6. Sūrat al-Anʿām (4/4)

٦۔ سُورَةُ الأنعَام ص ٤

Qurʾān > Chapter 6
القرآن > كتاب ٦

The Cattle (Meccan)

quran:6:151 –

Say, "Come, I will recite what your Lord has prohibited to you. ˹He commands˺ that you not associate anything with Him, and to parents, good treatment, and do not kill your children out of poverty; We will provide for you and them. And do not approach immoralities - what is apparent of them and what is concealed. And do not kill the soul which Allah has forbidden ˹to be killed˺ except by ˹legal˺ right. This has He instructed you that you may use reason."  

Say: ‘Come, I will recite that which your Lord has made a sacred duty for you: that (allā: ˹consisting of anlā˺ an being explicative) you associate nothing with Him, that you be dutiful to parents, and that you do not slay your children, by burying them alive, because of poverty, destitution, that you may fear — We will provide for you and them — and that you do not draw near any acts of lewdness, grave sins, such as fornication, whether it be manifest or concealed, that is, ˹acts committed˺ overtly or in secret, and that you do not slay the life which God has made sacred, except rightfully, as in the case of retaliation, or ˹as˺ the prescribed punishment for apostasy, and the stoning of an adulterer. This, which is mentioned, is what He has charged you with, that perhaps you will understand, reflect.
القرآن:٦:١٥١ –

قُلْ تَعَالَوْا أَتْلُ مَا حَرَّمَ رَبُّكُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ ۖ أَلَّا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا ۖ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا ۖ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَوْلَادَكُمْ مِنْ إِمْلَاقٍ ۖ نَحْنُ نَرْزُقُكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ ۖ وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا الْفَوَاحِشَ مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَمَا بَطَنَ ۖ وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا النَّفْسَ الَّتِي حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ إِلَّا بِالْحَقِّ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ  

{قل تعالوا أتل} أقرأ {ما حرم ربكم عليكم أ} ن مفسرة {لا تشركوا به شيئا و} أحسنوا {بالوالدين إحسانا ولا تقتلوا أولادكم} بالوأد {من} أجل {إملاق} فقر تخافونه {نحن نرزقكم وإياكم ولا تقربوا الفواحش} الكبائر كالزنا {ما ظهر منها وما بطن} أي علانيتها وسرها {ولا تقتلوا النفس التي حرَّم الله إلا بالحق} كالقود وحد الردة ورجم المحصن {ذلكم} المذكور {وصاكم به لعلكم تعقلون} تتدبرون.
quran:6:152 –

And do not approach the orphan's property except in a way that is best until he reaches maturity. And give full measure and weight in justice. We do not charge any soul except ˹with that within˺ its capacity. And when you testify, be just, even if ˹it concerns˺ a near relative. And the covenant of Allah fulfill. This has He instructed you that you may remember.  

And that you do not approach the property of the orphan save with that, approach, which is fairer, namely, the one wherein lie his best interests, until he is of age, when he is sexually mature. And give full measure and full weight, in justice, fairly, desisting from any fraud. We do not charge any soul beyond its capacity, what it can bear in such ˹matters˺, so that if one makes a mistake in a measure or weight, and God knows that his intention had been well-meaning, then he suffers no blame, as is stated in one hadīth. And if you speak, ˹to pass˺ a judgement or otherwise, then be just, by being truthful, even if he, the person receiving the statement or the one being accused in it, should be a kinsman. And fulfil God’s covenant. This is what He has charged you with, that perhaps you will remember (read tadhakkarūn or tadhkurūn), you will be admonished.
القرآن:٦:١٥٢ –

وَلَا تَقْرَبُوا مَالَ الْيَتِيمِ إِلَّا بِالَّتِي هِيَ أَحْسَنُ حَتَّىٰ يَبْلُغَ أَشُدَّهُ ۖ وَأَوْفُوا الْكَيْلَ وَالْمِيزَانَ بِالْقِسْطِ ۖ لَا نُكَلِّفُ نَفْسًا إِلَّا وُسْعَهَا ۖ وَإِذَا قُلْتُمْ فَاعْدِلُوا وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبَىٰ ۖ وَبِعَهْدِ اللَّهِ أَوْفُوا ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُونَ  

