20. Sūrat Ṭā Hā

٢٠۔ سُورَةُ طه

Qurʾān > Chapter 20 > Section 11
القرآن > كتاب ٢٠ > باب ١١

20.11 Moses's inquiry about idol worshipping from Aaron, his decision about Zimri, Golden Calf and his address to his people.

٢٠۔١١ مقطع في سُورَةُ طه

quran:20:90 –

And Aaron had already told them before ˹the return of Moses˺, "O my people, you are only being tested by it, and indeed, your Lord is the Most Merciful, so follow me and obey my order."  

And Aaron had certainly said to them beforehand, that is, before the return of Moses, ‘O my people, you are only being tested thereby! But truly your Lord is the Compassionate One, so follow me, in worship of Him, and obey my command’, therein.
القرآن:٢٠:٩٠ –

وَلَقَدْ قَالَ لَهُمْ هَارُونُ مِنْ قَبْلُ يَا قَوْمِ إِنَّمَا فُتِنْتُمْ بِهِ ۖ وَإِنَّ رَبَّكُمُ الرَّحْمَٰنُ فَاتَّبِعُونِي وَأَطِيعُوا أَمْرِي  

{ولقد قال لهم هارون من قبل} أي قبل أن يرجع موسى {يا قوم إنما فُتنْتم به وإنَّ ربكم الرحمن فاتَّبعوني} في عبادته {وأطيعوا أمري} فيها.
quran:20:91 –

They said, "We will never cease being devoted to the calf until Moses returns to us."  

They said, ‘We will not cease to cling to it, persisting in worship of it, until Moses returns to us’.
القرآن:٢٠:٩١ –

قَالُوا لَنْ نَبْرَحَ عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفِينَ حَتَّىٰ يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ  

{قالوا لن نبرح} نزال {عليه عاكفين} على عبادته مقيمين {حتى يرجع إلينا موسى}.
quran:20:92 –

˹Moses˺ said, "O Aaron, what prevented you, when you saw them going astray,  

He, Moses, said, upon his return, ‘O Aaron, what held you back when you saw them going astray, by worshipping it,
القرآن:٢٠:٩٢ –

قَالَ يَا هَارُونُ مَا مَنَعَكَ إِذْ رَأَيْتَهُمْ ضَلُّوا  

{قال} موسى بعد رجوعه {يا هارون ما منعك إذ رأيتهم ضلوا} بعبادته.
quran:20:93 –

From following me? Then have you disobeyed my order?"  

that (˹allā˺ read an ˹instead˺, the lā being extra) you did not follow me? Did you then disobey my command?’, by remaining among those who worship ˹something˺ other than God, exalted be He?
القرآن:٢٠:٩٣ –

أَلَّا تَتَّبِعَنِ ۖ أَفَعَصَيْتَ أَمْرِي  

{أ} ن {لا تتبعن} لا زائدة {أفعصيت أمري} بإقامتك بين من يعبد غير الله تعالى.
quran:20:94 –

˹Aaron˺ said, "O son of my mother, do not seize ˹me˺ by my beard or by my head. Indeed, I feared that you would say, 'You caused division among the Children of Israel, and you did not observe ˹or await˺ my word.' "  

He, Aaron, said, ‘O son of my mother (read ya’bna’ummi or ya’bna’umma, meaning ummī, ‘my mother’) the mention of her is more effective in provoking the affection of his heart — do not clutch my beard, which he had seized with his left hand, or my head!, for he had seized his hair with his right hand in anger. Indeed I feared that, if I followed you, for inevitably a group of those who did not worship the calf would have followed me, you would have said, “You have caused division among the Children of Israel — and have been furious with me — and you did not wait for my word”’, concerning what my opinion would have been in this matter.
القرآن:٢٠:٩٤ –

قَالَ يَا ابْنَ أُمَّ لَا تَأْخُذْ بِلِحْيَتِي وَلَا بِرَأْسِي ۖ إِنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ تَقُولَ فَرَّقْتَ بَيْنَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَلَمْ تَرْقُبْ قَوْلِي  

{قال} هارون {يا ابن أم} بكسر الميم وفتحها أراد أمي وذكرها أَعْطَف لقلبه {لا تأخذ بلحيتي} وكان أخذها بشماله {ولا برأسي} وكان أخذ شعره بيمينه غضبا {إني خشيت} لو اتبعك ولا بد أن يتبعني جمع ممن لم يعبدوا العجل {أن تقول فرقت بين بني إسرائيل} وتغضب عليَّ {ولم ترقب} تنتظر {قولي} فيما رأيته في ذلك.
quran:20:95 –

˹Moses˺ said, "And what is your case, O Samiri?"  

He said, ‘And what have you to say, what was the motive for ˹doing˺ what you did, O Samaritan?’
القرآن:٢٠:٩٥ –

قَالَ فَمَا خَطْبُكَ يَا سَامِرِيُّ  

{قال فما خطبك} شأنك الداعي إلى ما صنعت {يا سامري}.
quran:20:96 –

He said, "I saw what they did not see, so I took a handful ˹of dust˺ from the track of the messenger and threw it, and thus did my soul entice me."  

