#ramadan (38)

[Machine] "It remained silent during Ramadan, so the Prophet ﷺ commanded it to break its fast."  

«أَنَّهَا صَامَتْ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأُجْهِدَتْ فَأَمَرَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ تُفْطِرَ»  

[Machine] About fasting in Ramadan, the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ commanded her to make up for it with two days.  

عَنْ صَوْمِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَمَرَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ تَقْضِيَ مَكَانَهُ يَوْمَيْنِ»  

[Machine] Abu Huraira reported: The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, said, “Allah feeds and provides drink for the person who eats and drinks forgetfully in the month of Ramadan.” Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman said, “This is a rejected narration from the hadith of Muhammad ibn ‘Amr.”  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رَفَعَهُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَأْكُلُ فِي شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ نَاسِيًا قَالَ «اللهُ أَطْعَمُهُ وَسَقَاهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْكَرٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو  

[Machine] "The fasting of the voluntary (sunnah) is not accepted from him." This was stated by Abdurrahman ibn Ya'qub.  

«لَا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ صَوْمُ سَنَةٍ» وَقَفَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ  

[Machine] Whoever breaks their fast during a day of Ramadan without making up for it, will not make up for it with a day from the days of this worldly life.  

«مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ لَمْ يَقْضِهِ يَوْمٌ مِنْ أَيَّامِ الدُّنْيَا»  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah opened Mecca, the first house he entered was the house of Umm Hani. He asked for water and drank, and Umm Hani was on his right, so he gave his blessing to Umm Hani and she drank it. Then she said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have indeed done a deed, and by Allah, I do not know if I have done right or wrong. I drank the blessing of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." He said, "Is it a makeup fast from Ramadan or a voluntary fast?" I said, "O Messenger of Allah, it is a voluntary fast." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, the one who fasts voluntarily has the choice to continue fasting or break it." Abu Abdur-Rahman said, "This hadith is confusing, and the first one is similar to it." As for the hadith of Urwah, it is not well-known. As for the hadith of Zuhri, which is narrated by Ja'far ibn Burqan and Sufyan ibn Husayn, they are not considered strong narrators, especially in Zuhri's case, as he is contradicted by Malik and Ubaydullah ibn Umar. These two are more reliable and trustworthy than Sufyan ibn Husayn and Ja'far ibn Burqan. As for the hadith of Umm Hani, different opinions exist regarding the reliability of Simak ibn Harb's narration. Simak ibn Harb is not considered reliable when he narrates hadith in isolation, as he was known to accept false attributions. As for the hadith of Ja'dah, it is reported that he did not hear it directly from Umm Hani, but rather from Abu Salih, whose name is Badhan or Madham, and he is weak in hadith. He was a client of Umm Hani, and Al-Kalbi narrates from him. Ibn Uyaynah said, according to Muhammad ibn Qays, according to Habib ibn Abi Thabit, that they used to call Abu Salih "Durozan," and he was known for lying, except when Yahya ibn Sa'id reported from him. It is also narrated that he said during his illness, "Everything I have told you is a lie." Abu Salih is the father of Suhail ibn Abu Salih, whose name is Thiqan Ma'mun. As for the hadith of Yahya ibn Ayyub that we mentioned, he is not considered reliable, and he has other rejected narrations.  

لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ مَكَّةَ فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ بَيْتٍ دَخَلَهُ بَيْتُ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ فَدَعَا بِمَاءٍ فَشَرِبَ وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ هَانِئٍ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ فَدَفَعَ فَضْلَهُ إِلَى أُمِّ هَانِئٍ فَشَرِبَتْهُ أُمُّ هَانِئٍ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ فَعَلْتُ فَعْلَةً وَاللهِ مَا أَدْرِي أَصَبْتُ أَمْ لَا إِنِّي شَرِبْتُ فَضْلَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ «أَقَضَاءٌ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ أَوْ تَطَوُّعٍ؟» قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَلْ تَطَوُّعٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الْمُتَطَوِّعَ بِالْخِيَارِ إِنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَفْطَرَ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ مُضْطَرِبٌ وَالْأَوَّلُ مِثْلُهُ أَمَّا حَدِيثُ عُرْوَةَ فَزُمَيْلٌ لَيْسَ بِالْمَشْهُورِ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ الزُّهْرِيِّ الَّذِي أَسْنَدَهُ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ بُرْقَانَ وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ فَلَيْسَا بِالْقَوِيَّيْنِ فِي الزُّهْرِيِّ خَاصَّةً وَقَدْ خَالَفَهُمَا مَالِكٌ وَعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ وَهَؤُلَاءِ أَثْبَتُ وَأَحْفَظُ مِنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ حُسَيْنٍ وَمِنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ بُرْقَانَ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ فَقَدِ اخْتُلِفَ عَلَى سِمَاكِ بْنِ حَرْبٍ فِيهِ وَسِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ لَيْسَ مِمَّنْ يُعْتَمَدُ عَلَيْهِ إِذَا انْفَرَدَ بِالْحَدِيثِ لِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْبَلُ التَّلْقِينَ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ جَعْدَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ ذَكَرَهُ عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ عَنْ أُمِّ هَانِئٍ وَأَبُو صَالِحٍ هَذَا اسْمُهُ بَاذَانُ وَقِيلَ مَاذَامُ وَهُوَ ضَعِيفُ الْحَدِيثِ وَهُوَ مَوْلَى أُمِّ هَانِئٍ وَهُوَ الَّذِي يَرْوِي عَنْهُ الْكَلْبِيُّ وَقَالَ ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ قَالَ كُنَّا نُسَمِّي أَبَا صَالِحٍ دُرْوَزَنْ وَهُوَ بِالْفَارِسِيَّةِ كَذَّابٌ إِلَّا أَنَّ يَحْيَى بْنَ سَعِيدٍ لَمْ يَتْرُكْهُ وَقَدْ حَدَّثَ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ عَنْهُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي مَرَضِهِ كُلُّ شَيْءٍ حَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَهُوَ كَذِبٌ وَأَبُو صَالِحٍ وَالِدُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ اسْمُهُ ذَكْوَانُ ثِقَةٌ مَأْمُونٌ وَأَمَّا حَدِيثُ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَيُّوبَ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِمَّنْ يُعْتَمَدُ عَلَيْهِ وَعِنْدَهُ غَيْرُ حَدِيثٍ مُنْكَرٍ  

[Machine] From Safiyyah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , that the Prophet ﷺ used to observe itikaf during the last ten days of Ramadan.  