{ولا تقربوا مال اليتيم إلا بالتي} أي بالخصلة التي {هي أحسن} وهي ما فيه صلاحه {حتى يبلغ أشدَّه} بأن يحتلم {وأوفوا الكيل والميزان بالقسط} بالعدل وترك البخس {لا نكلف نفسا إلا وسعها} طاقتها في ذلك فإن أخطأ في الكيل والوزن والله يعلم صحة نيته فلا مؤاخذة عليه كما ورد في حديث {وإذا قلتم} في حكم أو غيره {فاعدلوا} بالصدق {ولو كان} المقول له أو عليه {ذا قربى} قرابة {وبعهد الله أوفوا ذلكم وصَّاكم به لعلكم تذكَّرون} بالتشديد تتعظون والسكون.
quran:6:153 –

And, ˹moreover˺, this is My path, which is straight, so follow it; and do not follow ˹other˺ ways, for you will be separated from His way. This has He instructed you that you may become righteous.  

And that (read anna, with lām ˹of li-anna, ‘because’˺ being implied, or inna, as beginning a new sentence) this, that I have charged you with, is My straight path (mustaqīman, ‘straight’, is a circumstantial qualifier), so follow it; and do not follow other ways, paths opposed to it, lest it separate you (tafarraqa: one of the two letters tā’ ˹of the original tatafarraqa˺ has been omitted) make you incline, away from His way, His religion. This is what He has ordained for you, that perhaps you will be God-fearing’.
القرآن:٦:١٥٣ –

وَأَنَّ هَٰذَا صِرَاطِي مُسْتَقِيمًا فَاتَّبِعُوهُ ۖ وَلَا تَتَّبِعُوا السُّبُلَ فَتَفَرَّقَ بِكُمْ عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكُمْ وَصَّاكُمْ بِهِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ  

{وأنَّ} بالفتح على تقدير اللام والكسر استئنافا {هذا} الذي وصيتكم به {صراطي مستقيما} حال {فاتَّبعوه ولا تتبعوا السبل} الطرق المخالفة له {فتفرَّق} فيه حذف إحدى التاءين تميل {بكم عن سبيله} دينه {ذلكم وصاكم به لعلكم تتقون}
quran:6:154 –

Then We gave Moses the Scripture, making complete ˹Our favor˺ upon the one who did good and as a detailed explanation of all things and as guidance and mercy that perhaps in ˹the matter of˺ the meeting with their Lord they would believe.  

Then (thumma is for ˹describing events in a˺ sequence) We gave Moses the Scripture, the Torah, complete, in grace, for him who does good, by observing it, and a detailing, an explanation, of all things, needed for religion, and as a guidance and a mercy, that perhaps they, that is, the Children of Israel, might believe in the encounter with their Lord, through the Resurrection.
القرآن:٦:١٥٤ –

ثُمَّ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ تَمَامًا عَلَى الَّذِي أَحْسَنَ وَتَفْصِيلًا لِكُلِّ شَيْءٍ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةً لَعَلَّهُمْ بِلِقَاءِ رَبِّهِمْ يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{ثم آتينا موسى الكتاب} التوراة وثم لترتيب الأخبار {تماما} للنعمة {على الذي أحسن} بالقيام به {وتفصيلا} بيانا {لكل شيء} يحتاج إليه في الدين {وهدىّ ورحمة لعلهم} أي بني إسرائيل {بلقاء ربهم} بالبعث {يؤمنون}.
quran:6:155 –

And this ˹Qur'an˺ is a Book We have revealed ˹which is˺ blessed, so follow it and fear Allah that you may receive mercy.  

And this, Qur’ān, is a blessed Book which We have revealed; so follow it, O people of Mecca, by implementing what is in it, and be wary, of disbelief, that perhaps you might find mercy.
القرآن:٦:١٥٥ –

وَهَٰذَا كِتَابٌ أَنْزَلْنَاهُ مُبَارَكٌ فَاتَّبِعُوهُ وَاتَّقُوا لَعَلَّكُمْ تُرْحَمُونَ  

{وهذا} القرآن {كتاب أنزلناه مبارك فاتَّبعوه} يا أهل مكة بالعمل بما فيه {واتقوا} الكفر {لعلكم ترحمون}.
quran:6:156 –

˹We revealed it˺ lest you say, "The Scripture was only sent down to two groups before us, but we were of their study unaware,"  

