one day while the Prophet ﷺ was sitting in the company of some people, and ˹the angel˺ Gabriel came to him and said: What is Īmān (Faith)? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Faith is to (1) believe in Allah, (2) His angels, (3) meeting with Him, (4) His Messengers, and (5) to believe in Resurrection."

He (Gabriel) said: What is Islām? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "To (1) worship Allah and not to ascribe any partners to Him, (2) to establish Ṣalāh (Prayer), (3) to pay the compulsory charity (Zakāh), and (4) to fast during the month of Ramaḍān."

He (Gabriel) said: "What is Iḥsān (Excellence in Faith)?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "To (1) worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you are unable to see Him (i.e. achieve such as state) (2) ˹know˺ that He is watching you."

He (Gabriel) said: When is the Hour (the Last Day)? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The answerer has no better knowledge than the questioner. But I will inform you about its signs. (1) When a servant woman gives birth to her master, and (2) when the shepherds of black camels start boasting and competing with others in the construction of taller buildings, (3) ˹and it (the Hour) is one of five ˹things˺ which nobody knows except Allah." The Prophet ﷺ then recited: "Verily, with Allah (alone) is the knowledge of the Hour... (Luqmān 31:34)"

Then he (Gabriel) left and the Prophet ﷺ ˹asked his companions˺ to call him back, but they could not see him. Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion."

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَارِزًا يَوْمًا لِلنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ، فَقَالَ: مَا الإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ: «الإِيمَانُ أَنْ (١) تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ، (٢) وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ، (٣) وَبِلِقَائِهِ، (٤) وَرُسُلِهِ، (٥) وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ۔»

قَالَ: مَا الإِسْلاَمُ؟ قَالَ: «الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ (١) تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكَ بِهِ، (٢) وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ، (٣) وَتُؤَدِّيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ، (٤) وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ۔»

قَالَ: مَا الإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ: أَنْ (١) تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ (٢) فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ۔»

قَالَ: مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ: «مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ۔ وَسَأُخْبِرُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا: (١) إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا، (٢) وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رُعَاةُ الإِبِلِ الْبُهْمُ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ، (٣) فِي خَمْسٍ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ۔» ثُمَّ تَلاَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: {إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ} الآيَةَ

ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ فَقَالَ رُدُّوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ: «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ يُعَلِّمُ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ۔»

that he remembered Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he also remembered a mouthful of water which he had thrown on his face, after taking it from a well that was in their house. Mahmud said that he had heard ʿItban bin Malik, who was present with Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the battle of Badr saying, "I used to lead my people at Bani Salim in the prayer and there was a valley between me and those people. Whenever it rained it used to be difficult for me to cross it to go to their mosque. So I went to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, 'I have weak eyesight and the valley between me and my people flows during the rainy season and it becomes difficult for me to cross it; I wish you would come to my house and pray at a place so that I could take that place as a praying place.' Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I will do so.' So Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr came to my house in the (next) morning after the sun had risen high. Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked my permission to let him in and I admitted him. He did not sit before saying, 'Where do you want us to offer the prayer in your house?' I pointed to the place where I wanted him to pray. So Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up for the prayer and started the prayer with Takbir and we aligned in rows behind him; and he offered two rakʿat, and finished them with Taslim, and we also performed Taslim with him. I detained him for a meal called "Khazir" which I had prepared for him.--("Khazir" is a special type of dish prepared from barley flour and meat soup)-- When the neighbors got the news that Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in my house, they poured it till there were a great number of men in the house. One of them said, 'What is wrong with Malik, for I do not see him?' One of them replied, 'He is a hypocrite and does not love Allah and His Apostle.' On that Allah's Apostle said, 'Don't say this. Haven't you seen that he said, 'None has the right to be worshipped but Allah for Allah's sake only.' The man replied, 'Allah and His Apostle know better; but by Allah, we never saw him but helping and talking with the hypocrites.' Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, 'No doubt, whoever says. None has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and by that he wants the pleasures of Allah, then Allah will save him from Hell." Mahmud added, "I told the above narration to some people, one of whom was Abu Aiyub, the companion of Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the battle in which he (Abu Aiyub) died and Yazid bin Mu'awiya was their leader in Roman Territory. Abu Aiyub denounced the narration and said, 'I doubt that Messenger of Allah ﷺ ever said what you have said.' I felt that too much, and I vowed to Allah that if I remained alive in that holy battle, I would (go to Medina and) ask ʿItban bin Malik if he was still living in the mosque of his people. So when he returned, I assumed Ihram for Hajj or ʿUmra and then I proceeded on till I reached Medina. I went to Bani Salim and ʿItban bin Malik, who was by then an old blind man, was leading his people in the prayer. When he finished the prayer, I greeted him and introduced myself to him and then asked him about that narration. He told that narration again in the same manner as he had narrated it the first time."

رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَقَلَ مَجَّةً مَجَّهَا فِي وَجْهِهِ مِنْ بِئْرٍ كَانَتْ فِي دَارِهِمْ فَزَعَمَ مَحْمُودٌ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عِتْبَانَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ الأَنْصَارِيّ َ ؓ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ كُنْتُ أُصَلِّي لِقَوْمِي بِبَنِي سَالِمٍ وَكَانَ يَحُولُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَادٍ إِذَا جَاءَتِ الأَمْطَارُ فَيَشُقُّ عَلَىَّ اجْتِيَازُهُ قِبَلَ مَسْجِدِهِمْ فَجِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي أَنْكَرْتُ بَصَرِي وَإِنَّ الْوَادِيَ الَّذِي بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ قَوْمِي يَسِيلُ إِذَا جَاءَتِ الأَمْطَارُ فَيَشُقُّ عَلَىَّ اجْتِيَازُهُ فَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّكَ تَأْتِي فَتُصَلِّي مِنْ بَيْتِي مَكَانًا أَتَّخِذُهُ مُصَلًّى فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَأَفْعَلُ فَغَدَا عَلَىَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بَعْدَ مَا اشْتَدَّ النَّهَارُ فَاسْتَأْذَنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَذِنْتُ لَهُ فَلَمْ يَجْلِسْ حَتَّى قَالَ أَيْنَ تُحِبُّ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ مِنْ بَيْتِكَ فَأَشَرْتُ لَهُ إِلَى الْمَكَانِ الَّذِي أُحِبُّ أَنْ أُصَلِّيَ فِيهِ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَبَّرَ وَصَفَفْنَا وَرَاءَهُ فَصَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ وَسَلَّمْنَا حِينَ سَلَّمَ فَحَبَسْتُهُ عَلَى خَزِيرٍ يُصْنَعُ لَهُ فَسَمِعَ أَهْلُ الدَّارِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي بَيْتِي فَثَابَ رِجَالٌ مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى كَثُرَ الرِّجَالُ فِي الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ مَا فَعَلَ مَالِكٌ لاَ أَرَاهُ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ ذَاكَ مُنَافِقٌ لاَ يُحِبُّ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لاَ تَقُلْ ذَاكَ أَلاَ تَرَاهُ قَالَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ يَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ أَمَّا نَحْنُ فَوَاللَّهِ لاَ نَرَى وُدَّهُ وَلاَ حَدِيثَهُ إِلاَّ إِلَى الْمُنَافِقِينَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ حَرَّمَ عَلَى النَّارِ مَنْ قَالَ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ يَبْتَغِي بِذَلِكَ وَجْهَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَحْمُودٌ فَحَدَّثْتُهَا قَوْمًا فِيهِمْ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَتِهِ الَّتِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهَا وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ مُعَاوِيَةَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِأَرْضِ الرُّومِ فَأَنْكَرَهَا عَلَىَّ أَبُو أَيُّوبَ قَالَ وَاللَّهِ مَا أَظُنُّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ مَا قُلْتَ قَطُّ فَكَبُرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَىَّ فَجَعَلْتُ لِلَّهِ عَلَىَّ إِنْ سَلَّمَنِي حَتَّى أَقْفُلَ مِنْ غَزْوَتِي أَنْ أَسْأَلَ عَنْهَا عِتْبَانَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ ؓ إِنْ وَجَدْتُهُ حَيًّا فِي مَسْجِدِ قَوْمِهِ فَقَفَلْتُ فَأَهْلَلْتُ بِحَجَّةٍ أَوْ بِعُمْرَةٍ ثُمَّ سِرْتُ حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَأَتَيْتُ بَنِي سَالِمٍ فَإِذَا عِتْبَانُ شَيْخٌ أَعْمَى يُصَلِّي لِقَوْمِهِ فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ مِنَ الصَّلاَةِ سَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ مَنْ أَنَا ثُمَّ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ الْحَدِيثِ فَحَدَّثَنِيهِ كَمَا حَدَّثَنِيهِ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ

One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appeared before the public so a man came to him and then said: Prophet of Allah, what is Iman? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm your faith in the Resurrection hereafter. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Islam? He replied: Al-Islam is that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him and you establish obligatory prayer and you pay the obligatory alms (Zakat) and you observe the fast of Ramadan. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Ihsan? He replied: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and for if you fail to see Him. He said: Messenger of Allah, when is the Hour (of Doom)? He replied: The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer, however I will narrate some of its signs to you. When the slave-girl will give birth to her master, then that is from its signs. When the naked, barefooted would become the chiefs of the people, then that is from its signs. When the shepherds of the black (camels) would exult themselves in buildings, then that is from its signs. (The Hour is) Among one of the five which no one knows but Allah. Then he recited (the verse): "Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs. And no soul knows what it shall earn tomorrow, and a soul knows not in what land it shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware." He (Abu Huraira) said: Then the person turned back and went away. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Bring that man back to me. They went to bring him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this the Messenger of Allah remarked: he was Gabriel, who came to teach the people their religion.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الآخِرِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ الإِسْلاَمُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ وَلاَ تُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاَةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَتُؤَدِّيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لاَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ سَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رِعَاءُ الْبَهْمِ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ تَلاَ ﷺ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَىِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} قَالَ ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رُدُّوا عَلَىَّ الرَّجُلَ فَأَخَذُوا لِيَرُدُّوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ

Ask me (about religious matters), but they (the Companions) were in awe of asking him. Then came a man, and sat near his knees and said: O Messenger of Allah, what is al-Islam? So he (the Holy Prophet) replied: [That] you do not associate anything with Allah, and establish the prayer, pay the alms (Zakat) and fast Ramadan. He said: You (have) told the truth. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Iman (Faith)? He said: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Apostles, and that you believe in Resurrection and that you believe in Qadr (Divine Decree) in all its entirety. He (the inquirer) said: You have told the truth. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Ihsan? Upon this he said: that you fear Allah as if you are seeing Him, and though you see Him not, verily He is seeing you. He (the inquirer) said: You (have) told the truth. He (the inquirer) said: When will the Hour (of Doom) occur? He said: The one who is being asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer and I will narrate some of its signs to you. When you see a [slave] woman giving birth to her master - then that is [one] of its signs. And when you see barefooted, naked, deaf and dumb (ignorant and foolish persons) as the rulers of the earth - then that is [one] of its signs. And when you see the shepherds of black (camels) exult in buildings - then that is [one] of its signs. The (Hour) is one of the five things of the unseen. No one knows them except Allah. Then (the Holy Prophet) recited (the folowing verse):" Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs. And no soul knows what it shall earn on the morrow and a soul knows not in what land it shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware." He (Abu Huraira) said: Then the person stood up (and made his way). Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Bring him back to me. He was searched for, but they could not find him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ thereupon said: He was Gabriel and he wanted to teach you when you did not ask.

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَلُونِي فَهَابُوهُ أَنْ يَسْأَلُوهُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَجَلَسَ عِنْدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِسْلاَمُ قَالَ لاَ تُشْرِكُ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلاَةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِيمَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلاَئِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا الإِحْسَانُ قَالَ أَنْ تَخْشَى اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لاَ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَتَى تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَسَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْمَرْأَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الصُّمَّ الْبُكْمَ مُلُوكَ الأَرْضِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَ رِعَاءَ الْبَهْمِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ مِنَ الْغَيْبِ لاَ يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ { إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَىِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} قَالَ ثُمَّ قَامَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رُدُّوهُ عَلَىَّ فَالْتُمِسَ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ أَرَادَ أَنْ تَعَلَّمُوا إِذْ لَمْ تَسْأَلُوا

Abu ʿAbdur-Rahman as-Sulami and Hibban bin ʿAtiyyah had a dispute. ʿAbdur-Rahman said to Hibban: I know what made your companion - meaning ʿAli ؓ - audacious. He said: What is it, may you be bereft of your father? He said. Something I heard ʿAli ؓ say. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent me, az-Zubair and Abu Marthad on a mission, and we were all horsemen. He said: ʿGo to Rawdat Khakh, for there you will find a woman who has a letter with her from Hatib bin Abi Baltaʿah to the mushrikeen; bring it to me.ʿ So we went on our horses until we caught up with her where the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had told us, travelling on a camel of hers. He [Hatib] had written to the people of Makkah, telling them about the march of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. We said to her. Where is the letter you have with you? She said: I do not have any letter. We made her camel kneel down and searched her luggage for it, but we did not find anything. My two companions said: We do not see any letter with her, I said: You know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not tell a lie. Then I swore: By the One by whom oaths are sworn, you will give us the letter or we will remove your clothes. She stretched out her hand to her girdle, which was wrapped around her, and brought out the letter. I brought it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and they said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he has betrayed Allah and His Messenger and the believers; let me strike his neck. He said: ʿO Hatib, what made you do what you did?ʿ He said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, by Allah, it is not that I do not believe in Allah and His Messenger, but I wanted to do a favour for the people by means of which Allah might protect my family and my property, for every one of your Companions has some of his people there through whom Allah will protect his family and his property. He said: You have spoken the truth, do not say anything to him but good.ʿ ʻUmar said: O, Messenger of Allah, he betrayed Allah and His Messenger and the believers, let me strike his neck. He said. ʿls he not one of the people of Badr? How do you know? Perhaps Allah looked upon them and said. “Do what you like, for Paradise is guaranteed for you.ʻʼ ʻUmarʻs eyes filled with tears and he said: Allah, may He be exalted, and His Messenger know best.

أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ لِحِبَّانَ قَدْ عَلِمْتُ مَا الَّذِي جَرَّأَ صَاحِبَكَ يَعْنِي عَلِيًّا قَالَ فَمَا هُوَ لَا أَبَا لَكَ؟ قَالَ قَوْلٌ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُهُ قَالَ بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَالزُّبَيْرَ وَأَبَا مَرْثَدٍ وَكُلُّنَا فَارِسٌ قَالَ انْطَلِقُوا حَتَّى تَبْلُغُوا رَوْضَةَ خَاخٍ فَإِنَّ فِيهَا امْرَأَةً مَعَهَا صَحِيفَةٌ مِنْ حَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَأْتُونِي بِهَا فَانْطَلَقْنَا عَلَى أَفْرَاسِنَا حَتَّى أَدْرَكْنَاهَا حَيْثُ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ تَسِيرُ عَلَى بَعِيرٍ لَهَا قَالَ وَكَانَ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَهْلِ مَكَّةَبِمَسِيرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقُلْنَا لَهَا أَيْنَ الْكِتَابُ الَّذِي مَعَكِ؟ قَالَتْ مَا مَعِي كِتَابٌ فَأَنَخْنَا بِهَا بَعِيرَهَا فَابْتَغَيْنَا فِي رَحْلِهَا فَلَمْ نَجِدْ فِيهِ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ صَاحِبَايَ مَا نَرَى مَعَهَا كِتَابًا فَقُلْتُ لَقَدْ عَلِمْتُمَا مَا كَذَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ حَلَفْتُ وَالَّذِي أَحْلِفُ بِهِ لَئِنْ لَمْ تُخْرِجِي الْكِتَابَ لاجَرِّدَنَّكِ فَأَهْوَتْ إِلَى حُجْزَتِهَا وَهِيَ مُحْتَجِزَةٌ بِكِسَاءٍ فَأَخْرَجَتِ الصَّحِيفَةَ فَأَتَوْا بِهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ خَانَ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ دَعْنِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ قَالَ يَا حَاطِبُ مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ؟ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَاللهِ مَا بِي أَنْ لَا أَكُونَ مُؤْمِنًا بِاللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ وَلَكِنِّي أَرَدْتُ أَنْ تَكُونَ لِي عِنْدَ الْقَوْمِ يَدٌ يَدْفَعُ اللهُ بِهَا عَنْ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي وَلَمْ يَكُنْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ إِلَّا لَهُ هُنَاكَ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ مَنْ يَدْفَعُ اللهُ تَعَالَى بِهِ عَنْ أَهْلِهِ وَمَالِهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَلا تَقُولُوا لَهُ إِلا خَيْرًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ خَانَ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ دَعْنِي أَضْرِبْ عُنُقَهُ قَالَ أَوَلَيْسَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ؟ وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّ اللهَ ﷻ اطَّلَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَدْ وَجَبَتْ لَكُمِ الْجَنَّةُ فَاغْرَوْرَقَتْ عَيْنَا عُمَرَ وَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ

ʼUmar bin al-Khattab ؓ told me: Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ one day, a man came to us whose garment was exceedingly white and whose hair was exceedingly black, and we did not see any signs of travel on him, and none of us knew who he was. He came and sat before the Prophet ﷺ, resting his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs. He said: O Muhammad, tell me about Islam: what is Islam? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: ʿIslam means to bear witness that there is no god except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, to establish regular prayer, to pay zakali, to fast Ramadan and to perform pilgrimage to the House (the Kaʿbah), if you have the means.ʿ He said: You have spoken the truth. He (‘Umar) said: It amazed us, how he questioned him and said that he had spoken the truth. He said: Tell me about faith (Eeman). He said: ʿFaith is to believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in al-qadar (the divine will and decree), both good and bad.ʿ He said: You have spoken the truth. He said: Tell me about ihsan: what is ilisan? - Yazeed said: - ʿIt is to worship Allah as if you can see Him, for although you cannot see Ilim, He sees you.ʿ He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: “The one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.” He said: Then tell me about its signs. Ise said: ʿWhen the slave woman gives birth to her mistress, and when you see the barefoot, naked, destitute shepherds competing in the construction of lofty buildings.” He [Umar] said: Then he went away. He sumar waited for a while - Yazeed said: three (days). Then he (the Prophet ﷺ said to me: ʿOʿUmar, do you know who that questioner was?ʿ I said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He said: “That was Jibreel, who came to you to teach you your religion.ʿ Ibn ‘Umar said. ʿUmar ؓ told us: We were sitting with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he mentioned the same hadeeth, except that he said: No signs of travel were to be seen on him. And he- said: ʿUmar said: 1 waited for three (days), then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “oʻUmar...”

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ عِنْدَ نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيْنَا رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعَرِ لَا يُرَى قَالَ يَزِيدُ لَا نَرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرَ السَّفَرِ وَلا يَعْرِفُهُ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ إِلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلامِ مَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ فَقَالَ الْإِسْلامُ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلًا قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُقَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَقَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ يَزِيدُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَاتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ قَالَ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ قَالَ فَلَبِثْتُ مَلِيًّا قَالَ يَزِيدُ ثَلاثًا فَقَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ؟ قَالَ قُلْتُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُأَعْلَمُ قَالَ فَإِنَّهُ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ

l said to Ibn ʿUmar. We travel to different countries and we meet people who say there is no qadar (divine decree), Ibn ʿUmar said: If you meet them, tell them that ʿAbdullah bin ʿUmar has nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with him-three times. Then he started narrating Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , there came a man... and he described his appearance, The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Come closer, so he came closer. He said: Come closer, so he came closer. He said: Come closer, so he came closer, until his knees were nearly touching [the Prophet ﷺʿs] knees. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, tell me what is faith [or about faith]. He said: “To believe in Allah. His Angels, His Books, His Messengers, the Last Day, and to believe in al-qadar.ʿ - Sufyan said: I think he said: ʿ... both good and bad.ʿ He said: What is Islam? He said: “To establish prayer, pay zakah, perform pilgrimage to the House, to fast Ramadan and to do ghusl in the case of janabah.ʿ For all of that, he [the stranger] said: You are right, you are right. The people said: We never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than this man did. It was as if he was teaching the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then he said: O Messenger of Allah, tell me about ihsan.He said: “It is to worship Allah as if you see Him, for even if you do not see Him. He sees you.ʿ For all of that we said: We never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than this man did, he said: You are right, you are right. He said: Tell me about the Hour. He said: “The one who is asked about it does not know more about it than one who is asking.ʿ He said: You are right. He said it several times, and we never saw any man show more respect to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ than this man did. Then he left. Sufyan said: I heard that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Look for him,” but they did not find him. IIe said: ʿThat was Jihree who came to you to teach you your religion. He never came to me in any form but I recognised him, except for this form.” It was narrated that Ibn Ya’mar said: I asked Ibn ʿUmar-or a man asked him: We travel in this land and we meet people who say, There is no qadar (divine decree), Ibn ʿUmar said: If you meet those people, tell them that ‘Abdullah bin ʿUmar has nothing to do with them and they have nothing to do with him - he said it three times. Then he told us. Whilst we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a man came and said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, may I draw closer? He said: ʿCome closer.ʿ So he came a little closer, then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, may I come closer? He said: ʿCome closer.” So he came a little closer, then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, may I come closer? He said: ʿCome closer.” So he came a little closer until his knees were almost touching the knees of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ, what is faith? - and he mentioned a similar report.

أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنْهُ بُرَآءُ ثَلاثًا ثُمَّ أَنْشَأَ يُحَدِّثُ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺفَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَذَكَرَ مِنْ هَيْئَتِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا فَقَالَ ادْنُهْ فَدَنَا حَتَّى كَادَ رُكْبَتَاهُ تَمَسَّانِ رُكْبَتَيْهِفَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ أَوْ عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَتُؤْمِنُ بِالْقَدَرِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ أُرَاهُ قَالَ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ قَالَ إِقَامُ الصَّلاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصِيَامُ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ وَغُسْلٌ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ الْقَوْمُ مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا كَأَنَّهُ يُعَلِّمُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ أَوْ تَعْبُدَهُ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ كُلُّ ذَلِكَ نَقُولُ مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا فَيَقُولُ صَدَقْتَ صَدَقْتَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِرَارًا مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ مِنْ هَذَا ثُمَّ وَلَّىقَالَ سُفْيَانُ فَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْتَمِسُوهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ قَالَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ مَا أَتَانِي فِي صُورَةٍ إِلَّا عَرَفْتُهُ غَيْرَ هَذِهِ الصُّورَةِ

We met 'Abdullah bin 'Umar and discussed the divine decree (al qadar) and what others said concerning it. He said: When you go back to them, say; Ibn ‘Umar has nothing to do with you and you have nothing to do with him - three times. Then he said: ‘Umar bin al Khattab ؓ ­­ told me that whilst they were sitting with the Prophet ﷺ ­, a man came to him walking, with a handsome face and hair, wearing white clothes. The people looked at one another (as if to say): We do not know this man and he does not look like a traveller. Then he said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , shall I come to you? He said: ʿYes.ʿ So he came and put his knees against his knees and his hands on his thighs and said: What is Islam? He said: ʿTo testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , to establish regular prayer, to give zakah, to fast Ramadan and to go on pilgrimage to the House.ʿ He said: What is faith (eeman)? He said: “To believe in Allah, His angels, Paradise and Hell, resurrection after death and the divine decree, all of it.” He said: What is ihsan? He said: ʿTo strive for the sake of Allah as if you see Him, and even though you do not see Him, He sees you.ʿ He said: When will the Hour come? He said: ʿThe one who is asked about it does not know more than the one who is asking.” He said: What are its portents? He said: ʿWhen the destitute, barefoot, naked shepherds compete in constructing lofty buildings, and the slave women give birth to their masters.” Then he said: ʿCall the man to me.” They looked for him but they saw no trace of him. Two or three days passed, then he said: “O Ibn al­ Khattab, do you know who that was who asked about such and such?” He said: Allah and His Messenger know best. He said: ʿThat was Jibreel who came to teach you your religion.ʿ A man from Juhainah or Muzainah asked him: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , what are we striving for? Is it something that is already decided or is it something that is evolving right now? He said:ʿFor some-­thing that is already decided.ʿ The man or one of the people said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ , then why should we strive? He said: “The people of Paradise will be enabled to do the deeds of the people of Paradise and the people of Hell will be enabled to do the deeds of the people of Hell.ʿ Yahya said: And that is how it is.

أَخْبَرَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُمْ بَيْنمَا هُمْ جُلُوسٌ أَوْ قُعُودٌ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ حَسَنُ الشَّعْرِ عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابُ بَيَاضٍ فَنَظَرَ الْقَوْمُ بَعْضُهُمْ إِلَى بَعْضٍ مَا نَعْرِفُ هَذَا وَمَا هَذَا بِصَاحِبِ سَفَرٍثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ آتِيكَ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَجَاءَ فَوَضَعَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ عِنْدَ رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَيَدَيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ فَقَالَ مَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ قَالَ شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلائِكَتِهِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ لِلَّهِ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَمَا أَشْرَاطُهَا؟ قَالَ إِذَا الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ الْعَالَةُ رِعَاءُ الشَّاءِ تَطَاوَلُوا فِي الْبُنْيَانِ وَوَلَدَتِ الْإِمَاءُ أَرْبَابَهُنَّ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ عَلَيَّ الرَّجُلَ فَطَلَبُوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَمَكَثَ يَوْمَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلاثَةً ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ عَنْ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ قَالَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ قَالَ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةَ أَوْ من مُزَيْنَةَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَ نَعْمَلُ أَفِي شَيْءٍ قَدْ خَلا أَوْ مَضَى أَوْ فِي شَيْءٍ يُسْتَأْنَفُ الْآنَ؟ قَالَ فِي شَيْءٍ قَدْ خَلا أَوْ مَضَى فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ أَوْ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فِيمَ نَعْمَلُ؟ قَالَ أَهْلُ الْجَنَّةِ يُيَسَّرُونَ لِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ وَأَهْلُ النَّارِ يُيَسَّرُونَ لِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ قَالَ يَحْيَى قَالَ هُوَ كَذَا

[Machine] My uncle, Baraz, stood out on the day of Khaybar and greeted the Jew. He said, "Welcome, O Jew." The Jew replied, "Welcome indeed, O Baraz. Khaybar knows that I am a welcomed warrior, a tested champion. When the battles are ignited, I become ablaze."

My uncle, Aamir, responded, "Welcome, O Baraz. Khaybar knows that I am an experienced warrior, a daring hero."

