy to him.' And I bestowed upon you love from Me that you would be brought up under My eye.  

“Cast him, place him, in the ark, then cast him, ˹while˺ in the ark, into the river, ˹into˺ the flow of the Nile, and then the river shall throw him up onto the shore, that is, its bank (the imperative here ˹fa’l-yulqihi, ‘let it throw him’˺ functions as a predicate); ˹there˺ an enemy of Mine and an enemy of his, namely, Pharaoh, shall take him”. And, after he took you, I cast upon you love from Me, that you may be loved by people; and indeed Pharaoh, and all who saw you, loved you; and that you might be reared under My eyes, be nurtured under My guardianship and My protection of you.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٩ –

أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِي وَعَدُوٌّ لَهُ ۚ وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَىٰ عَيْنِي  

{أن اقذفيه} ألقيه {في التابوت فاقذفيه} بالتابوت {في اليم} بحر النيل {فلْيُلقه اليم بالساحل} أي شاطئه والأمر بمعنى الخبر {يأخذه عدو لي وعدو له} وهو فرعون {وألقيت} بعد أن أخذك {عليك محبة مني} لتحب في الناس فأحبك فرعون وكل من رآك {ولتُصنع على عيني} تربى على رعايتي وحفظي لك.
quran:20:40 –

˹And We favored you˺ when your sister went and said, 'Shall I direct you to someone who will be responsible for him?' So We restored you to your mother that she might be content and not grieve. And you killed someone, but We saved you from retaliation and tried you with a ˹severe˺ trial. And you remained ˹some˺ years among the people of Madyan. Then you came ˹here˺ at the decreed time, O Moses.  

When (idh, for explanation) your sister, Maryam, walked up, to obtain news of you, for they had brought wet nurses ˹for you˺ but you would not take to the breast of any of them, and she then said, “Shall I show you someone who will take care of him?”. Her offer was accepted and so she brought ˹them˺ his mother and he took to her breasts. Thus We restored you to your mother that her eyes might rejoice, in seeing you again, and not grieve, at that point ˹anymore˺. Then you slew a soul, namely, the Copt in Egypt — and you became distressed for having slain him because of ˹how˺ Pharaoh ˹would react˺; whereupon We delivered you from ˹great˺ distress, and We tried you with various ordeals, We tested you by landing you in some other ˹ordeal˺ and ˹again˺ delivered you from it. Then you stayed for several years, ten ˹years˺, among the people of Midian, after you had reached it having left Egypt, ˹staying˺ with the prophet Shu‘ayb and marrying his daughter. Then you came ˹hither˺ as ordained, in My knowledge, with the Message ˹that you will deliver˺ — and this was when you were forty years old, O Moses!
القرآن:٢٠:٤٠ –

إِذْ تَمْشِي أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَكْفُلُهُ ۖ فَرَجَعْنَاكَ إِلَىٰ أُمِّكَ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَلَا تَحْزَنَ ۚ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا فَنَجَّيْنَاكَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّاكَ فُتُونًا ۚ فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلَىٰ قَدَرٍ يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{إذ} للتعليل {تمشي أختك} مريم لتتعرف من خبرك وقد أحضروا مراضع وأنت لا تقبل ثدي واحدة منهن {فتقول هل أدلكم على من يكفله} فأجيبت فجاءت بأمه فقبل ثديها {فرجعناك إلى أمك كي تقر عينها} بلقائك {ولا تحزن} حينئذ {وقتلت نفسا} هو القبطي بمصر، فاغتممت لقتله من جهة فرعون {فنجيناك من الغم وفتناك فتونا} اختبرناك بالإيقاع في غير ذلك وخلصناك منه {فلبثت سنين} عشرا {في أهل مدين} بعد مجيئك إليها من مصر عند شعيب النبي وتزوجك بابنته {ثم جئت على قدر} في علمي بالرسالة وهو أربعون سنة من عمرك {يا موسى}.
quran:20:41 –

And I produced you for Myself.  

And I chose you for Myself, to deliver the Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٤١ –

وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي  

{واصطنعتك} اخترتك {لنفسي} بالرسالة.
quran:20:42 –

Go, you and your brother, with My signs and do not slacken in My remembrance.  

Go, you and your brother, to the people, with My, nine, signs, and do not flag, be remiss, in remembrance of Me, by uttering glorifications and otherwise.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٢ –

اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَأَخُوكَ بِآيَاتِي وَلَا تَنِيَا فِي ذِكْرِي  

{اذهب أنت وأخوك} إلى الناس {بآياتي} التسع {ولا تَنِيا} تفترا {في ذكري} بتسبيح وغيره.
quran:20:43 –

Go, both of you, to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed.  

Go the two of you to Pharaoh. Truly he has transgressed ˹the bounds˺, in claiming to be the Lord.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٣ –

اذْهَبَا إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَىٰ  

{اذهبا إلى فرعون إنه طغى} بادعائه الربوبية.
quran:20:44 –

And speak to him with gentle speech that perhaps he may be reminded or fear ˹Allah˺."  