We have revealed it, lest you should say, ‘The Scripture was revealed only upon two parties — the Jews and the Christians — before us and we (in has been softened, its noun omitted, in other words ˹read as˺ innā) indeed have been unacquainted with their study’, their reading ˹of the scripture˺, not knowing any of it, since it is not in our own language.
القرآن:٦:١٥٦ –

أَنْ تَقُولُوا إِنَّمَا أُنْزِلَ الْكِتَابُ عَلَىٰ طَائِفَتَيْنِ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا وَإِنْ كُنَّا عَنْ دِرَاسَتِهِمْ لَغَافِلِينَ  

أنزلناه لـ {أن} لا {تقولوا إنما أنزل الكتاب على طائفتين} اليهود والنصارى {من قبلنا وإن} مخففة واسمها محذوف أي إنا {كنَّا عن دراستهم} قراءتهم {لغافلين} لعدم معرفتنا لها إذ ليست بلغتنا.
quran:6:157 –

Or lest you say, "If only the Scripture had been revealed to us, we would have been better guided than they." So there has ˹now˺ come to you a clear evidence from your Lord and a guidance and mercy. Then who is more unjust than one who denies the verses of Allah and turns away from them? We will recompense those who turn away from Our verses with the worst of punishment for their having turned away.  

Or lest you should say, ‘If the Scripture had been revealed to us, we would have surely been more rightly guided than they are’, because of the excellence of our minds. Now indeed a clear proof, a ˹clear˺ statement, has come to you from your Lord, and a guidance and a mercy, for him who follows it; and who, that is, none, does greater evil than he who denies God’s signs and turns away from them? We shall surely requite those who turn away from Our signs with dreadful, the most severe, chastisement for their aversion.
القرآن:٦:١٥٧ –

أَوْ تَقُولُوا لَوْ أَنَّا أُنْزِلَ عَلَيْنَا الْكِتَابُ لَكُنَّا أَهْدَىٰ مِنْهُمْ ۚ فَقَدْ جَاءَكُمْ بَيِّنَةٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَهُدًى وَرَحْمَةٌ ۚ فَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ كَذَّبَ بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ وَصَدَفَ عَنْهَا ۗ سَنَجْزِي الَّذِينَ يَصْدِفُونَ عَنْ آيَاتِنَا سُوءَ الْعَذَابِ بِمَا كَانُوا يَصْدِفُونَ  

{أو تقولا لو أنا أنزل علينا الكتابُ لكنا أهدى منهم} لجودة أذهاننا {فقد جاءكم بينة} بيان {من ربِّكم وهدى ورحمة} لمن اتبعه {فمن} أي لا أحد {أظلم ممن كذَّب بآيات الله وصدف} أعرض {عنها سنجزي الذين يصدفون عن آياتنا سوء العذاب} أي أشده {بما كانوا يصدفون}.
quran:6:158 –

Do they ˹then˺ wait for anything except that the angels should come to them or your Lord should come or that there come some of the signs of your Lord? The Day that some of the signs of your Lord will come no soul will benefit from its faith as long as it had not believed before or had earned through its faith some good. Say, "Wait. Indeed, we ˹also˺ are waiting."  

Are they waiting — the deniers are indeed waiting — for nothing less than that the angels should come to them (read ta’tīyahum or ya’tīyahum), to seize their souls, or that your Lord, that is, His command, meaning His chastisement, should come, or that one of your Lord’s signs should come?, that is, those portents of His that indicate ˹the arrival of˺ the Hour? On the day that one of your Lord’s signs comes — and this is the rising of the sun from the west, as reported in the hadīth of the two Sahīhs ˹of Bukhārī and Muslim˺ — it shall not benefit a soul to believe if it had not believed theretofore (lam takun āmanat min qabl is an adjectival qualification of nafs, ‘a soul’) or, a soul which had not ˹until then˺, earned in its belief some good, some ˹act of˺ obedience, that is to say, its repentance shall be of no benefit to it, as ˹stated˺ in the hadīth ˹corpus˺. Say: ‘Wait, for one of these things, We too are waiting’, for it.
القرآن:٦:١٥٨ –

هَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَأْتِيَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ رَبُّكَ أَوْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ ۗ يَوْمَ يَأْتِي بَعْضُ آيَاتِ رَبِّكَ لَا يَنْفَعُ نَفْسًا إِيمَانُهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ آمَنَتْ مِنْ قَبْلُ أَوْ كَسَبَتْ فِي إِيمَانِهَا خَيْرًا ۗ قُلِ انْتَظِرُوا إِنَّا مُنْتَظِرُونَ  