They exchanged two strikes, and Baraz's sword fell on Aamir's shield. It slid down and accidentally cut his ankle, severing his tendon. Baraz said, "Salama bin Al-Akwa' was there, and I met some of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ . They said, 'Aamir's actions have come to an end; he has killed himself.' Salama said, 'So I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ crying. I said, 'O Messenger of Allah, Aamir's actions have come to an end.' The Prophet ﷺ asked, 'Who said that?' I said, 'Some of your companions.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Whoever said that has lied. Rather, he will be rewarded twice. When he went to Khaybar, he was reciting poetry about the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he was among them, and yet they were saying, 'By Allah, if it weren't for Allah, we would not have been guided, nor would we have been charitable, nor would we have prayed. Indeed, when those who transgress against us desire evil, we defend ourselves, seeking no help from your favor. So stand firm, for we shall meet them and send down tranquility upon us.'"

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Who is this person?' They said, 'It is Aamir, O Messenger of Allah.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'May your Lord forgive you.'

Upon hearing this, Umar ibn Al-Khattab said, 'O Messenger of Allah, if you grant us respite with Aamir, he should be given the opportunity to be martyred.' Salama said, 'Then the Prophet ﷺ sent me to Ali and said, 'I will bestow the flag upon a man who loves Allah and His Messenger, or whom Allah and His Messenger love.' I brought Ali, and I led him. He spitted in the Prophet's ﷺ eye and then received the flag. Marhaba went forward, swinging his sword and reciting poetry. He said, 'Khaybar surely knows that I am Marhaba, the champion wielding the weapon. When the battles are ignited, I become ablaze.' Ali responded, 'I am the one whom my mother named Haydar. I am like the thorny bush, unpleasant to the sight. I repay them measure for measure, like weighing the sandam. So I split Marhaba's head with my sword, and the victory was through my hands.'"

بَارَزَ عَمِّي يَوْمَ خَيْبَرَ مَرْحَبًا الْيَهُودِيُّ فَقَالَ مَرْحَبٌ[البحر الرجز]قَدْ عَلِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ أَنِّي مَرْحَبُ شَاكِي السِّلَاحِ بَطَلٌ مُجَرَّبُإِذَا الْحُرُوبُ أَقْبَلَتْ تَلَهَّبُفَقَالَ عَمِّي عَامِرٌ[البحر الرجز]قَدْ عَلِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ أَنِّي عَامِرُ شَاكِي السِّلَاحِ بَطَلٌ مُغَامِرُفَاخْتَلَفَا ضَرْبَتَيْنِ فَوَقَعَ سَيْفُ مَرْحَبٍ فِي تُرْسِ عَامِرٍ وَذَهَبَ يَسْفُلُ لَهُ فَرَجَعَ السَّيْفُ عَلَى سَاقِهِ فَقَطَعَ أَكْحَلَهُ فَكَانَتْ فِيهَا نَفْسُهُ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ فَلَقِيتُ نَاسًا مِنْ صَحَابَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالُوا بَطَلَ عَمَلُ عَامِرٍ قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ فَجِئْتُ إِلَى نَبِيِّ اللهِ ﷺ أَبْكِي قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَطَلَ عَمَلُ عَامِرٍ قَالَ مَنْ قَالَ ذَاكَ؟ قُلْتُ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِكَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَذَبَ مَنْ قَالَ ذَاكَ بَلْ لَهُ أَجْرُهُ مَرَّتَيْنِ إِنَّهُ حِينَ خَرَجَ إِلَىخَيْبَرَ جَعَلَ يَرْجُزُ بِأَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَفِيهِمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَسُوقُ الرِّكَابَ وَهُوَ يَقُولُتَالَلَّهِ لَوْلَا اللهُ مَا اهْتَدَيْنَا وَلَا تَصَدَّقْنَا وَلَا صَلَّيْنَاإِنَّ الَّذِينَ قَدْ بَغَوْا عَلَيْنَا إِذَا أَرَادُوا فِتْنَةً أَبَيْنَاوَنَحْنُ عَنْ فَضْلِكَ مَا اسْتَغْنَيْنَا فَثَبِّتِ الْأَقْدَامَ إِنْ لَاقَيْنَاوَأَنْزِلَنْ سَكِينَةً عَلَيْنَافَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ عَامِرٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ غَفَرَ لَكَ رَبُّكَ قَالَ وَمَا اسْتَغْفَرَ لِإِنْسَانٍ قَطُّ يَخُصُّهُ إِلَّا اسْتُشْهِدَ فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَوْ مَتَّعْتَنَا بِعَامِرٍ فَقَدِمَ فَاسْتُشْهِدَ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ ثُمَّ إِنَّ نَبِيَّ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَنِي إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ لَأُعْطِيَنَّ الرَّايَةَ الْيَوْمَ رَجُلًا يُحِبُّ اللهَ وَرَسُولَهُ أَوْ يُحِبُّهُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قَالَ فَجِئْتُ بِهِ أَقُودُهُ أَرْمَدَ فَبَصَقَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ فِي عَيْنِهِ ثُمَّ أَعْطَاهُ الرَّايَةَ فَخَرَجَ مَرْحَبٌ يَخْطِرُ بِسَيْفِهِ فَقَالَقَدْ عَلِمَتْ خَيْبَرُ أَنِّي مَرْحَبُ شَاكِي السِّلَاحِ بَطَلٌ مُجَرَّبُإِذَا الْحُرُوبُ أَقْبَلَتْ تَلَهَّبُفَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ الرجز]أَنَا الَّذِي سَمَّتْنِي أُمِّي حَيْدَرَهْ كَلَيْثِ غَابَاتٍ كَرِيهِ الْمَنْظَرَهْأُوفِيهِمُ بِالصَّاعِ كَيْلَ السَّنْدَرَهْفَفَلَقَ رَأْسَ مَرْحَبٍ بِالسَّيْفِ وَكَانَ الْفَتْحُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ

My father told me that he was a companion of Abu Darda'. There was in Damascus a man from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ, called Ibn al-Hanzaliyyah. He was a recluse and rarely met the people. He remained engaged in prayer. When he was not praying he was occupied in glorifying Allah and exalting Him until he went to his family. Once he passed us when we were with AbudDarda'. AbudDarda' said to him: Tell us a word which benefits us and does not harm you. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent out a contingent and it came back. One of the men came and sat in the place where the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to sit, and he said to a man beside him: Would that you saw us when we met the enemy and so-and-so attacked and cut through a lance. He said: Take it from me and I am a boy of the tribe Ghifar. What do you think about his statement? He replied: I think his reward was lost. Another man heard it and said: I do not think that there is any harm in it. They quarrelled until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard it, and he said: Glory be to Allah! There is no harm if he is rewarded and praised. I saw that AbudDarda' was pleased with it and began to raise his hand to him and say: Did you hear it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? He said: Yes. He continued to repeat it to him so often that I thought he was going to kneel down. He said: On another day he again passed us. AbudDarda' said to him: (Tell us) a word which benefits us and does not harm you. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: One who spends on (the maintenance of) horses (for jihad) is like the one who spreads his hand to give alms (sadaqah) and does not withhold it. He then passed us on another day. AbudDarda' said to him: (Tell us) a word which benefits us and does no harm to you. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Khuraym al-Asadi would be a fine man were it not for the length of his hair, which reaches the shoulders, and the way he lets his lower garment hang down. When Khuraym heard that, he hurriedly, took a knife, cut his hair in line with his ears and raised his lower garment half way up his legs. He then passed us on another day. AbudDarda' said to him: (tell us) a word which benefits us and does not harm you. He said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: You are coming to your brethren; so tidy your mounts and tidy your dress, until you are like a mole among the people. Allah does not like obscene words or deeds, or do intentional committing of obscenity. Abu Dawud said: Similarly, Abu Nu'aim narrated from Hisham. He said: Until you will be like a mole among the people. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4089)

كَانَ بِدِمَشْقَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُقَالُ لَهُ ابْنُ الْحَنْظَلِيَّةِ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا مُتَوَحِّدًا قَلَّمَا يُجَالِسُ النَّاسَ إِنَّمَا هُوَ فِي صَلَاةٍ فَإِذَا فَرَغَ فَإِنَّمَا يُسَبِّحُ وَيُكَبِّرُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ أَهْلَهُ فَمَرَّ بِنَا يَوْمًا وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ كَلِمَةً تَنْفَعُنَا وَلَا تَضُرُّكَ قَالَ بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً فَقَدِمْتُ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَجَلَسَ فِي الْمَجْلِسِ الَّذِي فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِرَجُلٍ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ لَوْ رَأَيْتَنَا حِينَ الْتَقَيْنَا نَحْنُ وَالْعَدُوَّ فَحَمَلَ فُلَانٌ فَطَعَنَ فَقَالَ خُذْهَا وَأَنَا الْغُلَامُ الْغِفَارِيُّ كَيْفَ تَرَى فِي قَوْلِهِ؟ قَالَ مَا أُرَاهُ إِلَّا قَدْ أَبْطَلَ أَجْرَهُ فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ آخَرُ فَقَالَ مَا أَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا فَتَنَازَعَا حَتَّى سَمِعَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ سُبْحَانَاللهِ لَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُحْمَدَ وَيُؤْجَرَ قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ سُرَّ بِذَلِكَ وَجَعَلَ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ إِلَيْهِ وَيَقُولُ أَنْتَ سَمِعْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَيَقُولُ نَعَمْ فَمَا زَالَ يُعِيدُ عَلَيْهِ حَتَّى إِنِّي لَأَقُولُ لَيَبْرُكَنَّ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِنَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ كَلِمَةً تَنْفَعُنَا وَلَا تَضُرُّكَ قَالَ قَالَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّ الْمُنْفِقَ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ كَبَاسِطِ يَدِهِ بِالصَّدَقَةِ لَا يَقْبِضُهَا قَالَ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِنَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ كَلِمَةً تَنْفَعُنَا وَلَا تَضُرُّكَ فَقَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ نِعْمَ الرَّجُلُ خُرَيْمٌ الْأَسَدِيُّ لَوْلَا طُولُ جُمَّتِهِ وَإِسْبَالُ إِزَارِهِ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ خُرَيْمًا فَجَعَلَ يَأْخُذُ شَفْرَةً فَيَقْطَعُ بِهَا شَعَرَهُ إِلَى أَنْصَافِ أُذُنَيْهِ وَرَفَعَ إِزَارَهُ إِلَى أَنْصَافِ سَاقَيْهِ قَالَ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي قَالَ دَخَلْتُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مُعَاوِيَةَ فَإِذَا عِنْدَهُ شَيْخٌ جُمَّتُهُ فَوْقَ أُذُنَيْهِ وَرِدَاؤُهُ إِلَى سَاقَيْهِ فَسَأَلْتُ عَنْهُ فَقَالُوا هَذَا خُرَيْمٌ الْأَسَدِيُّ قَالَ ثُمَّ مَرَّ بِنَا يَوْمًا آخَرَ وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَ أَبِي الدَّرْدَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو الدَّرْدَاءِ كَلِمَةً تَنْفَعُنَا وَلَا تَضُرُّكَ فَقَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّكُمْ قَادِمُونَ عَلَى إِخْوَانِكُمْ فَأَصْلِحُوا رِحَالَكُمْ وَأَصْلِحُوا لِبَاسَكُمْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْفُحْشَ وَلَا التَّفَحُّشَ

[Machine] "A man said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?' He ﷺ said, 'To surrender your heart to Allah and for the Muslims to be safe from your tongue and hand.' He then asked, 'Which Islam is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'Iman (faith).' He asked, 'And what is Iman?' He ﷺ said, 'To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, and the Day of Resurrection.' He asked, 'Which Iman is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'Hijrah (migration).' He asked, 'And what is Hijrah?' He ﷺ said, 'To abandon what is evil.' He asked, 'Which Hijrah is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'Jihad (striving).' He asked, 'And what is Jihad?' He ﷺ said, 'To fight the disbelievers when you meet them.' He asked, 'Which Jihad is the best?' He ﷺ said, 'The one who fights with his wealth and life.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, 'These two actions are the best of deeds, except for those who perform deeds similar to them, such as a Hajj that is accepted or an 'Umrah that is performed sincerely.'"

رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ قَلْبُكَ لِلَّهِ ﷻ وَأَنْ يَسْلَمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ لِسَانِكَ وَيَدِكَ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْإِسْلَامِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ قَالَ وَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْإِيمَانِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْهِجْرَةُ قَالَ فَمَا الْهِجْرَةُ؟ قَالَ تَهْجُرُ السُّوءَ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْهِجْرَةِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ الْجِهَادُ قَالَ وَمَا الْجِهَادُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُقَاتِلَ الْكُفَّارَ إِذَا لَقِيتَهُمْ قَالَ فَأَيُّ الْجِهَادِ أَفْضَلُ؟ قَالَ مَنْ عُقِرَ جَوَادُهُ وَأُهْرِيقَ دَمُهُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ عَمَلَانِ هُمَا أَفْضَلُ الْأَعْمَالِ إِلَّا مَنْ عَمِلَ بِمِثْلِهِمَا حَجَّةٌ مَبْرُورَةٌ أَوْ عُمْرَةٌ

[Machine] On the authority of 'Amir, Abu 'Amir, or Abu Malik, that the Prophet ﷺ was sitting in a gathering with his companions when Gabriel came to him in a different form, appearing as a man from the Muslims. Gabriel greeted him and the Prophet ﷺ returned the greeting. Then Gabriel placed his hand on the Prophet's knee and asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to submit your face to Allah, to bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is His servant and messenger, to establish the prayer, give the obligatory charity (zakat)." Gabriel asked again, "So if I do this, have I become a Muslim?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." Then Gabriel asked, "What is faith?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to believe in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Divine Books, the prophets, life after death, heaven, hell, and fate, both its good and bad." Gabriel asked again, "So if I do this, have I believed?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." Then Gabriel asked, "What is excellence (ihsan), O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, then truly He sees you." Gabriel asked again, "So if I do this, have I excelled?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." And we heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ return to him, but we could not see the one speaking to him, nor could we hear his words. The questioner asked, "O Messenger of Allah, when is the Hour?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Glory be to Allah, it has five signs which only Allah knows: Allah possesses knowledge of the Hour, He sends down rain, He knows what is in the wombs, no soul knows what it will earn tomorrow, and no soul knows in which land it will die. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted." (Surah Luqman, 34) The questioner then said, "O Messenger of Allah, if you wish, I can inform you of two signs that will precede it." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Inform me." The questioner said, "When you see a slave woman giving birth to her mistress, and when you see the barefooted, naked, impoverished shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings." The questioner asked, "And who are they, O Messenger of Allah?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "The Bedouins." Then he turned away, and when we did not see him on his way back, we said, "Glory be to Allah! This is Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion. The hand of Muhammad is in the hand of Gabriel, every time he came to him, I had not received any message except that I already knew it, except for this time."

عَنْ عَامِرٍ أَوْ أَبِي عَامِرٍ أَوْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بَيْنَمَا هُوَ جَالِسٌ فِي مَجْلِسٍ فِيهِ أَصْحَابُهُ جَاءَهُ جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فِي غَيْرِ صُورَتِهِ يَحْسِبُهُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامَ ثُمَّ وَضَعَ جِبْرِيلُ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَالَ لَهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ فَقَالَ أَنْ تُسْلِمَ وَجْهَكَ لِلَّهِ وَأَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَالْمَوْتِ وَالْحَيَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَحْسَنْتُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَنَسْمَعُ رَجْعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَيْهِ وَلَا يُرَى الَّذِي يُكَلِّمُهُ وَلَا يُسْمَعُ كَلَامُهُ قَالَ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ خَمْسٌ مِنَ الْغَيْبِ لَا يَعْلَمُهَا إِلَّا اللهُ ﷻ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} [لقمان 34] فَقَالَ السَّائِلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ بِعَلَامَتَيْنِ تَكُونَانِ قَبْلَهَا؟ فَقَالَ حَدِّثْنِي فَقَالَ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْأَمَةَ تَلِدُ رَبَّهَا وَيَطُولُ أَهْلُ الْبُنْيَانِبِالْبُنْيَانِ وَعَادَ الْعَالَةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ قَالَ وَمَنْ أُولَئِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ الْعَرِيبُ قَالَ ثُمَّ وَلَّى فَلَمَّا لَمْ نَرَ طَرِيقَهُ بَعْدُ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ ثَلَاثًا هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ مُحَمَّدٍ بِيَدِهِ مَا جَاءَنِي قَطُّ إِلَّا وَأَنَا أَعْرِفُهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ هَذِهِ الْمَرَّةُ

[Machine] "We went out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and when we reached outside the city, we saw a rider approaching us. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'It seems that this rider wants to meet you.' The man came to us, greeted us, and we returned his greeting. The Prophet ﷺ asked him, 'Where are you coming from?' He replied, 'From my family, children, and tribe.' The Prophet ﷺ asked, 'Where are you going?' He said, 'I intend to meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'You have indeed met him.' The man asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, teach me about faith.' The Prophet ﷺ said, 'Faith is to testify that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish the prayer, pay the Zakat, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj.' The man said, 'I have accepted.' Then, his camel entered a net of rats, causing the camel and the man to fall and he died. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Hold me responsible for this man.' 'Ammaar ibn Yaasir and Hudhayfah helped place him in a sitting position. They said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, 'He has already passed away.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away from them and said, 'Didn't you see me turning away from him? I saw two angels pressing fruits of Paradise for him, so I knew that he died while hungry.' Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'By Allah, he is from those mentioned by Allah in the verse: 'Those who believed and did not mix their faith with injustice, for them is security, and they are rightly guided.' (Surah Al-Anaam, 6:82)' He added, 'Bury your brother. We carried him to water, washed him, shrouded him, and took him to his grave.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and sat at the edge of the grave and said, 'Stay strong and do not tear your garments, for we will go through this grief and others will suffer it.'"

خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلَمَّا بَرَزْنَا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ إِذَا رَاكِبٌ يُوضِعُ نَحْوَنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَأَنَّ هَذَا الرَّاكِبَ إِيَّاكُمْ يُرِيدُ قَالَ فَانْتَهَى الرَّجُلُ إِلَيْنَا فَسَلَّمَ فَرَدَدْنَا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ أَيْنَ أَقْبَلْتَ؟ قَالَ مِنْ أَهْلِي وَوَلَدِي وَعَشِيرَتِي قَالَ فَأَيْنَ تُرِيدُ؟ قَالَ أُرِيدُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَقَدْ أَصَبْتَهُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلِّمْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟قَالَ تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ قَدْ أَقْرَرْتُ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ بَعِيرَهُ دَخَلَتْ يَدُهُ فِي شَبَكَةِ جُرْذَانٍ فَهَوَى بَعِيرُهُ وَهَوَى الرَّجُلُ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى هَامَتِهِ فَمَاتَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ قَالَ فَوَثَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ وَحُذَيْفَةُ فَأَقْعَدَاهُ فَقَالَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قُبِضَ الرَّجُلُ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَا رَأَيْتُمَا إِعْرَاضِي عَنِ الرَّجُلِ فَإِنِّي رَأَيْتُ مَلَكَيْنِ يَدُسَّانِ فِي فِيهِ مِنْ ثِمَارِ الْجَنَّةِ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ مَاتَ جَائِعًا ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذَا وَاللهِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يَلْبِسُوا إِيمَانَهُمْ بِظُلْمٍ أُولَئِكَ لَهُمُ الْأَمْنُ وَهُمْ مُهْتَدُونَ} [الأنعام 82] قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ دُونَكُمْ أَخَاكُمْ قَالَ فَاحْتَمَلْنَاهُ إِلَى الْمَاءِ فَغَسَّلْنَاهُ وَحَنَّطْنَاهُ وَكَفَّنَّاهُ وَحَمَلْنَاهُ إِلَى الْقَبْرِ قَالَ فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى جَلَسَ عَلَى شَفِيرِ الْقَبْرِ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَلْحِدُوا وَلَا تَشُقُّوا فَإِنَّ اللَّحْدَ لَنَا وَالشَّقَّ لِغَيْرِنَا

AbuNadrah reported: An old man of Tufawah said to me: I was a guest of AbuHurayrah at Medina. I did not find any one of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ more devoted to worship and more hospitable than AbuHurayrah. One day I was with him when he was sitting on his bed. He had a purse which contained pebbles or kernels. A black slave-girl of his was sitting below. Counting them he was glorifying Allah. When the pebbles or the kernels in the purse were finished, she gathered them and put them again in the purse, and gave it to him. He said: Should I not tell you about me and about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? I said: Yes. He said: Once when I was laid up with fever in the mosque, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and entered the mosque, and said: Who saw the youth of ad-Daws. He said this three times. A man said: Messenger of Allah, there he is, laid up with fever on one side of the mosque. He moved, walking forward till he reached me. He placed his hand on me. He had a kind talk with me, and I rose. He then began to walk till he reached the place where he used to offer his prayer. He paid his attention to the people. There were two rows of men and one row of women, or two rows of women and one row of men (the narrator is doubtful). He then said: If Satan makes me forget anything during the prayer, the men should glorify Allah, and the women should clap their hands. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then prayed and he did not forget anything during the prayer. He said: Be seated in your places, be seated in your places. The narrator, Musa, added the word "here". He then praised Allah and exalted Him, and said: Now to our topic. The agreed version begins: He then said: Is there any man among you who approaches his wife, closes the door, covers himself with a curtain, and he is concealed with the curtain of Allah? They replied: Yes. He said: later he sits and says: I did so-and-so; I did so-and-so. The people kept silence. He then turned to the women and said (to them): Is there any woman among you who narrates it? They kept silence. Then a girl fell on one of her knees. The narrator, Mu'ammil, said in his version: a buxom girl. She raised her head before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that he could see her and listen to her. She said: Messenger of Allah, they (the men) describe the secrets (of intercourse) and they (the women) also describe the secrets (of intercourse) to the people. He said: Do you know what the similitude is? He said: The likeness of this act is the likeness of a female Satan who meets the male Satan on the roadside; he fulfils his desire with her while the people are looking at him. Beware! The perfume of men is that whose smell becomes visible and its colour does not appear. Beware! The perfume of women is that whose colour becomes visible and whose smell is not obvious. AbuDawud said: From here I remembered this tradition from Mu'ammil and Musa: Beware! No man should lie with another man, no woman should lie with another woman except with one's child or father. He also mentioned a third which I have forgotten. This has been mentioned in the version of Musaddad, but I do not remember it as precisely as I like. The narrator, Musa, said: Hammad narrated this tradition from al-Jarir from AbuNadrah from at-Tufawi. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2174)

وَلَمْ أُدْرِكْ مِنْ صَحَابَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ رَجُلًا أَشَدَّ تَشْمِيرًا وَلَا أَقْوَمَ عَلَى ضَيْفٍ مِنْهُ فَبَيْنَمَا أَنَا عِنْدَهُ وَهُوَ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ لَهُ وَأَسْفَلَ مِنْهُ جَارِيَةٌ لَهُ سَوْدَاءُ وَمَعَهُ كِيسٌ فِيهِ حَصًى وَنَوًى يَقُولُ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ حَتَّى إِذَا أَنْفَدَ مَا فِي الْكِيسِ أَلْقَاهُ إِلَيْهَا فَجَمَعَتْهُ فَجَعَلَتْهُ فِي الْكِيسِ ثُمَّ دَفَعَتْهُ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِي أَلَا أُحَدِّثُكَ عَنِّي وَعَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنِّي بَيْنَمَا أَنَا أُوعَكُ فِي مَسْجِدِ الْمَدِينَةِ إِذْ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَسْجِدَ فَقَالَ مَنْ أَحَسَّ الْفَتَى الدَّوْسِيَّ مَنْ أَحَسَّ الْفَتَى الدَّوْسِيَّ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ قَائِلٌ هُوَ ذَاكَ يُوعَكُ فِي جَانِبِالْمَسْجِدِ حَيْثُ تَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَجَاءَ فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيَّ وَقَالَ لِي مَعْرُوفًا فَقُمْتُ فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى قَامَ فِي مَقَامِهِ الَّذِي يُصَلِّي فِيهِ وَمَعَهُ يَوْمَئِذٍ صَفَّانِ مِنْ رِجَالٍ وَصَفٌّ مِنْ نِسَاءٍ أَوْ صَفَّانِ مِنْ نِسَاءٍ وَصَفٌّ مِنْ رِجَالٍ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ إِنْ نَسَّانِي الشَّيْطَانُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَلَاتِي فَلْيُسَبِّحِ الْقَوْمُ وَلْيُصَفِّقِ النِّسَاءُ فَصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَلَمْ يَنْسَ مِنْ صَلَاتِهِ شَيْئًا فَلَمَّا سَلَّمَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ مَجَالِسَكُمْ هَلْ فِيكُمْ رَجُلٌ إِذَا أَتَى أَهْلَهُ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ وَأَرْخَى سِتْرَهُ ثُمَّ يَخْرُجُ فَيُحَدِّثُ فَيَقُولُ فَعَلْتُ بِأَهْلِي كَذَا وَفَعَلْتُ بِأَهْلِي كَذَا؟ فَسَكَتُوا فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ فَقَالَ هَلْ مِنْكُنَّ مَنْ تُحَدِّثُ؟ فَجَثَتْ فَتَاةٌ كَعَابٌ عَلَى إِحْدَى رُكْبَتَيْهَا وَتَطَالَتْ لِيَرَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَيَسْمَعَ كَلَامَهَا فَقَالَتْ إِي وَاللهِ إِنَّهُمْ لَيُحَدِّثُونَ وَإِنَّهُنَّ لَيُحَدِّثْنَ قَالَ هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَا مَثَلُ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ؟ إِنَّ مَثَلَ مَنْ فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ مَثَلُ شَيْطَانٍ وَشَيْطَانَةٍ لَقِيَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ بِالسِّكَّةِ قَضَى حَاجَتَهُ مِنْهَا وَالنَّاسُ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا لَا يُفْضِيَنَّ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَجُلٍ وَلَا امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى امْرَأَةٍإِلَّا إِلَى وَلَدٍ أَوْ وَالِدٍ قَالَ وَذَكَرَ ثَالِثَةً فَنَسِيتُهَا أَلَا إِنَّ طِيبَ الرِّجَالِ مَا وُجِدَ رِيحُهُ وَلَمْ يَظْهَرْ لَوْنُهُ أَلَا إِنَّ طِيبَ النِّسَاءِ مَا ظَهَرَ لَوْنُهُ وَلَمْ يُوجَدْ رِيحُهُ

[Machine] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Gabriel came to him and sat in front of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , placing his hands on the knees of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me about Islam." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Islam is to submit your face to Allah, bear witness that there is no god but Allah alone with no partner, and that Muhammad is His servant and Messenger." He said: "If I do that, have I embraced Islam?" He said: "If you do that, you have embraced Islam." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me about Iman (faith)." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Iman is to believe in Allah, the Last Day, the angels, the Book, the Prophets, and to believe in life after death and in Paradise and Hell, and in the Day of Judgment and the Balance, and to believe in fate, both its good and its evil." He said: "If I do that, have I believed?" He said: "If you do that, you have believed." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me about Ihsan (excellence)." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot see Him, then know that He sees you." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, tell me about the Hour (i.e. Day of Judgment)." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The one who is asked about it is no more knowledgeable about it than the one who is asking, but I will inform you of its signs. When you see barefoot, naked, poor shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings, then that is one of the signs of the Hour." He said: "O Messenger of Allah, who are the barefoot, naked, poor shepherds?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The Arabs."

