37. Sūrat al-Ṣāffāt (1/4)

٣٧۔ سُورَةُ الصَّافات ص ١

Those drawn up in Ranks (Meccan)

quran:37:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

By those ˹angels˺ lined up in rows  

By those who are ranged in ranks — ˹by˺ the angels who range their souls in worship or their wings in the air awaiting their orders;
القرآن:٣٧:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

وَالصَّافَّاتِ صَفًّا  

{والصافات صفّا} الملائكة تصف نفوسها في العبادة أو أجنحتها في الهواء تنتظر ما تؤمر به.
quran:37:2

And those who drive ˹the clouds˺  

and the drivers who drive ˹away˺, the angels who drive the clouds;
القرآن:٣٧:٢

فَالزَّاجِرَاتِ زَجْرًا  

{فالزاجرات زجرا} الملائكة تزجر السحاب أي تسوقه.
quran:37:3

And those who recite the message,  

and those who recite, that is to say, the readers of the Qur’ān, they recite it, by way remembrance (dhikran is a verbal noun referring to ˹the action of˺ al-tāliyāt, ‘those who recite’).
القرآن:٣٧:٣

فَالتَّالِيَاتِ ذِكْرًا  

{فالتاليات} أي قراء القرآن يتلونه {ذكرا} مصدر من معنى التاليات.
quran:37:4

Indeed, your God is One,  

Indeed your God, O people of Mecca, is certainly One,
القرآن:٣٧:٤

إِنَّ إِلَٰهَكُمْ لَوَاحِدٌ  

{إن إلهكم} يا أهل مكة {لواحد}.
quran:37:5

Lord of the heavens and the earth and that between them and Lord of the sunrises.  

Lord of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them, and Lord of the sun’s risings, that is, as well as the sun’s settings — each day it ˹the sun˺ has a rising and a setting.
القرآن:٣٧:٥

رَبُّ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ وَمَا بَيْنَهُمَا وَرَبُّ الْمَشَارِقِ  

{ربُّ السماوات والأرض وما بينهما وربُّ المشارق} أي والمغارب للشمس، لها كل يوم مشرق ومغرب.
quran:37:6

Indeed, We have adorned the nearest heaven with an adornment of stars  

We have indeed adorned the lowest heaven with an adornment, the stars, that is to say, ˹adorned˺ with their light or with them ˹the stars˺ (the genitive annexation ˹bi-zīnati’l-kawākib˺ is for explication; similarly ˹explicative˺ is the reading of bi-zīnatin, ‘with an adornment’, with nunation, ˹the adornment˺ explained as being ‘the stars’);
القرآن:٣٧:٦

إِنَّا زَيَّنَّا السَّمَاءَ الدُّنْيَا بِزِينَةٍ الْكَوَاكِبِ  

{إنَّا زينا السماء الدنيا بزينة الكواكب} أي بضوئها أو بها، والإضافة للبيان كقراءة تنوين زينة المبينة بالكواكب.
quran:37:7

And as protection against every rebellious devil  

and to guard (wa-hifzan is in the accusative because of an implied verb) that is to say, ‘We have guarded it with meteors’, from every (min kulli is semantically connected to the implied verb) any rebellious devil, who is a transgressor, in rebellion against obedience.
القرآن:٣٧:٧

وَحِفْظًا مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْطَانٍ مَارِدٍ  

{وحفظا} منصوب بفعل مقدر: أي حفظناها بالشهب {من كل} متعلق بالمقدر {شيطان مارد} عاتٍ خارج عن الطاعة.
quran:37:8

˹So˺ they may not listen to the exalted assembly ˹of angels˺ and are pelted from every side,  

They, namely, the devils (lā yasma‘ūna, this is ˹the beginning of˺ a new sentence) cannot listen in — this ‘listening’ of theirs represents that faculty with which they memorise ˹what they hear˺ — on the High Council, the angels in the heavens (the ˹normally transitive verb˺ al-samā‘ is complemented with the preposition ilā, ‘to’ ˹here ‘in on’˺ because it includes the additional sense of ‘paying attention’ ˹while listening˺; a variant reading has yassamma‘una, which is actually yatasamma‘ūna, the tā’ have been assimilated with the sīn), for they, the devils, are pelted, with flames, from every side, from the remotest regions of the heavens,
القرآن:٣٧:٨

