"Allah ˹audits˺ his servants during the night of the middle of ˹month of ˺ Shaʿbān then forgives the ones seeking forgiveness, bestows Mercy upon the ones seeking Mercy, and leaves the people of hatred the way they are."
«إِنَّ الله تَعَالى يَطَّلِعُ عَلَى عِبَادِه في لَيلَةِ النِّصْفِ مِنَ شَعْبَانَ، فَيَغْفِرُ لِلمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ، وَيرْحَمُ المُسْتَرْحِمينَ، وَيُؤَخِّرُ أهْلَ الحِقْدِ كَما هُم۔»
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to fast almost every month, except that he used to fast in the month of Sha'ban and connect it with Ramadan.
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ «لَا يَصُومُ شَهْرًا كَامِلًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ وَيَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ»
[Machine] "Aisha and Umm Salamah said: The Prophet ﷺ would not fast for a whole month except for Ramadan, except that he used to join it with Shaban so it would be two consecutive months. He used to fast the entire month until we would say, 'He does not break his fast,' and he would break his fast until we would say, 'He does not fast.'"
عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَأُمِّ سَلَمَةَ قَالَتَا «مَا كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَصُومُ شَهْرًا سِوَى رَمَضَانَ إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ فَيَكُونُ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ وَكَانَ يَصُومُ الشَّهْرَ حَتَّى نَقُولَ لَا يُفْطِرُ وَيُفْطِرُ حَتَّى نَقُولَ لَا يَصُومُ»
[Machine] I came to Abdullah bin Masood and said, "Some people in the neighborhood and some of our neighbors are fasting today." He asked, "Did they see the crescent?" I said, "No." He said, "Because it is more beloved to me to break my fast for a day in Ramadan and then make it up, than to fast for a day in Sha'ban."
أَتَيْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَقُلْتُ صَامَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْحَيِّ وَنَاسٌ مِنْ جِيرَانِنَا الْيَوْمَ قَالَ «عَنْ رُؤْيَةِ الْهِلَالِ؟» قَالَ لَا قَالَ «لَأَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ أَقْضِيَهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْمًا مِنْ شَعْبَانَ»
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "When the middle of Shaban comes, stop fasting." Abu Abdullah Rahman told us that no one other than Alaa bin Abdullah bin Al-Rahman narrated this Hadith.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِذَا انْتَصَفَ شَعْبَانُ فَكُفُّوا عَنِ الصَّوْمِ» قَالَ لَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ غَيْرَ الْعَلَاءِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ
[Machine] About the fasting of the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , she said, "He used to fast much of Sha'ban except a little." And I asked her about his night prayer, and she said, "His night prayer in the month of Ramadan and other months was thirteen rak'ahs, including the two rak'ahs of Fajr."
عَنْ صِيَامِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَتْ «كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا» وَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ صَلَاتِهِ بِاللَّيْلِ فَقَالَتْ «كَانَتْ صَلَاتُهُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَفِي غَيْرِهِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا رَكْعَتَا الْفَجْرِ»
[Machine] Regarding the fast of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , it was said that he used to fast most of the month of Sha'ban, except for a few days. I asked about his night prayer, and it was said that his night prayer consisted of thirteen units of prayer, including the two units of Fajr.
عَنْ صِيَامِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ إِلَّا قَلِيلًا وَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنْ صَلَاةِ اللَّيْلِ؟ فَقَالَتْ كَانَتْ صَلَاتُهُ بِاللَّيْلِ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَغَيْرِهِ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ رَكْعَةً مِنْهَا رَكْعَتَا الْفَجْرِ
[Machine] Praise be to Allah, in accordance with His worthiness and as it is fitting for Him. And I bear witness that there is no deity but Allah, alone, without any partner, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. May peace and blessings be upon him, his family, and his companions.
الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ وَكَمَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ صَلَّى الله عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَسْلِيمًا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not begin the month by fasting a day or two unless it is something that one of you regularly fasts, and do not fast until you see it (the crescent moon), then fast until you see it (the crescent moon). If it is cloudy before you, then complete the count to thirty and then break your fast (to end the month of Sha'ban)." Abu Dawood narrated this hadith, as did Hatim ibn Abi Sajirah, Shu'bah, and Al-Hasan ibn Salih, all of whom narrated from Simak. However, they did not mention the phrase "then break your fast." The Sheikh (Al-Albani) narrated this hadith from Abu Awanah, summarizing it, and added the phrase "then break your fast."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَقَدَّمُوا الشَّهْرَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ وَلَا يَوْمَيْنِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ شَيْئًا يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ وَلَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ ثُمَّ صُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوْهُ فَإِنْ حَالَ دُونَهُ غَمَامَةٌ فَأَتِمُّوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا الشَّهْرُ تِسْعٌ وَعِشْرُونَ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَرَوَاهُ حَاتِمُ بْنُ أَبِي صَغِيرَةَ وَشُعْبَةُ وَالْحَسَنُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ بِمَعْنَاهُ لَمْ يَقُولُوا ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو عَوَانَةَ عَنْ سِمَاكٍ مُخْتَصَرًا فَجَعَلَ إِكْمَالَ الْعِدَّةِ لِشَعْبَانَ
[Machine] He did not fast for a month from the year except for Sha'ban, as he used to fast the entire month of Sha'ban.
كَانَ لَا يَصُومُ مِنَ السَّنَةِ شَهْرًا إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ كُلَّهُ
She never saw the Prophet ﷺ fasting the whole month except Sha'ban which he combined with Ramadan. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2336)
النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَصُومُ مِنَ السَّنَةِ شَهْرًا تَامًّا إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ
My father said, "While we were praying with the Prophet ﷺ he heard the noise of some people. After the prayer he said, 'What is the matter?' They replied 'We were hurrying for the prayer.' He said, 'Do not make haste for the prayer, and whenever you come for the prayer, you should come with calmness, and pray whatever you get (with the people) and complete the rest which you have missed." (Using translation from Bukhārī 635)
بَيْنَا نَحْنُ نُصَلِّي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ سَمِعَ جَلَبَةَ رِجَالٍ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى دَعَاهُمْ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُكُمْ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اسْتَعْجَلْنَا إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ لَا تَفْعَلُوا إِذَا أَتَيْتُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَعَلَيْكُمْ بِالسَّكِينَةِ فَمَا أَدْرَكْتُمْ فَصَلُّوا وَمَا فَاتَكُمْ فَأَتِمُّوا
[Machine] The Prophet (PBUH) was informed that Bani Mustaliq were gathering and their leader was Harith bin Abi Dirar, the father of Juwairiyah, the wife of the Prophet (PBUH). So the Prophet (PBUH) set out until he reached a place called Muraysi' where there was water from the well of Bani Mustaliq. They prepared for the Prophet (PBUH) and the people crowded and fighting broke out. Allah gave victory to the Muslims over Bani Mustaliq, and those who were killed from them were killed. The Prophet (PBUH) took their children, wealth, and women as spoils of war and settled them in Qudaydah until they reached the coast. Ibn Ishaq said that the Prophet (PBUH) attacked it in the month of Sha'ban in the year six.