عَنْ صَفِيَّةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ «اعْتَكَفَ الْعَشْرَ الْغَوَابِرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ»  

[Machine] Abu Hurairah reported: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to observe Itikaf (seclusion for worship) during the last ten days of Ramadan until Allah the Exalted took his soul. Abu Abdullah (Al-Bukhari) said: Ibn Juraij did not agree with him (Abu Hurairah).  

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى قَبَضَهُ اللهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ خَالَفَهُ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ  

[Machine] Aisha used to stay in the mosque and would stay in seclusion for the last ten nights of Ramadan. She would not go to her house except for a necessary human need.  

أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ كَانَتْ «إِذَا اعْتَكَفَتْ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ وَكَانَتْ تَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الْغَوَابِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَلَا تَدْخُلُ بَيْتَهَا إِلَّا لِحَاجَةِ الْإِنْسَانِ الَّتِي لَا بُدَّ لَهُ مِنْهَا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wanted to observe i'tikaf in the first ten days of Ramadan, so Aisha sought permission from him and he granted her permission. Then Hafsah sought permission from him and he granted her permission. However, Zainab did not seek permission from him, but when she heard about it, she sought permission. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished praying Fajr, he went to visit those who were observing i'tikaf, and he found Aisha, Hafsah, and Zainab. He asked, "Who is this for?" They said, "For Aisha, Hafsah, and Zainab." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You want to compete in acts of goodness with this." So he did not observe i'tikaf in those ten days of Ramadan, but he observed i'tikaf in the ten days of Shawwal.  

أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَعْتَكِفَ فِي الْعَشْرِ الْأُوَلِ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَاسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا ثُمَّ اسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ حَفْصَةُ فَأَذِنَ لَهَا وَكَانَتْ زَيْنَبُ لَمْ تَكُنِ اسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ فَسَمِعَتْ بِذَلِكَ فَاسْتَأْذَنَتْ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ أَتَى مُعْتَكَفَهُ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ إِذَا هُوَ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَبْنِيَةٍ فَقَالَ «لِمَنْ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا لِعَائِشَةَ وَحَفْصَةَ وَزَيْنَبَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «آلْبِرَّ تَقُولُونَ يُرِدْنَ بِهَذَا» فَلَمْ يَعْتَكِفْ فِي ذَلِكَ الْعَشْرِ وَاعْتَكَفَ فِي الْعَشْرِ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ  

[Machine] He informed him that the Prophet ﷺ said, "Fast Ramadan and the day after it, and every Wednesday and Thursday, then you have fasted for the entire lifetime." Ibrahim Muslim ibn Ubaidullah said.  

أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «صُمْ رَمَضَانَ وَالَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَكُلَّ يَوْمِ أَرْبِعَاءَ وَخَمِيسٍ فَإِذًا أَنْتَ قَدْ صُمْتَ الدَّهْرَ» وَقَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ مُسْلِمُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ  

[Machine] I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about fasting three times. He said, "Fast the month of Ramadan and the month after it, and fast on Wednesdays and Thursdays, then you will have fasted the whole year and have broken the fast."  

سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنِ الصِّيَامِ ثَلَاثًا قَالَ «صُمْ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَالَّذِي يَلِيهِ وَيَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ وَالْخَمِيسِ فَإِذًا أَنْتَ قَدْ صُمْتَ الدَّهْرَ وَأَفْطَرْتَ»  

"صُمْ رَمَضَانَ وَالَّذِى يَلِيهِ، وَكُلَّ أَرْبَعَاءَ وَخَميسٍ، فَإِذَا أَنْتَ صُمْتَ الدَّهْرَ كلَّهُ وَأَفْطَرْتَ".  

[Machine] "I visited Ibn Mas'ood from one Ramadan to the next, and I never saw him on any day except that I would meet him. I never saw him fasting on a day except for the day of Ashura."  

«أَتَيْتُ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فِيمَا بَيْنَ رَمَضَانَ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ إِلَّا آتِيهِ فِيهِ فَمَا رَأَيْتُهُ فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِمًا إِلَّا يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever fasts Ramadhan and follows it with six days of Shawwal, it is as if they have fasted the entire year." Abu Abdullah Al-Rahman said, "This is a mistake, and the correct statement is from Umar Ibn Thabit."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ أَتْبَعَهُ بِسِتٍّ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ فَقَدْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا خَطَأٌ وَالصَّوَابُ عُمَرُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ  

[Machine] Narrated from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ : "Whoever fasts Ramadan and follows it with six days of Shawwal, it is as if he fasted the entire year." Abu Abdur-Rahman Saad ibn Sa'id said, "It is a weak narration." Likewise, Ahmad ibn Hanbal said, "They are three brothers: Yahya ibn Sa'id ibn Qays, who is trustworthy and reliable, and Abdul Rabih ibn Sa'id, who is also acceptable, and Saad ibn Sa'id, the third, who is weak."  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَسِتَّةً مِنْ شَوَّالٍ فَكَأَنَّمَا صَامَ الدَّهْرَ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ سَعْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ضَعِيفٌ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ حَنْبَلٍ وَهُمْ ثَلَاثَةُ إِخْوَةٍ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ الثِّقَةُ الْمَأْمُونُ أَحَدُ الْأَئِمَّةِ وَعَبْدُ رَبِّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ وَسَعْدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ثَالِثُهُمْ ضَعِيفٌ  

