Once, while I was sitting beside Zaid bin Al-Arqam, he was asked, "How many Ghazwat did the Prophet undertake?" Zaid replied, "Nineteen." They said, "In how many Ghazwat did you join him?" He replied, "Seventeen." I asked, "Which of these was the first?" He replied, "Al-ʿAshira or Al- ʿAshiru."  

عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ كُنْتُ إِلَى جَنْبِ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَرْقَمَ فَقِيلَ لَهُ كَمْ غَزَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ غَزْوَةٍ قَالَ تِسْعَ عَشْرَةَ قِيلَ كَمْ غَزَوْتَ أَنْتَ مَعَهُ قَالَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ قُلْتُ فَأَيُّهُمْ كَانَتْ أَوَّلَ قَالَ الْعُسَيْرَةُ أَوِ الْعُشَيْرُ فَذَكَرْتُ لِقَتَادَةَ فَقَالَ الْعُشَيْرُ  

From Saʿd bin Muʿadh: Saʿd bin Muʿadh was an intimate friend of Umaiya bin Khalaf and whenever Umaiya passed through Medina, he used to stay with Saʿd, and whenever Saʿd went to Mecca, he used to stay with Umaiya. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived at Medina, Saʿd went to perform ʿUmra and stayed at Umaiya's home in Mecca. He said to Umaiya, "Tell me of a time when (the Mosque) is empty so that I may be able to perform Tawaf around the Kaʿba." So Umaiya went with him about midday. Abu Jahl met them and said, "O Abu Safwan! Who is this man accompanying you?" He said, "He is Saʿd." Abu Jahl addressed Saʿd saying, "I see you wandering about safely in Mecca inspite of the fact that you have given shelter to the people who have changed their religion (i.e. became Muslims) and have claimed that you will help them and support them. By Allah, if you were not in the company of Abu Safwan, you would not be able to go your family safely." Saʿd, raising his voice, said to him, "By Allah, if you should stop me from doing this (i.e. performing Tawaf) I would certainly prevent you from something which is more valuable for you, that is, your passage through Medina." On this, Umaiya said to him, "O Saʿd do not raise your voice before Abu-l-Hakam, the chief of the people of the Valley (of Mecca)." Saʿd said, "O Umaiya, stop that! By Allah, I have heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ predicting that the Muslim will kill you." Umaiya asked, "In Mecca?" Saʿd said, "I do not know." Umaiya was greatly scared by that news. When Umaiya returned to his family, he said to his wife, "O Um Safwan! Don't you know what Saʿd told me? "She said, "What has he told you?" He replied, "He claims that Muhammad has informed them (i.e. companions that they will kill me. I asked him, 'In Mecca?' He replied, 'I do not know." Then Umaiya added, "By Allah, I will never go out of Mecca." But when the day of (the Ghazwa of) Badr came, Abu Jahl called the people to war, saying, "Go and protect your caravan." But Umaiya disliked to go out (of Mecca). Abu Jahl came to him and said, "O Abu Safwan! If the people see you staying behind though you are the chief of the people of the Valley, then they will remain behind with you." Abu Jahl kept on urging him to go until he (i.e. Umaiya) said, "As you have forced me to change my mind, by Allah, I will buy the best camel in Mecca. Then Umaiya said (to his wife). "O Um Safwan, prepare what I need (for the journey)." She said to him, "O Abu Safwan! Have you forgotten what your Yathribi brother told you?" He said, "No, but I do not want to go with them but for a short distance." So when Umaiya went out, he used to tie his camel wherever he camped. He kept on doing that till Allah caused him to be killed at Badr.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ كَانَ صَدِيقًا لأُمَيَّةَ بْنِ خَلَفٍ وَكَانَ أُمَيَّةُ إِذَا مَرَّ بِالْمَدِينَةِ نَزَلَ عَلَى سَعْدٍ وَكَانَ سَعْدٌ إِذَا مَرَّ بِمَكَّةَ نَزَلَ عَلَى أُمَيَّةَ فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ انْطَلَقَ سَعْدٌ مُعْتَمِرًا فَنَزَلَ عَلَى أُمَيَّةَ بِمَكَّةَ فَقَالَ لأُمَيَّةَ انْظُرْ لِي سَاعَةَ خَلْوَةٍ لَعَلِّي أَنْ أَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَخَرَجَ بِهِ قَرِيبًا مِنْ نِصْفِ النَّهَارِ فَلَقِيَهُمَا أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا صَفْوَانَ مَنْ هَذَا مَعَكَ فَقَالَ هَذَا سَعْدٌ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو جَهْلٍ أَلاَ أَرَاكَ تَطُوفُ بِمَكَّةَ آمِنًا وَقَدْ أَوَيْتُمُ الصُّبَاةَ وَزَعَمْتُمْ أَنَّكُمْ تَنْصُرُونَهُمْ وَتُعِينُونَهُمْ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَوْلاَ أَنَّكَ مَعَ أَبِي صَفْوَانَ مَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ سَالِمًا فَقَالَ لَهُ سَعْدٌ وَرَفَعَ صَوْتَهُ عَلَيْهِ أَمَا وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ مَنَعْتَنِي هَذَا لأَمْنَعَنَّكَ مَا هُوَ أَشَدُّ عَلَيْكَ مِنْهُ طَرِيقَكَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أُمَيَّةُ لاَ تَرْفَعْ صَوْتَكَ يَا سَعْدُ عَلَى أَبِي الْحَكَمِ سَيِّدِ أَهْلِ الْوَادِي فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ دَعْنَا عَنْكَ يَا أُمَيَّةُ فَوَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّهُمْ قَاتِلُوكَ قَالَ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ لاَ أَدْرِي فَفَزِعَ لِذَلِكَ أُمَيَّةُ فَزَعًا شَدِيدًا فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ أُمَيَّةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ قَالَ يَا أُمَّ صَفْوَانَ أَلَمْ تَرَىْ مَا قَالَ لِي سَعْدٌ قَالَتْ وَمَا قَالَ لَكَ قَالَ زَعَمَ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا أَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ قَاتِلِيَّ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ بِمَكَّةَ قَالَ لاَ أَدْرِي فَقَالَ أُمَيَّةُ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ اسْتَنْفَرَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ النَّاسَ قَالَ أَدْرِكُوا عِيرَكُمْ فَكَرِهَ أُمَيَّةُ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا صَفْوَانَ إِنَّكَ مَتَى مَا يَرَاكَ النَّاسُ قَدْ تَخَلَّفْتَ وَأَنْتَ سَيِّدُ أَهْلِ الْوَادِي تَخَلَّفُوا مَعَكَ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِهِ أَبُو جَهْلٍ حَتَّى قَالَ أَمَّا إِذْ غَلَبْتَنِي فَوَاللَّهِ لأَشْتَرِيَنَّ أَجْوَدَ بَعِيرٍ بِمَكَّةَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أُمَيَّةُ يَا أُمَّ صَفْوَانَ جَهِّزِينِي فَقَالَتْ لَهُ يَا أَبَا صَفْوَانَ وَقَدْ نَسِيتَ مَا قَالَ لَكَ أَخُوكَ الْيَثْرِبِيُّ قَالَ لاَ مَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَجُوزَ مَعَهُمْ إِلاَّ قَرِيبًا فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ أُمَيَّةُ أَخَذَ لاَ يَنْزِلُ مَنْزِلاً إِلاَّ عَقَلَ بَعِيرَهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بِذَلِكَ حَتَّى قَتَلَهُ اللَّهُ ﷻ بِبَدْرٍ  