لَا يَسَّمَّعُونَ إِلَى الْمَلَإِ الْأَعْلَىٰ وَيُقْذَفُونَ مِنْ كُلِّ جَانِبٍ  

{لا يسمعون} أي الشياطين مستأنف، وسماعهم هو في المعنى المحفوظ عنه {إلى الملأ الأعلى} الملائكة في السماء، وعدِّي السماع بإلى لتضمنه معنى الإصغاء وفي قراءة بتشديد الميم والسين أصله يتسمعون أدغمت التاء في السين {ويقذفون} أي الشياطين بالشهب {من كل جانب} من آفاق السماء.
quran:37:9

Repelled; and for them is a constant punishment,  

to repel ˹them˺ (duhūran is a verbal noun from daharahu, meaning, ‘he repelled him, driving him away’; it is an object denoting reason) and theirs, in the Hereafter, is an everlasting chastisement;
القرآن:٣٧:٩

دُحُورًا ۖ وَلَهُمْ عَذَابٌ وَاصِبٌ  

{دُحُورا} مصدر دحره: أي طرده وأبعده وهو مفعول له {ولهم} في الآخرة {عذاب واصب} دائم.
quran:37:10

Except one who snatches ˹some words˺ by theft, but they are pursued by a burning flame, piercing ˹in brightness˺.  

except him who snatches a fragment (al-khatfa is the verbal noun, that is to say, ‘˹that˺ one time’; the exceptive clause refers to the subject ˹of the verb˺ yasma‘ūna, in other words, ‘the only devil that is able to listen is the one that hears a word from the angels and snatches it away quickly’) and who is then pursued by a piercing flame (shihāb is a meteor) that pierces him, or burns him or robs him of his senses.
القرآن:٣٧:١٠

إِلَّا مَنْ خَطِفَ الْخَطْفَةَ فَأَتْبَعَهُ شِهَابٌ ثَاقِبٌ  

{إلا من خطف الخطفة} مصدر: أي المرة، والاستثناء من ضمير يسمعون: أي لا يسمع إلا الشيطان الذي سمع الكلمة من الملائكة فأخذها بسرعة {فأتبعه شهاب} كوكب مضيء {ثاقب} يثقبه أو يحرقه أو يخبله.
quran:37:11

Then inquire of them, ˹O Muhammad˺, "Are they a stronger ˹or more difficult˺ creation or those ˹others˺ We have created?" Indeed, We created men from sticky clay.  

So ask them, in other words, inquire of the people of Mecca for affirmation or by way of rebuke: Are they stronger as a creation, or those ˹others˺ whom We created?, of angels, heavens, the two earths and all that is in them (the use of man, ‘those whom’ ˹in man khalaqnā˺ indicates that the reference is predominantly to ˹other˺ rational creatures). Indeed We created them, that is, their origin, Adam, from a viscous clay, that sticks to the hand. The ˹intended˺ meaning is that their physical make-up is fragile so let them not behave arrogantly by rejecting the Prophet and the Qur’ān, a fact which will result in their — easily accomplished — destruction.
القرآن:٣٧:١١

فَاسْتَفْتِهِمْ أَهُمْ أَشَدُّ خَلْقًا أَمْ مَنْ خَلَقْنَا ۚ إِنَّا خَلَقْنَاهُمْ مِنْ طِينٍ لَازِبٍ  

{فاستفتهم} استخبر كفار مكة تقريرا أو توبيخا {أهم أشد خلقا أم من خلقنا} من الملائكة والسماوات والأرضين وما فيهما وفي الإتيان بمن تغليب العقلاء {إنا خلقناهم} أي أصلهم آدم {من طين لازب} لازم يلصق باليد: المعنى أن خلقهم ضعيف فلا يتكبروا بإنكار النبي والقرآن المؤدي إلى هلاكهم اليسير.
quran:37:12