[Machine] We fought alongside Abu Ayyub and observed the fast during Ramadan. When we broke our fast, he stood among the people and said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Whoever fasts Ramadan and follows it with six days of Shawwal, it will be as if he fasted the entire year.'" Abu Abdurrahman Utbah ibn Abi Hakim remarked, "This saying is not strong." Muhammad ibn Abdul Karim ibn Muhammad ibn Abdul Rahman ibn Huwaytib ibn Abdul Azeez al-Harani informed me, "Uthman, the son of Amr al-Harani, told us that Umar, meaning the son of Thabit, narrated to us from Muhammad ibn al-Munkadir, who narrated from Abu Ayyub al-Ansari, who said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said similar words." Abu Abdurrahman said, "I have seen this sheikh with books regarding other matters, and these hadiths resemble the hadiths of Muhammad ibn Abi Humayd. I am not sure if he heard them from Muhammad or from those elderly scholars. As for the sheikh, he used to narrate from him without mentioning Muhammad ibn Abi Humayd. So, if these hadiths are his narrations from those elderly scholars and he did not hear them from Muhammad, then he is weak. As for Uthman and Muhammad ibn Abi Humayd, they are not significant in the hadith."  

غَزَوْنَا مَعَ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ فَصَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَصُمْنَا فَلَمَّا أَفْطَرْنَا قَامَ فِي النَّاسِ فَقَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ صَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَصَامَ سِتَّةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ شَوَّالٍ كَانَ كَصِيَامِ الدَّهْرِ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي حَكِيمٍ هَذَا لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ [241] 2880 أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حُوَيْطِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى الْحَرَّانِيِّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُثْمَانُ وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمْرٍو الْحَرَّانِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ ثَابِتٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ عَنْ أَبِي أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نَحْوَهُ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا الشَّيْخُ رَأَيْتُ عِنْدَهُ كُتُبًا فِي غَيْرِ هَذَا فَإِذَا أَحَادِيثُهُ تُشْبِهُ أَحَادِيثَ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ فَقَالَ لَا أَدْرِي أَكَانَ سَمَاعُهُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ أَمْ كَانَ سَمَاعُهُ مِنْ أُولَئِكَ الْمَشْيَخَةِ؟ فَأَمَّا الشَّيْخُ فَكَانَ يُحَدِّثُنَا عَنْهُ وَلَا يَذْكُرُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ تِلْكَ الْأَحَادِيثُ أَحَادِيثَهُ عَنْ أُولَئِكَ الْمَشْيَخَةِ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ فَهُوَ ضَعِيفٌ يَعْنِي عُثْمَانَ وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي حُمَيْدٍ لَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ فِي الْحَدِيثِ  

[Machine] "Break your fast, for indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to order the breaking of the fast when a man becomes impure. Abdullah bin Abdullah said, 'I went to Abdullah ibn Umar and I mentioned to him what Abu Huraira advised me to do.' He said, 'I swear by Allah, if you break your fast, I will injure your neck. However, if it appears to you that you can fast another day, then do so.' However, Uqail ibn Khalid contradicted this and narrated it from Az-Zuhri, from Ubaydullah."  

أَفْطِرْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ «كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْفِطْرِ إِذَا أَصْبَحَ الرَّجُلُ جُنُبًا» قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ فَجِئْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ الَّذِي أَفْتَانِي بِهِ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَقَالَ أُقْسِمُ بِاللهِ لَئِنْ أَفْطَرْتَ لَأُوجِعَنَّ مَتْنَيْكَ صُمْ وَإِنْ بَدَا لَكَ أَنْ تَصُومَ يَوْمًا آخَرَ فَافْعَلْ خَالَفَهُ عُقَيْلُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ فَرَوَاهُ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ  

[Machine] That he washed and did not wake up until morning, so I met Abu Hurairah when I woke up, so I asked him. He said, "Break your fast, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command breaking the fast when a person woke up in a state of impurity." Ubaidullah said, "So I went to Abdullah and mentioned to him what Abu Hurairah had advised me. Abdullah said, "I swear by Allah, if you break your fast, I will hit you until I am satisfied. But if you think it is necessary to fast another day, then do so."  

أَنْ يَغْتَسِلَ فَلَمْ يَسْتَيْقِظْ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حِينَ أَصْبَحْتُ فَاسْتَفْتَيْتُهُ فَقَالَ يُفْطِرُ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَأْمُرُ بِالْفِطْرِ إِذَا أَصْبَحَ الرَّجُلُ جُنُبًا قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ فَجِئْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ فَذَكَرْتُ لَهُ الَّذِي أَفْتَانِي أَبُو هُرَيْرَةُ فَقَالَ أُقْسِمُ بِاللهِ لَئِنْ أَفْطَرْتَ لَأُوجِعَنَّ مَتْنَيْكَ فَإِنْ بَدَا لَكَ أَنْ تَصُومَ يَوْمًا آخَرَ  

[Machine] Regarding this hadith that Abu Hurayrah narrates, he went to Um Salama and mentioned it to her. She said, "I bear witness that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to have relations with me in the morning and then fast, and he would order fasting in Ramadan." Marwan said, "Tell him about this hadith that Um Salama narrated to you." So Abu Hurayrah went to him and mentioned it to him. Abu Hurayrah said, "Fulan narrated to us and Abdul Aziz ibn Muhammad opposed him, so he narrated it from Muhammad ibn Amr from Yahya ibn Abdur Rahman ibn Hatib."  

عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي يُحَدِّثُ بِهِ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ فَجَاءَهَا فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ أَشْهَدُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ لَكَانَ «يُصْبِحُ جُنُبًا مِنِّي ثُمَّ يَصُومُ وَيَأْمُرُ بِالصِّيَامِ فِي رَمَضَانَ» فَقَالَ مَرْوَانُ فَحَدِّثْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي حَدَّثَتْكَ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَجَاءَهُ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَنَا فُلَانٌ وَنَزَعَ عَنْهُ خَالَفَهُ عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَرَوَاهُ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out one day during Ramadan and his head was dripping with semen, but he continued his fast that day.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ «خَرَجَ يَوْمًا فِي رَمَضَانَ وَرَأْسُهُ يَقْطُرُ مِنْ جِمَاعٍ فَمَضَى فِي صَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ»  

[Machine] A man came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I accidentally burned myself." He asked, "What happened?" The man replied, "I fell on my wife during Ramadan." So the Prophet ﷺ called for a container with food in it and said, "Where is the one who got burned? Take this and give it in charity."  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ احْتَرَقْتُ قَالَ وَمَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى امْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِمِكْتَلٍ فِيهِ طَعَامٌ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَيْنَ الْمُحْتَرِقُ؟ خُذْ هَذَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ»  

[Machine] While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was holding my hand on a certain path for eighteen nights that had passed from Ramadan, he saw a man who was performing 'Ihtijam', so he said, "The one who performs 'Ihtijam' and the one on whom it is performed both break their fast." Abu 'Abdur-Rahman 'Abbad bin Mansur compiled both narrations and said that Abu Asma’ Thawban and Abu Al-Ash'ath narrated from Shaddad bin Aws.  

بَيْنَمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ آخِذٌ بِيَدِي فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ لِثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ لَيْلَةً خَلَتْ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَأَبْصَرَ رَجُلًا يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبَّادُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ فَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِي أَسْمَاءَ عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ وَعَنْ أَبِي الْأَشْعَثِ عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ  

[Machine] He was walking with the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , in Medina during Ramadan, and the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , was holding the hand of Shaddad. They passed by a man who was fasting (abstaining from food and drink) by an impious practice, so the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said: "The one who practices impious fasting and the one who is forcibly prevented from fasting have both broken their fast." Abu Abdur-Rahman Abdullah ibn Mansur said: "There is no evidence for this hadith." And it was said that this narration is not among the earliest narrations about Ramadan fasting. However, Jarir differed from this and sent it [the narration] to Hammad ibn Zaid. Ubaidullah ibn Saeed said: "I heard Wahb ibn Jarir say: 'I presented to Abu Qilabah a book that included a narration about Shaddad ibn Aws and Thawban.' Abu Qilabah said: 'I presented it to Ayyub (ibn Abi Tamim), and he recognized it.' Abu Abdur-Rahman said: 'Hammad ibn Zaid narrated it from Shaddad and he is the most knowledgeable person about Ayyub.'"  

أَنَّهُ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ يَمْشِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ بِالْمَدِينَةِ فِي رَمَضَانَ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ آخِذٌ بِيَدِ شَدَّادٍ إِذْ أَتَى عَلَى رَجُلٍ يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَبَّادُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ لَيْسَ بِحُجَّةٍ فِي الْحَدِيثِ وَقِيلَ إِنَّ رَيْحَانَ لَيْسَ بِقَدِيمِ السَّمَاعِ مِنْهُ وَقَدْ خَالَفَهُ جَرِيرٌ فَأَرْسَلَهُ [321] 3130 أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ وَهْبَ بْنَ جَرِيرٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ أَبِي عَرَضْتُ عَلَى أَيُّوبَ كِتَابًا لِأَبِي قِلَابَةَ فَإِذَا فِيهِ عَنْ شَدَّادِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ وَثَوْبَانَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثُ قَالَ عَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَعَرَفَهُ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ تَابَعَهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ عَلَى إِرْسَالِهِ عَنْ شَدَّادٍ وَهُوَ أَعْلَمُ النَّاسِ بِأَيُّوبَ  

[Machine] I passed by the Prophet ﷺ with a man in Al-Baqi' who was wrapping himself up (in a cloth) on the seventeenth day of Ramadan. The Prophet ﷺ said, "The one who wraps himself up and the one who is wrapped up both break their fast." And it was narrated by Dawud ibn Abi Hind from Abu Qilabah, in contradiction to the narration of Ayyub.  

مَرَرْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِرَجُلٍ فِي الْبَقِيعِ وَهُوَ يَحْتَجِمُ يَوْمَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» وَرَوَاهُ دَاوُدُ بْنُ أَبِي هِنْدَ عَنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ عَلَى خِلَافِ رِوَايَةِ أَيُّوبَ  

[Machine] While I was walking with the Prophet ﷺ, we passed by a man who was undergoing cupping during Ramadan. The Prophet ﷺ said, "The one who undergoes cupping and the one who performs it both break their fast." Hisham, Shu'bah, and Sufyan ibn Habib contradicted this statement.  

بَيْنَا أَنَا أَمْشِي مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِذْ مَرَّ عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَهُوَ يَحْتَجِمُ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» خَالَفَهُمَا هِشَامٌ وَشُعْبَةُ وَسُفْيَانُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out on the eighteenth of Ramadan and saw a man who was getting his head shaved. He said, "The one who shaves the head and the one who has their head shaved have broken their fast." Abu 'Abdur-Rahman Qatadah said, "We do not know if he heard something from Abu Qilabah or not."  

خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَأَبْصَرَ رَجُلًا يَحْتَجِمُ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَتَادَةُ لَا نَعْلَمُهُ سَمِعَ مِنْ أَبِي قِلَابَةَ شَيْئًا  

[Machine] He said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by me while I was in ihtijam (ritual impurity) on the eighteenth of Ramadan, and he said, 'The one who is in ihtijam and the one who has been treated for mihjaam (cupping) should break their fast.'" Abu Abdur-Rahman Ata' bin As-Sa'ib said, "He (the narrator) had become confused, and we do not know of anyone who narrated this hadith from him except for these two, and they differed in their understanding of it. And Allah knows best. Abu Huraira narrated this hadith from Al-Hasan, and there was disagreement about it among them."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ مَرَّ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأنا أَحْتَجِمُ فِي ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَطَاءُ بْنُ السَّائِبِ كَانَ قَدِ اخْتَلَطَ وَلَا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْهُ غَيْرُ هَذَيْنِ عَلَى اخْتِلَافِهِمَا عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ رَوَى هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ أَبُو حَرَّةَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ passed by a man who was practicing cupping therapy in Ramadan, on the eighteenth morning. He said, "Both the person practicing cupping and the one who has it done to them have broken their fast." Abu Abdullah said, "This is a rejected hadith, and I believe that Ibn Jurayj did not hear it from Safwan."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَرَّ بِرَجُلٍ يَحْتَجِمُ فِي رَمَضَانَ صَبِيحَةَ ثَمَانَ عَشْرَةَ فَقَالَ «أَفْطَرَ الْحَاجِمُ وَالْمَحْجُومُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْكَرٌ وَإِنِّي أَحْسَبُ ابْنَ جُرَيْجٍ لَمْ يَسْمَعْهُ مِنْ صَفْوَانَ  

[Machine] Abdullah said, "Today is a voluntary fast for me before Ramadan. If you wish to break your fast, break it."  