وقَالَ جَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَجْلِسًا لَهُ فَأَتَاهُ جِبْرِيلُ فَجَلَسَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَاضِعًا كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَدِّثْنِي مَا الْإِسْلامُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْإِسْلامُ أَنْ تُسْلِمَ وَجْهَكَ لِلَّهِ وَتَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلا اللهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتُ؟ قَالَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ أَسْلَمْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَحَدِّثْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْمَوْتِ وَبِالْحَيَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ؟ قَالَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَدِّثْنِي مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ لِلَّهِ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَمْ تَرَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَحَدِّثْنِي مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ فِي خَمْسٍ مِنَ الغَيْبِ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلَّا هُوَ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} [لقمان 34] وَلَكِنْ إِنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ بِمَعَالِمَ لَهَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَجَلْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَحَدِّثْنِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْأَمَةَ وَلَدَتْ رَبَّتَهَا أَوْ رَبَّهَا وَرَأَيْتَ أَصْحَابَ الشَّاءِ تَطَاوَلُوا بِالْبُنْيَانِ وَرَأَيْتَ الْحُفَاةَ الْجِيَاعَ الْعَالَةَ كَانُوا رُؤوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَلِكَ مِنْ مَعَالِمِ السَّاعَةِ وَأَشْرَاطِهَا قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَنْ أَصْحَابُ الشَّاءِ وَالْحُفَاةُ الْجِيَاعُ الْعَالَةُ؟ قَالَ الْعَرَبُ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَحَدِّثْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْمَلائِكَةِ وَالْكِتَابِ وَالنَّبِيِّينَ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْمَوْتِ وَبِالْحَيَاةِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْمِيزَانِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتُ؟ قَالَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ فَقَدْ آمَنْتَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ حَدِّثْنِي مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْمَلَ لِلَّهِ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَمْ تَرَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَحَدِّثْنِي مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ فِي خَمْسٍ مِنَ الغَيْبِ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلا هُوَ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ} [لقمان 34] وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ وَلَكِنِ إنْ شِئْتَ حَدَّثْتُكَ بِمَعَالِمَ لَهَا دُونَ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَجَلْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَحَدِّثْنِي قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا رَأَيْتَ الْأَمَةَ وَلَدَتْ رَبَّتَهَا أَوْ رَبَّهَا وَرَأَيْتَ أَصْحَابَ الشَّاءِ تَطَاوَلُوا بِالْبُنْيَانِ وَرَأَيْتَ الْحُفَاةَ الْجِيَاعَ الْعَالَةَ كَانُوا رُؤوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَلِكَ مِنْ مَعَالِمِ السَّاعَةِ وَأَشْرَاطِهَا قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَمَنْ أصْحَابُ الشَّاءِ وَالْحُفَاةُ الْجِيَاعُ الْعَالَةُ؟ قَالَ الْعَرَبُ

[Machine] When my affairs were mentioned and I was not aware of it, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up and gave a sermon about me. He praised and thanked Allah (glory be to Him) for what He has bestowed upon me, then he said, "As for what comes after, inform the people that they have slandered my family and, by Allah, I have never known anything bad about them. They built my family and, by Allah, I have never known anything bad about them, nor has anyone ever entered my house without my presence. I have never been absent during any journey without them being with me." Then Sa'd bin Mu'adh stood up and said, "O Messenger of Allah, shall we strike their necks?" A man from the Bani Khazraj stood up, and Umm Hassaan bin Thabit, who was the wife of that man, said, "You lie! By Allah, if they were from the Aws, you would not want to strike their necks until there was fighting between the Aws and the Khazraj within the Masjid, and I do not know anything about them." When it was evening that day, I went out for some need, and Umm Misbah was with me. She stumbled, and she said, "May Misbah be ruined!" I said, "Why do you curse your son?" She remained silent. Then she stumbled again and said, "May Misbah be ruined!" I said, "Why do you curse your son?" Then she stumbled a third time and said, "May Misbah be ruined!" I scolded her and said, "Why do you curse your son?" She said, "By Allah, I only curse him because of you." I asked, "In what matter concerning me?" Then she informed me about the story. I said, "Did my father know about it?" She said, "Yes." I asked, "And the Messenger of Allah?" She said, "And the Messenger of Allah." I became overwhelmed and started crying. Abu Bakr heard my voice while he was on the roof reciting the Qur'an. He came down and said to my mother, "What's wrong with her?" She told him what had happened. He said, "I swear to you, O daughter, that if you had not returned to your house, I would have divorced her." So I went back to my house and my parents were with me. They stayed with me until after Asr prayer. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to me. My parents were on my right and left side. The Prophet ﷺ said the Shahada (testimony of faith) and praised and thanked Allah (glory be to Him) for what He has bestowed upon him. Then he said, "O Aisha, if you have committed a mistake or wronged, repent to Allah (glory be to Him). Verily, Allah (glory be to Him) accepts repentance from His servants." Then a woman from the Ansar came and sat at the door. I said to myself, "Doesn't she have any shame?"

لَمَّا ذُكِرَ مِنْ شَأْنِي الَّذِي ذُكِرَ وَمَا عَلِمْتُ بِهِ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيَّ خَطِيبًا وَمَا عَلِمْتُ بِهِ فَتَشَهَّدَ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ ﷻ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُأَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ فِي نَاسٍ أَبَنُوا أَهْلِي وَايْمُ اللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَى أَهْلِي سُوءًا قَطُّ وَأَبَنُوهُمْ بِمَنْ وَاللهِ مَا عَلِمْتُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ سُوءٍ قَطُّ وَلَا دَخَلَ بَيْتِي قَطُّ إِلَّا وَأَنَا حَاضِرٌ وَلَا غِبْتُ فِي سَفَرٍ إِلَّا غَابَ مَعِي؟ فَقَامَ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَقَالَ نَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنْ تَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ بلْخَزْرَج وَكَانَتْ أُمُّ حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ مِنْ رَهْطِ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلِ فَقَالَ كَذَبْتَ أَمَا وَاللهِ لَوْ كَانُوا مِنَ الْأَوْسِ مَا أَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ تَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ حَتَّى كَادُوا أَنْ يَكُونَ بَيْنَ الْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ شَرٌّ وَمَا عَلِمْتُ بِهِ فَلَمَّا كَانَ مَسَاءُ ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ خَرَجْتُ لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِي وَمَعِي أُمُّ مِسْطَحٍ فَعَثَرَتْ فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ فَقُلْتُ عَلَامَ تَسُبِّينَ ابْنَكِ؟ فَسَكَتَتْ ثُمَّ عَثَرَتِ الثَّانِيَةَ فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ فَقُلْتُ عَلَامَ تَسُبِّينَ ابْنَكِ؟ ثُمَّ عَثَرَتِ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقَالَتْ تَعِسَ مِسْطَحٌ فَانْتَهَرْتُهَا فَقُلْتُ عَلَامَ تَسُبِّينَ ابْنَكِ؟ فَقَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَا أَسُبُّهُ إِلَّا فِيكِ فَقُلْتُ فِي أَيِّ شَأْنِي؟ فَذَكَرَتْ لِي الْحَدِيثَفَقُلْتُ وَقَدْ كَانَ هَذَا؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ وَاللهِ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى بَيْتِي لَكَأَنَّ الَّذِي خَرَجْتُ لَهُ لَمْ أَخْرُجْ لَهُ لَا أَجِدُ مِنْهُ قَلِيلًا وَلَا كَثِيرًا وَوَعَكْتُ فَقُلْتُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَرْسِلْنِي إِلَى بَيْتِ أَبِي فَأَرْسَلَ مَعِي الْغُلَامَ فَدَخَلْتُ الدَّارَ فَإِذَا أَنَا بِأُمِّ رُومَانَ فَقَالَتْ مَا جَاءَ بِكِ يَا بُنَيَّةُ؟ فَأَخْبَرْتُهَا فَقَالَتْ خَفِّضِي عَلَيْكِ الشَّأْنَ فَإِنَّهُ وَاللهِ لَقَلَّمَا كَانَتْ امْرَأَةٌ جَمِيلَةٌ تَكُونُ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ يُحِبُّهَا وَلَهَا ضَرَائِرُ إِلَّا حَسَدْنَهَا وَقُلْنَ فِيهَا قُلْتُ وَقَدْ عَلِمَ بِهِ أَبِي؟ قَالَتْ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَتْ وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَاسْتَعْبَرْتُ فَبَكَيْتُ فَسَمِعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ صَوْتِي وَهُوَ فَوْقَ الْبَيْتِ يَقْرَأُ فَنَزَلَ فَقَالَ لِأُمِّي مَا شَأْنُهَا؟ قَالَتْ بَلَغَهَا الَّذِي ذُكِرَ مِنْ أَمْرِهَا فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَاهُ فَقَالَ أَقْسَمْتُ عَلَيْكِ يَا بُنَيَّةُ إِلَّا رَجَعْتِ إِلَى بَيْتِكِ فَرَجَعْتُ وَأَصْبَحَ أَبَوَايَ عِنْدِي فَلَمْ يَزَالَا عِنْدِي حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ الْعَصْرِ وَقَدِ اكْتَنَفَنِي أَبَوَايَ عَنْ يَمِينِي وَعَنْ شِمَالِي فَتَشَهَّدَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ يَا عَائِشَةُ إِنْ كُنْتِ قَارَفْتِ سُوءً أَوْ ظَلَمْتِ تُوبِي إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ يَقْبَلُ التَّوْبَةَ عَنْ عِبَادِهِ وَقَدْ جَاءَتْ امْرَأَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَهِيَ جَالِسَةٌ بِالْبَابِ فَقُلْتُ أَلَا تَسْتَحِي

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Makkah for ten years, following the people in their homes in 'Ukaz and Majinah, and during the seasons in Mina. He would say, "Who will shelter and support me? Who will assist me until I deliver the message of my Lord, and he will be rewarded with Paradise?" So much so that a man would come from Yemen or Egypt, and his people would warn him, saying, "Beware of the young boy from Quraysh who will deceive you." But he would walk among them and they would point at him with their fingers. Until Allah sent someone from Yathrib (Medina) and we offered him shelter and believed in him. The man would return to his people, and they would embrace Islam because of him, to the point that there was not a house in Al-Ansar (the supporters) except there were some Muslims living in it. Then, they all came together and said, "Until when shall we leave the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being expelled in the mountains of Makkah and living in fear?" Seventy men of us left until we reached him in the season. We made an appointment with the tribes of Al-'Aqabah, and met him there, a group of men and a group of women. We said, "O Messenger of Allah! Why don't we give you our pledge?" He replied, "Give me your pledge based on hearing and obeying, in ease and hardship, in wealth and poverty, and to enjoin good and forbid evil. And that you will say in Allah's cause, fear no blame from anyone, and to help me rather than hinder me when I come to you. If you fulfill this, then it will be better for you before Allah." We said, "O Messenger of Allah! Rain on us your guidance." We swear by Allah, we will never abandon this pledge nor take it away. So we gave him our pledge, and he grasped the hand of As'ad bin Zurarah, who was one of the youngest among us, and said, "O people of Yathrib! We have not aimed against and attacked the backs of camels unless we knew that he is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . And indeed his leaving today means the tribal fragmentation of the entire Arabs and the killing of your best people. And the swords will bite you, whether you are a people who can endure that or a people who fear from yourselves a decline, clarify it, and it will be more excuse for you before Allah." We said, "Remove from us, O As'ad!" By Allah! We will never abandon this pledge nor seize it away. So we gave him our pledge, and he made a condition and gave us Paradise in return.

مَكَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ يَتْبَعُ النَّاسَ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ بعُكَاظٍ وَمَجَنَّةَ وَفِي الْمَوَاسِمِ بِمِنًى يَقُولُ مَنْ يُؤْوِينِي؟ مَنْ يَنْصُرُنِي حَتَّى أُبَلِّغَ رِسَالَةَ رَبِّي وَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ؟ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَخْرُجُ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ أَوْ مِنْ مِصْرَ كَذَا قَالَ فَيَأْتِيهِ قَوْمُهُ فَيَقُولُونَ احْذَرْ غُلَامَ قُرَيْشٍ لَا يَفْتِنُكَ وَيَمْشِي بَيْنَ رِجَالِهِمْ وَهُمْ يُشِيرُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَصَابِعِ حَتَّى بَعَثَنَا اللهُ لَهُ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَآوَيْنَاهُ وَصَدَّقْنَاهُ فَيَخْرُجُ الرَّجُلُ مِنَّا فَيُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَيُقْرِئُهُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَيُسْلِمُونَ بِإِسْلَامِهِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ دَارٌ مِنْ دُورِ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا وَفِيهَا رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُظْهِرُونَ الْإِسْلَامَ ثُمَّ ائْتَمَرُوا جَمِيعًا فَقُلْنَا حَتَّى مَتَى نَتْرُكُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُطْرَدُ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ وَيَخَافُ؟ فَرَحَلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا حَتَّى قَدِمُوا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ فَوَاعَدْنَاهُ شِعْبَ الْعَقَبَةِ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَرَجُلَيْنِ حَتَّى تَوَافَيْنَا فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ علَامَ نُبَايِعُكَ قَالَ تُبَايِعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَالنَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَأَنْ تَقُولُوا فِي اللهِ لَا تَخَافُونَ فِي اللهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَنْصُرُونِي فَتَمْنَعُونِي إِذَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِمَّاتَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ قَالَ فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ وَهُوَ مِنْ أَصْغَرِهِمْ فَقَالَ رُوَيْدًا يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ فَإِنَّا لَمْ نَضْرِبْ أَكْبَادَ الْإِبِلِ إِلَّا وَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَإِنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُ الْيَوْمَ مُفَارَقَةُ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً وَقَتْلُ خِيَارِكُمْ وَأَنَّ تَعَضَّكُمُ السُّيُوفُ فَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَأَجْرُكُمْ عَلَى اللهِ وَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَخَافُونَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ جَبِينَةً فَبَيِّنُوا ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ أَعْذَرَ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللهِ قَالُوا أَمِطْ عَنَّا يَا أَسْعَدُ فَوَاللهِ لَا نَدَعُ هَذِهِ الْبَيْعَةَ أَبَدًا وَلَا نَسْلُبُهَا أَبَدًا قَالَ فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا وَشَرَطَ وَيُعْطِينَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ spent ten years following the pilgrims in their dwellings during the pilgrimage season, at Majannah, at 'Ukaz, and in their dwellings in Mina. He would say, "Who will give me shelter? Who will assist me until I deliver the messages of my Lord, and paradise will be theirs?" He did not find anyone who would assist and shelter him. Even when a man would leave Muzdalifah or Yemen and come to their people, they would say, "Beware of the youth from Quraysh, he will lead you astray," while he walked among them and called them to Allah, pointing at them with his fingers. Until Allah sent us to him from Yathrib, a man came to him and believed in him, and he recited the Quran to him, then he returned to his family and they accepted Islam. Soon, there was no house in the dwellings of Yathrib except that it had a group of Muslims who openly displayed Islam. Then Allah completed His favor upon us, and we gathered together, seventy men from our community, and we said, "How long will the Messenger of Allah ﷺ be expelled in the mountains of Makkah and live in fear?" So we set out until we reached him during the pilgrimage season, and we made an appointment with the people of Aqabah. His uncle, Al-Abbas, said to him, "O nephew, I do not know who these people are who have come to you. I am familiar with the people of Yathrib, so we gathered with them, one man and two men. When Al-Abbas saw our faces, he said, 'These are unknown people, they are young.' We said, 'O Messenger of Allah, why should we swear allegiance to you?' He said, 'Swear allegiance to me on hearing and obeying, in times of both energy and laziness, in easy and difficult times, in promoting what is good and forbidding what is evil, and in defending me if I come to Yathrib, even if it means denying yourselves, your wives, and your children. Paradise will be yours.' So we gave him our pledge, and As'ad bin Zurarah, who was the youngest of the seventy, took his hand and said, 'By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, remove your hand from us. We will not abandon this pledge, nor will we revoke it.' So we went to him one by one, and each of us pledged allegiance to him on the terms of al-Abbas, and in return, he bestowed paradise upon us."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَبِثَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ يَتَّبِعُ الْحَاجَّ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ وَبِمَجَنَّةٍ وَبِعُكَاظٍ وَبِمَنَازِلِهِمْ بِمِنًى يَقُولُ مَنْ يُؤْوِينِي مَنْ يَنْصُرُنِي حَتَّى أُبَلِّغَ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي وَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ؟ فَلَا يَجِدُ أَحَدًا يَنْصُرُهُ وَيُؤْوِيهِ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ يَرْحَلُ مِنْ مُضَرَ أَوْ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ إِلَى ذِي رَحِمِهِ فَيَأْتِيهِ قَوْمُهُ فَيَقُولُونَ احْذَرْ غُلَامَ قُرَيْشٍ لَا يَفْتِنُكَ وَيَمْشِي بَيْنَ رِحَالِهِمْ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللهِ ﷻ يُشِيرُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَصَابِعِ حَتَّى بَعَثَنَا اللهُ ﷻ لَهُ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَيَأْتِيهِ الرَّجُلُ فَيُؤْمِنُ بِهِ فَيُقْرِئُهُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَيُسْلِمُونَ بِإِسْلَامِهِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ دَارٌ مِنْ دُورِ يَثْرِبَ إِلَّا فِيهَا رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُظْهِرُونَ الْإِسْلَامَثُمَّ بَعَثَنَا اللهُ ﷻ فَأْتَمَرْنَا وَاجْتَمَعْنَا سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا مِنَّا فَقُلْنَا حَتَّى مَتَى نَذَرُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُطْرَدُ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ وَيَخَافُ فَرَحَلْنَا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ فَوَاعَدْنَاهُ شِعْبَ الْعَقَبَةِ فَقَالَ عَمُّهُ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي إِنِّي لَا أَدْرِي مَا هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوكَ؟ إِنِّي ذُو مَعْرِفَةٍ بِأَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَرَجُلَيْنِ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ الْعَبَّاسُ فِي وُجُوهِنَا قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ لَا أَعْرِفُهُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ أَحْدَاثٌ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَامَ نُبَايِعُكَ؟ قَالَ تُبَايِعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَعَلَى النَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَقُولُوا فِي اللهِ لَا تَأْخُذُكُمْ فِيهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَنْصُرُونِي إِذَا قَدِمْتُ يَثْرِبَ فَتَمْنَعُونِي مِمَّا تَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ فَقُمْنَا نُبَايِعُهُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ وَهُوَ أَصْغَرُ السَّبْعِينَ فَقَالَ رُوَيْدًا يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ إِنَّا لَمْ نَضْرِبْ إِلَيْهِ أَكْبَادَ الْمَطِيِّ إِلَّا وَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ إِنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُ الْيَوْمَ مُفَارَقَةُ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً وَقَتْلُ خِيَارِكُمْ وَأَنْ تَعَضَّكُمُ السُّيُوفُ فَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى السُّيُوفِ إِذَا مَسَّتْكُمْ وَعَلَى قَتْلِ خِيَارِكُمْ وَعَلَى مُفَارَقَةِ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً فَخُذُوهُ وَأَجْرُكُمْ عَلَى اللهِ وَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَخَافُونَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ خِيفَةً فَذَرُوهُ فَهُوَ أَعْذَرُ عِنْدَ اللهِقَالَوا يَا أَسْعَدُ بْنَ زُرَارَةَ أَمِطْ عَنَّا يَدَكَ فَوَاللهِ لَا نَذَرُ هَذِهِ الْبَيْعَةَ وَلَا نَسْتَقِيلُهَا فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا يَأْخُذُ عَلَيْنَا بِشُرْطَةِ الْعَبَّاسِ وَيُعْطِينَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةَ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ wrote to him in a red damask, so he took the letter from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and tore it to pieces. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then sent a military expedition, and they did not leave anyone, nor any scent, nor any sound, nor any family, nor any wealth except that they took it. He escaped naked on a horse that had no saddle until he reached his daughter, who was married in Bani Hilal and had embraced Islam, as did her family. The meeting of the people was in the courtyard of her house, so he circled until he entered upon her from behind the house. When she saw him, she threw a garment on him and said, "What is wrong with you?" He said, "All evil has befallen your father. Nothing was left for him, neither scent, nor sound, nor family, nor wealth, except that it was taken from him." She said, "I invited you to Islam." He said, "Where is your husband?" She said, "With the camels." So he went to him and said, "What is wrong with you?" He said, "All evil has befallen me. Nothing was left for me, neither scent, nor sound, nor family, nor wealth, except that it was taken from me. And I want Muhammad to be my guardian before my family and wealth are divided." He said, "Take my riding camel with its saddle." He said, "I have no need for it." So he took the shepherd's staff and provisioned himself with water. And he had a garment that he covered his face with, and when he covered his face, his back was exposed, and when he covered his back, his face was exposed, and he disliked being recognized until he reached the city. So he tied his riding camel and came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who was at his door, and when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed Fajr, he said, "O Messenger of Allah, extend your hand so that I may pledge allegiance to you." He extended his hand, and when he was about to strike his hand, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ drew his hand to himself. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Messenger of Allah, this is the one I wrote to." So he struck his hand three times, drawing it towards himself, and he did the same after that. When it was the third time, he said, "Who are you?" He said, "I am the shepherd of Al-Sahimi." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then touched his arm and raised it and said, "O Muslims, this is the shepherd of Al-Sahimi, to whom I wrote, and he took my letter and tore it to pieces. I said to him, 'O Messenger of Allah, my family and my wealth?' He said, 'As for your wealth, it has been apportioned, and as for your family, whoever you can overpower from among them.'" So he went out, and his son recognized the riding camel while he was standing beside it, so he returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "This is my son." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Bilal, go out with him and ask his father, 'Is this your son?' If he says yes, then give him to him." So Bilal went to him and said, "Is this your son?" He said, "Yes." So he returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, I have never seen anyone as steadfast in loyalty to his companion as this man."

كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي أَدِيمٍ أَحْمَرَ فَأَخَذَ كِتَابَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَرَقَعَ بِهِ دَلْوَهُ فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَرِيَّةً فَلَمْ يَدَعُوا لَهُ رَائِحَةً وَلَا سَارِحَةً وَلَا أَهْلًا وَلَا مَالًا إِلَّا أَخَذُوهُ وَانْفَلَتَ عُرْيَانًا عَلَى فَرَسٍ لَهُ لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ قِشْرَةٌ حَتَّى يَنْتَهِيَ إِلَى ابْنَتِهِ وَهِيَ مُتَزَوِّجَةٌ فِي بَنِي هِلَالٍ وَقَدْ أَسْلَمَتْ وَأَسْلَمَ أَهْلُهَا وَكَانَ مَجْلِسُ الْقَوْمِ بِفِنَاءِ بَيْتِهَا فَدَارَ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْبَيْتِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ أَلْقَتْ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبًا قَالَتْ مَا لَكَ؟ قَالَ كُلُّ الشَّرِّ نَزَلَ بِأَبِيكِ مَا تُرِكَ لَهُ رَائِحَةٌ وَلَا سَارِحَةٌ وَلَا أَهْلٌ وَلَا مَالٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ أُخِذَ قَالَتْ دُعِيتَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ قَالَ أَيْنَ بَعْلُكِ؟ قَالَتْ فِي الْإِبِلِ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ مَا لَكَ؟ قَالَ كُلُّ الشَّرِّ قَدْ نَزَلَ بِهِ مَا تُرِكَتْ لَهُ رَائِحَةٌ وَلَا سَارِحَةٌ وَلَا أَهْلٌ وَلَا مَالٌ إِلَّا وَقَدْ أُخِذَ وَأَنَا أُرِيدُ مُحَمَّدًا أُبَادِرُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُقَسِّمَ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي قَالَ فَخُذْ رَاحِلَتِي بِرَحْلِهَا قَالَ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهَا قَالَ فَأَخَذَ قَعُودَ الرَّاعِي وَزَوَّدَهُ إِدَاوَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ قَالَ وَعَلَيْهِ ثَوْبٌ إِذَا غَطَّى بِهِ وَجْهَهُ خَرَجَتْ اسْتُهُ وَإِذَا غَطَّىاسْتَهُ خَرَجَ وَجْهُهُ وَهُوَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُعْرَفَ حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَعَقَلَ رَاحِلَتَهُ ثُمَّ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ بِحِذَائِهِ حَيْثُ يُقْبِلُ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْفَجْرَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ابْسُطْ يَدَيْكَ فَلْأُبَايِعْكَ قَالَ فَبَسَطَهَا فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَضْرِبَ عَلَيْهَا قَبَضَهَا إِلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَفَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثًا قَبَضَهَا إِلَيْهِ وَيَفْعَلُهُ فَلَمَّا كَانَتِ الثَّالِثَةُ قَالَ مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ أَنَا رِعْيَةُ السُّحَيْمِيُّ قَالَ فَتَنَاوَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَضُدَهُ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ هَذَا رِعْيَةُ السُّحَيْمِيُّ الَّذِي كَتَبْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ كِتَابِي فَرَقَعَ بِهِ دَلْوَهُ فَأَخَذَ يَتَضَرَّعُ إِلَيْهِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَهْلِي وَمَالِي قَالَ أَمَّا مَالُكَ فَقَدْ قُسِّمَ وَأَمَّا أَهْلُكَ فَمَنْ قَدَرْتَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْهُمْ فَخَرَجَ فَإِذَا ابْنُهُ قَدْ عَرَفَ الرَّاحِلَةَ وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ عِنْدَهَا فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ هَذَا ابْنِي فَقَالَ يَا بِلَالُ اخْرُجْ مَعَهُ فَسَلْهُ أَبُوكَ هَذَا؟ فَإِنْ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَادْفَعْهُ إِلَيْهِ فَخَرَجَ بِلَالٌ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ أَبُوكَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَرَجَعَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا اسْتَعْبَرَ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَقَالَ ذَاكَ جَفَاءُ الْأَعْرَابِ

[Machine] "Indeed, the matter is in their hands. If they want, they can do it, and if they want, they may not do it. So, tell them that I am innocent of them, and they are innocent of me." Then Jibril ﷺ came to the Prophet ﷺ and said, "O Muhammad, what is Islam?" He replied, "To worship Allah alone, without associating anything with Him, to establish the prayer, to give the obligatory charity, to fast during Ramadan, and to perform Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (Kaaba)." Jibril said, "If you do that, then you are a Muslim." The Prophet ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth." Jibril asked, "What is Ihsan (excellence or perfection)?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, know that He sees you." Jibril said, "If you do that, then you are a Muhsin (a person of excellence)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth." Jibril asked, "What is Iman (faith)?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Resurrection, and to believe in predestination, the good of it and the bad of it." Jibril said, "If you do that, then you are a Mu'min (a believer)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth."