But you wonder, while they mock,  

Nay, but (bal is for effecting a transition from one object to another, which in this case is to inform of his state and theirs) you marvel, (‘ajibta) addressing the Prophet (s), that is, ˹you marvel˺ that they deny you, while they engage in ridicule, at your marvelling,
القرآن:٣٧:١٢

بَلْ عَجِبْتَ وَيَسْخَرُونَ  

{بل} للانتقال من غرض إلى آخر وهو الإخبار بحاله وحالهم {عجبتَ} بفتح التاء خطابا للنبي ﷺ ، أي من تكذيبهم إياك {و} هم {يسخرون} من تعجبك.
quran:37:13

And when they are reminded, they remember not.  

and ˹even˺ when they are reminded, ˹when˺ they are admonished with the Qur’ān, they are not mindful, they do not heed the admonition,
القرآن:٣٧:١٣

وَإِذَا ذُكِّرُوا لَا يَذْكُرُونَ  

{وإذا ذكروا} وعظوا بالقرآن {لا يذكرون} لا يتعظون.
quran:37:14

And when they see a sign, they ridicule  

and when they see a sign, such as the splitting of the moon ˹cf. Q. 54:1˺, they make it an object of ridicule, they deride it.
القرآن:٣٧:١٤

وَإِذَا رَأَوْا آيَةً يَسْتَسْخِرُونَ  

{وإذا رأوْا آية} كانشقاق القمر {يستسخرون} يستهزئُون بها.
quran:37:15

And say, "This is not but obvious magic.  

And they say, regarding it: ‘This is nothing but manifest sorcery — and they say in denial of the Resurrection —
القرآن:٣٧:١٥

وَقَالُوا إِنْ هَٰذَا إِلَّا سِحْرٌ مُبِينٌ  

{وقالوا} فيها {إن} ما {هذا إلا سحر مبين} بيّن وقالوا منكرين للبعث.
quran:37:16

When we have died and become dust and bones, are we indeed to be resurrected?  

When we are dead and have become dust and bones, shall we indeed be resurrected? (In both places ˹sc. a-idhā and a-innā˺ either pronounce both hamzas, or read without pronouncing the second one and inserting an alif between them, in both cases).
القرآن:٣٧:١٦

أَإِذَا مِتْنَا وَكُنَّا تُرَابًا وَعِظَامًا أَإِنَّا لَمَبْعُوثُونَ  

{أئذا متنا وكنا ترابا وعظاما أئنا لمبعوثون} في الهمزتين في الموضوعين التحقيق وتسهيل الثانية وإدخال ألف بينهما على الوجهين.
quran:37:17

And our forefathers ˹as well˺?"  

And our forefathers too?’ (read aw ābā’unā indicating a supplement; or read a-wa-ābā’unā as an interrogative, effecting the supplement with the wāw; so that what is being supplemented is either the inna together with its subject ˹sc. a-inna la-mab‘ūthūna˺, or the subject ˹of the verb˺ la-mab‘ūthūna, in which case the interrogative hamza is a separator).
القرآن:٣٧:١٧

أَوَآبَاؤُنَا الْأَوَّلُونَ  

{أوْ آباؤنا الأولون} بسكون الواو عطفا بأو، وبفتحها والهمزة للاستفهام والعطف بالواو والمعطوف عليه محل إن واسمها أو الضمير في لمبعوثون والفاصل همزة الاستفهام.
quran:37:18

Say, "Yes, and you will be ˹rendered˺ contemptible."  

Say: ‘Yes, you will be resurrected, and you will be utterly humiliated!’
القرآن:٣٧:١٨

قُلْ نَعَمْ وَأَنْتُمْ دَاخِرُونَ  

{قل نعم} تبعثون {وأنتم داخرون} أي صاغرون.
quran:37:19

It will be only one shout, and at once they will be observing.  