عَبْدُ اللهِ «كَانَ هَذَا الْيَوْمُ نَصُومُهُ قَبْلَ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَطْعَمَ فَادْنُه فَاطْعَمْ»  

"I was sitting with the Prophet when some drink was brought, so he drank from it, then he offered it to me and I drank it. Then I said: 'I have indeed sinned, so seek forgiveness for me.' He said: 'What is that?' I said: 'I was fasting, then I broke the fast.' He said: 'Were you performing a fast that you had to make up?' I said: 'No.' He said: 'Then it is no harm for you.'" (Using translation from Tirmidhī 731)   

كُنْتُ قَاعِدَةً عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأُتِيَ بِشَرَابٍ فَشَرِبَ ثُمَّ نَاوَلَنِي فَشَرِبْتُ مِنْهُ فَقُلْتُ أَذْنَبْتُ فَاسْتَغْفِرْ لِي قَالَ «وَمَا ذَاكَ؟» قَالَتْ كُنْتُ صَائِمَةً فَأَفْطَرْتُ فَقَالَ «أَمِنْ قَضَاءِ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ كُنْتِ تَقْضِينَهُ؟» قَالَتْ لَا قَالَ «لَا يَضُرُّكِ»  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed the Farewell Pilgrimage, he ordered the people to prepare themselves with him. So we prepared ourselves and I was afflicted with this illness, which was measles or smallpox. I said, "Whatever Allah wills has happened to us." I and Abu Ma'qil were both affected by this illness. As for Abu Ma'qil, he died from it. We had a camel that was filled with dates for us. It was the one we intended to perform Hajj on. Abu Ma'qil donated it in the cause of Allah. We were occupied with what had afflicted us and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ left. When he finished his Hajj, I went to him when my pain subsided. He asked me, "O Umm Ma'qil, what prevented you from going out with us in this expedition?" I said, "By Allah, we had prepared for it, but this illness afflicted us. Abu Ma'qil died from it and I was also affected by it. When I recovered, we had a camel that we wanted to perform Hajj on. Abu Ma'qil advised me concerning it in the cause of Allah." He said, "Why didn't you go with it? Verily, Hajj is part of the cause of Allah. But since you missed this Hajj with us, perform Umrah in Ramadan as it is as a Hajj." She said, "From then on, whenever I used to say 'Hajj,' it meant Hajj and 'Umrah' meant Umrah. Because the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said about it, 'I do not know if it is specific to me for the Hajj I missed or for the people in general.'" Yusuf said, "So I narrated this Hadith to Marwan ibn Al-Hakam, who was the governor of Medina during the time of Mu'awiyah. He asked me, 'Who heard this Hadith with you?' I said, 'Ma'qil ibn Abi Ma'qil, who was a Bedouin man.' He sent for him and narrated to him what I had narrated to him. I said, 'O Marwan, she is still alive in her house. By Allah, he was not satisfied with our narration until he traveled to her among the people and entered upon her so that she narrated this Hadith to him.'"  

لَمَّا حَجَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حِجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ أَمَرَ النَّاسَ أَنْ يَتَهَيَّأُوا مَعَهُ فَتَجَهَّزْنَا فَأَصَابَتْنِي هَذِهِ الْقُرْحَةُ؛ الْحَصْبَةُ أَوِ الْجُدَرِيُّ قَالَتْ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ فَأَصَابَنِي مَرَضٌ وَأَصَابَ أَبَا مَعْقِلٍ فَأَمَّا أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ فَهَلَكَ فِيهَا قَالَتْ وَكَانَ لَنَا جَمَلٌ يَنْضَحُ عَلَيْهِ نَخَلَاتٍ لَنَا هُوَ وَكَانَ هُوَ الَّذِي نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَحُجَّ عَلَيْهِ قَالَتْ فَجَعَلَهُ أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَتْ وَشُغِلْنَا بِمَا أَصَابَنَا وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ حِجَّتِهِ جِئْتُ حِينَ تَمَاثَلْتُ مِنْ وَجَعِي فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا أُمَّ مَعْقِلٍ مَا مَنَعَكِ أَنْ تَخْرُجِي مَعَنَا فِي وَجْهِنَا هَذَا؟ قَالَتْ قُلْتُ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ تَهَيَّأْنَا لِذَلِكَ فَأَصَابَتْنَا هَذِهِ الْقُرْحَةُ فَهَلَكَ فِيهَا أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ وَأَصَابَنِي مِنْهَا مَرَضٌ فَهَذَا حِينَ صَحِحْتُ مِنْهَا وَكَانَ لَنَا جَمَلٌ هُوَ الَّذِي نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَخْرُجَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَوْصَى بِهِ أَبُو مَعْقِلٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ قَالَ فَهَلَّا خَرَجْتِ عَلَيْهِ؛ فَإِنَّ الْحَجَّ مِنْ سَبِيلِ اللهِ أَمَا إِذْ فَاتَتْكِ هَذِهِ الْحِجَّةُ مَعَنَا فَاعْتَمِرِي عُمْرَةً فِي رَمَضَانَ فَإِنَّهَا كَحِجَّةٍ قَالَ فَكَانَتْ تَقُولُ الْحَجُّ حَجٌّ وَالْعُمْرَةُ عُمْرَةٌ وَقَدْ قَالَ فِي هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا أَدْرِي أَخَاصَّةً لِي لِمَا فَاتَنِي مِنَ الْحَجِّ أَمْ هِيَ لِلنَّاسِ عَامَّةً قَالَ يُوسُفُ فَحَدَّثْتُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ وَهُوَ أَمِيرُ الْمَدِينَةِ فِي زَمَنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ فَقَالَ مَنْ سَمِعَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مَعَكَ مِنْهَا؟ فَقُلْتُ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ أَبِي مَعْقِلٍ وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ بَدَوِيٌّ قَالَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ مَرْوَانُ فَحَدَّثَهُ بِمِثْلِ مَا حَدَّثْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ يَا مَرْوَانُ إِنَّهَا حَيَّةٌ فِي دَارِهَا بَعْدُ فَوَاللهِ مَا اطْمَأَنَّ إِلَى حَدِيثِنَا حَتَّى رَكِبَ إِلَيْهَا فِي النَّاسِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا فَحَدَّثَتْهُ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ  

