One day while Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting with the people, a man came to him walking and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ. What is Belief?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Belief is to believe in Allah, His Angels, His Books, His Apostles, and the meeting with Him, and to believe in the Resurrection." The man asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ What is Islam?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Islam is to worship Allah and not worship anything besides Him, to offer prayers perfectly, to pay the (compulsory) charity i.e. Zakat and to fast the month of Ramadan." The man again asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ What is Ihsan (i.e. perfection or Benevolence)?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not achieve this state of devotion, then (take it for granted that) Allah sees you." The man further asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ When will the Hour be established?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "The one who is asked about it does not know more than the questioner does, but I will describe to you its portents. When the lady slave gives birth to her mistress, that will be of its portents; when the bare-footed naked people become the chiefs of the people, that will be of its portents. The Hour is one of five things which nobody knows except Allah. Verily, the knowledge of the Hour is with Allah (alone). He sends down the rain, and knows that which is in the wombs." (31.34) Then the man left. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Call him back to me." They went to call him back but could not see him. The Prophet ﷺ said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion." (See Hadith No. 47 Vol 1)

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ الإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الآخِرِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ الإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ سَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ رَبَّتَهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَ الْحُفَاةُ الْعُرَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ لا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ {إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأَرْحَامِ} ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رُدُّوا عَلَىَّ فَأَخَذُوا لِيَرُدُّوا فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ

One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appeared before the public so a man came to him and then said: Prophet of Allah, what is Iman? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm your faith in the Resurrection hereafter. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Islam? He replied: Al-Islam is that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him and you establish obligatory prayer and you pay the obligatory alms (Zakat) and you observe the fast of Ramadan. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Ihsan? He replied: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and for if you fail to see Him. He said: Messenger of Allah, when is the Hour (of Doom)? He replied: The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer, however I will narrate some of its signs to you. When the slave-girl will give birth to her master, then that is from its signs. When the naked, barefooted would become the chiefs of the people, then that is from its signs. When the shepherds of the black (camels) would exult themselves in buildings, then that is from its signs. (The Hour is) Among one of the five which no one knows but Allah. Then he recited (the verse): "Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs. And no soul knows what it shall earn tomorrow, and a soul knows not in what land it shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware." He (Abu Huraira) said: Then the person turned back and went away. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Bring that man back to me. They went to bring him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this the Messenger of Allah remarked: he was Gabriel, who came to teach the people their religion.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الآخِرِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَتُؤَدِّيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لاَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ سَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رِعَاءُ الْبَهْمِ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ تَلاَ ﷺ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَىِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} قَالَ ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رُدُّوا عَلَىَّ الرَّجُلَ فَأَخَذُوا لِيَرُدُّوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ

Ask me (about religious matters), but they (the Companions) were in awe of asking him. Then came a man, and sat near his knees and said: O Messenger of Allah, what is al-Islam? So he (the Holy Prophet) replied: [That] you do not associate anything with Allah, and establish the prayer, pay the alms (Zakat) and fast Ramadan. He said: You (have) told the truth. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Iman (Faith)? He said: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Apostles, and that you believe in Resurrection and that you believe in Qadr (Divine Decree) in all its entirety. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Ihsan? Upon this he said: that you fear Allah as if you are seeing Him, and though you see Him not, verily He is seeing you. He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth. He (the inquirer) said: When will the Hour (of Doom) occur? He said: The one who is being asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer and I will narrate some of its signs to you. When you see a [slave] woman giving birth to her master - then that is [one] of its signs. And when you see barefooted, naked, deaf and dumb (ignorant and foolish persons) as the rulers of the earth - then that is [one] of its signs. And when you see the shepherds of black (camels) exult in buildings - then that is [one] of its signs. The (Hour) is one of the five things of the unseen. No one knows them except Allah. Then (the Holy Prophet) recited (the folowing verse):" Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs. And no soul knows what it shall earn on the morrow and a soul knows not in what land it shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware." He (Abu Huraira) said: Then the person stood up (and made his way). Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Bring him back to me. He was searched for, but they could not find him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ thereupon said: He was Gabriel and he wanted to teach you when you did not ask.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَلُونِي فَهَابُوهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلُوهُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَجَلَسَ عِنْدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ لاَ تُشْرِكُ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلاَةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَخْشَى اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لاَ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَتَى تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَسَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْمَرْأَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الصُّمَّ الْبُكْمَ مُلُوكَ الأَرْضِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ رِعَاءَ الْبَهْمِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ مِنَ الْغَيْبِ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَىِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} قَالَ ثُمَّ قَامَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رُدُّوهُ عَلَىَّ فَالْتُمِسَ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ أَرَادَ أَنْ تَعَلَّمُوا إِذْ لَمْ تَسْأَلُوا

"Umar bin Al-Khattab told me: 'While we were with the Messenger of Allah [SAW] one day, a man appeared before us whose clothes were exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black. We could see no signs of travel on him, but none of us knew him. He came and sat before the Messenger of Allah [SAW], putting his knees against his, and placing his hands on his thighs, then he said: "O Muhammad, tell me about Islam." He said: "It is to bear witness that there is none worthy of worship except Allah [SWT] and that Muhammad [SAW] is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the Salah, to give Zakah, to fast Ramadan, and to perform Hajj to the House if you are able to bear the journey." He said: "You have spoken the truth." And we were amazed by his asking him, and then saying, "You have spoken the truth". Then he said: "Tell me about Faith." He said: "It is to believe in Allah [SWT] , His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and in the Divine Decree, its good and its bad." He said: "You have spoken the truth." He said: "Tell me about Al-Ihsan." He said: "It is to worship Allah [SWT] as if you can see Him, for although you cannot see Him, He can see you." He said: "Tell me about the Hour." He said: "The one who is asked about it does not know more about it than the one who is asking." He said: "Then tell me about its signs." He said: "When a slave woman gives birth to her mistress, when you see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in making tall buildings.'" 'Umar said: 'Three (days) passed, then the Messenger of Allah [SAW] said to me: "O 'Umar, do you know who the questioner was?" I said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said: "That was Jibril, peace be upon him, who came to you to teach you your religion."

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ لاَ يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلاَ يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِسْلاَمِ قَالَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَعَجِبْنَا إِلَيْهِ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِيمَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ قَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَبِثْتُ ثَلاَثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَا عُمَرُ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ أَتَاكُمْ لِيُعَلِّمَكُمْ أَمْرَ دِينِكُمْ