I never failed to join Messenger of Allah ﷺ in any of his Ghazawat except in the Ghazwa of Tabuk. However, I did not take part in the Ghazwa of Badr, but none who failed to take part in it, was blamed, for Messenger of Allah ﷺ had gone out to meet the caravans of (Quraish, but Allah caused them (i.e. Muslims) to meet their enemy unexpectedly (with no previous intention) .  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَةٍ غَزَاهَا إِلاَّ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ غَيْرَ أَنِّي تَخَلَّفْتُ عَنْ غَزْوَةِ بَدْرٍ وَلَمْ يُعَاتَبْ أَحَدٌ تَخَلَّفَ عَنْهَا إِنَّمَا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُرِيدُ عِيرَ قُرَيْشٍ حَتَّى جَمَعَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ عَدُوِّهِمْ عَلَى غَيْرِ مِيعَادٍ  

I witnessed Al-Miqdad bin Al-Aswad in a scene which would have been dearer to me than anything had I been the hero of that scene. He (i.e. Al-Miqdad) came to the Prophet ﷺ while the Prophet ﷺ was urging the Muslims to fight with the pagans. Al-Miqdad said, "We will not say as the People of Moses said: Go you and your Lord and fight you two. (5.27). But we shall fight on your right and on your left and in front of you and behind you." I saw the face of the Prophet ﷺ getting bright with happiness, for that saying delighted him.  

لأَنْ أَكُونَ صَاحِبَهُ أَحَبُّ إِلَىَّ مِمَّا عُدِلَ بِهِ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهْوَ يَدْعُو عَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ لاَ نَقُولُ كَمَا قَالَ قَوْمُ مُوسَى {اذْهَبْ أَنْتَ وَرَبُّكَ فَقَاتِلاَ} وَلَكِنَّا نُقَاتِلُ عَنْ يَمِينِكَ وَعَنْ شِمَالِكَ وَبَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ وَخَلْفَكَ فَرَأَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَشْرَقَ وَجْهُهُ وَسَرَّهُ يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ  

On the day of the battle of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ said, "O Allah! I appeal to You (to fulfill) Your Covenant and Promise. O Allah! If Your Will is that none should worship You (then give victory to the pagans)." Then Abu Bakr took hold of him by the hand and said, "This is sufficient for you." The Prophet came out saying, "Their multitude will be put to flight and they will show their backs." (54.45)  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْشُدُكَ عَهْدَكَ وَوَعْدَكَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ شِئْتَ لَمْ تُعْبَدْ فَأَخَذَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ حَسْبُكَ فَخَرَجَ وَهْوَ يَقُولُ {سَيُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَيُوَلُّونَ الدُّبُرَ}  

The believers who failed to join the Ghazwa of Badr and those who took part in it are not equal (in reward).  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَهُ يَقُولُ {لاَ يَسْتَوِي الْقَاعِدُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} عَنْ بَدْرٍ وَالْخَارِجُونَ إِلَى بَدْرٍ  

I and Ibn ʿUmar were considered too young to take part in the battle of Badr.  

اسْتُصْغِرْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ عُمَرَ  

I and Ibn ʿUmar were considered too young (to take part) in the battle of Badr, and the number of the Emigrant warriors were over sixty (men) and the Ansar were over 249.  

اسْتُصْغِرْتُ أَنَا وَابْنُ عُمَرَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَكَانَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ نَيِّفًا عَلَى سِتِّينَ وَالأَنْصَارُ نَيِّفًا وَأَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَتَيْنِ  

The companions of (the Prophet) Muhammad who took part in Badr, told me that their number was that of Saul's (i.e. Talut's) companions who crossed the river (of Jordan) with him and they were over three-hundred-and-ten men. By Allah, none crossed the river with him but a believer. (See Qur'an 2:249)  

حَدَّثَنِي أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا عِدَّةَ أَصْحَابِ طَالُوتَ الَّذِينَ جَازُوا مَعَهُ النَّهَرَ بِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ وَثَلاَثَمِائَةٍ قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ لاَ وَاللَّهِ مَا جَاوَزَ مَعَهُ النَّهَرَ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ  

We, the Companions of Muhammad used to say that the number of the warriors of Badr was the same as the number of Saul's companions who crossed the river (of Jordan) with him, and none crossed the river with him but a believer, and the were over three-hundred-and-ten men.  

أَنَّ عِدَّةَ أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ عَلَى عِدَّةِ أَصْحَابِ طَالُوتَ الَّذِينَ جَاوَزُوا مَعَهُ النَّهَرَ وَلَمْ يُجَاوِزْ مَعَهُ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ بِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ وَثَلاَثَمِائَةٍ  

We used to say that the warriors of Badr were over three-hundred-and-ten, as many as the Companions of Saul who crossed the river with him; and none crossed the river with him but a believer.  

أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ بَدْرٍ ثَلاَثُمِائَةٍ وَبِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ بِعِدَّةِ أَصْحَابِ طَالُوتَ الَّذِينَ جَاوَزُوا مَعَهُ النَّهَرَ وَمَا جَاوَزَ مَعَهُ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ  

The Prophet ﷺ faced the Kaʿba and invoked evil on some people of Quraish, on Shaiba bin Rabiʿa, ʿUtba bin Rabiʿa, Al-Walid bin ʿUtba and Abu Jahl bin Hisham. I bear witness, by Allah, that I saw them all dead, putrefied by the sun as that day was a very hot day.  

اسْتَقْبَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ الْكَعْبَةَ فَدَعَا عَلَى نَفَرٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى شَيْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَعُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ وَأَبِي جَهْلِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ فَأَشْهَدُ بِاللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُمْ صَرْعَى قَدْ غَيَّرَتْهُمُ الشَّمْسُ وَكَانَ يَوْمًا حَارًّا  

Badr. Abu Jahl said, "You should not be proud that you have killed me nor I am ashamed of being killed by my own folk."  

أَنَّهُ أَتَى أَبَا جَهْلٍ وَبِهِ رَمَقٌ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ هَلْ أَعْمَدُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said, "Who will go and see what has happened to Abu Jahl?" Ibn Masʿud went and found that the two sons of 'Afra had struck him fatally (and he was in his last breaths). ʿAbdullah bin Masʿud said, "Are you Abu Jahl?" And took him by the beard. Abu Jahl said, "Can there be a man superior to one you have killed or one whom his own folk have killed?"  