For it will be only (innamā hiya, this ˹hiya˺ is a demonstrative pronoun explained by ˹the following, zajratun) a single cry and, lo! they, all creatures, will be, alive, watching, ˹to see˺ what will be done with them.
القرآن:٣٧:١٩

فَإِنَّمَا هِيَ زَجْرَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ فَإِذَا هُمْ يَنْظُرُونَ  

{فإنما هي} ضمير مبهم يفسره {زجرة} أي صيحة {واحدة فإذا هم} أي الخلائق أحياء {ينظرون} ما يفعل بهم.
quran:37:20

They will say, "O woe to us! This is the Day of Recompense."  

And they, the disbelievers, will say, ‘O (yā is for calling attention) woe to us!’, ˹O˺ our destruction ˹is here˺ (waylanā is a verbal noun without any ˹regular˺ verbal conjugation). And the angels will say to them: ‘This is the Day of Retribution’, the Day of Reckoning and Requital.
القرآن:٣٧:٢٠

وَقَالُوا يَا وَيْلَنَا هَٰذَا يَوْمُ الدِّينِ  

{وقالوا} أي الكفار {يا} للتنبيه {ويْلنا} هلاكنا، وهو مصدر لا فعل له من لفظه وتقول لهم الملائكة: {هذا يوم الدين} يوم الحساب والجزاء.
quran:37:21

˹They will be told˺, "This is the Day of Judgement which you used to deny."  

‘This is the Day of Judgement, between ˹all˺ creatures, that you used to deny!’
القرآن:٣٧:٢١

هَٰذَا يَوْمُ الْفَصْلِ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَ  

{هذا يوم الفصل} بين الخلائق {الذي كنتم به تكذبون} ويقال للملائكة.
quran:37:22

˹The angels will be ordered˺, "Gather those who committed wrong, their kinds, and what they used to worship  

It is then said to the angels: ‘Gather those who did wrong, to their own souls through idolatry, together with their mates, their associates from among the devils, and what they used to worship,
القرآن:٣٧:٢٢

احْشُرُوا الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُوا وَأَزْوَاجَهُمْ وَمَا كَانُوا يَعْبُدُونَ  

{أُحشروا الذين ظلموا} أنفسهم بالشرك {وأزواجهم} قرناءهم من الشياطين {وما كانوا يعبدون}.
quran:37:23

Other than Allah, and guide them to the path of Hellfire  

besides God, in other words, other than Him, in the way of graven images, and lead them, direct them and drive them, to the path of Hell, the way to the Fire.
القرآن:٣٧:٢٣

مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ فَاهْدُوهُمْ إِلَىٰ صِرَاطِ الْجَحِيمِ  

{من دون الله} أي غيره من الأوثان {فاهدوهم} دلوهم وسوقوهم {إلى صراط الجحيم} طريق النار.
quran:37:24

And stop them; indeed, they are to be questioned."  

But ˹first˺ stop them, detain them on the path, for they must be questioned, about all their sayings and deeds, and it will be said to them in rebuke:
القرآن:٣٧:٢٤

وَقِفُوهُمْ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ مَسْئُولُونَ  

{وقفوهم} احبسوهم عن الصراط {إنهم مسئولون} عن جميع أقوالهم، ويقال لهم توبيخا.
quran:37:25

˹They will be asked˺, "What is ˹wrong˺ with you? Why do you not help each other?"  

“What is wrong with you that you do not help one another?”, as was the case with you in this world. And it will be said to them:
القرآن:٣٧:٢٥

مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَنَاصَرُونَ  

{ما لكم لا تناصرون} لا ينصر بعضكم بعضا كحالكم في الدنيا ويقال لهم.
quran:37:26

But they, that Day, are in surrender.  

Nay, but today they offer complete submission, ˹they are˺ compliant, abased.
القرآن:٣٧:٢٦

بَلْ هُمُ الْيَوْمَ مُسْتَسْلِمُونَ  

{بل هم اليوم مستسلمون} منقادون أذلاء.
quran:37:27

And they will approach one another blaming each other.  