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَلَغَهُ أَنَّ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ يَجْمَعُونَ لَهُ وَقَائِدُهُمُ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ أَبُو جُوَيْرِيَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِالْمُرَيْسِيعِ مَاءٌ مِنْ مِيَاهِ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ فَأَعَدُّوا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَتَزَاحَفَ النَّاسُ فَاقْتَتَلُوا فَهَزَمَ اللهُ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَقُتِلَ مَنْ قُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ وَنَفَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَبْنَاءَهُمْ وَأَمْوَالَهُمْ وَنِسَاءَهُمْ وأَقَامَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ نَاحِيَةِ قُدَيْدٍ إِلَى السَّاحِلِ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ غَزَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ
[Machine] About Ibn Shihab's mention of the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said, "Then he fought against the Banu Mustaliq and the Banu Lihyan in the month of Sha'ban in the fifth year. This is more authentic than what was narrated from Ibn Ishaq, that it happened in the sixth year."
عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ فِي ذِكْرِ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَبَنِي لِحْيَانَ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ خَمْسٍ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ مِمَّا رُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ أَنَّ ذَلِكَ كَانَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ
[Machine] When the command concerning the Battle of the Trench and the command concerning the tribe of Qurayzah were completed, and Abu Rafi' bin Abi Al-Huqaiq, who was from the faction of Ahzab loyal to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , sought permission from the Khazraj tribe to kill Salam bin Abi Al-Huqaiq. He was in Khaybar at the time. The Khazraj tribe sought permission from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to kill him, and he gave them permission. Then he fought against the Banu Mustaliq in the month of Sha'ban in the year six. After that, he left for the Hudaybiyyah campaign in Dhul-Qa'dah. The Shaykh said: "Then there was his 'Umrah, known as the 'Umrah of Al-Qada', then the 'Umrah of Al-Ji'ranah, and finally his 'Umrah during his Farewell Hajj. All of these were after that. The killing of Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq took place before that. So how could there be a prohibition concerning killing women and children in the story of Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq, abrogating the hadith of Sa'd ibn Jathamah, who came after him? They claimed that he migrated to the Prophet ﷺ and died during the Caliphate of Abu Bakr. If he heard the hadith from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after he migrated, that would also be after the story of Ibn Abi Al-Huqaiq. Indeed, in the hadith of the gift, there is evidence that it was the first time they met the Prophet ﷺ . Thus, the subject matter of the two hadiths is what Ash-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, referred to regarding the difference in circumstances. And Allah knows best.
فَلَمَّا انْقَضَى أَمْرُ الْخَنْدَقِ وَأَمْرُ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ وَكَانَ أَبُو رَافِعٍ سَلَّامُ بْنُ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ مِمَّنْ كَانَ حَزَّبَ الْأَحْزَابَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ اسْتَأْذَنَتِ الْخَزْرَجُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي قَتْلِ سَلَّامِ بْنِ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ وَكَانَ بِخَيْبَرَ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ فِيهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ غَزَا بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ سِتٍّ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فِي ذِي الْقَعْدَةِ مُعْتَمِرًا عَامَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ ثُمَّ كَانَتْ عُمْرَتُهُ الَّتِي تُسَمَّى عُمْرَةَ الْقَضَاءِ ثُمَّ عُمْرَةُ الْجِعْرَانَةِ ثُمَّ عُمْرَتُهُ فِي سَنَةِ حَجَّتِهِ كُلُّهُنَّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ وَقَتْلُ ابْنُ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ كَانَ قَبْلَهُنَّ فَكَيْفَ يَكُونُ نَهْيُهُ فِي قِصَّةِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالْوِلْدَانِ نَاسِخًا لِحَدِيثِ الصَّعْبِ بْنِ جَثَّامَةَ الَّذِي كَانَ بَعْدَهُ؟ وَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُ هَاجَرَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَمَاتَ فِي خِلَافَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَإِنْ كَانَ سَمَاعُهُ الْحَدِيثَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ مَا هَاجَرَ فَيَكُونُ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا بَعْدَ قِصَّةِ ابْنِ أَبِي الْحُقَيْقِ فَإِنَّ فِي حَدِيثِ الْهَدِيَّةِ مَا دَلَّ عَلَى أَنَّهُ أَوَّلُ مَا الْتَقَى بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَيَكُونُ وَجْهُ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ مَا أَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ مِنَ اخْتِلَافِ الْحَالَيْنِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
whoever stands during the two nights of ʿĪd ˹for night Ṣalāh˺ in repentance for the sake of Allah, his heart will not die when the hearts die (i.e. out of the fear of the Day of Judgement ).
Shāfiʿī said that it reached us that it has been said that the duʿāʾ (supplication) is answered during five nights: (1) the night of Friday, (2) the night ˹of the ʿĪd˺ of Aḍḥá, (3) the night ˹of the ʿĪd˺ of Fiṭr, (4) the first night of ˹the month of˺ Rajab, and (5) the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān. He also said that it has reached us that Ibn ʿUmar used to make the night of Jamʿ alive ˹with night Ṣalāh˺ where the night of Jamʿ is the night of ʿĪd because its morning is of sacrifice.
مَنْ قَامَ لَيْلَتَيِ الْعِيدِ لِلَّهِ مُحْتَسِبًا فَلَمْ يَمُتْ قَلْبُهُ حِينَ تَمُوتَ الْقُلُوبُ
قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُقَالُ إِنَّ الدُّعَاءَ يُسْتَجَابُ فِي خَمْسِ لَيَالٍ: (١) فِي لَيْلَةِ الْجُمُعَةِ، (٢) وَلَيْلَةِ الْأَضْحَى، (٣) وَلَيْلَةِ الْفِطْرِ، (٤) وَأَوَّلِ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَجَبٍ، (٥) وَلَيْلَةِ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ۔ قَالَ وَبَلَغَنَا أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يُحْيِي لَيْلَةَ جَمْعٍ وَلَيْلَةُ جَمْعٍ هِيَ لَيْلَةُ الْعِيدِ؛ لِأَنَّ فِي صُبْحِهَا النَّحْرُ
[Machine] These are the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in which he fought on the day of Badr in the month of Ramadan in the second year. Then he fought on the day of Uhud in the month of Shawwal in the third year. Then he fought on the day of the trench, which is the day of the confederates, and the Banu Quraiza in the month of Shawwal in the fourth year. Then he fought the Banu Mustaliq and the Banu Lihyan in the month of Sha'ban in the fifth year. Then he fought on the day of Khaybar in the sixth year. Then he fought on the day of the conquest in Ramadan in the eighth year. And he fought on the day of Hunayn and besieged the people of Ta'if in the month of Shawwal in the eighth year. And he mentioned the remainder of the hadith, 11304. And Abu al-Husayn ibn al-Fadl al-Qattan narrated to us in Baghdad that Abdullah ibn Ja'far told us, Ya'qub ibn Sufyan narrated to us, Hassan ibn Abdullah told me, from Ibn Lah'i'ah, Abu al-Aswad narrated to me, from Urwah, he said: This is a mention of the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in which he fought. Ya'qub said: Ibrahim ibn al-Mundhir narrated to me, Muhammad ibn Fuleih narrated to me, from Musa, from Ibn Shihab, he said: This is a mention of the battles of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in which he fought, and he mentioned it with a similar narration from Hanbal.