[Machine] The companions of Muhammad ﷺ narrated that fasting was initially prescribed in three different situations: when people first arrived in Madinah and were not accustomed to fasting, they would fast for three days each month. This continued until the month of Ramadan was revealed, at which point they increased their fasting and found it difficult. Whoever fed a poor person every day instead of fasting was allowed to do so, if they were not capable of fasting. This ruling was then abrogated when the verse "And fasting is better for you, if only you knew" (2:184) was revealed, and they were commanded to fast. Al-Bukhari and Ibn Numair both mentioned the same in a summarized form.  

ثنا أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ قَالُوا أُحِيلَ الصَّوْمُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ أَحْوَالٍ قَدِمَ النَّاسُ الْمَدِينَةَ وَلَا عَهْدَ لَهُمْ بِالصِّيَامِ فَكَانُوا يَصُومُونَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَ شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ فَاسْتَكْثَرُوا ذَلِكَ وَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَكَانَ مَنْ أَطْعَمَ مِسْكِينًا كُلَّ يَوْمٍ تَرَكَ الصِّيَامَ مِمَنْ يُطِيقُهُ رَخَّصَ لَهُمْ فِي ذَلِكَ وَنَسَخَهُ {وَأَنْ تَصُومُوا خَيْرٌ لَكُمْ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ} [البقرة 184] قَالَ فَأُمِرُوا بِالصِّيَامِ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَقَالَ ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ فَذَكَرَ بَعْضَ مَعْنَاهُ مُخْتَصَرًا  

[Machine] As for fasting, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ observed fasting after arriving in Madinah. He used to fast three days from every month, as well as fasting on the day of Ashura. He continued to fast for seventeen months, from the month of Rabi' al-Awwal to the month of Rabi' al-Thani, until Ramadan came. Then Allah, the Most Blessed and Exalted, obligated him to fast the month of Ramadan, as stated in the verse "Fasting is prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you" [Surah Al-Baqarah, 2:183]. The rest of this narration was mentioned by Mursal Abdullah ibn Rahman, who did not reach Muadh ibn Jabal.  

وَأَمَّا حَوْلُ الصِّيَامِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ صَامَ بَعْدَمَا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَجَعَلَ يَصُومُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَصَامَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَصَامَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا شَهْرَ رَبِيعٍ إِلَى شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ إِلَى رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ فَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ} [البقرة 183] وَذَكَرَ بَاقِيَ الْحَدِيثِ هَذَا مُرْسَلٌ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ لَمْ يُدْرِكْ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina, he commanded them to fast for three days. Then Ramadan was revealed and they were a people who were not accustomed to fasting, and fasting was difficult for them. So, whoever did not fast had to feed sixty poor people. Then this verse was revealed: "So whoever sights [the new moon of] the month, let him fast it." [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:185] So, there was an exemption for the sick and the traveler, and they were commanded to fast. It is narrated that when a man used to break his fast, he would sleep before eating and he would not eat until morning. 'Umar wanted his wife and she said, "I have already slept." So he thought that she was menstruating and he approached her. Then a man from the Ansar came and he wanted some food, so they said, "Wait until we prepare something for you." And he slept. When they woke up, this verse was revealed: "It has been made permissible for you the night preceding fasting to go to your wives [for sexual relations]." [Surah Al-Baqarah 2:187]  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ أَمَرَهُمْ بِصِيَامِ ثَلَاثَةِ أَيَّامٍ ثُمَّ أُنْزِلَ رَمَضَانُ وَكَانُوا قَوْمًا لَمْ يَتَعَوَّدُوا الصِّيَامَ وَكَانَ الصِّيَامُ عَلَيْهِمْ شَدِيدًا فَكَانَ مَنْ لَمْ يَصُمْ أَطْعَمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} [البقرة 185] فَكَانَتِ الرُّخْصَةُ لِلْمَرِيضِ وَالْمُسَافِرِ وَأُمِرُوا بِالصِّيَامِ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا أَصْحَابُنَا وَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا أَفْطَرَ فَنَامَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ لَمْ يَأْكُلْ حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ وَأَرَادَ امْرَأَتَهُ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ نِمْتُ فَظَنَّ أَنَّهَا تَعْتَلُّ فَأَتَاهَا فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَرَادَ طَعَامًا فَقَالُوا حَتَّى نُسَخِّنَ لَكَ شَيْئًا فَنَامَ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحُوا نَزَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِيهَا {أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَائِكُمْ} [البقرة 187]  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not say 'Ramadan' as Ramadan is one of the names of Allah, but say 'the month of Ramadan' [instead]."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَقُولُوا رَمَضَانُ فَإِنَّ رَمَضَانَ اسْمٌ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللهِ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَهَكَذَا  

"لاَ تَقُولُوا: رَمَضَانُ، فَإِنَّ رَمَضَانَ اسْمٌ مِنْ اسْمَاءِ الله - ﷻ - وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا: شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ".  

[Machine] "Do not say 'Ramadan,' for Ramadan is a name of Allah, but say 'the month of Ramadan.' This was narrated from Mujahid and Al-Hasan Al-Basri, but the chain of transmission is weak. Muhammad ibn Isma'il Al-Bukhari has argued for its permissibility in the authentic hadith."  

لَا تَقُولُوا رَمَضَانُ فَإِنَّ رَمَضَانَ اسْمٌ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ اللهِ ﷻ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ وَرُوِيَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ وَالطَّرِيقُ إِلَيْهِمَا ضَعِيفٌ وَقَدِ احْتَجَّ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ الْبُخَارِيُّ فِي الصَّحِيحِ فِي جَوَازِ ذَلِكَ بِالْحَدِيثِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ was sitting in the shade of a date palm tree when a man from the Banu Bayadah approached him. The man said, "I accidentally touched my wife in Ramadan and now I'm burnt (with guilt)." The Prophet ﷺ told the man to free a slave, but the man said he couldn't find one. The Prophet ﷺ then told him to feed sixty poor people, but the man said he didn't have enough food. The Prophet ﷺ was then brought a container of dates, containing twenty wasq (a unit of measurement) and told the man to give it as charity. The man said he didn't have any food for his family. The sheikh, Al-Ziyadat, mentioned that this narration indicates the accuracy of the memory of Abu Hurairah and others regarding this story. The mention of twenty wasq in the narration is a clear expression narrated by Muhammad ibn Ja'far ibn Zubair, and this hadith was also narrated by Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasir from Muhammad ibn Ja'far with some variations. In the end, Muhammad ibn Ja'far said, "I later found out that the charity given was actually twenty wasq of dates, as was narrated in the hadith of Abu Hurairah, and that is the most authentic version, and Allah knows best."  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ جَالِسًا فِي ظِلِّ فَارِعٍ فَجَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي بَيَاضَةَ فَقَالَ احْتَرَقْتُ وَقَعْتُ بِامْرَأَتِي فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ لَيْسَ عِنْدِي فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ مِنْ تَمْرٍ فِيهِ عِشْرُونَ صَاعًا فَقَالَ تَصَدَّقْ فَقَالَ مَا نَجِدُ عَشَاءً لَيْلَةً قَالَ فَعُدْ بِهِ عَلَى أَهْلِكَ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ الزِّيَّادَاتُ الَّتِي فِي هَذِهِ الرِّوَايَةِ تَدُلُّ عَلَى صِحَّةِ حِفْظِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَمَنْ دُونَهُ لِتِلْكَ الْقِصَّةِ وَقَوْلُهُ فِيهِ عِشْرُونَ صَاعًا بَلَاغٌ بَلَّغَ بِهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ وَقَدْ رَوَى الْحَدِيثَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ يَسَارٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ بِبَعْضٍ مِنْ هَذَا يَزِيدُ وَيَنْقُصُ وَفِي آخِرِهِ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ فَحُدِّثْتُ بَعْدُ أَنَّ تِلْكَ الصَّدَقَةَ كَانَتْ عِشْرِينَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا وَهُوَ أَصَحُّ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] A Bedouin Arab came to the Prophet ﷺ while he was trimming his hair and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I came to my family during Ramadan and he ordered me to perform the expiation for having sexual relations during the day (fasting) as well as for the ejaculation."  

أَنَّ أَعْرَابِيًّا أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَنْتِفُ شَعْرَهُ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَتَيْتُ أَهْلِيَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يُكَفِّرَ كَفَّارَةَ الظِّهَارِ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said about a man who had intimate relations with his wife during Ramadan: "Free a slave." The man replied, "I don't have the means to do so." The Prophet said, "Then fast for two consecutive months." The man said, "I am not physically capable of fasting." The Prophet said, "Then feed sixty poor people."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ فِي رَجُلٍ وَقَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ مَا أَجِدُهَا قَالَ فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ قَالَ مَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا  

[Machine] He narrated that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered the person who breaks their fast one day in Ramadan to fast another day in its place. This was also narrated by Abd al-Jabbar ibn Umar al-Ayli from az-Zuhri, but it is not strong.  

حدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ الَّذِي يُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا فِي رَمَضَانَ أَنْ يَصُومَ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْأَيْلِيُّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَلَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ  

[Machine] A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was scratching his head and hitting his chest, saying, "Al-A'bad (the distant ones) have been destroyed." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Destroyed in what way?" The man said, "Today, I have fallen upon my family, and it is in Ramadan." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do you have a slave whom you can set free?" The man said, "No." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Can you fast for two consecutive months?" The man said, "No." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Can you feed sixty poor people?" The man said, "No." Then the man left, and another man came from the people with a great amount of sweat on him, and his charity. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Where is the one who asked? They said, 'He has left.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Call him back.' So they called him back and he said, 'Take this and give it in charity as an expiation for what you have done.' The man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, there is no one more in need than me and my family.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ laughed until his molars became visible. He said, 'Eat and feed your family and substitute your fast with it.'"  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَنْتِفُ شَعْرَ رَأْسِهِ وَيَدُقُّ صَدْرَهُ وَيَقُولُ هَلَكَ الْأَبْعَدُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَلَاكًا مَاذَا؟ قَالَ إِنِّي وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي الْيَوْمَ وَذَلِكَ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَكَ رَقَبَةٌ تُعْتِقُهَا؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ صِيَامَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ فَهَلْ تَسْتَطِيعُ إِطْعَامَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا؟ قَالَ لَا ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ بِعَرَقٍ عَظِيمٍ فِيهِ صَدَقَةُ مَالِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَيْنَ السَّائِلُ؟ قَالُوا قَدِ انْصَرَفَ قَالَ عَلَيَّ بِهِ فَجَاءَهُ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ خُذْ هَذَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ كَفَّارَةً لِمَا صَنَعْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَعَلَى أَحْوَجَ مِنِّي وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِي وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا أَحْوَجُ مِنِّي وَمِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِي قَالَ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ قَالَ فَكُلْ وَأَطْعِمْ أَهْلَ بَيْتِكَ وَاقْضِ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ 8058 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ الصَّغَانِيُّ ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ أنبأ عَبْدُ الْجَبَّارِ بْنُ عُمَرَ أَخْبَرَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ وَعَطَاءٌ الْخُرَاسَانِيُّ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ ذَلِكَ أَيْضًا فِي حَدِيثِ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ  

[Machine] While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , a man came to him, grabbed his hair and cursed himself. The Prophet ﷺ said to him, "What is wrong with you?" The man said, "My wife committed adultery during Ramadan." The Prophet ﷺ told him to free a slave, but the man said he could not find a slave to free. Then the Prophet ﷺ told him to fast for two consecutive months, but the man said he was unable to. The Prophet ﷺ then told him to feed sixty poor people, but the man said he could not find them. Finally, a basket of dates containing fifteen sa'a (a unit of measurement) was brought to the Prophet ﷺ , and he told the man to feed sixty poor people with it. The man said, "O Prophet of Allah, there are people in my own family who are poorer than us." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Feed yourself and your family." This narration was reported by Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Abdullah ibn Ibrahim Ash-Shafi'i, narrated by Ahmad ibn Ubaydullah, narrated by Yazid ibn Harun, narrated by Al-Hajjaj ibn Artat, narrated by Amr ibn Shuayb, narrated by his father, narrated by his grandfather, narrated by Abu Hurairah.  

بَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ يَنْتِفُ شَعْرَهُ وَيَدْعُو وَيْلَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَيْحَكَ مَا لَكَ قَالَ إِنَّ الْآخَرَ وَقَعَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فِي رَمَضَانَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ لَا أَجِدُهَا قَالَ فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ خُذْ هَذَا فَأَطْعِمْهُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَفْقَرُ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا قَالَ كُلْ أَنْتَ وَعِيَالُكَ 8060 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الشَّافِعِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ أنبأ يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ أنبأ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ أَرْطَاةَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ حَدِيثَ الْوَاقِعِ وَزَادَ فِيهِ قَالَ عَمْرٌو وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هَارُونَ وَقَالَ زَادَ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ فِي حَدِيثِهِ فَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَصُومَ يَوْمًا مَكَانَهُ وَرَوَاهُ هِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ خَالَفَ الْجَمَاعَةَ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ فَقَالَ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ  

[Machine] While I was with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , a man came to him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have perished and caused others to perish." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Woe to you, what has happened?" He said, "I had intercourse with my wife during Ramadan." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Free a slave." And the narrator of the hadith mentioned that our scholar Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz said, may Allah have mercy on him, that this statement "I have perished and caused others to perish" was conveyed to Muhammad bin Al-Musayyab Al-Arghiyani.  

بَيْنَا أَنَا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَلَكْتُ وَأَهْلَكْتُ قَالَ وَيْحَكَ وَمَا شَأْنُكَ؟ قَالَ وَقَعْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي فِي رَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَأَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ ضَعَّفَ شَيْخُنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةَ وَأَهْلَكْتُ وَحَمَلَهَا عَلَى أَنَّهَا أُدْخِلَتْ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ الْأَرْغِيَانِيِّ فَقَدْ  

[Machine] They both have one expiation except fasting, as indeed fasting is an expiation for both of them. It was said to him: What if he forces her? He said: Fasting alone is still the expiation.  

عَلَيْهِمَا كَفَّارَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ إِلَّا الصِّيَامَ فَإِنَّ الصِّيَامَ عَلَيْهِمَا جَمِيعًا قِيلَ لَهُ فَإِنِ اسْتَكْرَهَهَا؟ قَالَ عَلَيْهِ الصِّيَامُ وَحْدَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever breaks their fast on a day of Ramadan without a valid excuse, Allah will not accept their fasting for that day, even if they were to fast the entire lifetime. What has reached me from Abu 'Isa al-Tirmidhi is that he said: "I asked al-Bukhari about this hadith, and Abu al-Mutawwus, whose name is Yazid ibn al-Mutawwus, narrated this hadith exclusively. I do not know if his father heard it from Abu Hurairah or not. Al-Bukhari has included the text of this hadith in the chapter's biography."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فِي غَيْرِ رُخْصَةٍ رَخَّصَهَا اللهُ ﷻ لَهُ لَمْ يَقْضِ عَنْهُ وَإِنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ كُلَّهُ وَفِيمَا بَلَغَنِي عَنْ أَبِي عِيسَى التِّرْمِذِيِّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ الْبُخَارِيَّ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ أَبُو الْمُطَوِّسِ اسْمُهُ يَزِيدُ بْنُ الْمُطَوِّسِ وَتَفَرَّدَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ وَلَا أَدْرِي سَمِعَ أَبُوهُ مِنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَمْ لَا وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَ الْبُخَارِيُّ مَتْنَهُ فِي تَرْجَمَةِ الْبَابِ  

[Machine] Abdullah ibn Mas'ud said, "Whoever intentionally breaks their fast during Ramadan without a valid excuse, and then spends their whole life trying to make up for it, it will not be accepted from them by any means. This person, I believe, is Ibn Husayn al-Nakha'i, who is not strong in knowledge."  

قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ مَنْ أَفْطَرَ يَوْمًا مَنْ رَمَضَانَ مُتَعَمِّدًا مِنْ غَيْرِ عِلَّةٍ ثُمَّ قَضَى طُولَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ هَذَا أَظُنُّهُ ابْنَ حُسَيْنٍ النَّخَعِيِّ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ  

[Machine] "There is no expiation (atonement) for him. As for the hadith..."  

أَنْ لَا كَفَّارَةَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَمَّا الْحَدِيثُ الَّذِي  

[Machine] reported that the Prophet ordered whoever broke their fast during Ramadan to make up for it by fasting a day in compensation. The compensation is to fast for 80 days. Abu Al-Husayn reported that Abu Ja'far narrated from Ismail who narrated from Yahya who narrated from Hushaym who narrated from Laith who narrated from Mujahid who narrated from Abu Hurayrah who narrated from the Prophet with a similar wording. This is a shortened version of the narration that Hushaym reported.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَمَرَ الَّذِي أَفْطَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ بِكَفَّارَةِ الظِّهَارِ 8070 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ثنا يَحْيَى ثنا هُشَيْمٌ ثنا لَيْثٌ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مِثْلَهُ فَهَذَا اخْتِصَارٌ وَقَعَ مِنْ هُشَيْمٍ لِلْحَدِيثِ فَقَدْ