{هل ينظرون} ما ينتظر المكذبون {إلا أن تأتيهم} بالتاء والياء {الملائكة} لقبض أرواحهم {أو يأتي ربُّك} أي أمره بمعنى عذابه {أو يأتي بعض آيات ربِّك} أي علاماته الدالة على الساعة {يوم يأتي بعض آيات ربَّك} وهي طلوع الشمس من مغربها كما في حديث الصحيحين {لا ينفع نفسا إيمانها لم تكن آمنت من قبل} الجملة صفة النفس {أو} نفسا لم تكن {كسبت في إيمانها خيرا} طاعة أي لا تنفعها توبتها كما في الحديث {قل انتظروا} أحد هذه الأشياء {إنا منتظرون} ذلك.
quran:6:159 –

Indeed, those who have divided their religion and become sects - you, ˹O Muhammad˺, are not ˹associated˺ with them in anything. Their affair is only ˹left˺ to Allah; then He will inform them about what they used to do.  

Those who have sundered their religion, by being at variance over it, accepting some ˹aspects˺ of it and rejecting others, and have become differing parties, sects with regard to such ˹matters˺ (a variant reading ˹for farraqū, ‘they have sundered’˺ has fāraqū, meaning that they have abandoned the religion to which they were enjoined, and they are the Jews and the Christians), you have no concern with them at all, in other words, do not be concerned with them. Their case will go to God — He will take charge of it — then He will inform them, in the Hereafter, of what they used to do, and requite them for it: this was abrogated by the ‘sword’ verse ˹Q. 9:5˺.
القرآن:٦:١٥٩ –

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ فَرَّقُوا دِينَهُمْ وَكَانُوا شِيَعًا لَسْتَ مِنْهُمْ فِي شَيْءٍ ۚ إِنَّمَا أَمْرُهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ ثُمَّ يُنَبِّئُهُمْ بِمَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ  

{إن الذين فرَّقوا دينهم} باختلافهم فيه فأخذوا بعضه وتركوا بعضه {وكانوا شيعا} فرقا في ذلك، وفي قراءة فارقوا أي تركوا دينهم الذي أمروا به وهم اليهود والنصارى {لست منهم في شيء} أي فلا تتعرض لهم {إنما أمرهم إلى الله} يتولاه {ثم ينبِّئهم} في الآخرة {بما كانوا يفعلون} فيجازيهم به وهذا منسوخ بآيه السيف.
quran:6:160 –

Whoever comes ˹on the Day of Judgement˺ with a good deed will have ten times the like thereof ˹to his credit˺, and whoever comes with an evil deed will not be recompensed except the like thereof; and they will not be wronged.  

Whoever brings a good deed, that is, ˹the affirmation of˺ ‘there is no god but God’, shall receive tenfold the like of it, that is, the reward for ten good deeds, and whoever brings an evil deed shall only be requited the like of it, that is, its ˹appropriate˺ requital; and they shall not be wronged, nothing shall be diminished from their ˹just˺ requital.
القرآن:٦:١٦٠ –

مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ عَشْرُ أَمْثَالِهَا ۖ وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَلَا يُجْزَىٰ إِلَّا مِثْلَهَا وَهُمْ لَا يُظْلَمُونَ  

{من جاء بالحسنة} أي لا إله إلا الله {فله عشرُ أمثالها} أي جزاء عشر حسنات {ومن جاء بالسيئة فلا يجزى إلا مثلها} أي جزاءه {وهم لا يُظلمون} ينقصون من جزائهم شيئا.
quran:6:161 –

Say, "Indeed, my Lord has guided me to a straight path - a correct religion - the way of Abraham, inclining toward truth. And he was not among those who associated others with Allah."  

Say: ‘As for me, my Lord has guided me to a straight path (ilā sirātin mustaqīm is substituted by ˹the following, dīnan qiyaman˺) a right religion, an upright ˹one˺, the creed of Abraham, a hanīf; and he was not of the idolaters’.
القرآن:٦:١٦١ –

قُلْ إِنَّنِي هَدَانِي رَبِّي إِلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ دِينًا قِيَمًا مِلَّةَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ حَنِيفًا ۚ وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ  

{قل إنني هداني ربي إلى صراط مستقيم} ويبدل من محله {دينا قيما} مستقيما {ملة إبراهيم حنيفا وما كان من المشركين}.
quran:6:162 –

Say, "Indeed, my prayer, my rites of sacrifice, my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the worlds.  