هَذِهِ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّتِي قَاتَلَ فِيهَا يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ اثْنَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثٍ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ الْخَنْدَقِ وَهُوَ يَوْمُ الْأَحْزَابِ وَبَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ بَنِي الْمُصْطَلِقِ وَبَنِي لِحْيَانَ فِي شَعْبَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ خَمْسٍ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ مِنْ سَنَةِ سِتٍّ ثُمَّ قَاتَلَ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فِي رَمَضَانَ مِنْ سَنَةِ ثَمَانٍ وَقَاتَلَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَحَاصَرَ أَهْلَ الطَّائِفِ فِي شَوَّالٍ سَنَةَ ثَمَانٍ وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ 11304 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ الْقَطَّانُ بِبَغْدَادَ أنبأ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ حَدَّثَنِي حَسَّانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ عَنِ ابْنِ لَهِيعَةَ ثنا أَبُو الْأَسْوَدِ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ هَذَا ذِكْرُ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّتِي قَاتَلَ فِيهَا قَالَ يَعْقُوبُ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ فُلَيْحٍ عَنْ مُوسَى عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ قَالَ هَذَا ذِكْرُ مَغَازِي رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ الَّتِي قَاتَلَ فِيهَا فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِ رِوَايَةِ حَنْبَلٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Count the crescent of Sha'ban for the month of Ramadan of 7941, and Abu Bakr ibn Al-Harith Al-Faqih informed us that Ali ibn Umar Al-Hafiz narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Makhlad narrated to us, Muslim ibn Al-Hajjaj Abu Al-Husain narrated to us, and Yahya ibn Yahya mentioned it and added to it, 'Do not confuse it with Ramadan unless it coincides with fasting that one of you observes. Fast upon sighting it, and break your fast upon sighting it. But if it is ambiguous to you, then the count should not obscure you.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَحْصُوا هِلَالَ شَعْبَانَ لِرَمَضَانَ 7941 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ ثنا مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى فَذَكَرَهُ وَزَادَ فِيهِ وَلَا تَخْلِطُوا بِرَمَضَانَ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَافِقَ ذَلِكَ صِيَامًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ وَصُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَإِنَّهَا لَيْسَتْ تُغَمَّى عَلَيْكُمُ الْعِدَّةُ
[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Fast upon sighting the crescent of Ramadan and break the fast upon sighting the crescent of Shawwal. However, if a cloud or fog comes between you and the crescent, then complete thirty days of Sha'ban and do not begin Ramadan with a day of fasting from Sha'ban. And it is as if he mentioned the ruling for both sides, and each of them narrated one of the two sides."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ صُومُوا رَمَضَانَ لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ حَالَ بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَيْنَهُ غَمَامَةٌ أَوْ ضَبَابَةٌ فَأَكْمِلُوا شَهْرَ شَعْبَانَ ثَلَاثِينَ وَلَا تَسْتَقْبِلُوا رَمَضَانَ بِصَوْمِ يَوْمٍ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ وَكَأَنَّهُ ذَكَرَ الْحُكْمَ فِي الطَّرَفَيْنِ جَمِيعًا فَرَوَى كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا أَحَدَ طَرَفَيْهِ
[Machine] I heard a man ask the Prophet ﷺ about the day in which some people doubt whether it belongs to Sha'ban or Ramadan. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not fast until you see the crescent moon, and do not break your fast until you see the crescent moon. But if the sky is cloudy for you, then complete the count of thirty days."
سَمِعْتُ رَجُلًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنِ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ فَيَقُولُ بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا مِنْ شَعْبَانَ وَبَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَصُومُوا حَتَّى تَرَوَا الْهِلَالَ وَلَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى تَرَوَا الْهِلَالَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَأَكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ ثَلَاثِينَ
[Machine] When it was the night on which the Prophet ﷺ received the first revelation of the Qur'an, he performed the Maghrib prayer, and then said, "Indeed, this month is written upon you a month of fasting, and Allah has not prescribed the optional night prayer upon you. So whoever is able to establish it should do so, for it is from the extra good deeds which Allah has prescribed for you. And whoever is not able to do so, let him sleep on his bed and not say, 'I fasted and prayed at night as so-and -so did.' Whoever fasts or prays at night, let him do it for the sake of Allah, and reduce idle talk and nonsense in the houses of Allah. And let each of you know that during the prayer you are waiting for, do not anticipate the beginning of the month from your own calculation or by sighting the moon. Fast when you see it and break the fast when you see it, but if you are unable to see it, then count Sha`ban as thirty days. And do not break the fast until the night is completely dark."
كَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِذَا كَانَتِ اللَّيْلَةُ الَّتِي يُشَكُّ فِيهَا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ قَامَ حِينَ يُصَلِّي الْمَغْرِبَ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ هَذَا شَهْرٌ كَتَبَ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبْ عَلَيْكُمْ قِيَامَهُ فَمَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَقُومَ فَلْيَقُمْ فَإِنَّهَا مِنْ نَوَافِلِ الْخَيْرِ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللهُ ﷻ بِهَا وَمَنْ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ فَلْيَنَمْ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ وَلَا يَقُلْ قَائِلٌ إِنْ صَامَ فُلَانٌ صُمْتُ وَإِنْ قَامَ فُلَانٌ قُمْتُ فَمَنْ صَامَ أَوْ قَامَ فَلْيَجْعَلْ ذَلِكَ لِلَّهِ ﷻ أَقِلُّوا اللَّغْوَ فِي بُيُوتِ اللهِ ﷻ وَلْيَعْلَمْ أَحَدُكُمْ أَنَّهُ فِي صَلَاةٍ مَا انْتَظَرَ الصَّلَاةَ أَلَا لَا يَتَقَدَّمَنَّ الشَّهْرَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدٌ صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعُدُّوا شَعْبَانَ ثَلَاثِينَ ثُمَّ لَا تُفْطِرُوا حَتَّى يَغسِقَ اللَّيْلُ عَلَى الظِّرَابِ
[Machine] They differed regarding a day that is uncertain whether it is from Ramadan or from Sha'ban. We came to Anas and found him sitting, having his pre-dawn meal. We also narrated from Hudhayfah ibn al-Yaman that he used to prohibit fasting on the day that is doubtful. Ibn Abbas also said that he used to say, "Distinguish between fasting in Ramadan and Sha'ban by breaking the fast."