And some of them will turn to others, questioning each other, blaming one another and disputing.
القرآن:٣٧:٢٧

وَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ  

{وأقبل بعضهم على بعض يتساءلون} يتلاومون ويتخاصمون.
quran:37:28

They will say, "Indeed, you used to come at us from the right."  

They, that is, the followers among them, will say, to those whom they followed: ‘Indeed you used to approach us from the right’, in other words, from that aspect in which we used to trust you, for you used to swear that you followed the truth, and so we believed you and we followed you — in other words, ‘Indeed, you have led us astray!’
القرآن:٣٧:٢٨

قَالُوا إِنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ تَأْتُونَنَا عَنِ الْيَمِينِ  

{قالوا} أي الأتباع منهم للمتبوعين {إنكم كنتم تأتوننا عن اليمين} عن الجهة التي كنا نأمنكم منها لحلفكم أنكم على الحق فصدقناكم واتبعناكم، المعنى أنكم أضللتمونا.
quran:37:29

The oppressors will say, "Rather, you ˹yourselves˺ were not believers,  

They, the ones who were followed, say, to them ˹the followers˺: ‘On the contrary! You were ˹simply˺ not believers, for it would only be true that we led you astray if you had actually been believers ˹in the first place˺ and then rejected faith and followed us.
القرآن:٣٧:٢٩

قَالُوا بَلْ لَمْ تَكُونُوا مُؤْمِنِينَ  

{قالوا} أي المتبعون لهم {بل لم تكونوا مؤمنين} وإنما يصدق الإضلال منا أن لو كنتم مؤمنين فرجعتم عن الإيمان إلينا.
quran:37:30

And we had over you no authority, but you were a transgressing people.  

And we did not have any warrant, any sway or power, over you, to compel you to follow us. Nay, but you ˹yourselves˺ were a rebellious folk, astray, like us.
القرآن:٣٧:٣٠

وَمَا كَانَ لَنَا عَلَيْكُمْ مِنْ سُلْطَانٍ ۖ بَلْ كُنْتُمْ قَوْمًا طَاغِينَ  

{وما كان لنا عليكم من سلطان} قوة وقدرة تقهركم على متابعتنا {بل كنتم قوما طاغين} ضالين مثلنا.
quran:37:31

So the word of our Lord has come into effect upon us; indeed, we will taste ˹punishment˺.  

So our Lord’s Words, of chastisement — namely, His Words: ‘Verily I shall fill Hell with jinn and mankind together’ ˹Q. 11:119˺ — have become due against us, both. Indeed we shall, both, taste, the chastisement with these Words — which prompts them to say:
القرآن:٣٧:٣١

فَحَقَّ عَلَيْنَا قَوْلُ رَبِّنَا ۖ إِنَّا لَذَائِقُونَ  

(فحق) وجب (علينا) جميعا (قول ربنا) بالعذاب: أي قوله "" لأملأن جهنم من الجنة والناس أجمعين "" (إنا) جميعا (لذائقون) العذاب بذلك القول ونشأ عنه قولهم.
quran:37:32

And we led you to deviation; indeed, we were deviators."  

So we led you astray — the reason for which is given by their saying — indeed we ˹ourselves˺ were astray’.
القرآن:٣٧:٣٢

فَأَغْوَيْنَاكُمْ إِنَّا كُنَّا غَاوِينَ  

{فأغويناكم} المعلل بقولهم {إنا كنا غاوين}.
quran:37:33

So indeed they, that Day, will be sharing in the punishment.  

God, exalted be He, says: So they on that day, the Day of Resurrection, will share in the chastisement, for they shared in the error.
القرآن:٣٧:٣٣

فَإِنَّهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ فِي الْعَذَابِ مُشْتَرِكُونَ  

قال تعالى {فإنهم يومئذ} يوم القيامة {في العذاب مشتركون} أي لاشتراكهم في الغواية.
quran:37:34

Indeed, that is how We deal with the criminals.  