"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] would sit among his Companions and if a stranger came, he would not know which of them was he (the Prophet [SAW]) until he asked. So we suggested to the Messenger of Allah [SAW] that we should make a dais for him so that any stranger would know him if he came to him. So we built for him a bench made of clay on which he used to sit. (One day) we were sitting and the Messenger of Allah [SAW] was sitting in his spot, when a man came along who was the most handsome and good-smelling of all people, and it was as if no dirt had ever touched his garments. He came near the edge of the rug and greeted him, saying: 'Peace be upon you, O Muhammad!' He returned the greeting, and he said: 'Shall I come closer, O Muhammad?' He came a little closer, and he kept telling him to come closer, until he put his hands on the knees of the Messenger of Allah [SAW]. He said: 'O Muhammad, tell me, what is Islam?' He said: 'Islam means to worship Allah and not associate anything with Him; to establish Salah, to pay Zakah, to perform Hajj to the House, and to fast Ramadan.' He said: 'If I do that, will I have submitted (be a Muslim)?' He said: 'Yes.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth,' we found it odd. He said: 'O Muhammad, tell me, what is faith?' He said: 'To believe in Allah [SWT], His Angels, the Book, the Prophets, and to believe in the Divine Decree.' He said: 'If I do that, will I have believed?' The Messenger of Allah [SAW] said: 'Yes.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth.' He said: 'O Muhammad, tell me, what is Al-Ihsan?' He said: 'To worship Allah [SWT] as if you can see Him, for although you cannot see Him, He can see you.' He said: 'You have spoken the truth.' He said: 'O Muhammad, tell me about the Hour.' He lowered his head and did not answer. Then he repeated the question, and he did not answer. Then he repeated the question (a third time) and he did not answer. Then he raised his head and said: 'The one who is being asked does not know more than the one who is asking. But it has signs, by which it may be known. When you see the herdsmen competing in building tall buildings, when you see the barefoot and naked ruling the Earth, when you see a woman giving birth to her mistress. Five things which no one knows except Allah [SWT]. Verily, Allah, with Him (alone) is the knowledge of the Hour up to His saying: 'Verily, Allah is All-Knower, All-Aware (of things).' Then he said: 'No, by the One who sent Muhammad with the truth, with guidance and glad tidings, I did not know him more than any man among you. That was Jibril, peace be upon you, who came down in the form of Dihyah Al-Kalbi.'"

عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالاَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَجْلِسُ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَىْ أَصْحَابِهِ فَيَجِيءُ الْغَرِيبُ فَلاَ يَدْرِي أَيُّهُمْ هُوَ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَ فَطَلَبْنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ نَجْعَلَ لَهُ مَجْلِسًا يَعْرِفُهُ الْغَرِيبُ إِذَا أَتَاهُ فَبَنَيْنَا لَهُ دُكَّانًا مِنْ طِينٍ كَانَ يَجْلِسُ عَلَيْهِ وَإِنَّا لَجُلُوسٌ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ إِذْ أَقْبَلَ رَجُلٌ أَحْسَنُ النَّاسِ وَجْهًا وَأَطْيَبُ النَّاسِ رِيحًا كَأَنَّ ثِيَابَهُ لَمْ يَمَسَّهَا دَنَسٌ حَتَّى سَلَّمَ فِي طَرَفِ الْبِسَاطِ فَقَالَ السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمَ قَالَ أَدْنُو يَا مُحَمَّدُ قَالَ ادْنُهْ فَمَا زَالَ يَقُولُ أَدْنُو مِرَارًا وَيَقُولُ لَهُ ادْنُ حَتَّى وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَىْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ إِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعْنَا قَوْلَ الرَّجُلِ صَدَقْتَ أَنْكَرْنَاهُ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ الإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَتُؤْمِنُ بِالْقَدَرِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي مَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ فَنَكَسَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ أَعَادَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ أَعَادَ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ شَيْئًا وَرَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ لَهَا عَلاَمَاتٌ تُعْرَفُ بِهَا إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الرِّعَاءَ الْبُهُمَ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ وَرَأَيْتَ الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ مُلُوكَ الأَرْضِ وَرَأَيْتَ الْمَرْأَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّهَا خَمْسٌ لاَ يَعْلَمُهَا إِلاَّ اللَّهُ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ } إِلَى قَوْلِهِ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ } ثُمَّ قَالَ لاَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّدًا بِالْحَقِّ هُدًى وَبَشِيرًا مَا كُنْتُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِهِ مِنْ رَجُلٍ مِنْكُمْ وَإِنَّهُ لَجِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ نَزَلَ فِي صُورَةِ دِحْيَةَ الْكَلْبِيِّ

"We were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ when a man came to him whose clothes were intensely white and whose hair was intensely black; no signs of travel could be seen upon him, and none of us recognized him. He sat down facing the Prophet ﷺ, with his knees touching his, and he put his hands on his thighs, and said: 'O Muhammad, what is Islam?' He said: 'To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and that I am the Messenger of Allah, to establish regular prayer, to pay Zakat, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj to the House (the Ka'bah).' He said: 'You have spoken the truth.' We were amazed by him: He asked a question, then told him that he had spoken the truth. Then he said: 'O Muhammad, what is Iman faith? He said: 'To believe in Allah, His angels, His Messengers, His books, the Last day, and the Divine Decree (Qadar), both the good of it and the bad of it.' He said' You have spoken the truth.' We were amazed by him. He asked a question, then told him that he had spoken the truth. Then he said: 'O Muhammad, what is Ihsan (right action, goodness, sincerity)? He said: 'To worship Allah as if you see Him, for even though you do not see Him, He sees you.' He asked: "When will the Hour be?' He said: 'The one who is being asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.' He asked: 'Then what are its signs?' he said: 'When the slave woman gives birth to her mistress' (Waki' said: This means when non-Arabs will give birth to Arabs") 'and when you see barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings.' The Prophet ﷺ met me three days later and asked me: 'Do you know who that man was? I said" 'Allah and his Messenger know best.' He said: 'That was Jibril, who came to you to teach you your religion.'"

كُنَّا جُلُوسًا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ شَعَرِ الرَّأْسِ لاَ يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلاَ يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ قَالَ فَجَلَسَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَهُ إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ وَوَضَعَ يَدَيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلاَةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَعَجِبْنَا مِنْهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَعَجِبْنَا مِنْهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لاَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَمَا أَمَارَتُهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا قَالَ وَكِيعٌ يَعْنِي تَلِدُ الْعَجَمُ الْعَرَبَ وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ فَلَقِيَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَعْدَ ثَلاَثٍ فَقَالَ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ الرَّجُلُ قُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَعَالِمَ دِينِكُمْ

We met 'Abdullah bin 'Umar and discussed the divine decree (al qadar) and what others said concerning it. He said: When you go back to them, say; Ibn ‘Umar has nothing to do with you and you have nothing to do with him - three times. Then he said: ‘Umar bin al Khattab ؓ ­­ told me that whilst they were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ ­, a man came to him walking, with a handsome face and hair, wearing white clothes. The people looked at one another (as if to say): We do not know this man and he does not look like a traveller. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , shall I come to you? He said: ʿYes.ʿ So he came and put his knees against his knees and his hands on his thighs and said: What is Islam? He said: ʿTo testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , to establish regular prayer, to give zakah, to fast Ramadan and to go on pilgrimage to the House.ʿ He said: What is faith (eeman)? He said: “To believe in Allah, His angels, Paradise and Hell, resurrection after death and the divine decree, all of it.” He said: What is ihsan? He said: ʿTo strive for the sake of Allah as if you see Him, and even though you do not see Him, He sees you.ʿ He said: When will the Hour come? He said: ʿThe one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.” He said: What are its portents? He said: ʿWhen the destitute, barefoot, naked shepherds compete in constructing lofty buildings, and the slave women give birth to their masters.” Then he said: ʿCall the man to me.” They looked for him but they saw no trace of him. Two or three days passed, then he said: “O Ibn al­ Khattab, do you know who that was who asked about such and such?” He said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He said: ʿThat was Jibreel who came to teach you your religion.ʿ A man from Juhainah or Muzainah asked him: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , what are we striving for? Is it something that is already decided or is it something that is evolving right now? He said:ʿFor some-­thing that is already decided.ʿ The man or one of the people said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , then why should we strive? He said: “The people of Paradise will be enabled to do the deeds of the people of Paradise and the people of Hell will be enabled to do the deeds of the people of Hell.ʿ Yahya said: And that is how it is.

أَخْبَرَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُمْ بَيْنمَا هُمْ جُلُوسٌ أَوْ قُعُودٌ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ حَسَنُ الشَّعْرِ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابُ بَيَاضٍ فَنَظَرَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ مَا نَعْرِفُ هَذَا وَمَا هَذَا بِصَاحِبِ سَفَرٍثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ آتِيكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَجَاءَ فَوَضَعَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ عِنْدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَيَدَيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ لِلَّهِ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَمَا أَشْرَاطُهَا؟ قَالَ إِذَا الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ الْعَالَةُ رِعَاءُ الشَّاءِ تَطَاوَلُوا فِي الْبُنْيَانِ وَوَلَدَتِ الْإِمَاءُ أَرْبَابَهُنَّ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيَّ الرَّجُلَ فَطَلَبُوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَمَكَثَ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ عَنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ قَالَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ قَالَ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ أَوْ من مُزَيْنَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَ نَعْمَلُ أَفِي شَيْءٍ قَدْ خَلا أَوْ مَضَى أَوْ فِي شَيْءٍ يُسْتَأْنَفُ الْآنَ؟ قَالَ فِي شَيْءٍ قَدْ خَلا أَوْ مَضَى فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَوْ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَ نَعْمَلُ؟ قَالَ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ يُيَسَّرُونَ لِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَهْلُ النَّارِ يُيَسَّرُونَ لِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ قَالَ يَحْيَى قَالَ هُوَ كَذَا

ʼUmar bin al-Khattab ؓ told me: Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day, a man came to us whose garment was exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black, and we did not see any signs of travel on him, and none of us knew who he was. He came and sat before the Prophet ﷺ, resting his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs. He said: O Muhammad, tell me about Islam: what is Islam? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ʿIslam means to bear witness that there is no god except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, to establish regular prayer, to pay zakali, to fast Ramadan and to perform pilgrimage to the House (the Kaʿbah), if you have the means.ʿ He said: You have spoken the truth. He (‘Umar) said: It amazed us, how he questioned him and said that he had spoken the truth. He said: Tell me about faith (Eeman). He said: ʿFaith is to believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in al-qadar (the divine will and decree), both good and bad.ʿ He said: You have spoken the truth. He said: Tell me about ihsan: what is ilisan? - Yazeed said: - ʿIt is to worship Allah as if you can see Him, for although you cannot see Ilim, He sees you.ʿ He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: “The one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.” He said: Then tell me about its signs. Ise said: ʿWhen the slave woman gives birth to her mistress, and when you see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in the construction of lofty buildings.” He [Umar] said: Then he went away. He sumar waited for a while - Yazeed said: three (days). Then he (the Prophet ﷺ said to me: ʿOʿUmar, do you know who that questioner was?ʿ I said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He said: “That was Jibreel, who came to you to teach you your religion.ʿ Ibn ‘Umar said. ʿUmar ؓ told us: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he mentioned the same hadeeth, except that he said: No signs of travel were to be seen on him. And he- said: ʿUmar said: 1 waited for three (days), then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “oʻUmar...”

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ لَا يُرَى قَالَ يَزِيدُ لَا نَرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرَ السَّفَرِ وَلا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلامِ مَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ فَقَالَ الْإِسْلامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُقَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَقَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ يَزِيدُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ قَالَ فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا قَالَ يَزِيدُ ثَلاثًا فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُأَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ

l said to Ibn ʿUmar. We travel to different countries and we meet people who say there is no qadar (divine decree), Ibn ʿUmar said: If you meet them, tell them that ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar has nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with him-three times. Then he started narrating Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , there came a man... and he described his appearance, The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Come closer, so he came closer. He said: Come closer, so he came closer. He said: Come closer, so he came closer, until his knees were nearly touching [the Prophet ﷺʿs] knees. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, tell me what is faith [or about faith]. He said: “To believe in Allah. His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in al-qadar.ʿ - Sufyan said: I think he said: ʿ... both good and bad.ʿ He said: What is Islam? He said: “To establish prayer, pay zakah, perform pilgrimage to the House, to fast Ramadan and to do ghusl in the case of janabah.ʿ For all of that, he [the stranger] said: You are right, you are right. The people said: We never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than this man did. It was as if he was teaching the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then he said: O Messenger of Allah, tell me about ihsan.He said: “It is to worship Allah as if you see Him, for even if you do not see Him. He sees you.ʿ For all of that we said: We never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than this man did, he said: You are right, you are right. He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: “The one who is asked about it does not know more about it than one who is asking.ʿ He said: You are right. He said it several times, and we never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than this man did. Then he left. Sufyan said: I heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Look for him,” but they did not find him. IIe said: ʿThat was Jihree who came to you to teach you your religion. He never came to me in any form but I recognised him, except for this form.” It was narrated that Ibn Ya’mar said: I asked Ibn ʿUmar-or a man asked him: We travel in this land and we meet people who say, There is no qadar (divine decree), Ibn ʿUmar said: If you meet those people, tell them that ‘Abdullah bin ʿUmar has nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with him - he said it three times. Then he told us. Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a man came and said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, may I draw closer? He said: ʿCome closer.ʿ So he came a little closer, then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, may I come closer? He said: ʿCome closer.” So he came a little closer, then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, may I come closer? He said: ʿCome closer.” So he came a little closer until his knees were almost touching the knees of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, what is faith? - and he mentioned a similar report.

أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنْهُ بُرَآءُ ثَلاثًا ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺفَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَذَكَرَ مِنْ هَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا حَتَّى كَادَ رُكْبَتَاهُ تَمَسَّانِ رُكْبَتَيْهِفَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ أَوْ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنُ بِالْقَدَرِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أُرَاهُ قَالَ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ قَالَ إِقَامُ الصَّلاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَغُسْلٌ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ الْقَوْمُ مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا كَأَنَّهُ يُعَلِّمُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ أَوْ تَعْبُدَهُ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ نَقُولُ مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا فَيَقُولُ صَدَقْتَ صَدَقْتَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِرَارًا مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا ثُمَّ وَلَّىقَالَ سُفْيَانُ فَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْتَمِسُوهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ قَالَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ مَا أَتَانِي فِي صُورَةٍ إِلَّا عَرَفْتُهُ غَيْرَ هَذِهِ الصُّورَةِ

[Machine] "Indeed, the matter is in their hands. If they want, they can do it, and if they want, they may not do it. So, tell them that I am innocent of them, and they are innocent of me." Then Jibril ﷺ came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Muhammad, what is Islam?" He replied, "To worship Allah alone, without associating anything with Him, to establish the prayer, to give the obligatory charity, to fast during Ramadan, and to perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (Kaaba)." Jibril said, "If you do that, then you are a Muslim." The Prophet ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth." Jibril asked, "What is Ihsan (excellence or perfection)?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, know that He sees you." Jibril said, "If you do that, then you are a Muhsin (a person of excellence)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth." Jibril asked, "What is Iman (faith)?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Resurrection, and to believe in predestination, the good of it and the bad of it." Jibril said, "If you do that, then you are a Mu'min (a believer)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth."

أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا عَمِلُوا وَإِنْ شَاءُوا لَمْ يَعْمَلُوا فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنِّي بُرَآءُ ثُمَّ قَالَ جَاءَ جِبْرِيلُ ﷺ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ فَقَالَ تَعْبُدُ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ تَخْشَى اللهَ تَعَالَى كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَا تَكُ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُحْسِنٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْبَعْثِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ

One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appeared before the public so a man came to him and then said: Prophet of Allah, what is Iman? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm your faith in the Resurrection hereafter. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Islam? He replied: Al-Islam is that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him and you establish obligatory prayer and you pay the obligatory alms (Zakat) and you observe the fast of Ramadan. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Ihsan? He replied: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and for if you fail to see Him. He said: Messenger of Allah, when is the Hour (of Doom)? He replied: The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer, however I will narrate some of its signs to you. When the slave-girl will give birth to her master, then that is from its signs. When the naked, barefooted would become the chiefs of the people, then that is from its signs. When the shepherds of the black (camels) would exult themselves in buildings, then that is from its signs. (The Hour is) Among one of the five which no one knows but Allah. Then he recited (the verse): "Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs. And no soul knows what it shall earn tomorrow, and a soul knows not in what land it shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware." He (Abu Huraira) said: Then the person turned back and went away. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Bring that man back to me. They went to bring him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this the Messenger of Allah remarked: he was Gabriel, who came to teach the people their religion. (Using translation from Muslim 8e)

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الْآخِرِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ سَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رِعَاءُ الْبَهْمِ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ تَلَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} [لقمان 34] ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ رُدُّوا عَلَيَّ الرَّجُلَ فَأَخَذُوا لِيَرُدُّوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ

[Machine] Narrated by 'Amir or Abu 'Amir, Abu Malik, that the Prophet ﷺ was sitting in a gathering with his companions when Jibril came to him in a form other than his usual shape and saluted him. The Prophet ﷺ returned the greeting and then Jibril placed his hand on the Prophet's knee and said, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?" He replied, "To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayer, to give the Zakat, to perform Hajj, and to fast in Ramadan." Jibril then asked him, "You have spoken the truth, so what is Iman (faith)?" He replied, "To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in predestination and that every good and bad is from Allah." Jibril asked again, "You have spoken the truth, so what is Ihsan (perfection)?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion, then be aware that He sees you." Jibril continued to ask the Prophet ﷺ about the signs of the Day of Judgment until he asked, "When will the Hour be?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "The one being asked does not know more than the one asking. But I will inform you of its signs. When you see barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in the construction of tall buildings, that will be one of its signs. And when you see the hunched-backed, barefoot uncivilized Bedouins competing in building great structures, that will be one of its signs." Then he (Jibril) left. The Prophet ﷺ kept silent for a while and then said, "O Abu Huraira, did you mark or memorize everything?" I said, "O Messenger of Allah, even I cannot memorize all this." Then Allah's Messenger ﷺ passed his hand over my chest and I felt its coolness in my chest, and I knew all that he had said.

عَنْ عَامِرٍ أَوْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ أَبِي مَالِكٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسٍ فِيهِ أَصْحَابُهُ جَاءَهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي غَيْرِ صُورَتِهِ يَحْسِبُهُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ جِبْرِيلُ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُسْلِمَ وَجْهَكَ لِلَّهِ وَتَشْهَدَ أَنْلَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَالْمَوْتِ وَالْحَيَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَهُوَ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَيَسْمَعُ رَجْعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا يَرَى الَّذِي يُكَلِّمُهُ وَلَا يَسْمَعُ كَلَامَهُ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ خَمْسٌ مِنَ الْغَيْبِ لَا يَعْلَمُهَا إِلَّا اللهُ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} [لقمان 34] قَالَ السَّائِلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ بِعَلَامَتَيْنِ تَكُونَانِ قَبْلَهَا فَقَالَ حَدِّثْنِي فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْأَمَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّهَا وَيَطُولُ أَهْلُ الْبُنْيَانِ بِالْبُنْيَانِ وَكَانَ الْعَالَةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ قَالَ وَمَنْ أُولَئِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ الْعَرِيبُ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَلَّى فَلَمْ يُرَ طَرِيقُهُ بَعْدُ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ ثَلَاثًا جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا جَاءَ لِي قَطُّ إِلَّا وَأَنَا أَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ هَذِهِ الْمَرَّةُ

[Machine] On the authority of 'Amir, Abu 'Amir, or Abu Malik, that the Prophet ﷺ was sitting in a gathering with his companions when Gabriel came to him in a different form, appearing as a man from the Muslims. Gabriel greeted him and the Prophet ﷺ returned the greeting. Then Gabriel placed his hand on the Prophet's knee and asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to submit your face to Allah, to bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and messenger, to establish the prayer, give the obligatory charity (zakat)." Gabriel asked again, "So if I do this, have I become a Muslim?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." Then Gabriel asked, "What is faith?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to believe in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Divine Books, the prophets, life after death, heaven, hell, and fate, both its good and bad." Gabriel asked again, "So if I do this, have I believed?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." Then Gabriel asked, "What is excellence (ihsan), O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, then truly He sees you." Gabriel asked again, "So if I do this, have I excelled?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." And we heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ return to him, but we could not see the one speaking to him, nor could we hear his words. The questioner asked, "O Messenger of Allah, when is the Hour?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Glory be to Allah, it has five signs which only Allah knows: Allah possesses knowledge of the Hour, He sends down rain, He knows what is in the wombs, no soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in which land it will die. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted." (Surah Luqman, 34) The questioner then said, "O Messenger of Allah, if you wish, I can inform you of two signs that will precede it." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Inform me." The questioner said, "When you see a slave woman giving birth to her mistress, and when you see the barefooted, naked, impoverished shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings." The questioner asked, "And who are they, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "The Bedouins." Then he turned away, and when we did not see him on his way back, we said, "Glory be to Allah! This is Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion. The hand of Muhammad is in the hand of Gabriel, every time he came to him, I had not received any message except that I already knew it, except for this time."