اخْتَلَفُوا فِي يَوْمٍ لَا يُدْرَى أَمِنْ رَمَضَانَ هُوَ أَمْ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ فَأَتَيْنَا أَنَسًا فَوَجَدْنَاهُ جَالِسًا يَتَغَدَّى وَرُوِّينَا عَنْ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَنْهَى عَنْ صَوْمِ الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ افْصِلُوا يَعْنِي بَيْنَ صَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ وَشَعْبَانَ بِفَطْرٍ
[Machine] He broke his fast one day during Ramadan due to the wording of a hadith from Rawh. In another narration, it states that he broke his fast for more than a month when he was overcome by distress and did not say "Mawla" to the Banu Nasr.
أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ رَوْحٍ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ يَزِيدَ عَنِ الشَّهْرِ إِذَا غُمَّ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ مَوْلًى لِبَنِي نَصْرٍ
[Machine] She used to fast on the day that was doubtful in Ramadan. Ohthman narrated to us, Zaid bin Hubab narrated from Muawiyah bin Saleh, from Abu Maryam, from Abu Hurairah, he said, "To fast on the day that is doubtful in Sha'ban is more beloved to me than fasting one day in Ramadan." This was narrated by Abu Hurairah through this chain of narration, as well as the narration of Abu Salamah from Abu Hurairah, from the Prophet ﷺ , in the prohibition of advancing the fast except if it coincides with a fast he used to observe, which is more authentic than that. As for what has been narrated from Ali, it is only mentioned when a person testifies to seeing the moon, and that is subject to the will of Allah, the Almighty. As for the view of Ibn Umar on this matter, we have mentioned it previously, and the narration of Yazid bin Harun indicates that the view of Aisha on this matter is similar to the view of Ibn Umar regarding fasting when the month is cloudy without being clear and following the established Sunnah, which is what most of the Companions and knowledgeable people have upheld. May Allah guide us, and success is by Allah's will.
أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَصُومُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ حُبَابٍ عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ صَالِحٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ
لَأَنْ أَصُومَ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ كَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ وَرِوَايَةُ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي النَّهْيِ عَنِ التَّقَدُّمِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُوَافِقَ صَوْمًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَصَحُّ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَأَمَّا الَّذِي رُوِيَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا قَالَهُ عِنْدَ شَهَادَةِ رَجُلٍ عَلَى رُؤْيَةِ الْهِلَالِ وَذَلِكَ يَرِدُ إِنْ شَاءَ اللهُ تَعَالَى وَأَمَّا مَذْهَبُ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَاهُ فِيمَا مَضَى وَرِوَايَةُ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ تَدُلُّ عَلَى أَنَّ مَذْهَبَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ فِي ذَلِكَ كَمَذْهَبِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ فِي الصَّوْمِ إِذَا غُمَّ الشَّهْرُ دُونَ أَنْ يَكُونَ صَحْوًا وَمُتَابَعَةُ السُّنَّةِ الثَّابِتَةِ وَمَا عَلَيْهِ أَكْثَرُ الصَّحَابَةِ وَعَوَامِّ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَوْلَى بِنَا وَبِاللهِ التَّوْفِيقُ
[Machine] A man recounted that he witnessed with Ali the sighting of the new moon of Ramadan, so he fasted and I think he said to the people to also fast. He said, "I fast one day from Sha'ban, which is more beloved to me than breaking the fast one day in Ramadan."
أَنَّ رَجُلًا شَهِدَ عِنْدَ عَلِيٍّ ؓ عَلَى رُؤْيَةِ هِلَالِ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَ وَأَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ وَأَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يَصُومُوا وَقَالَ أَصُومُ يَوْمًا مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ
[Machine] Yahya Al-Shughoul is from the messenger of Allah ﷺ.
يَحْيَى الشُّغُلُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ
“I saw in a dream that I was at the gate of Paradise, and I saw them both. Someone had come out from Paradise and he gave permission to the one who died last (to enter); then he came out and gave permission to the one who had been martyred. Then they both came back to me and said to me: Go back, for your time has not yet come.” The next morning, Talhah told the people about that and they were amazed by it. News of that reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said: “Why are you amazed?ʿ They said: “O Messenger of Allah, this one strove harder in worship and then was martyred for the sake of Allah, but the other one entered Paradise before him?” He said: ʿDid he not remain for a year after (the other one) died?” They said: “Yes.” He said: “Did he not live until Ramadan came and fast it?” They said: “Yes.” He said: ʿDid he not pray this many rakʿahs during that year?ʿ They said: “Yes.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Verily, the distance between them is the distance between heaven and earth.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 1403)
أَنَّ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْ بَلِيٍّ قَدِمَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ إِسْلَامُهُمَا مَعًا وَكَانَ أَحَدُهُمَا أَشَدَّ اجْتِهَادًا مِنَ الْآخَرِ فَغَزَا الْمُجْتَهِدُ مِنْهُمَا فَاسْتُشْهِدَ ثُمَّ مَكَثَ الْآخَرُ بَعْدَهُ سَنَةً ثُمَّ تُوُفِّيَ قَالَ طَلْحَةُ بَيْنَا أَنَا عِنْدَ بَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فِي النَّوْمِ إِذْ أَنَا بِهِمَا فَخَرَجَ خَارِجٌ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ فَأَذِنَ لِلَّذِي مَاتَ الْآخِرَ مِنْهُمَا ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَأَذِنَ لِلَّذِي اسْتُشْهِدَ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيَّ فَقَالَ ارْجِعْ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَأْنِ لَكَ فَأَصْبَحَ طَلْحَةُ فَحَدَّثَ النَّاسَ فَعَجِبُوا؛ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مِنْ أِيِّ ذَلِكَ تَعْجَبُونَ ؟ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَذَا الَّذِي كَانَ أَشَدَّ الرَّجُلَيْنِ اجْتِهَادًا فَاسْتُشْهِدَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ فَدَخَلَ الْآخَرُ الْجَنَّةَ قَبْلَهُ قَالَ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ مَكَثَ هَذَا بَعْدَهُ سَنَةً وَأَدْرَكَ رَمَضَانَ فَصَامَهُ ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ وَصَلَّى كَذَا وَكَذَا مِنْ سَجْدَةٍ فِي السَّنَةِ ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا أَبْعَدُ مِمَّا بَيْنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ تَابَعَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ
"Allah ﷻ observes the Kaʿbah every year, and that ˹occurs˺ during the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān, and thus the hearts of the believers long to ˹see/visit˺ it."