And speak to him gentle words, for him to renounce such ˹claims˺, that perhaps he may be mindful, be admonished, or fear’, God and so repent — the ‘hope’ ˹for Pharaoh’s repentance˺ is ˹expressed˺ from their perspective, for God knows that he was not going to repent.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٤ –

فَقُولَا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّنًا لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشَىٰ  

{فقولا له قولا لينا} في رجوعه عن ذلك {لعله يتذكر} يتعظ {أو يخشى} الله فيرجع والترجي بالنسبة إليهما لعلمه تعالى بأنه لا يرجع.
quran:20:45 –

They said, "Our Lord, indeed we are afraid that he will hasten ˹punishment˺ against us or that he will transgress."  

The two ˹of them˺ said, ‘Our Lord, We truly fear that he may forestall us, that is, by hastening to punish us, or become tyrannical’, against us, that is, be high-handed ˹with us˺.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٥ –

قَالَا رَبَّنَا إِنَّنَا نَخَافُ أَنْ يَفْرُطَ عَلَيْنَا أَوْ أَنْ يَطْغَىٰ  

{قالا ربنا إننا نخاف أن يفرط علينا} أي يعجل بالعقوبة {أو أن يطغى} علينا أي يتكبر.
quran:20:46 –

˹Allah˺ said, "Fear not. Indeed, I am with you both; I hear and I see.  

He said, ‘Do not fear, for I shall be with the two of you, by ˹providing you with˺ My assistance, hearing, what he says, and seeing, what he does.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٦ –

قَالَ لَا تَخَافَا ۖ إِنَّنِي مَعَكُمَا أَسْمَعُ وَأَرَىٰ  

{قال لا تخافا إنني معكما} بعوني {أسمع} ما يقول {وأرى} ما يفعل.
quran:20:47 –

So go to him and say, 'Indeed, we are messengers of your Lord, so send with us the Children of Israel and do not torment them. We have come to you with a sign from your Lord. And peace will be upon he who follows the guidance.  

So go to him and say, “Truly we are two messengers of your Lord, so let the Children of Israel go with us, to Syria, and do not ˹continue to˺ chastise them, in other words, release them from your exploitation of them in those oppressive works of yours, such as digging, construction and the lifting of heavy objects. We have verily brought you a sign, a definitive argument, from your Lord, as proof of our truthfulness in ˹delivering˺ the Message; and may peace be upon him who follows ˹right˺ guidance, that is to say, may he be secure from ˹God’s˺ chastisement.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٧ –

فَأْتِيَاهُ فَقُولَا إِنَّا رَسُولَا رَبِّكَ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَلَا تُعَذِّبْهُمْ ۖ قَدْ جِئْنَاكَ بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۖ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَىٰ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَىٰ  

{فأتياه فقولا إنَّا رسولا ربك فأرسل معنا بني إسرائيل} إلى الشام {ولا تعذبهم} أي خل عنهم من استعمالك إياهم في أشغالك الشاقة كالحفر والبناء وحمل الثقيل {قد جئناك بآية} بحجة {من ربك} على صدقنا بالرسالة {والسلام على من اتبع الهدى} أي السلامة له من العذاب.
quran:20:48 –

Indeed, it has been revealed to us that the punishment will be upon whoever denies and turns away.' "  

Indeed it has been revealed to us that the chastisement shall befall him who denies, ˹the truth of˺ what we have brought, and turns away” ’, ˹and who˺ rejects it. And so they came to him and said ˹to him˺ all of what has been mentioned.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٨ –

إِنَّا قَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْنَا أَنَّ الْعَذَابَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ  

{إنا قد أوحي إلينا أن العذاب على مَن كذب} ما جئنا له {وتولى} أعرض عنه، فأتياه وقالا جميع ما ذكر.
quran:20:49 –

˹Pharaoh˺ said, "So who is the Lord of you two, O Moses?"  

He said, ‘So who is your Lord, O Moses?’ — he ˹Pharaoh˺ restricted this ˹question˺ to him ˹Moses˺, because ˹between him and Aaron˺ he is the principal ˹bearer of God’s Message˺ and also because of his ˹Pharaoh’s˺ having pampered him while he was being reared ˹as a child˺.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٩ –

قَالَ فَمَنْ رَبُّكُمَا يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{قال فمن ربكما يا موسى} اقتصر عليه لأنه الأصل ولإدلاله عليه بالتربية.
quran:20:50 –

He said, "Our Lord is He who gave each thing its form and then guided ˹it˺."  

He said, ‘Our Lord is He Who gave to everything, in creation, its ˹peculiar˺ nature, through which it is distinguished from another ˹thing˺, and then guided ˹it˺’, the animal among them to its source of food, drink and procreation and in other ways.
القرآن:٢٠:٥٠ –

قَالَ رَبُّنَا الَّذِي أَعْطَىٰ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلْقَهُ ثُمَّ هَدَىٰ  

{قال ربنا الذي أعطى كل شيء} من الخلق {خلقه} الذي هو عليه متميز به عن غيره {ثم هدى} الحيوان منه إلى مطعمه ومشربه ومنكحه وغير ذلك.