Indeed so, in the same way that We deal with these, We deal with sinners, other than these, in other words, We chastise both of them the followers and those who were followed.
القرآن:٣٧:٣٤

إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَفْعَلُ بِالْمُجْرِمِينَ  

{إنا كذلك} كما نفعل بهؤلاء {نفعل بالمجرمين} غير هؤلاء: أي نعذبهم التابع منهم والمتبوع.
quran:37:35

Indeed they, when it was said to them, "There is no deity but Allah," were arrogant  

For truly it was they who, in other words, ˹it was˺ these ˹sinners˺ who — given the context that follows — when it was said to them, ‘There is no god except God’, used to be scornful,
القرآن:٣٧:٣٥

إِنَّهُمْ كَانُوا إِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ  

{إنهم} أي هؤلاء بقرينة ما بعده {كانوا إذا قيل لهم لا إله إلا الله يستكبرون}.
quran:37:36

And were saying, "Are we to leave our gods for a mad poet?"  

and would say, ‘Are we to abandon our gods for a mad poet?’, that is, for the sake of what Muhammad (s) says? (as regards the hamzas ˹in a-innā, ‘are we’˺, the same applies as mentioned above).
القرآن:٣٧:٣٦

وَيَقُولُونَ أَئِنَّا لَتَارِكُو آلِهَتِنَا لِشَاعِرٍ مَجْنُونٍ  

{ويقولون أئنا} في همزتيه ما تقدم {لتاركوا آلهتنا لشاعر مجنون} أي لأجل محمد.
quran:37:37

Rather, the Prophet has come with the truth and confirmed the ˹previous˺ messengers.  

God, exalted be He, says: Nay, but he has brought ˹them˺ the truth and confirmed the ˹earlier˺ messengers, namely, those who had also brought this ˹truth˺, which is that there is no god except God.
القرآن:٣٧:٣٧

بَلْ جَاءَ بِالْحَقِّ وَصَدَّقَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ  

قال تعالى: {بل جاء بالحق وصدَّق المرسلين} الجائين به، وهو أن لا إله إلا الله.
quran:37:38

Indeed, you ˹disbelievers˺ will be tasters of the painful punishment,  

‘You shall certainly (there is a shift from the third person address ˹to the second˺ here) taste the painful chastisement,
القرآن:٣٧:٣٨

إِنَّكُمْ لَذَائِقُو الْعَذَابِ الْأَلِيمِ  

{إنكم} فيه التفات {لذائقوا العذاب الأليم}.
quran:37:39

And you will not be recompensed except for what you used to do -  

and you will only be requited, the requital for, what you used to do’.
القرآن:٣٧:٣٩

وَمَا تُجْزَوْنَ إِلَّا مَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُونَ  

{وما تجزوْن إلا} جزاء {ما كنتم تعملون}.
quran:37:40

But not the chosen servants of Allah.  

Except for God’s sincere servants, namely, the believers (the exception clause here is a discontinuous one),
القرآن:٣٧:٤٠

إِلَّا عِبَادَ اللَّهِ الْمُخْلَصِينَ  

{إلا عباد الله المخلصين} أي المؤمنين استثناء منقطع، أي ذكر جزائهم في قوله.
quran:37:41

Those will have a provision determined -  

whose requital is mentioned in His saying: For them there will be, in Paradise, a distinct provision, morning and evening —
القرآن:٣٧:٤١

أُولَٰئِكَ لَهُمْ رِزْقٌ مَعْلُومٌ  

{أولئك لهم} في الجنة {رزق معلوم} بكرة وعشيا.
quran:37:42

Fruits; and they will be honored  

fruits (fawākihu either substitutes for rizqun, or is an explication thereof) here these ˹fruits˺ represent what is eaten for delight and not for the sake of preserving one’s health ˹as in this world˺, for the inhabitants of Paradise are in no need of preserving it given that their bodies will be created to be everlasting — and they will honoured, with God’s reward, glory be to Him, exalted be He,
القرآن:٣٧:٤٢

فَوَاكِهُ ۖ وَهُمْ مُكْرَمُونَ  

{فواكه} بدل أو بيان للرزق وهو ما يؤكل تلذذا لحفظ صحة لأن أهل الجنة مستغنون عن حفظها بخلق أجسامهم للأبد {وهم مكرمون} بثواب الله سبحانه وتعالى.
quran:37:44

On thrones facing one another.  