«إِنَّ الله تَعَالى يَلحَظُ إِلَى الكَعْبَةِ في كُل عَام لَحْظَة، وَذَلِكَ فِي لَيلَةِ النصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ؛ فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَحِنُّ إِلَيهَا قُلُوبُ المُؤْمِنيِنَ۔»
"Allah ﷻ descends the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān to the lowest sky and then forgives more ˹people˺ than the number of hair on the sheep of ˹the tribe of˺ (Banū) Kalb."
«إِنَّ الله تَعالى ينْزِلُ لَيلة النِّصْف مِنْ شَعْبَانَ إِلى سَمَاء الدُّنْيَا فَيَغْفِرُ لأكثَرَ مِنْ عَدَدِ شَعْر غَنَم كَلبٍ۔»
"When it is the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān, Allah forgives more sins than the number of hair on the sheep of ˹the tribe of˺ (Banū) Kalb."
«إِذا كانَ ليلةُ النصف من شعبان يَغْفِرُ الله الذنوب أكثَر من عددِ شعرِ غنمِ كلبٍ۔»
"When it is the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān then do not ˹continue to˺ fast."
«إذا كانَ النِّصفُ مِنْ شعبانَ فلا تَصُومُوا۔»
"When one half of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān remains then do not ˹continue to˺ fast."
«إذَا بَقِي نصفٌ مِنْ شعْبانَ فلا تَصُومُوا۔»
"Four of their nights are like their days, and their days are like their nights; Allah fulfills his oath in these, frees progenies in these, and grants to a large number of people: ˹these are:˺ (1) the night of al-Qadr ˹in the month of Ramaḍān˺ and its morning, (2) the night of ʿArafah ˹in the month of Dhū al-Ḥijjah˺ and its morning, (3) the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān, [and (4) the night of ˹every˺ Friday and its morning.]
«أربعُ لَياليِهنَّ كأيامِهنَّ، وأيامُهنَّ كلَيالِيهن، يَبَرُّ الله فيهنَّ الْقَسم، ويُعتِقُ فيهنَّ النَّسم، ويُعطِى فيهنَّ الجزيلَ: (١) ليلةُ القدرِ وصباحُها، (٢) وليلةُ عرفة وَصَباحُها، (٣) وليلةُ النِّصفِ مِنْ شعبانَ وصباحُها، (٤ وليلةُ الجمعةِ وصباحُها)۔»
"Allah descends to the lowest sky during the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān and then forgives everything ˹from the people˺, except for the one who associates partners with Him or the one whose heart has malice."
"يَنْزِلُ اللَّه إِلى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا لَيْلَة النِّصفِ مِنْ شعبانَ فَيغْفرُ لِكُلِّ شئٍ إِلَّا رجلًا مُشْرِكًا، أو رجُلًا فِى قلبِهِ شَحْنَاءُ".
"Allah ﷻ descends to the lowest sky during the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān and then forgives every believer except a disrespectful or a hateful person."
«ينَزِلُ اللَّه إِلى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا لَيْلَة النِّصفِ مِنْ شعبانَ فَيغْفرُ لِكُلِّ مؤمنٍ إِلَّا العَاقَّ والمُشَاحِنَ۔»
"Our Lord descends to the lowest sky during during the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān and then forgives the people of Earth, except for the one who associates partners with Him or the one filled with malice."
«ينَزِلُ رَبُّنَا إِلى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا فِى النِّصْفِ مِنْ شعبانَ فَيغْفرُ لأَهِلِ الأَرْضِ إلَّا مُشْرِكًا أَوْ مشاحنًا۔»
"Allah ˹audits˺ his creation during the night of the middle of ˹the month of ˺ Shaʿbān and then He forgives all His servants, except two: the one filled with hate and a murderer."
«يَطَّلعُ اللَّه عَلَى خَلْقِهِ لَيْلَة النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ، فَيَغْفِرُ لِعِبَادِهِ إِلَّا اثْنَيْنِ: مُشَاحِنٌ أَوْ قَاتِلُ نَفْسٍ۔»
"Whosoever livens up (staying awake in the night prayer and supplication) the two nights of ʿĪd, and the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān, his heart will not die when the hearts die (i.e. out of the fear of the Day of Judgement)."
«مَنْ أَحْيَا لَيلَتِى الْعِيدِ، ولَيلَة النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ لَمْ يمُتْ قَلبُهُ يَوْمَ تَمُوتُ الْقُلُوبُ۔»
I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the night of the middle of the ˹month of˺ Shaʿbān. He stood and prayed fourteen rakaʿah (units) then sat down after finishing ˹the prayer˺. He then read (1) Umm al-Qurʿān (Fātiḥah 1) fourteen times, (2) "Say, He is Allah, the Unique" (al-Ikhlāṣ 112) fourteen times, (3) "Say, I seek refuge in the Lord of the Daybreak" (Falaq 113) fourteen times, (4) "Say, I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind" (Nās 114), (5) Āyat al-Kursī (Baqarah 2:255) once, and (6) ˹the āyah˺ "There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves..." (Tawbah 9:128) ˹once˺. When he finished his prayer, I asked him about what he did. He said, "Whosoever does ˹an action˺ similar to what you saw, he shall have ˹the reward˺ of ˹completing˺ ten accepted Ḥajj and ˹the reward of˺ twenty years of accepted fasting. And if he was fasting on that day, then he will have ˹the reward˺ of sixty years ˹of fasting˺ both prior and future."
رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ الله ﷺ لَيْلة النِّصْفِ من شَعْبَانَ قامَ فَصَلَّى أربَع عشرة رَكْعَةً، ثُمَّ جَلَس بَعْدَ الْفَرَاغ فَقَرأَ بِأُمِّ الْقُرآنِ أربعَ عشرةَ مَرَّةً، وَ{قُلْ هُوَ الله أَحَدٌ} أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَة مَرَّةً، وَ{قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ الْفَلَقِ} أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مَرَّةً، وَ{قُلْ أَعُوذُ بِرَبِّ النَّاسِ} أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مَرَّةً، وآيَةَ الكُرْسِى مَرَّةً، وَ{لَقَدْ جَاءَكُم رسُولٌ مِنْ أَنْفُسكُمْ}. الآيَةَ، فَلمَّا فَرغَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ سَألتُهُ عَمَّا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ صَنِيعِهِ، قالَ: «مَنْ صَنَعَ مِثْلَ الذى رَأَيْتَ كانَ لَهُ كعِشْرِينَ حَجَّةً مَبْرُورَةً، وَصِيَامِ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً مَقْبُولَةً، فَإنْ أَصْبَحَ في ذَلكَ الْيَوْمِ صَائِمًا كانَ لهُ كَصِيامِ سَنَتَيْنِ سَنَةٍ مَاضِية وَسَنة مُسْتَقبلَةٍ۔»
"Nothing veils the saying of 'There is no god except Allah' except what comes out of the mouth of the one who has mustaches on the night of the middle of Shaʿbān."