عَنْ عَامِرٍ أَوْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ أَوْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسٍ فِيهِ أَصْحَابُهُ جَاءَهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي غَيْرِ صُورَتِهِ يَحْسِبُهُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ جِبْرِيلُ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ فَقَالَ أَنْ تُسْلِمَ وَجْهَكَ لِلَّهِ وَأَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَالْمَوْتِ وَالْحَيَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَنَسْمَعُ رَجْعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا يُرَى الَّذِي يُكَلِّمُهُ وَلَا يُسْمَعُ كَلَامُهُ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ خَمْسٌ مِنَ الْغَيْبِ لَا يَعْلَمُهَا إِلَّا اللهُ ﷻ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} [لقمان 34] فَقَالَ السَّائِلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ بِعَلَامَتَيْنِ تَكُونَانِ قَبْلَهَا؟ فَقَالَ حَدِّثْنِي فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْأَمَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّهَا وَيَطُولُ أَهْلُ الْبُنْيَانِبِالْبُنْيَانِ وَعَادَ الْعَالَةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ قَالَ وَمَنْ أُولَئِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ الْعَرِيبُ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَلَّى فَلَمَّا لَمْ نَرَ طَرِيقَهُ بَعْدُ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ ثَلَاثًا هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا جَاءَنِي قَطُّ إِلَّا وَأَنَا أَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذِهِ الْمَرَّةُ

[Machine] "So I approached her and she was praying the Duha prayer, so I said, 'I will sit until she finishes.' They said, 'No, it's okay,' but I asked her how I should seek permission from her. She said, 'Say, "Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon the righteous servants of Allah. Peace be upon the mothers of the believers or the wives of the Prophet ﷺ. Peace be upon you all." He said, 'So I entered upon her and asked her. She said, 'It is the home of a bachelor, indeed. The people of the household are indeed good people.' I asked her about al-Wisal (remaining in the mosque from Fajr prayer until Ishraq prayer). She said, 'When the Battle of Uhud happened, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his Companions performed prayers separately. When they saw the crescent moon, they informed the Prophet ﷺ. He said, 'If it had increased, I would have indeed increased. He was asked, 'Do you do that or something similar?' He said, 'I am not like you. I spend the night in a state that my Lord feeds me and gives me drink.' I asked her about the two Rak'ahs after 'Asr prayer. She said, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a man to collect Sadaqah. He came to him at midday. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ offered the Dhuhr prayer and prayed those two Rak'ahs. Then he offered the 'Asr prayer and prayed those two Rak'ahs. She said, 'Upon you is to pray the night prayer, for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ never neglected it. Even if he was sick, he would recite while sitting.' And I knew that some of you say, 'It is enough for me to establish what has been written for me, how can I have that and then ask her about the day in which there is difference regarding Ramadan?' She said, 'Because fasting a day in Sha'ban is more beloved to me than fasting a day in Ramadan.' He said, 'So I went out and asked Ibn 'Umar and Abu Hurairah, and each of them said, 'The wives of the Prophet ﷺ know more about that than us.'

فَأَتَيْتُهَا فَإِذَا هِيَ تُصَلِّي الضُّحَى فَقُلْتُ أَقْعُدُ حَتَّى تَفْرُغَ فَقَالُوا هَيْهَاتَ فَقُلْتُ لِآذِنِهَا كَيْفَ أَسْتَأْذِنُ عَلَيْهَا؟ فَقَالَ قُلْ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ السَّلَامُ عَلَى أُمَّهَاتِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ أَوْ أَزْوَاجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ قَالَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهَا فَسَأَلْتُهَا فَقَالَتْ أَخُو عَازِبٍ نِعْمَ أَهْلُ الْبَيْتِ فَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنِ الْوِصَالِ؟ فَقَالَتْ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ وَاصَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ فَشَقَّ عَلَيْهِمْ فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا الْهِلَالَ أَخْبَرُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَوْ زَادَ لَزِدْتُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّكَ تَفْعَلُ ذَاكَ أَوْ شَيْئًا نَحْوَهُ قَالَ إِنِّي لَسْتُ مِثْلَكُمْ إِنِّي أَبِيتُ يُطْعِمُنِي رَبِّي وَيَسْقِينِي وَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنِ الرَّكْعَتَيْنِ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ؟ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ رَجُلًا عَلَى الصَّدَقَةِ قَالَتْ فَجَاءَتْهُ عِنْدَ الظُّهْرِ فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الظُّهْرَ وَشُغِلَ فِي قِسْمَتِهِ حَتَّى صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ ثُمَّ صَلَّاهَا وَقَالَتْ عَلَيْكُمْ بِقِيَامِ اللَّيْلِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ لَا يَدَعُهُ فَإِنْ مَرِضَ قَرَأَ وَهُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَقَدْ عَرَفْتُ أَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ يَقُولُ بِحَسْبِي أَنْ أُقِيمَ مَا كُتِبَ لِي وَأَنَّى لَهُ ذَلِكَوَسَأَلْتُهَا عَنِ الْيَوْمِالَّذِي يُخْتَلَفُ فِيهِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ؟ فَقَالَتْ لَأَنْ أَصُومَ يَوْمًا مِنْ شَعْبَانَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ يَوْمًا مِنْ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ فَخَرَجْتُ فَسَأَلْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ وَأَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا قَالَ أَزْوَاجُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَعْلَمُ بِذَاكَ مِنَّا

[Machine] “He entrusted me with the speech, so we said, ‘O Abu Abdur-Rahman, some people have appeared among us who recite the Quran excessively and seek knowledge excessively. They claim that there is no predestination and that everything is a result of mere chance.’ He said, ‘If you meet them, inform them that I disassociate myself from them and they disassociate themselves from me.’ Ibn Umar swore an oath that if any of them were to spend gold equal to Uhud, it would not be accepted from him unless he believed in predestination. Then he said, ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab narrated to us that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting when a man with extremely black hair and exceedingly white clothes came to him and placed his foot on the Prophet’s foot and said, ‘O Muhammad, what is Islam?’ He said, ‘To testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, to establish prayer, to give Zakah, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj if one is able.’ He said, ‘You have spoken the truth.’ We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, ‘Inform me about Iman.’ He said, ‘To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Resurrection, and in destiny, both its good and its evil.’ He said, ‘You have spoken the truth.’ We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, ‘Inform me about Ihsan.’ He said, ‘To worship Allah as if you see Him, for even though you do not see Him, He sees you.’ He said, ‘Inform me about the Hour.’ He said, ‘The one questioned about it knows no more than the questioner.’ He said, ‘Then tell me about its signs.’ He said, ‘The slave girl will give birth to her master, and you will see the barefooted, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings.’ Then he went away. So I stayed there for a long time, and then he said, ‘O Umar, do you know who that questioner was?’ I said, ‘Allah and His Messenger know best.’ He said, ‘That was Jibril (Gabriel). He came to teach you your religion.’”

Translation: He entrusts me with speech, so we said, "O Abu Abdur-Rahman, some people have appeared among us who excessively recite the Quran and seek knowledge. They claim that there is no predestination and that everything is a result of mere chance." He said, "If you meet them, inform them that I disassociate myself from them and they disassociate themselves from me." Ibn Umar swore an oath that if any of them were to spend gold equal to Uhud, it would not be accepted from him unless he believed in predestination. Then he said, "Umar ibn Al-Khattab narrated to us that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting when a man with extremely black hair and exceedingly white clothes came to him and placed his foot on the Prophet's foot and said, 'O Muhammad, what is Islam?' He said, 'To testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, to establish prayer, to give Zakah, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj if one is able.' He said, 'You have spoken the truth.' We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, 'Inform me about Iman.' He said, 'To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Resurrection, and in destiny, both its good and its evil.' He said, 'You have spoken the truth.' We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, 'Inform me about Ihsan.' He said, 'To worship Allah as if you see Him, for even though you do not see Him, He sees you.' He said, 'Inform me about the Hour.' He said, 'The one questioned about it knows no more than the questioner.' He said, 'Then tell me about its signs.' He said, 'The slave girl will give birth to her master, and you will see the barefooted, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings.' Then he went away. So I stayed there for a long time, and then he said, 'O Umar, do you know who that questioner was?' I said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, 'That was Jibril (Gabriel). He came to teach you your religion.'"