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ح وَحَدَّثَنِي عَمْرُو بْنُ خَالِدٍ حَدَّثَنَا زُهَيْرٌ عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ مَا صَنَعَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَانْطَلَقَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ ضَرَبَهُ ابْنَا عَفْرَاءَ حَتَّى بَرَدَ قَالَ آأَنْتَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ قَالَ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ قَالَ وَهَلْ فَوْقَ رَجُلٍ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ أَوْ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ? قَالَ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ يُونُسَ أَنْتَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ?  

On the day of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ said, "Who will go and see what has happened to Abu Jahl?" Ibn Masʿud went and found that the two sons of 'Afra had struck him fatally. ʿAbdullah bin Masʿud got hold of his beard and said, "'Are you Abu Jahl?" He replied, "Can there be a man more superior to one whom his own folk have killed (or you have killed)?"  

النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَنْ يَنْظُرُ مَا فَعَلَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَانْطَلَقَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ ضَرَبَهُ ابْنَا عَفْرَاءَ حَتَّى بَرَدَ فَأَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ أَبَا جَهْلٍ قَالَ وَهَلْ فَوْقَ رَجُلٍ قَتَلَهُ قَوْمُهُ أَوْ قَالَ قَتَلْتُمُوهُ  

(as above Hadith 301).  

أَخْبَرَنَا أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ نَحْوَهُ  

(the grandfather of Salih bin Ibrahim) the story of Badr, namely, the narration regarding the sons of 'Afra'.  

عَنْ جَدِّهِ فِي بَدْرٍ يَعْنِي حَدِيثَ ابْنَىْ عَفْرَاءَ  

From Qais bin Ubad: ʿAli bin Abi Talib said, "I shall be the first man to kneel down before (Allah), the Beneficent to receive His judgment on the day of Resurrection (in my favor)." Qais bin Ubad also said, "The following Verse was revealed in their connection:-- "These two opponents believers and disbelievers) Dispute with each other About their Lord." (22.19) Qais said that they were those who fought on the day of Badr, namely, Hamza, ʿAli, 'Ubaida or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Harith, Shaiba bin Rabiʿa, ʿUtba and Al-Wahd bin ʿUtba.  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ يَجْثُو بَيْنَ يَدَىِ الرَّحْمَنِ لِلْخُصُومَةِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَقَالَ قَيْسُ بْنُ عُبَادٍ وَفِيهِمْ أُنْزِلَتْ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} قَالَ هُمُ الَّذِينَ تَبَارَزُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ حَمْزَةُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَعُبَيْدَةُ أَوْ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَشَيْبَةُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ وَعُتْبَةُ وَالْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُتْبَةَ  

The following Holy Verse:-- "These two opponents (believers & disbelievers) dispute with each other about their Lord," (22.19) was revealed concerning six men from Quraish, namely, ʿAli, Hamza, 'Ubaida bin Al-Harith; Shaiba bin Rabiʿa, ʿUtba bin Rabiʿa and Al-Walid bin ʿUtba.  

نَزَلَتْ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ} فِي سِتَّةٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عَلِيٍّ وَحَمْزَةَ وَعُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ وَشَيْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَعُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ  

The following Holy Verse:-- "These two opponents (believers and disbelievers) dispute with each other about their Lord." (22.19) was revealed concerning us.  

عَلِيٌّ ؓ فِينَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ }  

I heard Abu Dhar swearing that these Holy Verses were revealed in connection with those six persons on the day of Badr.  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ ؓ يُقْسِمُ لَنَزَلَتْ هَؤُلاَءِ الآيَاتُ فِي هَؤُلاَءِ الرَّهْطِ السِّتَّةِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ نَحْوَهُ  

I heard Abu Dhar swearing that the following Holy verse:-- "These two opponents (believers and disbelievers) disputing with each other about their Lord," (22.19) was revealed concerning those men who fought on the day of Badr, namely, Hamza, ʿAli, Ubaida bin Al-Harith, ʿUtba and Shaiba----the two sons of Rabiʿa-- and Al-Walid bin ʿUtba.  

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا ذَرٍّ يُقْسِمُ قَسَمًا إِنَّ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ {هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ } نَزَلَتْ فِي الَّذِينَ بَرَزُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ حَمْزَةَ وَعَلِيٍّ وَعُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ وَعُتْبَةَ وَشَيْبَةَ ابْنَىْ رَبِيعَةَ وَالْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ  

A man asked Al-Bara' and I was listening, "Did ʿAli take part in (the battle of) Badr?" Al-Bara' said, "(Yes). he even met (his enemies) in a duel and was clad in two armors (one over the other).  

عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ سَأَلَ رَجُلٌ الْبَرَاءَ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ قَالَ أَشَهِدَ عَلِيٌّ بَدْرًا قَالَ بَارَزَ وَظَاهَرَ  

"I had an agreement with Umaiya bin Khalaf (that he would look after my relatives and property in Mecca, and I would look after his relatives and property in Medina)." ʿAbdur-Rahman then mentioned the killing of Umaiya and his son on the day of Badr, and Bilal said, "Woe to me if Umaiya remains safe (i.e. alive) . "  

بِلاَلٌ لاَ نَجَوْتُ إِنْ نَجَا أُمَيَّةُ  

The Prophet ﷺ recited Surat-an-Najm and then prostrated himself, and all who were with him prostrated too. But an old man took a handful of dust and touched his forehead with it saying, "This is sufficient for me." Later on I saw him killed as an infidel.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَرَأَ {وَالنَّجْمِ} فَسَجَدَ بِهَا وَسَجَدَ مَنْ مَعَهُ غَيْرَ أَنَّ شَيْخًا أَخَذَ كَفًّا مِنْ تُرَابٍ فَرَفَعَهُ إِلَى جَبْهَتِهِ فَقَالَ يَكْفِينِي هَذَا قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ فَلَقَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ بَعْدُ قُتِلَ كَافِرًا  

Az-Zubair had three scars caused by the sword, one of which was over his shoulder and I used to insert my fingers in it. He received two of those wounds on the day of Badr and one on the day of Al-Yarmuk. When 'Abdullah bin Zubair was killed, 'Abdul-Malik bin Marwan said to me, "O 'Urwa, do you recognize the sword of Az-Zubair?" I said, "Yes." He said, "What marks does it have?" I replied, "It has a dent in its sharp edge which was caused in it on the day of Badr." 'Abdul- Malik said, "You are right! (i.e. their swords) have dents because of clashing with the regiments of the enemies Then 'Abdul-Malik returned that sword to me (i.e. Urwa). (Hisham, 'Urwa's son said, "We estimated the price of the sword as three-thousand (Dinars) and after that it was taken by one of us (i.e. the inheritors) and I wish I could have had it.")  