«لَا يَحْجُبُ قَوْلَ لَا إِلَهَ إلا الله عَنِ الله إلا مَا خَرَجَ مِنْ فَمِ صَاحِبِ الشاربين لَيلَةَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ۔»
When it is the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān, the Angel cancels who will die in Shaʿbān, and whether the person would oppress or transgress or marry women, and his name has been canceled from the ones who will die. And there is no night after the Night of Qadr better than it: Allah ﷻ descends to the lowest sky and then forgives everyone except for (1) an idolator, (2) a hateful person, and (3) one who breaks ties of kinship.
"إِذَا كَانَ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ نَسَخَ المَلَكُ مَنْ يَمُوتُ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ، وَإِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَظْلِمُ وَيْفَجُرُ وَيَنْكِحُ النِّسْوَانَ، وَقَد نُسِخَ اسْمُهُ مِنَ الأَحْيَاءِ إِلَى الأَمْوَاتِ، وَمَا مِنْ لَيْلَة بَعدَ لَيْلَةِ القَدْرِ أفضل مِنْهَا، يَنْزِلُ اللَّهُ -تَعَالَى- إِلَى السَّمَاءِ الدُّنْيَا، فَيَغْفِرُ لكل أحد إِلَّا (١) لِمُشْرِكٍ أَوْ (٢) مُشَاحِنٍ أَوْ (٣) قَاطِعِ رَحِمٍ۔"
"When it is the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān, a caller calls out: Is there one seeking forgiveness that I may forgive him? Is there someone asking that I may grant him? Then no one will be asking for a thing except it will be granted, excluding an adulteress or someone who associates partners ˹with Allah˺."
«إِذا كانَ ليلةُ النِّصف منْ شعبانَ نادَى منادٍ: هلْ مِنْ مُسْتَغَفِرٍ فأغفرَ له؟ هلْ منْ سائلٍ فأعْطِيَه، فلا يسألُ أحدٌ شيئًا إِلّا أُعْطِى إِلَّا الزَّانيةُ بفرجِها أَوْ مُشْرِكٌ۔»
"When it is the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān then withhold fasting until it is ˹the month of˺ Ramaḍān except when fasting is ˹habitually or ritually obligitatory˺ upon him, and thus he should ˹continue˺ and not cut off ˹fasting˺."
«إِذا كانَ النِّصفُ مِنْ شعْبانَ فأمْسكُوا عن الصَّومِ حتَّى يدخلَ رمضانُ إِلا أن يكونَ عليه صومٌ فليَسْرُدْ ولا يقطعْ۔»
that Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī entered upon ʿĀʾishah then ʿĀʾishah said to him: O Abū Saʿīd, tell me something you heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and I shall then tell you what I saw him do. Abū Saʿīd said: ˹Once˺ when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to ˹offer˺ the Subḥ Ṣalāh (the ritual prayer at dawn), he said: "O Allah fill my hearing with nūr (illumination), and my sight with nūr, and before me nūr, and behind me nūr, and on the right of me nūr, and on the left of me nūr, and above me nūr, and below me nūr, and magnify my nūr through Your Mercy." Then they both agreed.
ʿĀʾishah said: ˹Once˺ the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon me then he took of his two garments but then he did not finish since he stood up and wore them ˹again.˺ Then a strong sense of jealousy struck me where I assumed that he is going to go to some of my co-wives. So I left following him and found him at the Baqīʿ, Baqīʿ al-Gharqad (name of a graveyard), seeking forgiveness for the believing men and women, and the martyrs. Then I said: By my father and mother, you are in need of your Lord and I am in need of this world. Then I left and entered my apartment and I out was out of breath.
Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ caught up with me and said, "What this ˹heavy˺ breathing, O ʿĀʾishah?" I said: By my father and mother, you came to me and took of your two garments then you didn't finish since you stood up and wore them ˹again.˺ and then a strong sense of jealousy struck me and I assumed that you will go to one of my co-wives, and ˹I felt this way˺ until I saw you at Baqīʿ doing what you were doing.
He said, "O ʿĀʾishah, were you afraid that you that Allah and His Messenger would wrong you? As a matter of fact, Jibrīl (Gabriel), may peace be upon him, came to me and said that tonight is the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān. ˹This night˺ there are those who are freed from the Hellfire as many as the number of hairs on the sheep of the ˹tribe of˺ Banū Kalb . ˹However,˺ Allah does not look at (1) the one who associate partners with Him, nor at (2) a hateful person, nor at (3) the one who severs ties of kinship, nor at (4) an ˹ostentatious˺ person with long clothing, nor at (5) the one who disowns his parents, nor at (6) the one who is addicted to alcohol."
He (the narrator) said: Then he took off his two garments and said to me, "O ʿĀʾishah, do you allow me to stand up tonight ˹for the night Ṣalāh˺?" I said: Yes, by my father and mother. The he stood ˹the night˺ and did sajdah (prostrated) for a very long time until I thought that he has passed away. So I touched him and put my hands on the bottom of his feet and then he moved and I was happy.
I heard him say during his sajdah: "I seek refuge through Your Grace from Your punishment, and I seek refuge through Your Pleasure from Your Displeasure, and I seek refuge through You from ˹Your wrath˺, Mighty and Sublime is Your Essence, I cannot enumerate Your Praises as You have assigned Praised for Yourself."
Then when it was morning, I mentioned these ˹phrases˺ to him then he said, "O ʿĀʾishah, did you learn them?" I said: Yes. Then he said, "Learn them and teach them, for Jibrīl, may peace be upon him, taught these to me and ordered me that I repeat them in my sajdahs.