أَنَّهُ يَكِلُ الْكَلَامَ إِلَيَّ فَقُلْنَا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَدْ ظَهَرَ عِنْدَنَا أُنَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ يَتَقَفَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ تَقَفُّرًا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ وَأَنَّ الْأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَقِيتَهُمْ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنِّي مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَهُمْ مِنِّي بُرَآءُ وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ أَنْفَقَ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا ثُمَّ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِالْقَدَرِ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِسًا إِذْ جَاءَ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ اللِّحْيَةِ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ فَوَضَعَ رُكْبَتَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ «شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَعَجِبْنَا مِنْ سُؤَالِهِ إِيَّاهُ وَتَصْدِيقِهِ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ رُسُلِهِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ حُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا مِنْ سُؤَالِهِ إِيَّاهُ وَتَصْدِيقِهِ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ» قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ «مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ» قَالَ فَمَا أَمَارَتُهَا؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ» قَالَ فَتَوَلَّى وَذَهَبَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَقِيَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَعْدَ ثَالِثَةٍ فَقَالَ «يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ الرَّجُلُ؟ » قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ «ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ»

[Machine] I said, "O Abu Abdullah al-Rahman, referring to Ibn Umar, there are people who claim that there is no fate (predestination). He said: Do we have anyone among us like them? I said, No. He said: Then convey to them from me that when you meet them, indeed Ibn Umar disassociates himself from you and you disassociate yourselves from him." Umar ibn al-Khattab narrated to us that while we were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , a man came who had no signs of travel nor was he from the people of the city. He came and sat in front of the Messenger of Allah. He said, "O Muhammad, what is Islam? He said, "Islam is that you bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and you establish prayer, give zakah, perform Hajj, perform Umrah, cleanse yourself from major impurity, complete ablution, and fast during Ramadan." He said, "If I do all of that, would I be a Muslim?" He said, "Yes." He said, "You have spoken the truth." He asked, "O Muhammad, what is faith (imaan)?" He said, "Faith is that you believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and you believe in the Day of Judgment, and you believe in fate, its good and its evil." He said, "If I do all of that, would I be a believer (mu'min)?" He said, "Yes." He said, "You have spoken the truth." He asked, "O Muhammad, what is excellence (ihsan)?" He said, "Excellence is that you worship Allah as if you see Him, and even though you do not see Him, He sees you." He asked, "If I do that, would I be excellent (muhsin)?" He said, "Yes." He said, "You have spoken the truth." He asked, "O Muhammad, when is the Hour (Day of Judgment)?" He said, "Glory be to Allah, the one who is asked about it knows no more than the questioner, but if you wish, I will inform you about its signs." He said, "Yes." He said, "When you see barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings and when you see women giving birth to their mistresses, that is among the signs of the Hour." He said, "You have spoken the truth." Then the man left, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "O Umar, do you know who this man was?" We said, "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said, "This was Gabriel who came to teach you your religion."

قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِي لِابْنِ عُمَرَ إِنَّ أَقْوَامًا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَيْسَ قَدَرٌ قَالَ هَلْ عِنْدَنَا مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ فَأَبْلِغْهُمْ عَنِّي إِذَا لَقِيتَهُمْ إِنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ يَبْرَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ بُرَآءُ مِنْهُ حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ 

قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ جُلُوسٌ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي أُنَاسٍ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ سَحْنَاءُ سَفَرٍ وَلَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَلَدِ يَتَخَطَّى حَتَّى وَرَكَ فَجَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ 

فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ «الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَأَنْ تُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُجَّ وَتَعْتَمِرَ وَتَغْتَسِلَ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ وَأَنْ تُتِمَّ الْوُضُوءَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ 

قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ 

قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ «الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ لِلَّهِ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ هَذَا فَأَنَا مُحْسِنٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ 

قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ «سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ إِنْ شِئْتَ نَبَّأْتُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا» قَالَ أَجَلْ قَالَ «إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْعَالَةَ الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ وَكَانُوا مُلُوكًا» قَالَ مَا الْعَالَةُ الْحُفَاةُ الْعُرَاةُ؟ قَالَ «الْعُرَيْبُ» قَالَ «وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْأَمَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّتَهَا فَذَلِكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِ السَّاعَةِ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ 

ثُمَّ نَهَضَ فَوَلَّى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ» فَطَلَبْنَاهُ كُلَّ مَطْلَبٍ فَلَمْ نَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَنْ هَذَا؟ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ لَيُعَلِّمَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ خُذُوا عَنْهُ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا شُبِّهَ عَلَيَّ مُنْذُ أَتَانِي قَبْلَ مَرَّتِي هَذِهِ وَمَا عَرَفْتُهُ حَتَّى وَلَّى»

[Machine] O Abu Abdur-Rahman, indeed we are traveling and we meet people who say there is no predestination. So, if you meet them, inform them that Ibn Umar is innocent from them. We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when a man came to him, handsome in appearance, with a pleasant fragrance and clean clothes. He greeted the Prophet ﷺ and asked, "Can I come close to you?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Approach." So, he came closer until his knees touched the knees of the Prophet ﷺ . Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam? "The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to testify that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, to give zakat, to perform Hajj pilgrimage to the House of Allah, fasting in the month of Ramadan, and to perform ablution from impurity." The man asked, "If I do that, am I a Muslim?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." The man asked again, "Tell me about faith (Iman)." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and destiny, both its good and bad aspects." The man asked, "If I do that, am I a believer?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." The man then asked, "Tell me about excellence (Ihsan)." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, then know that He sees you." The man asked, "If I do that, am I a person of excellence?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." We said, "We have never seen anyone more virtuous in appearance, with a better fragrance, and showing more respect to the Prophet ﷺ than this man. When the man left, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Do you know who this man was?" We replied, "Allah and His Messenger know best." The Prophet ﷺ said, "This was Gabriel ﷺ . He came to teach you your religion."

يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّا نُسَافِرُ فَنَلْقَى أَقْوَامًا يَقُولُونُ لَا قَدَرَ قَالَ فَإِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ نَقِيُّ الثَّوْبِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْنُو مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ «ادْنُهْ» فَدَنَا دَنْوَةً قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِرَارًا حَتَّى اصْطَكَّتَا رُكْبَتَاهُ رُكْبَتَيِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ «شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ وَالْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ «الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْقِيَامَةِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ وَحُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ مِنَ اللهِ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ «تَعْبُدُ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُحْسِنٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قُلْنَا مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَحْسَنَ وَجْهًا وَلَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحًا وَأَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَوْلُهُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ صَدَقْتَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ فَقُمْنَا وَقُمْتُ أَنَا عَلَى طَرِيقٍ مِنْ طُرُقِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمْ نَرَ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَنْ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَنَاسِكَ دِينِكُمْ مَا أَتَانِي فِي صُورَةٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا هَذِهِ الصُّورَةَ»

[Machine] While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , a man came forward with a pleasant face, good features, and a pleasant fragrance. We were amazed by his good looks, features, and fragrance, so he greeted the Prophet ﷺ and then stood up and asked, "Can I come closer, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Yes." So he came closer, then stood up and asked again, "Can I come closer, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Yes." He came even closer until his thigh was next to the thigh of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his leg was next to his leg. Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is faith?" He replied, "To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and destiny, both good and bad." He said, "You have spoken the truth." We were amazed by his statement that he spoke the truth to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?" He replied, "To testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, give Zakat, fast in Ramadan, perform Hajj, and to cleanse oneself from impurity." He said, "You have spoken the truth." We were amazed by his affirmation of the Messenger of Allah's statement. Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Ihsan?" He replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion, then know that He sees you." He said, "You have spoken the truth." We were amazed by his affirmation of the Messenger of Allah's statement. Then he turned back and left. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Go after the man." We searched for him but couldn't find him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, "This was Gabriel who came to teach you your religion, that whenever he came to me before, I recognized him except in this form."

بَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ حَسَنُ الشَّارَةِ طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لِحُسْنِ وَجْهِهِ وَشَارَتِهِ وَطِيبِ رِيحِهِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ أَأَدْنُو يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ فَدَنَا ثُمَّ قَامَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لِتَوْقِيرِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَأَدْنُو يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَدَنَا حَتَّى وَضَعَ فَخِذَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَرِجْلَهُ عَلَى رِجْلِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْبَعْثِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ وَحُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا لِقَوْلِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَدَقْتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ تَشْهَدُ أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَغْتَسِلَ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا لِتَصْدِيقِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ تَخْشَى اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا لِتَصْدِيقِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ انْكَفَأَ رَاجِعًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ» فَطَلَبْنَاهُ فَلَمْ نَجِدْهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَكُمْ أَمْرَ دِينِكُمْ وَمَا أَتَانِي قَطُّ إِلَّا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا فِي صُورَتِهِ هَذِهِ»

اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَدْنُو مِنْكَ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَدَنَا حَتَّى وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ قَالَ تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَخْشَى اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَصَدَّقَهُ وَوَلَّى الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ عَلَيَّ بِهِ فَنُظِرَ فَلَمْ يُوجَدْ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ جَاءَ لَيُعَلِّمَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ

يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَةِ النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم فَقَالَ مَا الإِسْلامُ قَالَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لا إِلَهَ إلاَّ اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا مِنْ سُؤَالِهِ إِيَّاهُ وَتَصْدِيقِهِ إِيَّاهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ رَسُول اللهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم تَخْشَى اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ الإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ والذي نفسي بيده ما المسؤُول عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلكن لَهَا أَشْرَاطٌ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْمَرْأَةَ وَلَدَتْ رَبَّتَهَا وَرَأَيْتَ الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ يَعْنِي الْعَرَبَ وَلَوُا النَّاسَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ ثُمَّ وَلَّى فَقَالَ النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ فَنَظَرَ فَلَمْ يَرَ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ النَّبِيّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم تَدْرُونَ مَنْ هَذَا قُلْنَا اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ مَا جَاءَ فِي صُورَةٍ قَطُّ إلاَّ عَرَفْتُهُ غَيْرَ هذه المرةأخر الجزء الثامن والثلاثين والحمد لله حق حمدهوصلى الله على مُحَمد نبيه

صَلَّى الله عَلَيه وَسَلَّم وَسَلَّمَ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى الله عَلَيه وَسَلَّم فقال يامحمد مَا الإِسْلامُ قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنَّ لا إِلَهَ إلاَّ اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَصَوْمُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلا قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم انْظُرُوا هُوَ يَسْأَلُهُ وهُو يُصَدِّقُهُ كَأَنَّهُ أَعْلَمُ مِنْهُ ولاَ يعرفون الرجل ثم قال يامحمد مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ الإِيمَانُ بِاللَّهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ والملائكة والكتاب والنبين وَبِالْمَوْتِ وَبِالْبَعْثِ وَبِالْحِسَابِ وَبِالْجَنَّةِ وَبِالنَّارِ وَبِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ قَالَ نعم قال صدقت قال يامحمد مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَخْشَى اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَرَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُحْسِنٌ قَالَ نَعَمْ قال صدقت قال يامحمد متى الساعة قال ما المسؤُول عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَأَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ فَذَهَبَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم لأَصْحَابِهِ عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ فَاتَّبَعُوهُ يَطْلُبُونَهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَعَادُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم فقالوا يارسول اللَّهِ اتَّبَعْنَا الرَّجُلَ فَطَلَبْنَاهُ فَمَا رَأَيْنَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيه وَسَلَّم جَاءَكُمْ لِيُعَلِّمَكُمْ دِينَكُمْوَهَذَا الْحَدِيثُ لَا نَعْلَمُهُ يُروَى عَن أَنَس إلاَّ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَالضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ نِبْرَاسٍ قَدْ رَوَى عَنْ ثابتٍ غَيْرَ حَدِيثٍ وَلَيْسَ بِهِ بَأْسٌ غَرِيبٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ

"عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمنِ بْنِ غَنَم، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ أتَاهُ جِبْريلُ في صُورَةٍ لم يَعْرِفْهُ فِيها حَتَّى وَضَعَ يَدْهُ عَلَى رُكبتى رسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ: مَا الإسْلامُ؟ قَالَ الإسْلامُ أَنْ تُسْلِمَ وَجْهَكَ للهِ، وَتَشْهَد أنْ لا إِله إِلا اللهُ، وَأنَّ مُحَمدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ، وتقِيمَ الصَّلاةَ، وَتؤتِىَ الزَّكاة، قَالَ فإِذَا فعَلْتُ ذلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ صَدَقْتَ، قَالَ: فَمَا الإيمَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: الإيمانُ أنْ تُؤمِنَ بِاللهِ واليْومِ الآخِرِ، والملائِكَةِ، والكِتابِ، والنبيين، وَبالموتِ، وَبالحيَاةِ بَعْدَ الموتِ، والحِسَابِ والميزان، والجنَّةِ والنَّارِ، والقَدرِ كُلِّهِ خيره وشَرِّه، قَالَ: فإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقْدَ آمنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَم، قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، قَالَ: فَما الإحْسَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: تَخْشَى الله كأنَّكَ تراهُ، فإنَّكَ إنْ لا تكُ تَرَاهُ فإنَّهُ يَراكَ، قَالَ: فإِذَا فعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أمَنْتُ؟ قَالَ: نَعْم، قَالَ صَدَقْتَ، قَالَ: فما الإحْسَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قال: تَخْشَى اللهَ كأنَّكَ تراهُ، فَإنَّكَ إنْ لا تَكُ تَرَاهُ فإنَّه يَراكَ، قَالَ: فإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذلكَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْت؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: صَدَقْتَ، قَالَ: فما السَّاعةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللهِ خمسٌ مِنْ الغيْب لا يَعْلمُهُن إلا الله ما المسئولُ عنهنَّ بأعلَم بهنَّ من السَّائِلِ، إنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ، وينزلُ الغيْثَ، ويعلمُ ما فِي الأرحَام، وما تدْرى نفْسٌ ماذا تكْسِبُ غدًا، ومَا تَدْرى نَفْسٌ بأىِّ أرْضٍ تموتُ، وإنْ شئتَ أخبرتُك بعلْمِ ما قبلَها، إذا وَلَدتِ الأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا، وتَطَاوَلَ أهل الشاء ()، وَرأيْتَ الحُفَاةَ العراة ( *) عَلَى رِقابِ النَّاس قَالَ: وَمنَ هُم يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ ، قَالَ: غريب ثم وَلَّى الرَّجُلُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ : أيْن السائِلُ؟ قَالَوا: مَا رأينَا طَرِيْقَهُ مُذْ بَدَا، قَالَ ذَاكُمْ جِبْريلُ يعَلمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ، وَمَا جَاءَنِى قطُّ إلا عَرَفْتُهُ إلا اليوم".