كَانَ فِي الزُّبَيْرِ ثَلاَثُ ضَرَبَاتٍ بِالسَّيْفِ إِحْدَاهُنَّ فِي عَاتِقِهِ قَالَ إِنْ كُنْتُ لأُدْخِلُ أَصَابِعِي فِيهَا قَالَ ضُرِبَ ثِنْتَيْنِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَوَاحِدَةً يَوْمَ الْيَرْمُوكِ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ وَقَالَ لِي عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ مَرْوَانَ حِينَ قُتِلَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ يَا عُرْوَةُ هَلْ تَعْرِفُ سَيْفَ الزُّبَيْرِ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَمَا فِيهِ قُلْتُ فِيهِ فَلَّةٌ فُلَّهَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ بِهِنَّ فُلُولٌ مِنْ قِرَاعِ الْكَتَائِبِ ثُمَّ رَدَّهُ عَلَى عُرْوَةَ قَالَ هِشَامٌ فَأَقَمْنَاهُ بَيْنَنَا ثَلاَثَةَ آلاَفٍ وَأَخَذَهُ بَعْضُنَا وَلَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ أَخَذْتُهُ  

That his father said, "The sword of Az-Zubair was decorated with silver." Hisham added, "The sword of ʿUrwa was (also) decorated with silver. "  

هِشَامٌ وَكَانَ سَيْفُ عُرْوَةَ مُحَلًّى بِفِضَّةٍ  

On the day of (the battle) of Al-Yarmuk, the companions of Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Az-Zubair, "Will you attack the enemy so that we shall attack them with you?" Az-Zubair replied, "If I attack them, you people would not support me." They said, "No, we will support you." So Az-Zubair attacked them (i.e. Byzantine) and pierced through their lines, and went beyond them and none of his companions was with him. Then he returned and the enemy got hold of the bridle of his (horse) and struck him two blows (with the sword) on his shoulder. Between these two wounds there was a scar caused by a blow, he had received on the day of Badr (battle). When I was a child I used to play with those scars by putting my fingers in them. On that day (my brother) "Abdullah bin Az-Zubair was also with him and he was ten years old. Az-Zubair had carried him on a horse and let him to the care of some men.  

أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالُوا لِلزُّبَيْرِ يَوْمَ الْيَرْمُوكِ أَلاَ تَشُدُّ فَنَشُدَّ مَعَكَ فَقَالَ إِنِّي إِنْ شَدَدْتُ كَذَبْتُمْ فَقَالُوا لاَ نَفْعَلُ فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى شَقَّ صُفُوفَهُمْ فَجَاوَزَهُمْ وَمَا مَعَهُ أَحَدٌ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ مُقْبِلاً فَأَخَذُوا بِلِجَامِهِ فَضَرَبُوهُ ضَرْبَتَيْنِ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ بَيْنَهُمَا ضَرْبَةٌ ضُرِبَهَا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ كُنْتُ أُدْخِلُ أَصَابِعِي فِي تِلْكَ الضَّرَبَاتِ أَلْعَبُ وَأَنَا صَغِيرٌ قَالَ عُرْوَةُ وَكَانَ مَعَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ يَوْمَئِذٍ وَهْوَ ابْنُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ فَحَمَلَهُ عَلَى فَرَسٍ وَكَّلَ بِهِ رَجُلاً  

On the day of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ ordered that the corpses of twenty four leaders of Quraish should be thrown into one of the dirty dry wells of Badr. (It was a habit of the Prophet ﷺ that whenever he conquered some people, he used to stay at the battle-field for three nights. So, on the third day of the battle of Badr, he ordered that his she-camel be saddled, then he set out, and his companions followed him saying among themselves." "Definitely he (i.e. the Prophet) is proceeding for some great purpose." When he halted at the edge of the well, he addressed the corpses of the Quraish infidels by their names and their fathers' names, "O so-and-so, son of so-and-so and O so-and-so, son of so-andso! Would it have pleased you if you had obeyed Allah and His Apostle? We have found true what our Lord promised us. Have you too found true what your Lord promised you? "ʿUmar said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! You are speaking to bodies that have no souls!" Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "By Him in Whose Hand Muhammad's soul is, you do not hear, what I say better than they do." (Qatada said, "Allah brought them to life (again) to let them hear him, to reprimand them and slight them and take revenge over them and caused them to feel remorseful and regretful.")  

أَنَّ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ رَجُلاً مِنْ صَنَادِيدِ قُرَيْشٍ فَقُذِفُوا فِي طَوِيٍّ مِنْ أَطْوَاءِ بَدْرٍ خَبِيثٍ مُخْبِثٍ وَكَانَ إِذَا ظَهَرَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَقَامَ بِالْعَرْصَةِ ثَلاَثَ لَيَالٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ بِبَدْرٍ الْيَوْمَ الثَّالِثَ أَمَرَ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ فَشُدَّ عَلَيْهَا رَحْلُهَا ثُمَّ مَشَى وَاتَّبَعَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ وَقَالُوا مَا نُرَى يَنْطَلِقُ إِلاَّ لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِهِ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَى شَفَةِ الرَّكِيِّ فَجَعَلَ يُنَادِيهِمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ يَا فُلاَنُ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ وَيَا فُلاَنُ بْنَ فُلاَنٍ أَيَسُرُّكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَطَعْتُمُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّا قَدْ وَجَدْنَا مَا وَعَدَنَا رَبُّنَا حَقًّا فَهَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ مَا وَعَدَ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّا قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا تُكَلِّمُ مِنْ أَجْسَادٍ لاَ أَرْوَاحَ لَهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَسْمَعَ لِمَا أَقُولُ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ أَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ حَتَّى أَسْمَعَهُمْ قَوْلَهُ تَوْبِيخًا وَتَصْغِيرًا وَنَقِيمَةً وَحَسْرَةً وَنَدَمًا  

regarding the Statement of Allah:--"Those who have changed Allah's Blessings for disbelief..." (14.28) The people meant here by Allah, are the infidels of Quraish. (ʿAmr, a sub-narrator said, "Those are (the infidels of) Quraish and Muhammad is Allah's Blessing. Regarding Allah's Statement:"..and have led their people Into the house of destruction? (14.29) Ibn ʿAbbas said, "It means the Fire they will suffer from (after their death) on the day of Badr."  

عَمْرٌو هُمْ قُرَيْشٌ وَمُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ نِعْمَةُ اللَّهِ {وَأَحَلُّوا قَوْمَهُمْ دَارَ الْبَوَارِ } قَالَ النَّارَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ  

It was mentioned before ʿAisha that Ibn ʿUmar attributed the following statement to the Prophet ﷺ "The dead person is punished in the grave because of the crying and lamentation Of his family." On that, ʿAisha said, "But Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'The dead person is punished for his crimes and sins while his family cry over him then." She added, "And this is similar to the statement of Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he stood by the (edge of the) well which contained the corpses of the pagans killed at Badr, 'They hear what I say.' She added, "But he said now they know very well what I used to tell them was the truth." ʿAisha then recited: 'You cannot make the dead hear.' (30.52) and 'You cannot make those who are in their Graves, hear you.' (35.22) that is, when they had taken their places in the (Hell) Fire.  

ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ رَفَعَ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ يُعَذَّبُ فِي قَبْرِهِ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّهُ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِخَطِيئَتِهِ وَذَنْبِهِ وَإِنَّ أَهْلَهُ لَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِ الآنَ قَالَتْ وَذَاكَ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَامَ عَلَى الْقَلِيبِ وَفِيهِ قَتْلَى بَدْرٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَا قَالَ إِنَّهُمْ لَيَسْمَعُونَ مَا أَقُولُ إِنَّمَا قَالَ إِنَّهُمُ الآنَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ مَا كُنْتُ أَقُولُ لَهُمْ حَقٌّ ثُمَّ قَرَأَتْ {إِنَّكَ لاَ تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَى} {وَمَا أَنْتَ بِمُسْمِعٍ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ} تَقُولُ حِينَ تَبَوَّءُوا مَقَاعِدَهُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ  

The Prophet ﷺ stood at the well of Badr (which contained the corpses of the pagans) and said, "Have you found true what your lord promised you?" Then he further said, "They now hear what I say." This was mentioned before ʿAisha and she said, "But the Prophet ﷺ said, 'Now they know very well that what I used to tell them was the truth.' Then she recited (the Holy Verse):-- "You cannot make the dead hear... ...till the end of Verse)." (30.52)  

وَقَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى قَلِيبِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ {هَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ مَا وَعَدَ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّا ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّهُمُ الآنَ يَسْمَعُونَ مَا أَقُولُ} فَذُكِرَ لِعَائِشَةَ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِنَّهُمُ الآنَ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ الَّذِي كُنْتُ أَقُولُ لَهُمْ هُوَ الْحَقُّ ثُمَّ قَرَأَتْ {إِنَّكَ لاَ تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَى} حَتَّى قَرَأَتِ الآيَةَ  

Haritha was martyred on the day (of the battle) of Badr, and he was a young boy then. His mother came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! You know how dear Haritha is to me. If he is in Paradise, I shall remain patient, and hope for reward from Allah, but if it is not so, then you shall see what I do?" He said, "May Allah be merciful to you! Have you lost your senses? Do you think there is only one Paradise? There are many Paradises and your son is in the (most superior) Paradise of Al- Firdaus."  

سَمِعْتُ أَنَسًا ؓ يَقُولُ أُصِيبَ حَارِثَةُ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَهْوَ غُلاَمٌ فَجَاءَتْ أُمُّهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ عَرَفْتَ مَنْزِلَةَ حَارِثَةَ مِنِّي فَإِنْ يَكُنْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَصْبِرْ وَأَحْتَسِبْ وَإِنْ تَكُ الأُخْرَى تَرَى مَا أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ وَيْحَكِ أَوَهَبِلْتِ أَوَجَنَّةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ هِيَ إِنَّهَا جِنَانٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَإِنَّهُ فِي جَنَّةِ الْفِرْدَوْسِ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me, Abu Marthad and Az-Zubair, and all of us were riding horses, and said, "Go till you reach Raudat-Khakh where there is a pagan woman carrying a letter from Hatib bin Abi Balta' a to the pagans of Mecca." So we found her riding her camel at the place which Messenger of Allah ﷺ had mentioned. We said (to her),"(Give us) the letter." She said, "I have no letter." Then we made her camel kneel down and we searched her, but we found no letter. Then we said, "Messenger of Allah ﷺ had not told us a lie, certainly. Take out the letter, otherwise we will strip you naked." When she saw that we were determined, she put her hand below her waist belt, for she had tied her cloak round her waist, and she took out the letter, and we brought her to Messenger of Allah ﷺ Then ʿUmar said, "O Allah's Apostle! (This Hatib) has betrayed Allah, His Apostle and the believers! Let me cut off his neck!" The Prophet asked Hatib, "What made you do this?" Hatib said, "By Allah, I did not intend to give up my belief in Allah and His Apostle but I wanted to have some influence among the (Mecca) people so that through it, Allah might protect my family and property. There is none of your companions but has some of his relatives there through whom Allah protects his family and property." The Prophet ﷺ said, "He has spoken the truth; do no say to him but good." ʿUmar said, "He as betrayed Allah, His Apostle and the faithful believers. Let me cut off his neck!" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Is he not one of the Badr warriors? May be Allah looked at the Badr warriors and said, 'Do whatever you like, as I have granted Paradise to you, or said, 'I have forgiven you."' On this, tears came out of ʿUmar's eyes, and he said, "Allah and His Apostle know better."  

بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبَا مَرْثَدٍ وَالزُّبَيْرَ وَكُلُّنَا فَارِسٌ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوا حَتَّى تَأْتُوا رَوْضَةَ خَاخٍ فَإِنَّ بِهَا امْرَأَةً مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ مَعَهَا كِتَابٌ مِنْ حَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأَدْرَكْنَاهَا تَسِيرُ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَهَا حَيْثُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْنَا الْكِتَابُ فَقَالَتْ مَا مَعَنَا كِتَابٌ فَأَنَخْنَاهَا فَالْتَمَسْنَا فَلَمْ نَرَ كِتَابًا فَقُلْنَا مَا كَذَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَتُخْرِجِنَّ الْكِتَابَ أَوْ لَنُجَرِّدَنَّكِ فَلَمَّا رَأَتِ الْجِدَّ أَهْوَتْ إِلَى حُجْزَتِهَا وَهْىَ مُحْتَجِزَةٌ بِكِسَاءٍ فَأَخْرَجَتْهُ فَانْطَلَقْنَا بِهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَدْ خَانَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَدَعْنِي فَلأَضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ قَالَ حَاطِبٌ وَاللَّهِ مَا بِي أَنْ لاَ أَكُونَ مُؤْمِنًا بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ﷺ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِي عِنْدَ الْقَوْمِ يَدٌ يَدْفَعُ اللَّهُ بِهَا عَنْ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي وَلَيْسَ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ إِلاَّ لَهُ هُنَاكَ مِنْ عَشِيرَتِهِ مَنْ يَدْفَعُ اللَّهُ بِهِ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ صَدَقَ وَلاَ تَقُولُوا لَهُ إِلاَّ خَيْرًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ إِنَّهُ قَدْ خَانَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَدَعْنِي فَلأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ فَقَالَ أَلَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ اطَّلَعَ إِلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ أَوْ فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكُمْ فَدَمَعَتْ عَيْنَا عُمَرَ وَقَالَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ  

On the day of Badr, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us, "When the enemy comes near to you, shoot at them but use your arrows sparingly (so that your arrows should not be wasted).  

لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ إِذَا أَكْثَبُوكُمْ فَارْمُوهُمْ وَاسْتَبْقُوا نَبْلَكُمْ  

On the day of (the battle of) Badr, Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us, "When your enemy comes near to you (i.e. overcome you by sheer number), shoot at them but use your arrows sparingly."  

لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ إِذَا أَكْثَبُوكُمْ يَعْنِي كَثَرُوكُمْ فَارْمُوهُمْ وَاسْتَبْقُوا نَبْلَكُمْ  

On the day of Uhud the Prophet ﷺ appointed ʿAbdullah bin Jubair as chief of the archers, and seventy among us were injured and martyred. On the day (of the battle) of Badr, the Prophet ﷺ and his companions had inflicted 140 casualties on the pagans, 70 were taken prisoners, and 70 were killed. Abu Sufyan said, "This is a day of (revenge) for the day of Badr and the issue of war is undecided ."  

جَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَلَى الرُّمَاةِ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ فَأَصَابُوا مِنَّا سَبْعِينَ وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ أَصَابُوا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ أَرْبَعِينَ وَمِائَةً سَبْعِينَ أَسِيرًا وَسَبْعِينَ قَتِيلاً قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ بَدْرٍ وَالْحَرْبُ سِجَالٌ  

That the Prophet ﷺ said, "The good is what Allah gave us later on (after Uhud), and the reward of truthfulness is what Allah gave us after the day (of the battle) of Badr."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ وَإِذَا الْخَيْرُ مَا جَاءَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ بَعْدُ وَثَوَابُ الصِّدْقِ الَّذِي آتَانَا بَعْدَ يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ  

While I was fighting in the front file on the day (of the battle) of Badr, suddenly I looked behind and saw on my right and left two young boys and did not feel safe by standing between them. Then one of them asked me secretly so that his companion may not hear, "O Uncle! Show me Abu Jahl." I said, "O nephew! What will you do to him?" He said, "I have promised Allah that if I see him (i.e. Abu Jahl), I will either kill him or be killed before I kill him." Then the other said the same to me secretly so that his companion should not hear. I would not have been pleased to be in between two other men instead of them. Then I pointed him (i.e. Abu Jahl) out to them. Both of them attacked him like two hawks till they knocked him down. Those two boys were the sons of 'Afra' (i.e. an Ansari woman).  

وَعَنْ يَسَارِي فَتَيَانِ حَدِيثَا السِّنِّ فَكَأَنِّي لَمْ آمَنْ بِمَكَانِهِمَا إِذْ قَالَ لِي أَحَدُهُمَا سِرًّا مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ يَا عَمِّ أَرِنِي أَبَا جَهْلٍ فَقُلْتُ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي وَمَا تَصْنَعُ بِهِ قَالَ عَاهَدْتُ اللَّهَ إِنْ رَأَيْتُهُ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ أَوْ أَمُوتَ دُونَهُ فَقَالَ لِي الآخَرُ سِرًّا مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ مِثْلَهُ قَالَ فَمَا سَرَّنِي أَنِّي بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ مَكَانَهُمَا فَأَشَرْتُ لَهُمَا إِلَيْهِ فَشَدَّا عَلَيْهِ مِثْلَ الصَّقْرَيْنِ حَتَّى ضَرَبَاهُ وَهُمَا ابْنَا عَفْرَاءَ  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent out ten spies under the command of ʿAsim bin Thabit Al-Ansari, the grand-father of ʿAsim bin ʿUmar Al-Khattab. When they reached (a place called) Al-Hadah between 'Usfan and Mecca, their presence was made known to a sub-tribe of Hudhail called Banu Lihyan. So they sent about one hundred archers after them. The archers traced the footsteps (of the Muslims) till they found the traces of dates which they had eaten at one of their camping places. The archers said, "These dates are of Yathrib (i.e. Medina)," and went on tracing the Muslims' footsteps. When ʿAsim and his companions became aware of them, they took refuge in a (high) place. But the enemy encircled them and said, "Come down and surrender. We give you a solemn promise and covenant that we will not kill anyone of you." ʿAsim bin Thabit said, "O people! As for myself, I will never get down to be under the protection of an infidel. O Allah! Inform your Prophet about us." So the archers threw their arrows at them and martyred ʿAsim. Three of them came down and surrendered to them, accepting their promise and covenant and they were Khubaib, Zaid bin Ad-Dathina and another man. When the archers got hold of them, they untied the strings of the arrow bows and tied their captives with them. The third man said, "This is the first proof of treachery! By Allah, I will not go with you for I follow the example of these." He meant the martyred companions. The archers dragged him and struggled with him (till they martyred him). Then Khubaib and Zaid bin Ad-Dathina were taken away by them and later on they sold them as slaves in Mecca after the event of the Badr battle. The sons of Al-Harit bin ʿAmr bin Naufal bought Khubaib for he was a person who had killed (their father) Al-Hari bin ʿAmr on the day (of the battle) of Badr. Khubaib remained imprisoned by them till they decided unanimously to kill him. One day Khubaib borrowed from a daughter of Al-Harith, a razor for shaving his pubic hair, and she lent it to him. By chance, while she was inattentive, a little son of hers went to him (i.e. Khubaib) and she saw that Khubaib had seated him on his thigh while the razor was in his hand. She was so much terrified that Khubaib noticed her fear and said, "Are you afraid that I will kill him? Never would I do such a thing." Later on (while narrating the story) she said, "By Allah, I had never seen a better captive than Khubaib. By Allah, one day I saw him eating from a bunch of grapes in his hand while he was fettered with iron chains and (at that time) there was no fruit in Mecca." She used to say," It was food Allah had provided Khubaib with." When they took him to Al-Hil out of Mecca sanctuary to martyr him, Khubaib requested them. "Allow me to offer a two-rakʿat prayer." They allowed him and he prayed two rakʿat and then said, "By Allah! Had I not been afraid that you would think I was worried, I would have prayed more." Then he (invoked evil upon them) saying, "O Allah! Count them and kill them one by one, and do not leave anyone of them"' Then he recited: "As I am martyred as a Muslim, I do not care in what way I receive my death for Allah's Sake, for this is for the Cause of Allah. If He wishes, He will bless the cut limbs of my body." Then Abu Sarva, 'Ubqa bin Al-Harith went up to him and killed him. It was Khubaib who set the tradition of praying for any Muslim to be martyred in captivity (before he is executed). The Prophet ﷺ told his companions of what had happened (to those ten spies) on the same day they were martyred. Some Quraish people, being informed of ʿAsim bin Thabit's death, sent some messengers to bring a part of his body so that his death might be known for certain, for he had previously killed one of their leaders (in the battle of Badr). But Allah sent a swarm of wasps to protect the dead body of ʿAsim, and they shielded him from the messengers who could not cut anything from his body.  

بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَشَرَةً عَيْنًا وَأَمَّرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَاصِمَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ الأَنْصَارِيَّ جَدَّ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِالْهَدَةِ بَيْنَ عُسْفَانَ وَمَكَّةَ ذُكِرُوا لِحَىٍّ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ يُقَالُ لَهُمْ بَنُو لِحْيَانَ فَنَفَرُوا لَهُمْ بِقَرِيبٍ مِنْ مِائَةِ رَجُلٍ رَامٍ فَاقْتَصُّوا آثَارَهُمْ حَتَّى وَجَدُوا مَأْكَلَهُمُ التَّمْرَ فِي مَنْزِلٍ نَزَلُوهُ فَقَالُوا تَمْرُ يَثْرِبَ فَاتَّبَعُوا آثَارَهُمْ فَلَمَّا حَسَّ بِهِمْ عَاصِمٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ لَجَئُوا إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ فَأَحَاطَ بِهِمُ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالُوا لَهُمْ انْزِلُوا فَأَعْطُوا بِأَيْدِيكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْعَهْدُ وَالْمِيثَاقُ أَنْ لاَ نَقْتُلَ مِنْكُمْ أَحَدًا فَقَالَ عَاصِمُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ أَيُّهَا الْقَوْمُ أَمَّا أَنَا فَلاَ أَنْزِلُ فِي ذِمَّةِ كَافِرٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَخْبِرْ عَنَّا نَبِيَّكَ ﷺ فَرَمَوْهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ فَقَتَلُوا عَاصِمًا وَنَزَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ ثَلاَثَةُ نَفَرٍ عَلَى الْعَهْدِ وَالْمِيثَاقِ مِنْهُمْ خُبَيْبٌ وَزَيْدُ بْنُ الدَّثِنَةِ وَرَجُلٌ آخَرُ فَلَمَّا اسْتَمْكَنُوا مِنْهُمْ أَطْلَقُوا أَوْتَارَ قِسِيِّهِمْ فَرَبَطُوهُمْ بِهَا قَالَ الرَّجُلُ الثَّالِثُ هَذَا أَوَّلُ الْغَدْرِ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَصْحَبُكُمْ إِنَّ لِي بِهَؤُلاَءِ أُسْوَةً يُرِيدُ الْقَتْلَى فَجَرَّرُوهُ وَعَالَجُوهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَصْحَبَهُمْ فَانْطُلِقَ بِخُبَيْبٍ وَزَيْدِ بْنِ الدَّثِنَةِ حَتَّى بَاعُوهُمَا بَعْدَ وَقْعَةِ بَدْرٍ فَابْتَاعَ بَنُو الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ نَوْفَلٍ خُبَيْبًا وَكَانَ خُبَيْبٌ هُوَ قَتَلَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ فَلَبِثَ خُبَيْبٌ عِنْدَهُمْ أَسِيرًا حَتَّى أَجْمَعُوا قَتْلَهُ فَاسْتَعَارَ مِنْ بَعْضِ بَنَاتِ الْحَارِثِ مُوسَى يَسْتَحِدُّ بِهَا فَأَعَارَتْهُ فَدَرَجَ بُنَىٌّ لَهَا وَهْىَ غَافِلَةٌ حَتَّى أَتَاهُ فَوَجَدَتْهُ مُجْلِسَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِهِ وَالْمُوسَى بِيَدِهِ قَالَتْ فَفَزِعْتُ فَزْعَةً عَرَفَهَا خُبَيْبٌ فَقَالَ أَتَخْشَيْنَ أَنْ أَقْتُلَهُ مَا كُنْتُ لأَفْعَلَ ذَلِكَ قَالَتْ وَاللَّهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَسِيرًا قَطُّ خَيْرًا مِنْ خُبَيْبٍ وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ وَجَدْتُهُ يَوْمًا يَأْكُلُ قِطْفًا مِنْ عِنَبٍ فِي يَدِهِ وَإِنَّهُ لَمُوثَقٌ بِالْحَدِيدِ وَمَا بِمَكَّةَ مِنْ ثَمَرَةٍ وَكَانَتْ تَقُولُ إِنَّهُ لَرِزْقٌ رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ خُبَيْبًا فَلَمَّا خَرَجُوا بِهِ مِنَ الْحَرَمِ لِيَقْتُلُوهُ فِي الْحِلِّ قَالَ لَهُمْ خُبَيْبٌ دَعُونِي أُصَلِّي رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَتَرَكُوهُ فَرَكَعَ رَكْعَتَيْنِ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَوْلاَ أَنْ تَحْسِبُوا أَنَّ مَا بِي جَزَعٌ لَزِدْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ أَحْصِهِمْ عَدَدًا وَاقْتُلْهُمْ بَدَدًا وَلاَ تُبْقِ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدًا ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ فَلَسْتُ أُبَالِي حِينَ أُقْتَلُ مُسْلِمًا عَلَى أَىِّ جَنْبٍ كَانَ لِلَّهِ مَصْرَعِي وَذَلِكَ فِي ذَاتِ الإِلَهِ وَإِنْ يَشَأْ يُبَارِكْ عَلَى أَوْصَالِ شِلْوٍ مُمَزَّعِ ثُمَّ قَامَ إِلَيْهِ أَبُو سِرْوَعَةَ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ فَقَتَلَهُ وَكَانَ خُبَيْبٌ هُوَ سَنَّ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ قُتِلَ صَبْرًا الصَّلاَةَ وَأَخْبَرَ أَصْحَابَهُ يَوْمَ أُصِيبُوا خَبَرَهُمْ وَبَعَثَ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِلَى عَاصِمِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ حِينَ حُدِّثُوا أَنَّهُ قُتِلَ أَنْ يُؤْتَوْا بِشَىْءٍ مِنْهُ يُعْرَفُ وَكَانَ قَتَلَ رَجُلاً عَظِيمًا مِنْ عُظَمَائِهِمْ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ لِعَاصِمٍ مِثْلَ الظُّلَّةِ مِنَ الدَّبْرِ فَحَمَتْهُ مِنْ رُسُلِهِمْ فَلَمْ يَقْدِرُوا أَنْ يَقْطَعُوا مِنْهُ شَيْئًا وَقَالَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ ذَكَرُوا مُرَارَةَ بْنَ الرَّبِيعِ الْعَمْرِيَّ وَهِلاَلَ بْنَ أُمَيَّةَ الْوَاقِفِيَّ رَجُلَيْنِ صَالِحَيْنِ قَدْ شَهِدَا بَدْرًا  

Ibn 'Umar was once told that Said bin Zaid bin 'Amr bin Nufail, one of the Badr warriors, had fallen ill on a Friday. Ibn 'Umar rode to him late in the forenoon. The time of the Friday prayer approached and Ibn 'Umar did not take part in the Friday prayer.  

أَنْ تَعَالَى النَّهَارُ وَاقْتَرَبَتِ الْجُمُعَةُ وَتَرَكَ الْجُمُعَةَ  

That she was married to Sad bin Khaula who was from the tribe of Bani 'Amr bin Luai, and was one of those who fought the Badr battle. He died while she wa pregnant during Hajjat-ul-Wada.' Soon after his death, she gave birth to a child. When she completed the term of deliver (i.e. became clean), she prepared herself for suitors. Abu As-Sanabil bin Bu'kak, a man from the tribe of Bani Abd-ud-Dal called on her and said to her, "What! I see you dressed up for the people to ask you in marriage. Do you want to marry By Allah, you are not allowed to marry unless four months and ten days have elapsed (after your husband's death)." Subai'a in her narration said, "When he (i.e. Abu As-Sanabil) said this to me. I put on my dress in the evening and went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him about this problem. He gave the verdict that I was free to marry as I had already given birth to my child and ordered me to marry if I wished."  