أنَّ أبا سَعِيدٍ الخُدْرِيَّ دَخَلَ عَلى عائِشَةَ، فَقالَتْ لَهُ عائِشَةُ: يا أبا سَعِيدٍ حَدِّثْنِي بِشَيْءٍ سَمِعْتَهُ مِن رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، وأُحَدِّثُكَ بِما رَأيْتُهُ يَصْنَعُ، قالَ أبُو سَعِيدٍ: كانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إذا خَرَجَ إلى صَلاةِ الصُّبْحِ، قالَ: «اللهُمَّ امْلَأْ سَمْعِي نُورًا، وبَصَرِي نُورًا، ومِن بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ نُورًا، ومِن خَلْفِي نُورًا، وعَنْ يَمِينِي نُورًا، وعَنْ شِمالِي نُورًا، ومِن فَوْقِي نُورًا، ومِن تَحْتِي نُورًا، وعَظِّمْ لِيَ النُّورَ بِرَحْمَتِكَ». وفِي رِوايَةِ مُحَمَّدٍ: «وأعْظِمْ لِي نُورًا» ثُمَّ اتَّفَقا۔
قالَتْ عائِشَةُ: دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَوَضَعَ عَنْهُ ثَوْبَيْهِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يَسْتَتِمَّ أنْ قامَ فَلَبِسَهُما۔ فَأخَذَتْنِي غَيْرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ ظَنَنْتُ أنَّهُ يَأْتِي بَعْضَ صُوَيْحِباتِي۔ فَخَرَجْتُ أتْبَعَهُ فَأدْرَكْتُهُ بِالبَقِيعِ بَقِيعِ الغَرْقَدِ يَسْتَغْفِرُ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ والمُؤْمِناتِ والشُّهَداءِ، فَقُلْتُ: بِأبِي وأُمِّي أنْتَ فِي حاجَةِ رَبِّكَ، وأنا فِي حاجَةِ الدُّنْيا فانْصَرَفْتُ، فَدَخَلْتُ حُجْرَتِي ولِي نَفَسٌ عالٍ۔
ولَحِقَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، فَقالَ: «ما هَذا النَّفَسُ يا عائِشَةُ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: بِأبِي وأُمِّي أتَيْتَنِي فَوَضَعْتَ عَنْكَ ثَوْبَيْكَ ثُمَّ لَمْ تَسْتَتِمَّ أنْ قُمْتَ فَلَبِسْتَهُما فَأخَذَتْنِي غَيْرَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، ظَنَنْتُ أنَّكَ تَأْتِي بَعْضَ صُوَيْحِباتِي حَتّى رَأيْتُكَ بِالبَقِيعِ تَصْنَعُ ما تَصْنَعُ۔
قالَ: «يا عائِشَةُ أكُنْتِ تَخافِينَ أنْ يَحِيفَ اللهُ عَلَيْكِ ورَسُولُهُ، بَلْ أتانِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، فَقالَ: هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةُ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِن شَعْبانَ ولِلَّهِ فِيها عُتَقاءُ مِنَ النّارِ بِعَدَدِ شُعُورِ غَنَمِ كَلْبٍ، لا يَنْظُرُ اللهُ فِيها (١) إلى مُشْرِكٍ، (٢) ولا إلى مُشاحِنٍ، (٣) ولا إلى قاطِعِ رَحِمٍ، (٤) ولا إلى مُسْبِلٍ، (٥) ولا إلى عاقٍّ لِوالِدَيْهِ، (٦) ولا إلى مُدْمِنِ خَمْرٍ»
قالَ: ثُمَّ وضْعَ عَنْهُ ثَوْبَيْهِ، فَقالَ لِي: «يا عائِشَةُ تَأْذَنِينَ لِي فِي قِيامِ هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ بِأبِي وأُمِّي، فَقامَ فَسَجَدَ لَيْلًا طَوِيلًا حَتّى ظَنَنْتُ أنَّهُ قُبِضَ فَقُمْتُ ألْتَمِسْهُ، ووَضَعْتُ يَدِي عَلى باطِنِ قَدَمَيْهِ فَتَحَرَّكَ فَفَرِحْتُ۔
وسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ: «أعُوذُ بِعَفْوِكَ مِن عِقابِكَ، وأعُوذُ بِرِضاكَ مِن سَخَطِكَ، وأعُوذُ بِكَ مِنكَ، جَلَّ وجْهُكَ، لا أُحْصِي ثَناءً عَلَيْكَ أنْتَ كَما أثْنَيْتَ عَلى نَفْسِكَ»
فَلَمّا أصْبَحَ ذَكَرْتُهُنَّ لَهُ فَقالَ: «يا عائِشَةُ تَعَلَّمْتِهُنَّ؟»، فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، فَقالَ: «تَعَلَّمِيهِنَّ وعَلِّمِيهِنَّ، فَإنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ عَلَّمَنِيهِنَّ وأمَرَنِي أنْ أُرَدِّدَهُنَّ فِي السُّجُودِ»،
"There ˹should be˺ no fasting after the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān until the ˹month of˺ Ramaḍān. ˹However,˺ who has a fasting ˹obligation˺ upon him he must continue ˹to fast˺ and not cut off ˹fasting˺.”
«لَا صَوْمَ بَعْدَ النِّصْف مِنْ شَعْبَانَ حَتَّى رَمَضَانَ، وَمَنْ كَانَ عَلَيه صَوْمُ يَوْمٍ فَليَسْرُدْهُ وَلَا يَقْطَعْهُ۔»
[Machine] On the night of the middle of Sha'ban, the Prophet ﷺ slipped out from his blanket and by Allah, he was not wearing a hat, a turban, or any clothes made of cotton or silk, his garment was made of hair. Even though his flesh was from the meat of camels, I thought he had brought some of his wives, so I said, "Shall I look for you (to see if anyone is with you) in the house ?" My hand happened to touch his feet while he was prostrating and had heard him saying while supplicating: "my humility is on its forehead, my intelligence and my trust of you are on your heart, I ask your blessings and admit my faults. You are the only one who can forgive great sins. I seek your forgiveness and protection from your punishment, your anger and your displeasure. I seek refuge in your mercy, and am hopeful that you will be pleased with me. I never stop praising you. As you have praised yourself, he stayed standing or sitting until I saw him in the morning; his feet were swollen because of the bleeding. I asked him: "did Allah not forgive you everything, past and future?" He replied, "O Aisha! Should I not be a grateful servant? Do you know what this night is?" I asked, "What is it?" He replied, "Every newborn is written on this night. Every deceased is written on this night. Their sustenance descends and their deeds are elevated." I asked, "O Messenger of Allah, is not everyone saved by the mercy of Allah?" He said, "Yes." I asked, "What about you?" He replied, "Only if Allah envelops me in His mercy." And he wiped his hand over his face.
