20. Sūrat Ṭā Hā

٢٠۔ سُورَةُ طه

20.4 The Prophet Moses prayed to God to open his heart, ease his task and remove the impediment from his speech so that people may understand what he says. God granted his request and reminded him about His favors.

٢٠۔٤ مقطع في سُورَةُ طه

quran:20:25

˹Moses˺ said, "My Lord, expand for me my breast ˹with assurance˺  

He said, ‘My Lord, expand my breast for me, expand it so that it may accommodate the ˹weight of the Divine˺ Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٥

قَالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِي صَدْرِي  

{قال رب اشرح لي صدري} وسّعه لتحمل الرسالة.
quran:20:26

And ease for me my task  

And make easy, facilitate, for me my affair, that I may deliver it.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٦

وَيَسِّرْ لِي أَمْرِي  

{ويسِّر} سَهِّلْ {لي أمري} لأبلغها.
quran:20:27

And untie the knot from my tongue  

And undo the knot upon my tongue — the result of his having been burnt by a live coal which he had placed ˹accidentally˺ in his mouth as a child;
القرآن:٢٠:٢٧

وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِنْ لِسَانِي  

{واحلل عقدة من لساني} حدثت من احتراقه بجمرة وضعها بفيه وهو صغير.
quran:20:28

That they may understand my speech.  

so that they may understand what I ˹shall˺ say, when I am delivering the Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٢٨

يَفْقَهُوا قَوْلِي  

{يفقهوا} يفهموا {قولي} عند تبليغ الرسالة.
quran:20:29

And appoint for me a minister from my family -  

And appoint for me a minister, an assistant for that ˹task˺, from my family,
القرآن:٢٠:٢٩

وَاجْعَلْ لِي وَزِيرًا مِنْ أَهْلِي  

{واجعل لي وزيرا} معينا عليها {من أهلي}.
quran:20:30

Aaron, my brother.  

Aaron (Hārūna, constitutes the second object), my brother (akhī, an explicative supplement).
القرآن:٢٠:٣٠

هَارُونَ أَخِي  

{هارون} مفعول ثان {أخي} عطف بيان.
quran:20:31

Increase through him my strength  

Confirm through him my strength, my courage;
القرآن:٢٠:٣١

اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِي  

{اشدد به أزري} ظهري.
quran:20:32

And let him share my task  

and let him share in my affair, namely, in ˹the delivery of˺ the Message (both verbs ˹ushdud, ‘confirm’, and ashrikhu, ‘let him share’˺ are in the imperative and in the apocopated imperfect tense, constituting the response to the request ˹of Moses˺).
القرآن:٢٠:٣٢

وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِي أَمْرِي  

{وأشركه في أمري} أي الرسالة والفعلان بصيغتي الأمر والمضارع المجزوم وهو جواب الطلب.
quran:20:33

That we may exalt You much  

So that we may glorify You, ˹by making˺ glorifications, over and over again,
القرآن:٢٠:٣٣

كَيْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيرًا  

{كي نسبحك} تسبيحا {كثيرا}.
quran:20:34

And remember You much.  

and remember You, ˹by making˺ remembrance, over and over again.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٤

وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيرًا  

{ونذكرك} ذكرا {كثيرا}.
quran:20:35

Indeed, You are of us ever Seeing."  

Indeed You are ever Seeing of us’, ever Knowing, having been gracious ˹to us˺ by way of ˹appointing us to deliver˺ the Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٥

إِنَّكَ كُنْتَ بِنَا بَصِيرًا  

{إنك كنت بصيرا} عالما فأنعمت بالرسالة.
quran:20:36

˹Allah˺ said, "You have been granted your request, O Moses.  

He said, ‘You have been granted your request, O Moses!, as a favour ˹from Us˺ to you.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٦

قَالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{قال قد أوتيت سُؤلك يا موسى} منا عليك.
quran:20:37

And We had already conferred favor upon you another time,  

And certainly, We have done you a favour ˹already˺ another time,
القرآن:٢٠:٣٧

وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَىٰ  

{ولقد مننا عليك مرة أخرى}.
quran:20:38

When We inspired to your mother what We inspired,  

when (idh, for explanation ˹of that favour˺) We revealed to your mother, either in ˹her˺ sleep or by way of inspiration — when she gave birth to you and feared that Pharaoh would have you slain for being one of the newborn ˹of the Children of Israel˺ — that which was revealed, regarding your affair (this ˹mā yūhā, ‘that which was revealed’˺ is substituted by ˹what follows, an iqdhifīhi …˺),
القرآن:٢٠:٣٨

إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَىٰ  

{إذ} للتعليل {أوحينا إلى أمك} مناما أو إلهاما لما ولدتك وخافت أن يقتلك فرعون في جملة من يولد {ما يوحى} في أمرك ويبدل منه:
quran:20:39

˹Saying˺, 'Cast him into the chest and cast it into the river, and the river will throw it onto the bank; there will take him an enemy to Me and an enemy to him.' And I bestowed upon you love from Me that you would be brought up under My eye.  

“Cast him, place him, in the ark, then cast him, ˹while˺ in the ark, into the river, ˹into˺ the flow of the Nile, and then the river shall throw him up onto the shore, that is, its bank (the imperative here ˹fa’l-yulqihi, ‘let it throw him’˺ functions as a predicate); ˹there˺ an enemy of Mine and an enemy of his, namely, Pharaoh, shall take him”. And, after he took you, I cast upon you love from Me, that you may be loved by people; and indeed Pharaoh, and all who saw you, loved you; and that you might be reared under My eyes, be nurtured under My guardianship and My protection of you.
القرآن:٢٠:٣٩

أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِي وَعَدُوٌّ لَهُ ۚ وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِنِّي وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَىٰ عَيْنِي  

{أن اقذفيه} ألقيه {في التابوت فاقذفيه} بالتابوت {في اليم} بحر النيل {فلْيُلقه اليم بالساحل} أي شاطئه والأمر بمعنى الخبر {يأخذه عدو لي وعدو له} وهو فرعون {وألقيت} بعد أن أخذك {عليك محبة مني} لتحب في الناس فأحبك فرعون وكل من رآك {ولتُصنع على عيني} تربى على رعايتي وحفظي لك.
quran:20:40

˹And We favored you˺ when your sister went and said, 'Shall I direct you to someone who will be responsible for him?' So We restored you to your mother that she might be content and not grieve. And you killed someone, but We saved you from retaliation and tried you with a ˹severe˺ trial. And you remained ˹some˺ years among the people of Madyan. Then you came ˹here˺ at the decreed time, O Moses.  

When (idh, for explanation) your sister, Maryam, walked up, to obtain news of you, for they had brought wet nurses ˹for you˺ but you would not take to the breast of any of them, and she then said, “Shall I show you someone who will take care of him?”. Her offer was accepted and so she brought ˹them˺ his mother and he took to her breasts. Thus We restored you to your mother that her eyes might rejoice, in seeing you again, and not grieve, at that point ˹anymore˺. Then you slew a soul, namely, the Copt in Egypt — and you became distressed for having slain him because of ˹how˺ Pharaoh ˹would react˺; whereupon We delivered you from ˹great˺ distress, and We tried you with various ordeals, We tested you by landing you in some other ˹ordeal˺ and ˹again˺ delivered you from it. Then you stayed for several years, ten ˹years˺, among the people of Midian, after you had reached it having left Egypt, ˹staying˺ with the prophet Shu‘ayb and marrying his daughter. Then you came ˹hither˺ as ordained, in My knowledge, with the Message ˹that you will deliver˺ — and this was when you were forty years old, O Moses!
القرآن:٢٠:٤٠

إِذْ تَمْشِي أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَكْفُلُهُ ۖ فَرَجَعْنَاكَ إِلَىٰ أُمِّكَ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَلَا تَحْزَنَ ۚ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا فَنَجَّيْنَاكَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّاكَ فُتُونًا ۚ فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِي أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلَىٰ قَدَرٍ يَا مُوسَىٰ  

{إذ} للتعليل {تمشي أختك} مريم لتتعرف من خبرك وقد أحضروا مراضع وأنت لا تقبل ثدي واحدة منهن {فتقول هل أدلكم على من يكفله} فأجيبت فجاءت بأمه فقبل ثديها {فرجعناك إلى أمك كي تقر عينها} بلقائك {ولا تحزن} حينئذ {وقتلت نفسا} هو القبطي بمصر، فاغتممت لقتله من جهة فرعون {فنجيناك من الغم وفتناك فتونا} اختبرناك بالإيقاع في غير ذلك وخلصناك منه {فلبثت سنين} عشرا {في أهل مدين} بعد مجيئك إليها من مصر عند شعيب النبي وتزوجك بابنته {ثم جئت على قدر} في علمي بالرسالة وهو أربعون سنة من عمرك {يا موسى}.
quran:20:41

And I produced you for Myself.  

And I chose you for Myself, to deliver the Message.
القرآن:٢٠:٤١

وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِي  

{واصطنعتك} اخترتك {لنفسي} بالرسالة.
quran:20:42

Go, you and your brother, with My signs and do not slacken in My remembrance.  

Go, you and your brother, to the people, with My, nine, signs, and do not flag, be remiss, in remembrance of Me, by uttering glorifications and otherwise.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٢

اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَأَخُوكَ بِآيَاتِي وَلَا تَنِيَا فِي ذِكْرِي  

{اذهب أنت وأخوك} إلى الناس {بآياتي} التسع {ولا تَنِيا} تفترا {في ذكري} بتسبيح وغيره.
quran:20:43

Go, both of you, to Pharaoh. Indeed, he has transgressed.  

Go the two of you to Pharaoh. Truly he has transgressed ˹the bounds˺, in claiming to be the Lord.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٣

اذْهَبَا إِلَىٰ فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَىٰ  

{اذهبا إلى فرعون إنه طغى} بادعائه الربوبية.
quran:20:44

And speak to him with gentle speech that perhaps he may be reminded or fear ˹Allah˺."  

And speak to him gentle words, for him to renounce such ˹claims˺, that perhaps he may be mindful, be admonished, or fear’, God and so repent — the ‘hope’ ˹for Pharaoh’s repentance˺ is ˹expressed˺ from their perspective, for God knows that he was not going to repent.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٤

فَقُولَا لَهُ قَوْلًا لَيِّنًا لَعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشَىٰ  

{فقولا له قولا لينا} في رجوعه عن ذلك {لعله يتذكر} يتعظ {أو يخشى} الله فيرجع والترجي بالنسبة إليهما لعلمه تعالى بأنه لا يرجع.
quran:20:45

They said, "Our Lord, indeed we are afraid that he will hasten ˹punishment˺ against us or that he will transgress."  

The two ˹of them˺ said, ‘Our Lord, We truly fear that he may forestall us, that is, by hastening to punish us, or become tyrannical’, against us, that is, be high-handed ˹with us˺.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٥

قَالَا رَبَّنَا إِنَّنَا نَخَافُ أَنْ يَفْرُطَ عَلَيْنَا أَوْ أَنْ يَطْغَىٰ  

{قالا ربنا إننا نخاف أن يفرط علينا} أي يعجل بالعقوبة {أو أن يطغى} علينا أي يتكبر.
quran:20:46

˹Allah˺ said, "Fear not. Indeed, I am with you both; I hear and I see.  

He said, ‘Do not fear, for I shall be with the two of you, by ˹providing you with˺ My assistance, hearing, what he says, and seeing, what he does.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٦

قَالَ لَا تَخَافَا ۖ إِنَّنِي مَعَكُمَا أَسْمَعُ وَأَرَىٰ  

{قال لا تخافا إنني معكما} بعوني {أسمع} ما يقول {وأرى} ما يفعل.
quran:20:47

So go to him and say, 'Indeed, we are messengers of your Lord, so send with us the Children of Israel and do not torment them. We have come to you with a sign from your Lord. And peace will be upon he who follows the guidance.  

So go to him and say, “Truly we are two messengers of your Lord, so let the Children of Israel go with us, to Syria, and do not ˹continue to˺ chastise them, in other words, release them from your exploitation of them in those oppressive works of yours, such as digging, construction and the lifting of heavy objects. We have verily brought you a sign, a definitive argument, from your Lord, as proof of our truthfulness in ˹delivering˺ the Message; and may peace be upon him who follows ˹right˺ guidance, that is to say, may he be secure from ˹God’s˺ chastisement.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٧

فَأْتِيَاهُ فَقُولَا إِنَّا رَسُولَا رَبِّكَ فَأَرْسِلْ مَعَنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ وَلَا تُعَذِّبْهُمْ ۖ قَدْ جِئْنَاكَ بِآيَةٍ مِنْ رَبِّكَ ۖ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَىٰ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الْهُدَىٰ  

{فأتياه فقولا إنَّا رسولا ربك فأرسل معنا بني إسرائيل} إلى الشام {ولا تعذبهم} أي خل عنهم من استعمالك إياهم في أشغالك الشاقة كالحفر والبناء وحمل الثقيل {قد جئناك بآية} بحجة {من ربك} على صدقنا بالرسالة {والسلام على من اتبع الهدى} أي السلامة له من العذاب.
quran:20:48

Indeed, it has been revealed to us that the punishment will be upon whoever denies and turns away.' "  

Indeed it has been revealed to us that the chastisement shall befall him who denies, ˹the truth of˺ what we have brought, and turns away” ’, ˹and who˺ rejects it. And so they came to him and said ˹to him˺ all of what has been mentioned.
القرآن:٢٠:٤٨

إِنَّا قَدْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْنَا أَنَّ الْعَذَابَ عَلَىٰ مَنْ كَذَّبَ وَتَوَلَّىٰ  

{إنا قد أوحي إلينا أن العذاب على مَن كذب} ما جئنا له {وتولى} أعرض عنه، فأتياه وقالا جميع ما ذكر.