He said, ‘I perceived what they did not perceive (read ˹either as third person plural˺ yabsurū or ˹as second person plural˺ tabsurū ‘˹what˺ you ˹did not˺ perceive’), in other words, I realised what they did not realise, so I seized a handful, of dust, from the track of, ˹from˺ the hoof of the steed of, the messenger, Gabriel, and threw it ˹in˺, I cast it onto the figure of the calf that had been fashioned. Thus my soul prompted, ˹thus˺ it adorned for, me’ and it was cast into me ˹the idea˺ that I seize a handful of the dust from that mentioned ˹hoof˺ and cast it onto what possessed no spirit, so that it might ˹thus˺ acquire a spirit. I had seen that your people had asked that you make for them a god, and so my soul suggested to me ˹the idea˺ that this calf should be their god.
القرآن:٢٠:٩٦ –

قَالَ بَصُرْتُ بِمَا لَمْ يَبْصُرُوا بِهِ فَقَبَضْتُ قَبْضَةً مِنْ أَثَرِ الرَّسُولِ فَنَبَذْتُهَا وَكَذَٰلِكَ سَوَّلَتْ لِي نَفْسِي  

{قال بصرت بما لم يبصروا به} بالياء والتاء أي علمت ما لم يعلموه {فقبضت قبضة من} تراب {أثر} حافر فرس {الرسول} جبريل {فنبذتها} ألقيتها في صورة العجل المصاغ {وكذلك سولت} زينت {لي نفسي} وألقى فيها أن أخذ قبضة من تراب ما ذكر، وألقيها على ما لا روح، به يصير له روح ورأيت قومك طلبوا منك أن تجعل لهم إلها فحدثتني نفسي أن يكون ذلك العجل إلههم.
quran:20:97 –

˹Moses˺ said, "Then go. And indeed, it is ˹decreed˺ for you in ˹this˺ life to say, 'No contact.' And indeed, you have an appointment ˹in the Hereafter˺ you will not fail to keep. And look at your 'god' to which you remained devoted. We will surely burn it and blow it into the sea with a blast.  

Said he, Moses to him, ‘Begone! It shall be yours ˹as your lot˺ throughout life, that is, for the duration of your life, to say, to whomever you may see, “Do not touch ˹me˺!”, that is, do not come near me — he used to wander about ˹aimlessly˺ throughout the land, and whenever he touched a person, or a person touched him, both would succumb to a fever. And indeed there will be a tryst for you, for you to be chastised, which you will not fail to keep (read lan tukhlifahu, meaning ‘˹a tryst˺ which you shall not miss’; or lan tukhlafahu, ‘for which you will not be forgotten’, meaning: ‘nay you will be sent forth to ˹keep˺ it’). Now look at your god to whom you remained clinging! (zalta is actually zalilta, but the first lām has been omitted in order to soften it), that is to say, ˹you remained˺ by his ˹your god’s˺ side, worshipping him. We will surely burn it, in fire, and then scatter ˹the ashes of˺ it into the waters, we will disperse it into the winds of the sea; and, after having slaughtered it, Moses did ˹exactly˺ that which he has mentioned.
القرآن:٢٠:٩٧ –

قَالَ فَاذْهَبْ فَإِنَّ لَكَ فِي الْحَيَاةِ أَنْ تَقُولَ لَا مِسَاسَ ۖ وَإِنَّ لَكَ مَوْعِدًا لَنْ تُخْلَفَهُ ۖ وَانْظُرْ إِلَىٰ إِلَٰهِكَ الَّذِي ظَلْتَ عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفًا ۖ لَنُحَرِّقَنَّهُ ثُمَّ لَنَنْسِفَنَّهُ فِي الْيَمِّ نَسْفًا  

{قال} له موسى {فاذهب} من بيننا {فإن لك في الحياة} أي مدة حياتك {أن تقول} لمن رأيته {لا مساس} أي لا تقربني فكان بهم في البرية وإذا مس أحدا أو مسه أحد حُمَّا جميعا {وإن لك موعدا} لعذابك {لن تخلفه} بكسر اللام: أي لن تغيب عنه، وبفتحها أي بل تبعث إليه {وانظر إلى إلهك الذي ظلْت} أصله ظللت بلامين أولاهما مكسورة حذفت تخفيفا أي دمت {عليه عاكفا} أي مقيما تعبده {لنحرقنه} بالنار {ثم لننسفنه في اليمّ نسفا} نذرينه في هواء البحر، وفعل موسى بعد ذبحه ما ذكره.
quran:20:98 –

Your god is only Allah, except for whom there is no deity. He has encompassed all things in knowledge."  

Indeed your God is the One God, than whom there is no other god. He embraces all things in ˹His˺ knowledge’ (‘ilman, a specification derived from the subject of the verb, in other words, it means ‘His knowledge embraces all things’).
القرآن:٢٠:٩٨ –

إِنَّمَا إِلَٰهُكُمُ اللَّهُ الَّذِي لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۚ وَسِعَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ عِلْمًا  

{إنما إلهكم الله الذي لا اله إلا هو وسع كل شيء علما} تمييز محول عن الفاعل وسع علمه كل شيء.