أَنْ يَدْخُلَ عَلَى سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَارِثِ الأَسْلَمِيَّةِ فَيَسْأَلَهَا عَنْ حَدِيثِهَا وَعَنْ مَا قَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ اسْتَفْتَتْهُ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الأَرْقَمِ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ سُبَيْعَةَ بِنْتَ الْحَارِثِ أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تَحْتَ سَعْدِ ابْنِ خَوْلَةَ وَهْوَ مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَىٍّ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهْىَ حَامِلٌ فَلَمْ تَنْشَبْ أَنْ وَضَعَتْ حَمْلَهَا بَعْدَ وَفَاتِهِ فَلَمَّا تَعَلَّتْ مِنْ نِفَاسِهَا تَجَمَّلَتْ لِلْخُطَّابِ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا أَبُو السَّنَابِلِ بْنُ بَعْكَكٍ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ الدَّارِ فَقَالَ لَهَا مَا لِي أَرَاكِ تَجَمَّلْتِ لِلْخُطَّابِ تُرَجِّينَ النِّكَاحَ فَإِنَّكِ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَنْتِ بِنَاكِحٍ حَتَّى تَمُرَّ عَلَيْكِ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ قَالَتْ سُبَيْعَةُ فَلَمَّا قَالَ لِي ذَلِكَ جَمَعْتُ عَلَىَّ ثِيَابِي حِينَ أَمْسَيْتُ وَأَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَفْتَانِي بِأَنِّي قَدْ حَلَلْتُ حِينَ وَضَعْتُ حَمْلِي وَأَمَرَنِي بِالتَّزَوُّجِ إِنْ بَدَا لِي  

(who was one of the Badr warriors) Gabriel came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "How do you look upon the warriors of Badr among yourselves?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "As the best of the Muslims." or said a similar statement. On that, Gabriel said, "And so are the Angels who participated in the Badr (battle).  

عَنْ أَبِيهِ وَكَانَ أَبُوهُ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ قَالَ جَاءَ جِبْرِيلُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا تَعُدُّونَ أَهْلَ بَدْرٍ فِيكُمْ قَالَ مِنْ أَفْضَلِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا قَالَ وَكَذَلِكَ مَنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مِنَ الْمَلاَئِكَةِ  

Rifaʿa was one of the warriors of Badr while (his father) Rafiʿ was one of the people of Al-ʿAqaba (i.e. those who gave the pledge of allegiance at Al-ʿAqaba). Rafiʿ used to say to his son, "I would not have been happier if I had taken part in the Badr battle instead of taking part in the 'Aqaba pledge."  

سَأَلَ جِبْرِيلُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِهَذَا  

The one who asked (the Prophet) was Gabriel (refer to Hadith 5.327).  

أَنَّ مَلَكًا سَأَلَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَعَنْ يَحْيَى أَنَّ يَزِيدَ بْنَ الْهَادِ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ مَعَهُ يَوْمَ حَدَّثَهُ مُعَاذٌ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ يَزِيدُ فَقَالَ مُعَاذٌ إِنَّ السَّائِلَ هُوَ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ  

The Prophet ﷺ said on the day (of the battle) of Badr, "This is Gabriel holding the head of his horse and equipped with arms for the battle.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ آخِذٌ بِرَأْسِ فَرَسِهِ عَلَيْهِ أَدَاةُ الْحَرْبِ  

Abu Zaid died and did not leave any offspring, and he was one of the Badr warriors.  

مَاتَ أَبُو زَيْدٍ وَلَمْ يَتْرُكْ عَقِبًا وَكَانَ بَدْرِيًّا  

Abu Saʿid bin Malik Al-Khudri returned from a journey and his family offered him some meat of sacrifices offered at ʿId ul Adha. On that he said, "I will not eat it before asking (whether it is allowed)." He went to his maternal brother, Qatada bin N i 'man, who was one of the Badr warriors, and asked him about it. Qatada said, "After your departure, an order was issued by the Prophet ﷺ cancelling the prohibition of eating sacrifices after three days."  

إِنَّهُ حَدَثَ بَعْدَكَ أَمْرٌ نَقْضٌ لِمَا كَانُوا يُنْهَوْنَ عَنْهُ مِنْ أَكْلِ لُحُومِ الأَضْحَى بَعْدَ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ  

Az-Zubair said, "I met Ubaida bin Saʿid bin Al-As on the day (of the battle) of Badr and he was covered with armor; so much that only his eyes were visible. He was surnamed Abu Dhat-al-Karish. He said (proudly), 'I am Abu-al-Karish.' I attacked him with the spear and pierced his eye and he died. I put my foot over his body to pull (that spear) out, but even then I had to use a great force to take it out as its both ends were bent." ʿUrwa said, "Later on Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked Az-Zubair for the spear and he gave it to him. When Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, Az-Zubair took it back. After that Abu Bakr demanded it and he gave it to him, and when Abu Bakr died, Az-Zubair took it back. ʿUmar then demanded it from him and he gave it to him. When ʿUmar died, Az-Zubair took it back, and then ʿUthman demanded it from him and he gave it to him. When ʿUthman was martyred, the spear remained with ʿAli's offspring. Then ʿAbdullah bin Az-Zubair demanded it back, and it remained with him till he was martyred.  

أَنَا أَبُو ذَاتِ الْكَرِشِ فَحَمَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْعَنَزَةِ فَطَعَنْتُهُ فِي عَيْنِهِ فَمَاتَ قَالَ هِشَامٌ فَأُخْبِرْتُ أَنَّ الزُّبَيْرَ قَالَ لَقَدْ وَضَعْتُ رِجْلِي عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَمَطَّأْتُ فَكَانَ الْجَهْدَ أَنْ نَزَعْتُهَا وَقَدِ انْثَنَى طَرَفَاهَا قَالَ عُرْوَةُ فَسَأَلَهُ إِيَّاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَعْطَاهُ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَخَذَهَا ثُمَّ طَلَبَهَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَأَعْطَاهُ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَأَلَهَا إِيَّاهُ عُمَرُ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهَا فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ عُمَرُ أَخَذَهَا ثُمَّ طَلَبَهَا عُثْمَانُ مِنْهُ فَأَعْطَاهُ إِيَّاهَا فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ عُثْمَانُ وَقَعَتْ عِنْدَ آلِ عَلِيٍّ فَطَلَبَهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ فَكَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى قُتِلَ  

(who was one of the Badr warriors) Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Give me the pledge of allegiance."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ بَايِعُونِي