Say: ‘My prayer and my rituals, my devotions, in the way of pilgrimage and otherwise, and my living, my life, and my dying, my death, are all for God, the Lord of the Worlds.
القرآن:٦:١٦٢ –

قُلْ إِنَّ صَلَاتِي وَنُسُكِي وَمَحْيَايَ وَمَمَاتِي لِلَّهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ  

{قل إن صلاتي ونسكي} عبادتي من حج وغيره {ومحياي} حياتي {ومماتي} موتي {لله رب العالمين}.
quran:6:163 –

No partner has He. And this I have been commanded, and I am the first ˹among you˺ of the Muslims."  

No associate has He, in these things. And to this, affirmation of the Oneness ˹of God˺, I have been commanded, and I am the first of those who submit’, from among this community.
القرآن:٦:١٦٣ –

لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ ۖ وَبِذَٰلِكَ أُمِرْتُ وَأَنَا أَوَّلُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ  

{لا شريك له} في ذلك {وبذلك} أي التوحيد {أمرت وأنا أول المسلمين} من هذه الأمة.
quran:6:164 –

Say, "Is it other than Allah I should desire as a lord while He is the Lord of all things? And every soul earns not ˹blame˺ except against itself, and no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. Then to your Lord is your return, and He will inform you concerning that over which you used to differ."  

Say: ‘Shall I seek any other than God for a lord, for a god, in other words, I shall not seek any other than Him, when He is the Lord, the Possessor, of all things?’ Every soul earns, of sin, only against itself; and no burdened, ˹no˺ sinful, soul shall bear the burden of another, soul. Then to your Lord shall you return, and He will inform you of that over which you differed.
القرآن:٦:١٦٤ –

قُلْ أَغَيْرَ اللَّهِ أَبْغِي رَبًّا وَهُوَ رَبُّ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ ۚ وَلَا تَكْسِبُ كُلُّ نَفْسٍ إِلَّا عَلَيْهَا ۚ وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۚ ثُمَّ إِلَىٰ رَبِّكُمْ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَيُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ تَخْتَلِفُونَ  

{قل أغير الله أبغي ربّا} إلها أي لا أطلب غيره {وهو ربُّ} مالك {كل شيء ولا تكسب كل نفس} ذنبا {إلا عليها ولا تزر} تحمل نفس {وازرة} آثمة {وزر} نفس {أخرى ثم إلى ربكم مرجعكم فينبئكم بما كنتم فيه تختلفون}.
quran:6:165 –

And it is He who has made you successors upon the earth and has raised some of you above others in degrees ˹of rank˺ that He may try you through what He has given you. Indeed, your Lord is swift in penalty; but indeed, He is Forgiving and Merciful.  

And He it is Who has made you successors (khalā’if is the plural of khalīfa), in other words, ˹He has made you˺ to succeed one another therein, in the earth and has raised some of you above others in degrees, through wealth and status and otherwise, so that He may try you, that He may test you, in what He has given you, in order to manifest the obedient among you and the disobedient. Surely your Lord is swift in punishment, of those who disobey Him; and surely He is Forgiving, to believers, Merciful, to them. Meccan, except for verses 163-170 inclusive, which are Medinese: it consists of 205 or 206 verses, and was revealed after ˹sūrat˺ Sād.
القرآن:٦:١٦٥ –

وَهُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكُمْ خَلَائِفَ الْأَرْضِ وَرَفَعَ بَعْضَكُمْ فَوْقَ بَعْضٍ دَرَجَاتٍ لِيَبْلُوَكُمْ فِي مَا آتَاكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ رَبَّكَ سَرِيعُ الْعِقَابِ وَإِنَّهُ لَغَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ  

{وهو الذي جعلكم خلائف الأرض} جمع خليفة: أي يخلف بعضكم بعضا فيها {ورفع بعضكم فوق بعض درجات} بالمال والجاه وغير ذلك {ليبلوكم} ليختبركم {فيما آتاكم} أعطاكم ليظهر المطيع منكم والعاصي {إن ربك سريع العقاب} لمن عصاه {وإنه لغفور} للمؤمنين {رحيم} بهم.