"لَمَّا كَانَتْ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ انْسَلَّ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ مِرطى وَالله مَا كَانَ مِنْ جَزْءٍ وَلَا قَزٍّ وَلَا مِنْ كِتَّانٍ، وَلَا كُرْسُفٍ، وَلَا صُوفٍ إِلَّا كَانَ سُدَاهُ مِنْ شَعَرٍ، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ لُحْمَتُهُ مِنْ وَبَر الإِبِلِ، فَأَحْسِبُ نَفْسِي أَنْ يَكُونَ أَتَى بَعْضَ نِسَائِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: أَلْتِمَسُهُ فِي البَيْتِ، فَوَقَعَتْ يَدِي عَلَى قَدَمَيْهِ وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ، فَحَفِظْتُ مِنْ دُعَائِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: سَجَدَ لَكَ سَوَادِي، وَخَيَالِي، وَآمَنَ بِكَ فؤادي، أبوء لك بِالنِّعَمِ، وَأَعْتَرِفُ لَكَ بِالذَّنْبِ، ظَلَمْتُ نَفْسِي فَاغْفِر لِي إِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذَّنْبَ العَظِيمَ إِلا أَنْتَ، أَعُوذُ بِعَفْوِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَتِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِرَحْمَتِكَ مِنْ نِقمَتِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ، جَلَّ وَجْهُكَ، لَا أُحْصِي ثَنَاءً عَلَيْكَ، أَنْتَ كَمَا أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ، فَمَا زَالَ قَائِمًا وَقَاعِدًا حَتَّى أَصْبَحْتُ فَأَصبَحَ وَقدِ اصْطَهَدَتْ قَدَمَاهُ، وَإِنِّي لا عمرها وَأَقُولُ: بِأَبي وَأُمِّي أَلَيْسَ غَفَرَ اللهُ - تَعَالَى - لَكَ مَا تَقَدَّمَ وَمَا تَأَخَّرَ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا عَائِشَةُ! أَفَلا أَكَوُنُ عَبْدًا شَكُورًا؟ هَلْ تَدْرِيْنَ مَا فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ؟ قُلْتُ: وَمَا فِيهَا؟ قَالَ: فِيهَا يكْتَبُ كُلُّ مَوْلُودٍ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، وَفِيهَا يُكْتَبُ كُلُّ مَيِّتٍ، وَفِيهَا تَنْزِلُ أَرْزَاقُهُمْ وَفِيهَا تُرْفَعُ أَعْمَالُهُمْ، قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ! مَا أَحَدٌ يَدْخُلُ الجَنَّةَ إِلا بِرَحمةِ اللهِ - تَعَالَى-؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قُلْتُ: وَلَا أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ: وَلَا أَنَا إِلا أَنْ يَتَغَمَّدَنِي اللهُ - تَعَالَى- بِرَحْمَتِهِ، وَمَسَحَ يَدَهُ عَلَى هَامَتِهِ إِلَى وَجْهِهِ".
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to supplicate while in prostration during the night of the middle of ˹the month of˺ Shaʿbān saying, "I seek refuge through Your forgiveness from Your punishment, and I seek refuge through Your pleasure from Your displeasure, and I seek refuge through You from You. Exalted be You!" and he said, "Jibrīl ordered me to repeat these ˹statements˺ in my prostration and I learned these and he taught me these."
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَدْعُو وَهُوَ سَاجِدٌ لَيْلَةَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ يَقُولُ: «أَعُوذُ بِعَفْوِكَ مِنْ عِقَابِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِرَضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ، وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ، جَلَّ وَجْهُكَ۔» وَقَالَ: «أَمَرنِي جِبْرِيلُ أَنْ أُرَدِّدُهُنَّ فِي سُجُودِي فَتَعَلَّمْتهُنَّ وَعَلَّمْتهُنَّ۔»
"شَعْبانُ بَيْنَ رَجَب وَشَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ تَغْفُلُ النَّاسُ عَنْهُ يُرْفعُ فِيهِ أَعْمَال الْعِبَادِ فَأُحِبُّ أَلَّا يُرْفَعَ عَملىِ إِلَّا وأَنا صائِمٌ".
[Machine] My beloved, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , came to me on the night of the middle of the month of Sha'ban. He went to his bed, then got up and poured water over himself, then hurried out. I followed in his footsteps and found him prostrating and saying in his prostration: "My blackness and my illusions have prostrated to you, and my heart believes in you. These are my hands, I have wronged myself, so forgive my sins. For no one forgives the great sin except you, O Great Lord. I returned to my place, and it wasn't long before he returned to me. I said: By my mother and father, O Messenger of Allah, tonight I have seen from you what I have never seen before. He said: O Humayra, this night is the night of the middle of Sha'ban. On this night, Allah frees a hundred thousand people from Hellfire, as many as the hair of the goats of the tribe of Kalb. And on this night, Allah looks upon His creation and says: Is there anyone seeking forgiveness so that I may forgive him? Is there anyone repenting so that I may accept his repentance? And on this night, every wise matter is decreed.
"أَتَانِي حَبِيبِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَيْلَةَ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ، فَأَوَى إِلَى فِرَاشِهِ، ثُمَّ قَامَ فَأَفَاضَ عَلَيْه المَاء، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ مُسْرِعًا، فَخَرَجْتُ فِي أَثَرِهِ، فَإِذَا هُوَ سَاجِدٌ فِي (*) وَيقُولُ فِي سُجُودِهِ: سَجَدَ لَكَ سَوَادِي وَخَيَالِي، وَآمَنَ بِكَ فُؤَادِي، هَذِهِ يَدَايَ، أَنَا جَنَيْتُ عَلَى نَفْسِي، فَاغْفِرْ لِي ذُنُوبِي؛ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَغْفِرُ الذَّنْبَ العَظِيمَ غَيْرُكَ، يَا رَبِّ العَظِيم، فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى مَكَانِي، فَمَا لَبِثَ أَنْ رَجَعَ إِليَّ، فَقُلْتُ: بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ مِنْكَ فِي هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةِ مَا لَمْ أَرَ مِنْكَ قَبْلَهَا، قَالَ: يَا حُمَيْرَاءُ! هَذِهِ اللَّيْلَةُ لَيْلَةُ النِّصْفِ مِنْ شَهْرِ شَعْبَانَ، للهِ مِنْهَا مِائِةُ أَلَفِ عَتِيقٍ مِنَ النَّارِ، وَبِعَدَدِ شَعَرِ مِعْزَى كَلْبٍ، وَهِيَ الَّتِي يَطَّلِعُ اللهُ - تَعَالَى - فِيهَا عَلَى خَلْقِهِ فيقول: خَلْقَهُ، أَمَا مِنْ تَائِبٍ فَأَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِ؟ أَمَا مِنْ مُسْتَغْفِرٍ فَأَغْفِرَ لَهُ؟ وَفِيهَا يُفْرَقُ كُلُّ أمْرٍ حَكِيمٍ".
"عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: أنَّ امَرَأَةً ذَكرَتْ لَهَا أَنَّهَا تَصُومُ رَجَب، فَقَالتْ: إِنْ كُنُتِ صَائِمَةً شَهرًا لَا مَحَالَةَ، فَعَلَيْكِ بِشَعْبَانَ؛ فَإِنَّ فِيهِ الفَضْلَ".