"عَن أَبِى مُوسَى قَالَ: أتَى رَسُولَ الله ﷺ جِبْريِلُ في صُورَةِ أَعْرَابِىٍّ وَرَسُولُ الله ﷺ يَعْرِفُهُ، قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، مَا الإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ: أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِالله وَالْيَومِ الآخِرِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَالْبعْثِ بَعْدَ المَوْتِ، وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِه وَشَرِّهِ، قَالَ: إِذَا فَعَلتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ؟ قَالَ: نَعَم: قال: صَدَقْتَ، قَالَ: فَمَا الإِسْلَام؟ قَالَ: أنْ تَشْهَد أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا الله وَأن مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ الله وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتُؤْتِى الزَّكَاةَ وَتَحُج البَيْتَ وَتَصُومَ شَهْر رَمَضَانَ، قَالَ: فَإذَا فَعَلتُ ذَلِكَ، فَأَنَا مُسْلِم؟ قَالَ: نَعَم، قَالَ: صَدَقْت، قَالَ: فَمَا الإِحْسَان، قَالَ: تَعْبُدُ الله تَعَالَى كَأنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ لَم تَرَهُ فَهُو يَرَاكَ، قَالَ: صَدَقَتَ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَالتَفَتَ النَّبىُّ ﷺ لطلب الرَّجُلِ، فلَمْ يَقْدِر عَلَيْه، فقَالَ النَّبِى ﷺ هَذَا جبْرِيلُ جَاءَكُم يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُم، وَفِى لَفْظ أَمْر دِينكُم".

"عن يحيى بن يعمر عن ابن عمر قال: حدثني عمر بن الخطاب أنه كان عند رسول الله ﷺ فجاء رجلٌ عليه ثوبان أبيضان، مُقَوَّمٌ حَسَنُ النَّحو والناحية، فقال: أدنو منك يا رسول الله؟ قال: ادن، ثم قال: أدنو منك يا رسول الله؟ قال: ادنُ، فلم يدن حتى كانت ركبته عند ركبةِ رسول الله ﷺ ، ثم قال: أسألك؟ قال: سَلْ، قال: أخبرني عن الإسلام؟ قال: شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله، وأني رسول الله، وإقام الصلاة، وإيتاء الزكاة، وحج البيت، وصوم رمضان، قال: فإذا فعلت ذلك فأنا مسلم؟ قال رسول الله ﷺ : نعم، قال: يا رسول الله: أَخبرني عن الإيمان؟ قال: أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته، وكتبه، ورسله، والبعثِ بعد الموتِ، والجنة والنار، وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره، قال: فإذا فعلت ذلك فأنا مؤمن؟ قال: صدقت، ثم أخبرني ما الإحسان؟ قال: أن تخشى الله كأنكَ تَراه، فإن كنت لا تراه فإنه يراكَ، قال: صدقت، قال: أخبرني عن الساعة؟ قال: ما المسئولُ عنها بأعلم من السائل، هن خمس لا يعلمهن إلا الله: {إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ ... } الآية، فقال الرجل: صدقت".

"عَنْ محاربِ بن دِثَار عن عمرَ قالَ: بينما نحنُ عند رسول الله ﷺ إذا أتاه رجلٌ أبيضُ الثيابِ، طيبُ الريحِ فوضعَ يده على ركبةِ رسول الله ﷺ فقال: يا رسول الله ما الإيمانُ؟ قال: أن تؤمن بالله واليومِ الآخر والملائكةِ والكتابِ والنبيينَ والجنةِ والنارِ، وبالقدر خيرهِ وشرَّه، قال: فإذا فعلت ذلك فأنا مؤمنٌ؟ قال: نعم، قال: صدقت، فعجبنا من قوله لرسول الله ﷺ : صدقت، قال: فما الإسلام؟ قال: تقيمُ الصلاة، وتؤتى الزكاةَ وتحجُّ البيتَ، وتصومُ رمضان، وتغتسل من الجنَابَةِ، قال: فإذا أنا فعلتُ ذلك فأنا مسلمٌ؟ قال: نعم، قال: صدقت: فتعجبنا من قوله لرسول الله ﷺ صدقت، قال: فما الإحسانُ؟ قال: أن تعبد الله كأنك تراه فإن لم تره فإنه يراك، قال: صدقت، قال: فمتى الساعة؟ قال: ما المسئول عنها بأعلم من السائل، قال: صدقت، ثم أدبر، قال رسول الله ﷺ : علىَّ بالرجل، فالتمسوه فلم يقدروا عليه، فقال: هذا جبريل جاءكم ليريَكم دينكم، وما أتانى في صورة قط إلا عرفته قبل مدَّتى هذه".

"عَنْ عُمَرَ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا شَابًّا عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابُ بَيَاضٍ -وَذَلِكَ فِى آخِرِ عُمُرِ رَسُول اللَّهِ ﷺ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: أدْنُو مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ: ادْنُ مِنِّى، فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ قَالَ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ -قَالَهَا مَرَتَّيْنِ- قَالَ: مَا الإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ: تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَريكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتُؤْتِى الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ، قَالَ: فَمَا الإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ: تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّه وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ والْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ، قَالَ: فَمَا الإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ: تَعْبُدُ اللَّه كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ [قَالَ]: فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأنَا مُحْسِنٌ مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: وَحَدَثَّنِى نَبِىُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّ مُوَسى -عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- لَقِى آدَمَ فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ آدَمُ الَّذِى خَلَقَكَ اللَّهُ بِيَدِهِ، وَأَسْجَدَ لَكَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ، وَلَوْلَا الذِى رَكِبْتَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ النَّارَ؟ قَالَ: أَنْتَ مُوسى الَّذِىِ اصْطَفَاكَ اللَّهُ بِرِسَالَتِهِ وَبِكلَامِهِ؛ فَكَيْفَ تَلُومنِى فِى أَمْرٍ قَدْ كَانَ كُتِبَ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُخْلَقَ؟ ! فَتَحَاجَّا؛ فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى".