20. Sūrat Ṭā Hā

٢٠۔ سُورَةُ طه

20.15 The story of Adam's creation and Satan's temptation. God forgave Adam's sin, chose him and guided him to the right Way.

٢٠۔١٥ مقطع في سُورَةُ طه

quran:20:115

And We had already taken a promise from Adam before, but he forgot; and We found not in him determination.  

And We made a covenant with Adam, We enjoined him not to eat of the tree, before, that is, before he ate of it, but he forgot, he disregarded Our covenant, and We did not find in him any constancy, any resoluteness or patience in ˹abiding by˺ what We forbade him from.
القرآن:٢٠:١١٥

وَلَقَدْ عَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ آدَمَ مِنْ قَبْلُ فَنَسِيَ وَلَمْ نَجِدْ لَهُ عَزْمًا  

{ولقد عهدنا إلى آدم} وصيناه أن لا يأكل من الشجرة {من قبل} أي قبل أكله منها {فنسي} ترك عهدنا {ولم نجد له عزماً} حزماً وصبراً عما نهيناه عنه.
quran:20:116

And ˹mention˺ when We said to the angels, "Prostrate to Adam," and they prostrated, except Iblees; he refused.  

And, mention, when We said to the angels, ‘Prostrate before Adam’; so they prostrated, except Iblīs, who was the father of the jinn — he used to keep company with the angels and worship God alongside them: he refused, to prostrate before Adam, he said: ‘I am better than him’ ˹Q. 7:12˺.
القرآن:٢٠:١١٦

وَإِذْ قُلْنَا لِلْمَلَائِكَةِ اسْجُدُوا لِآدَمَ فَسَجَدُوا إِلَّا إِبْلِيسَ أَبَىٰ  

(و) اذكر (إذ قلنا للملائكة اسجدوا لآدم فسجدوا إلا إبليس) وهو أبو الجن كان يصحب الملائكة ويعبد الله معهم (أبى) عن السجود لآدم "" قال أنا خير منه "".
quran:20:117

So We said, "O Adam, indeed this is an enemy to you and to your wife. Then let him not remove you from Paradise so you would suffer.  

Then We said, ‘Adam, indeed this is an enemy of yours and of your wife, Eve (read Hawwā’). So do not let him cause you both to be expelled from the Garden, so that you then toil, ˹so that you then˺ become fatigued by ˹the toil of˺ tillage, sowing, harvesting, milling, baking and otherwise — the statement is restricted to ˹the mention of˺ his ˹Adam’s˺ ‘toil’ because it is the man who has to strive ˹to provide˺ for his wife.
القرآن:٢٠:١١٧

فَقُلْنَا يَا آدَمُ إِنَّ هَٰذَا عَدُوٌّ لَكَ وَلِزَوْجِكَ فَلَا يُخْرِجَنَّكُمَا مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَتَشْقَىٰ  

{فقلنا يا آدم إنَّ هذا عدو لك ولزوجك} حواء بالمد {فلا يخرجنكما من الجنة فتشقى} تتعب بالحرث والزرع والحصد والطحن والخبز وغير ذلك واقتصر على شقائه لأن الرجل يسعى على زوجته.
quran:20:118

Indeed, it is ˹promised˺ for you not to be hungry therein or be unclothed.  

It is indeed ˹assured˺ for you that you will neither be hungry therein nor go naked,
القرآن:٢٠:١١٨

إِنَّ لَكَ أَلَّا تَجُوعَ فِيهَا وَلَا تَعْرَىٰ  

{إن لك أ} {لا تجوع فيها ولا تعرى}.
quran:20:119

And indeed, you will not be thirsty therein or be hot from the sun."  

And it is indeed ˹assured˺ for you (read wa-annaka or wa-innaka, as a supplement to the subject of inna ˹sc. laka, that is, ‘you’˺ and its clause) neither to be thirsty therein, nor to suffer the sun’: you will not be exposed to any heat of a midday sun, for there is no sun in Paradise.
القرآن:٢٠:١١٩

وَأَنَّكَ لَا تَظْمَأُ فِيهَا وَلَا تَضْحَىٰ  

{وأنك} بفتح الهمزة وكسرها عطف على اسم إن وجملتها {لا تظمأ فيها} تعطش {ولا تضحى} لا يحصل لك حر شمس الضحى لانتفاء الشمس في الجنة.
quran:20:120

Then Satan whispered to him; he said, "O Adam, shall I direct you to the tree of eternity and possession that will not deteriorate?"  

Then Satan whispered to him saying, ‘O Adam, shall I guide you to the Tree of Immortality, which gives everlasting life to the one who eats thereof, and a kingdom that does not waste away?’, that does not perish while he remains immortal.
القرآن:٢٠:١٢٠

فَوَسْوَسَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّيْطَانُ قَالَ يَا آدَمُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكَ عَلَىٰ شَجَرَةِ الْخُلْدِ وَمُلْكٍ لَا يَبْلَىٰ  

{فوسوس إليه الشيطان قال يا آدم هل أدلك على شجرة الخلد} أي التي يخلد من يأكل منها {ومُلْك لا يبلى} لا يفنى وهو لازم الخلد.
quran:20:121

And Adam and his wife ate of it, and their private parts became apparent to them, and they began to fasten over themselves from the leaves of Paradise. And Adam disobeyed his Lord and erred.  

So both of them, Adam and Eve, ate of it, and their shameful parts were exposed to them, that is, the front ˹private part˺ of each became visible to the other, as well as the other’s behind — both of these ˹parts˺ are called saw’a, ‘shame’, because its exposure ‘shames’ (yasū’u) that person); and they began to piece together, they took to sticking, onto themselves leaves of the Garden, to cover themselves up therewith. And Adam disobeyed his Lord and so he erred, by ˹his˺ eating from the tree.
القرآن:٢٠:١٢١

فَأَكَلَا مِنْهَا فَبَدَتْ لَهُمَا سَوْآتُهُمَا وَطَفِقَا يَخْصِفَانِ عَلَيْهِمَا مِنْ وَرَقِ الْجَنَّةِ ۚ وَعَصَىٰ آدَمُ رَبَّهُ فَغَوَىٰ  

{فأكلا} أي آدم وحواء {منها فبدت لهما سوآتهما} أي ظهر لكل منهما قبله وقبل الآخر ودُبره وسمي كل منهما سوأة لأن انكشافه يسوء صاحبه {وطفقا يخصفان} أخذا يلزقان {عليهما من ورق الجنة} ليستترا به {وعصى آدم ربه فغوى} بالأكل من الشجرة.
quran:20:122

Then his Lord chose him and turned to him in forgiveness and guided ˹him˺.  

Thereafter his Lord chose him, He brought him close ˹to Him˺, and relented to him, He accepted his repentance, and guided him, that is, He guided him to seek repentance regularly.
القرآن:٢٠:١٢٢

ثُمَّ اجْتَبَاهُ رَبُّهُ فَتَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَهَدَىٰ  

{ثم اجتباه ربه} قربه {فتاب عليه} قبل توبته {وهدى} أي هداه إلى المداومة على التوبة.
quran:20:123

˹Allah˺ said, "Descend from Paradise - all, ˹your descendants˺ being enemies to one another. And if there should come to you guidance from Me - then whoever follows My guidance will neither go astray ˹in the world˺ nor suffer ˹in the Hereafter˺.  

He said, ‘Go down both of you, that is, Adam and Eve, including all of your progeny, from it, from the Garden, all together, some of you, some of the progeny, being enemies of others, because of some wronging others. Yet if (the nūn of the conditional particle in has been assimilated with the mā, which is extra) there should come to you guidance from Me, then whoever follows My guidance, the Qur’ān, shall not go astray, in this world, neither shall he be miserable, in the Hereafter.
القرآن:٢٠:١٢٣

قَالَ اهْبِطَا مِنْهَا جَمِيعًا ۖ بَعْضُكُمْ لِبَعْضٍ عَدُوٌّ ۖ فَإِمَّا يَأْتِيَنَّكُمْ مِنِّي هُدًى فَمَنِ اتَّبَعَ هُدَايَ فَلَا يَضِلُّ وَلَا يَشْقَىٰ  

{قال اهبطا} أي آدم وحواء بما اشمتلنا عليه من ذريتكما {منها} من الجنة {جميعاً بعضكم} بعض الذرية {لبعض عدو} من ظلم بعضهم بعضاً {فإما} فيه إدغام نون إن الشرطية في ما المزيدة {يأتينكم مني هدى فمن اتبع هدايَ} القرآن {فلا يضل} في الدنيا {ولا يشقى} في الآخرة.