˹reclining˺ upon couches, facing one another, so that they do not see the back of one another;
القرآن:٣٧:٤٤

عَلَىٰ سُرُرٍ مُتَقَابِلِينَ  

{على سرر متقابلين} لا يرى بعضهم قفا بعض.
quran:37:45

There will be circulated among them a cup ˹of wine˺ from a flowing spring,  

they are served from all round, each one of them ˹is so served˺, with a cup (ka’san, ˹this denotes˺ the vessel with the drink in it) from a spring, of wine that flows along the ground like streams of water,
القرآن:٣٧:٤٥

يُطَافُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِكَأْسٍ مِنْ مَعِينٍ  

{يطاف عليهم} على كل منهم {بكأس} هو الإناء بشرابه {من معين} من خمر يجري على وجه الأرض كأنهار الماء.
quran:37:46

White and delicious to the drinkers;  

white, whiter than milk, delicious to the drinkers, in contrast to the wine of this world which is distasteful to drink,
القرآن:٣٧:٤٦

بَيْضَاءَ لَذَّةٍ لِلشَّارِبِينَ  

{بيضاء} أشد بياضا من اللبن {لذة} لذيذة {للشاربين} بخلاف خمر الدنيا فإنها كريهة عند الشرب.
quran:37:47

No bad effect is there in it, nor from it will they be intoxicated.  

wherein there is neither madness, nothing to snatch away their minds, nor will they be spent by it (read yunzafūna or yunzifūna, from ˹1st form˺ nazafa or ˹4th form˺ anzafa, said of one drinking, in other words, they are ˹not˺ inebriated ˹by it˺, in contrast to the wine of this world),
القرآن:٣٧:٤٧

لَا فِيهَا غَوْلٌ وَلَا هُمْ عَنْهَا يُنْزَفُونَ  

{لا فيها غول} ما يغتال عقولهم {ولا هم عنها ينزَِفون} بفتح الزاي وكسرها من نزف الشارب وأنزف: أي يسكرون بخلاف خمر الدنيا.
quran:37:48

And with them will be women limiting ˹their˺ glances, with large, ˹beautiful˺ eyes,  

and with them will be maidens of restrained glances, who reserved their glances ˹exclusively˺ for their spouses and do not look upon any other — because of the beauty they ˹the maidens˺ see in them — with beautiful eyes (‘īn means with large and beautiful eyes),
القرآن:٣٧:٤٨

وَعِنْدَهُمْ قَاصِرَاتُ الطَّرْفِ عِينٌ  

{وعندهم قاصرات الطرْف} حابسات الأعين على أزواجهن لا ينظرن إلى غيرهم لحسنهم عندهن {عين} ضخام الأعين حسانها.
quran:37:49

As if they were ˹delicate˺ eggs, well-protected.  

as if they were, in terms of ˹the starkness of their white˺ colour, hidden eggs, of ostriches, sheltered by their feathers from dust, the colour being that whiteness with a hint of pallor, which is the most beautiful of female complexions.
القرآن:٣٧:٤٩

كَأَنَّهُنَّ بَيْضٌ مَكْنُونٌ  

{كأنهن} في اللون {بيض} للنعام {مكنون} مستور بريشه لا يصل إليه غبار، ولونه وهو البياض في صفرة، أحسن ألوان النساء.
quran:37:50

And they will approach one another, inquiring of each other.  

Some of them, some of the inhabitants of Paradise, will turn to others, questioning each other, regarding what they experienced in the ˹life of the˺ world.
القرآن:٣٧:٥٠

فَأَقْبَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَعْضٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ  

{فأقبل بعضهم} بعض أهل الجنة {على بعض يتساءلون} عما مر بهم في الدنيا.