أَنَّ الْأَمْرَ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ فَإِنْ شَاءُوا عَمِلُوا وَإِنْ شَاءُوا لَمْ يَعْمَلُوا فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنِّي مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنِّي بُرَآءُ ثُمَّ قَالَ جَاءَ جِبْرِيلُ ﷺ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ فَقَالَ تَعْبُدُ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِي الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ تَخْشَى اللهَ تَعَالَى كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَا تَكُ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُحْسِنٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْبَعْثِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ

One day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ appeared before the public so a man came to him and then said: Prophet of Allah, what is Iman? Upon this he (the Holy Prophet) replied: That you affirm your faith in Allah, His angels, His Books, His meeting, His Messengers and that you affirm your faith in the Resurrection hereafter. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Islam? He replied: Al-Islam is that you worship Allah and do not associate anything with Him and you establish obligatory prayer and you pay the obligatory alms (Zakat) and you observe the fast of Ramadan. He said: Messenger of Allah, what is al-Ihsan? He replied: That you worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and for if you fail to see Him. He said: Messenger of Allah, when is the Hour (of Doom)? He replied: The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the inquirer, however I will narrate some of its signs to you. When the slave-girl will give birth to her master, then that is from its signs. When the naked, barefooted would become the chiefs of the people, then that is from its signs. When the shepherds of the black (camels) would exult themselves in buildings, then that is from its signs. (The Hour is) Among one of the five which no one knows but Allah. Then he recited (the verse): "Verily Allah! with Him alone is the knowledge of the Hour and He it is Who sends down the rain and knows that which is in the wombs. And no soul knows what it shall earn tomorrow, and a soul knows not in what land it shall die. Verily Allah is Knowing, Aware." He (Abu Huraira) said: Then the person turned back and went away. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Bring that man back to me. They went to bring him back, but they saw nothing there. Upon this the Messenger of Allah remarked: he was Gabriel, who came to teach the people their religion. (Using translation from Muslim 8e)

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكِتَابِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الْآخِرِ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ لَا تُشْرِكُ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّكَ إِنْ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَلَكِنْ سَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّهَا فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا كَانَتِ الْعُرَاةُ الْحُفَاةُ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا وَإِذَا تَطَاوَلَ رِعَاءُ الْبَهْمِ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ فَذَاكَ مِنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا فِي خَمْسٍ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ تَلَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {إِنَّ اللهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ وَيَعْلَمُ مَا فِي الْأَرْحَامِ وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ مَاذَا تَكْسِبُ غَدًا وَمَا تَدْرِي نَفْسٌ بِأَيِّ أَرْضٍ تَمُوتُ إِنَّ اللهَ عَلِيمٌ خَبِيرٌ} [لقمان 34] ثُمَّ أَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ رُدُّوا عَلَيَّ الرَّجُلَ فَأَخَذُوا لِيَرُدُّوهُ فَلَمْ يَرَوْا شَيْئًا فَقَالَ هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ

[Machine] "I went on a journey with the Prophet ﷺ, and he used to not relieve himself until he disappeared, so he couldn't be seen. We descended into an area without trees or landmarks. The Prophet ﷺ said, 'O Jabir, make water in your waterskin and then set out with us.' So we set out until we couldn't see anything, and suddenly there were two trees with a four-arm gap between them. He said, 'O Jabir, go to that tree and say, 'The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commands you to give me shade for my companions and me.'' So I did, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat behind us. Then we returned to our place, and we rode with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was between us, as if birds were shading us. A woman came with a child and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, the devil takes my son every day three times.' He took the child and placed him between himself and the front of the camel saddle, and he said, 'Get away, O enemy of Allah! I am the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, get away, O enemy of Allah! I am the Messenger of Allah ﷺ,' three times. Then he handed the child back to her. When we finished our journey and passed by that place, the woman came to us with her child and two rams that were pulling them. She said, 'O Messenger of Allah, accept my gift. I swear by the One who sent you with the truth, he has not returned to that condition since you treated him.' He said, 'Take one and return the other.' Then we continued and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was between us, as if birds were shading us. Suddenly, a camel called out until it knelt down between two rocks. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat down and said, 'Who is the owner of this camel?' Some young Ansar men said, 'O Messenger of Allah, it belongs to us.' He asked, 'What is its condition?' They replied, 'We have been tending it for twenty years, and it has a cataract. We wanted to slaughter it and divide it amongst ourselves, but it escaped from us.' He said, 'Sell it to me.' They said, 'No, rather it is for you, O Messenger of Allah.' He said, 'No, treat it well until its time comes.' The Muslims said at that time, 'O Messenger of Allah, we should be the ones to prostrate to you, not animals.' He said, 'It is not appropriate for anything to prostrate to anything else, even if it were so, women would be prostrating to their husbands.'"

خَرَجْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ وَكَانَ لَا يَأْتِي الْبَرَازَ حَتَّى يَتَغَيَّبَ فَلَا يُرَى فَنَزَلْنَا بِفَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ لَيْسَ فِيهَا شَجَرَةٌ وَلَا عَلَمٌ فَقَالَ «يَا جَابِرُ اجْعَلْ فِي إِدَاوَتِكَ مَاءً ثُمَّ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا» قَالَ فَانْطَلَقْنَا حَتَّى لَا نُرَى فَإِذَا هُوَ بِشَجَرَتَيْنِ بَيْنَهُمَا أَرْبَعُ أَذْرُعٍ فَقَالَ يَا جَابِرُ انْطَلِقْ إِلَى هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ فَقُلْ يُقُولُ لَكِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْحَقِي بِصَاحِبَتِكِ حَتَّى أَجْلِسَ خَلْفَكُمَا قَالَ فَفَعَلْتُ فَرَجَعَتْ إِلَيْهَا فَجَلَسَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَلْفَهُمَا ثُمَّ رَجَعَتَا إِلَى مَكَانِهِمَا فَرَكِبْنَا مَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ بَيْنَنَا كَأَنَّمَا عَلَيْنَا الطَّيْرُ تُظِلُّنَا فَعَرَضَتْ لَهُ امْرَأَةٌ مَعَهَا صَبِيٌّ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِنَّ ابْنِي هَذَا يَأْخُذُهُ الشَّيْطَانُ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ ثَلَاثَ مِرَارٍ قَالَ فَتَنَاوَلَ الصَّبِيَّ فَجَعَلَهُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مُقَدَّمِ الرَّحْلِ ثُمَّ قَالَ «اخْسَأْ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ أَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اخْسَأْ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ أَنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثًا» ثُمَّ دَفَعَهُ إِلَيْهَا فَلَمَّا قَضَيْنَا سَفَرَنَا مَرَرْنَا بِذَلِكَ الْمَكَانِ فَعَرَضَتْ لَنَا الْمَرْأَةُ مَعَهَا صَبِيُّهَا وَمَعَهَا كَبْشَانِ تَسُوقُهُمَا فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ اقْبَلْ مِنِّي هَدِيَّتِي فَوَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا عَادَ إِلَيْهِ بَعْدُ فَقَالَ «خُذُوا مِنْهَا وَاحِدًا وَرُدُّوا عَلَيْهَا الْآخَرَ» قَالَ ثُمَّ سِرْنَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَنَا كَأَنَّمَا عَلَيْنَا الطَّيْرُ تُظِلُّنَا فَإِذَا جَمَلٌ نَادٌّ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بَيْنَ سِمَاطَيْنِ خَرَّ سَاجِدًا فَجَلَسَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلَّى اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وسلَّمَ وَقَالَ عَلَيَّ النَّاسَ «مَنْ صَاحِبُ الْجَمَلِ؟» فَإِذَا فِتْيَةٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ قَالُوا هُوَ لَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «فَمَا شَأْنُهُ؟» قَالُوا اسْتَنَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ مُنْذُ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً وَكَانَتْ بِهِ شُحَيْمَةٌ فَأَرَدْنَا أنْ نَنْحَرَهُ فَنَقْسِمَهُ بَيْنَ غِلْمَانِنَا فَانْفَلَتَ مِنَّا قَالَ «بِيعُونِيهِ» قَالُوا لَا بَلْ هُوَ لَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «أَمَّا لَا فَأَحْسِنُوا إِلَيْهِ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَهُ أَجَلُهُ» قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِالسُّجُودِ لَكَ مِنَ الْبَهَائِمِ قَالَ «لَا يَنْبَغِي لِشَيْءٍ أَنْ يَسْجُدَ لِشَيْءٍ وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَلِكَ كَانَ النِّسَاءُ لِأَزْوَاجِهِنَّ»

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions continued on the year of the conquest until they reached Marr Al-Zuhra with ten thousand Muslims. Sulaym and Muzaynah were there, and in every tribe there was a number of people who had embraced Islam. The Muhajirun (emigrants) and the Ansar (helpers) were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and none of them stayed behind. The news about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became unknown to the Quraysh, and they did not receive any information about what he was doing. Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith and Abdullah ibn Abi Umayyah ibn al-Mughirah met the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Thaniyyat al-Aqabah on the way from Makkah to Madinah, and they sought permission to enter. Umm Salamah spoke to him and said, "O Messenger of Allah, this is your cousin, the son of your aunt, and your son-in-law." He replied, "I have no need for them. As for my cousin, he has violated my honour, and as for my aunt's son and my son-in-law, he was the one who said to me in Makkah what he said." When the news reached them, Abu Sufyan ibn al-Harith had a son who said, "By Allah, the Messenger of Allah will either give permission for me, or I will take his son by the hand, and we will go away and die of thirst or hunger." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard about this, he sent for them, and they entered upon him. Abu Sufyan began reciting poetry about his Islam and his apology for what had happened in the past. He said, "By your life, on the day I carry a flag, the horses of al-Lat will defeat the horses of Muhammad, even if the dark night lasts long. This is the time for truth to guide and direct me. So tell Ta'if that I do not seek to fight them, and tell Ta'if that I am ready for them, guided by someone other than myself, who has guided me to Allah. I will flee quickly and strive to fight against Muhammad, even if I am not related to him. They are a group of people who do not follow their desires, even if they are intelligent and logical." He continued, "I desire for them to be pleased with me, and I will not leave them until I have been guided in every sitting. I was not in the army that gained victory, nor did my tongue bring any good, nor did my hands touch any tribe that came from distant lands, with arrows and swords. Indeed, the one you expelled and insulted will strive hard to seek revenge, not restrained by custom." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard Abu Sufyan recite poetry about himself, he struck him in the chest and said, "You are the one who expelled and insulted me." Ibn Ishaq mentioned, "The mother of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while she was visiting her relatives from the Banu Najjar tribe."

مَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابُهُ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ مَرَّ الظَّهْرَانِ فِي عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَسَبَّعَتْ سُلَيْمٌ وَأَلَّفَتْ مُزَيْنَةُ وَفِي كُلِّ الْقَبَائِلِ عَدَدٌ وَإِسْلَامٌ وَأَوْعَبَ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ فَلَمْ يَتَخَلَّفْ عَنْهُ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ وَقَدْ عَمِيَتِ الْأَخْبَارُ عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَلَا يَأْتِيَهُمْ خَبَرُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا يَدْرُونَ مَا هُوَ صَانِعٌ وَكَانَ أَبُو سُفْيَانُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ قَدْ لَقِيَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَنِيَّةَ الْعِقَابِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ مَكَّةَ وَالْمَدِينَةِ فَالْتَمَسَا الدُّخُولَ عَلَيْهِ فَكَلَّمَتْهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ابْنُ عَمِّكَ وَابْنُ عَمَّتِكَ وَصِهْرُكِ فَقَالَ «لَا حَاجَةَ لِي فِيهِمَا أَمَّا ابْنُ عَمِّي فَهَتَكَ عِرْضِي وَأَمَّا ابْنُ عَمَّتِي وَصِهْرِي فَهُوَ الَّذِي قَالَ لِي بِمَكَّةَ مَا قَالَ» فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ الْخَبَرُ إِلَيْهِمَا بِذَلِكَ وَمَعَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ ابْنٌ لَهُ فَقَالَ وَاللَّهِ لَيَأَذْنَنَّ رَسُولُ ﷺ أَوْ لَآخُذَنَّ بِيَدِ ابْنِي هَذَا ثُمَّ لَنَذْهَبَنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ حَتَّى نَمُوتَ عَطَشًا أَوْ جُوعًا فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَقَّ لَهُمَا فَدَخَلَا عَلَيْهِ فَأَنْشَدَهُ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ قَوْلَهُ فِي إِسْلَامِهِ وَاعْتِذَارِهِ مِمَّا كَانَ مَضَى فِيهِ فَقَالَ [البحر الطويل] لَعَمْرُكَ إِنِّي يَوْمَ أَحْمِلُ رَايَةً لِتَغْلِبَ خَيْلُ اللَّاتِ خَيْلَ مُحَمَّدِ لَكَا لِمُدْلِجِ الْحَيْرَانُ أَظْلَمَ لَيْلَةً فَهَذَا أَوَانُ الْحَقِّ أَهْدِي وَأَهْتَدِي فَقُلْ لِثَقِيفٍ لَا أُرِيدُ قِتَالَكُمْ وَقُلْ لِثَقِيفٍ تِلْكَ عِنْدِي فَاوْعَدِي هَدَانِي هَادٍ غَيْرَ نَفْسِي وَدَلَّنِي إِلَى اللَّهِ مَنْ طَرَدْتُ كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ أَفِرُّ سَرِيعًا جَاهِدًا عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ وَأَدَّعِي وَلَوْ لَمْ أَنْتَسِبْ لِمُحَمَّدِ هُمْ عُصْبَةُ مَنْ لَمْ يَقُلْ بِهَواهُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ ذَا رَأْيٍ يُلِمْ وَيُفَنَّدِ أُرِيدُ لِأَرِضِيَهُمْ وَلَسْتُ بِلَافِظٍ مَعَ الْقَوْمِ مَا لَمْ أُهْدَ فِي كُلِّ مَقْعَدِ فَمَا كُنْتُ فِي الْجَيْشِ الَّذِي نَالَ عَامِرًا وَلَا كَلَّ عَنْ خَيْرٍ لِسَانِي وَلَا يَدِي قَبَائِلُ جَاءَتْ مِنْ بِلَادٍ بَعِيدَةٍ تَوَابِعُ جَاءَتْ مِنْ سِهَامٍ وَسُرْدَدِ وَإِنَّ الَّذِي أَخَرَجْتُمْ وَشَتَمْتُمْ سَيَسْعَى لَكُمْ سَعْيَ امْرِئٍ غَيْرِ قَعْدَدِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا أَنْشَدَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى اللَّهِ مَنْ طُرِدْتُ كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ ضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَدْرِهِ فَقَالَ «أَنْتَ طَرَدْتَنِي كُلَّ مَطْرَدِ» قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ «مَاتَتْ أُمُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْأَبْوَاءِ وَهِيَ تَزُورُ خَوَالَهَا مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ»

[Machine] The sons of Saad ibn Bakr, Dimam ibn Tha'laba, were sent to the Messenger of Allah. They came to us and I tied their camel at the gate of the mosque. Then they entered upon the Messenger of Allah, who was sitting in the mosque with his companions. He asked them, "Which one of you is the son of Abdul-Muttalib?" The Messenger of Allah replied, "I am the son of Abdul-Muttalib." He said, "Muhammad?" The Messenger of Allah replied, "Yes." He said, "O Muhammad, I have a question for you, and I am persistent in it. Do not find me offensive. For I do not find it in myself." He said, "Ask about what you have in mind." He said, "I ask you by Allah, your God, the God of those before you, and the God of those who will come after you: Did Allah send you to us as a messenger?" The Messenger of Allah replied, "By Allah, yes." He said, "I ask you by Allah, your God, the God of those before you, and the God of those who will come after you: Did Allah command you that we worship Him alone and not associate anything with Him, and that we reject these idols and false gods that our forefathers used to worship?" The Messenger of Allah replied, "By Allah, yes." Then he began mentioning the obligations of Islam, one by one, starting with prayer, then zakah, fasting, and Hajj, reciting them after each obligation, just as he recited them before. When he finished, he said, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and that you are His servant and messenger. I will fulfill these obligations and avoid what you have prohibited me from doing. I will not increase or decrease in them." Then he turned around and returned to his camel. The Messenger of Allah said as he was leaving, "If the two idols are truthful, he will enter Paradise." Dimam was a tall, hairy man with prominent shoulders. He came with his camel and released its reins until he came to his people. They gathered around him and the first thing he said was cursing Lat and Uzza. They said, "What is wrong with you, O Dimam? Beware of leprosy, madness, and insanity!" He said, "Woe to you! By Allah, neither of them can harm or benefit. Allah has sent a messenger and revealed a book to you, which has saved you from what you were in. I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and that Muhammad is His servant and messenger. I have come to you from him with what he has commanded you and what he has forbidden you. By Allah, not a single man or woman in the city today is not a Muslim." Ibn Abbas said, "We have not heard of a group coming that was better than Dimam ibn Tha'laba. Both the two sheikhs agreed to remove from their book the story of Dimam entering the city, and neither of them narrated the complete hadith. This is authentic." Authentic.

بَعَثَ بَنُو سَعْدِ بْنِ بَكْرٍ ضِمَامَ بْنَ ثَعْلَبَةَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْنَا فَأَنَاخَ بَعِيرَهُ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَعَقَلَهُ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ جَالِسٌ مَعَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ أَيُّكُمُ ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَا ابْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ إِنِّي سَائِلُكَ وَمُغَلِّظٌ عَلَيْكَ فِي الْمَسْأَلَةِ فَلَا تَجِدَنَّ عَلَيَّ فِي نَفْسِكَ فَإِنِّي لَا أَجِدُ فِي نَفْسِي قَالَ «سَلْ عَمَّا بَدَا لَكَ» قَالَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ قَبْلَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ هُوَ كَائِنٌ بَعْدَكَ آللَّهُ بَعَثَكَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا؟ قَالَ «اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ» قَالَ أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ إِلَهَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ قَبْلَكَ وَإِلَهَ مَنْ هُوَ كَائِنٌ بَعْدَكَ آللَّهُ أَمَرَكَ أَنْ نَعْبُدَهُ وَلَا نُشْرِكَ بِهِ شَيْئًا وَأَنْ نَخْلَعَ هَذِهِ الْأَوْثَانَ وَالْأَنْدَادَ الَّتِي كَانَ آبَاؤُنَا يَعْبُدُونَ؟ فَقَالَ ﷺ اللَّهُمَّ «نَعَمْ» ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَذْكُرُ فَرَائِضَ الْإِسْلَامِ فَرِيضَةً فَرِيضَةً الصَّلَاةَ وَالزَّكَاةَ وَالصِّيَامَ وَالْحَجَّ وَفَرَائِضَ الْإِسْلَامِ كُلَّهَا يَنْشُدُهُ عِنْدَ كُلِّ فَرِيضَةٍ كَمَا أَنْشُدُهُ فِي الَّتِي كَانَ قَبْلَهَا حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّكَ عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَسَأُؤَدِّي هَذِهِ الْفَرَائِضَ وَأَجْتَنِبُ مَا نَهَيْتَنِي عَنْهُ لَا أَزِيدُ وَلَا أَنْقُصُ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَاجِعًا إِلَى بَعِيرِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ وَلَّى «إِنْ يَصْدُقْ ذُو الْعَقِيصَتَيْنِ يَدْخُلِ الْجَنَّةَ» وَكَانَ ضِمَامُ رَجُلًا جَلْدًا أَشْعَرَ ذَا غَدِيرَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ أَتَى بَعِيرَهُ فَأَطْلَقَ عِقَالَهُ حَتَّى قَدِمَ عَلَى قَوْمِهِ فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهِ فَكَانَ أَوَّلُ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ وَهُوَ يَسُبُّ اللَّاتَ وَالْعُزَّى فَقَالُوا مَهْ يَا ضِمَامُ اتَّقِ الْبَرَصَ وَالْجُذَامَ وَالْجُنُونَ فَقَالَ وَيْلَكُمْ إِنَّهُمَا وَاللَّهِ لَا يَضُرَّانِ وَلَا يَنْفَعَانِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ بَعَثَ رَسُولًا وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ كِتَابًا اسْتَنْقَذَكُمْ بِهِ مِمَّا كُنْتُمْ فِيهِ وَإِنِّي أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَإِنِّي قَدْ جِئْتُكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِهُ بِمَا أَمَرَكُمْ بِهِ وَنَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَمْسَى ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ مِنْ حَاضِرَتِهِ رَجُلٌ وَلَا امْرَأَةٌ إِلَّا مُسْلِمًا قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَمَا سَمِعْنَا بِوَافِدِ قَوْمٍ كَانَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ ضِمَامِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ «وَقَدِ اتَّفَقَ الشَّيْخَانِ عَلَى إِخْرَاجِ وُرُودِ ضِمَامٍ الْمَدِينَةَ وَلَمْ يَسُقْ وَاحِدٌ مِنْهُمَا الْحَدِيثَ بِطُولِهِ وَهَذَا صَحِيحٌ» صحيح

[Machine] Indeed, the Prophet ﷺ spent ten years following people in their homes during the season of Manazil, Muzdalifah, and 'Ukaz. He would ask, "Who will shelter me? Who will support me until I convey the messages of my Lord, and for him is Paradise?" Yet, he would find no one to support him or shelter him. And there would be a man who would leave from Egypt or Yemen to bring him back to his people, and they would warn him, "Beware of the young Quraishi boy who will tempt you." He would walk among their tents, calling them to Allah Almighty, and they would point at him with their fingers. Then Allah sent us from Yathrib (Medina), and the man from among us would meet him, believe in him, and teach him the Quran. He would then return to his people, and they would embrace Islam until there was not a single house among the houses of the Ansar without Muslims in it. We sent a message to Allah, and He allowed us to gather and meet. We said, "How long will the Messenger of Allah ﷺ be expelled in the mountains of Makkah and live in fear?" So we set out until we reached him in Muzdalifah during the pilgrimage season. We made an agreement with him at 'Aqabah, and his uncle, al-'Abbas, said to him, "O son of my brother, I do not know who these people who have come to you are. I have knowledge of the people of Yathrib, so we gathered with a man, and when al-'Abbas looked at our faces, he said, 'These are people we do not know. They are young men.' So we said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what do we pledge allegiance to you on?' He said, 'Pledge allegiance to me on hearing and obeying, in times of energy and times of laziness, on spending in times of ease and times of hardship, on commanding good and forbidding evil, and on not blaming us for what we do in the name of Allah. Pledge allegiance to me on supporting me when I come to you, and withholding from what you withhold from yourselves, your wives, and your children. And for you is Paradise.' So we pledged allegiance to him, and Sa'd bin Zurarah, the youngest among the seventy, took his hand and said, 'O people of Yathrib, none of us withholds his hand from this pledge, and we will never quit it.' So we went to him, each man one by one, and he took our pledge to grant us Paradise."

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَبِثَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ يَتْبَعُ النَّاسَ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ وَمَجَنَّةِ وَعُكَاظٍ وَمَنَازِلِهِمْ مِنْ مِنَىً «مَنْ يُؤْوِينِي مَنْ يَنْصُرُنِي حَتَّى أُبَلِّغَ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي فَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ؟» فَلَا يَجِدُ أَحَدًا يَنْصُرُهُ وَلَا يُؤْوِيَهُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَرْحَلُ مِنْ مِصْرَ أَوْ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ إِلَى ذِي رَحِمِهِ فَيَأْتِيهِ قَوْمُهُ فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ احْذَرْ غُلَامَ قُرَيْشٍ لَا يَفْتِنَّنَكَ وَيَمْشِي بَيْنَ رِحَالِهِمْ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷻ يُشِيرُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَصَابِعِ حَتَّى بَعَثَنَا اللَّهُ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَيَأْتِيهِ الرَّجُلُ مِنَّا فَيُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَيُقْرِئُهُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَيُسْلِمُونَ بِإِسْلَامِهِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ دَارٌ مِنْ دُورِ الْأَنْصَارِ إِلَّا وَفِيهَا رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُظْهِرُونَ الْإِسْلَامَ وَبَعَثَنَا اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ فَائْتَمَرْنَا وَاجْتَمَعْنَا وَقُلْنَا حَتَّى مَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُطْرَدُ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ وَيَخَافُ فَرَحَلْنَا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ فَوَاعَدَنَا بَيْعَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عَمُّهُ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي لَا أَدْرِي مَا هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ الَّذِينَ جَاءُوكَ إِنِّي ذُو مَعْرِفَةٍ بِأَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَرَجُلَيْنِ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ الْعَبَّاسُ فِي وُجُوهِنَا قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ لَا نَعْرِفُهُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ أَحْدَاثٌ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَا نُبَايِعُكَ؟ قَالَ «تُبَايعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَعَلَى النَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَقُولُوا فِي اللَّهِ لَا تَأْخُذْكُمْ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَنْصُرُونِيَ إِذَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَتَمْنَعُونِي مِمَّا تَمْنَعُونَ عَنْهُ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ» فَقُمْنَا نُبَايِعُهُ وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ وَهُوَ أَصْغَرُ السَّبْعِينَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ رُوَيْدًا يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ إِنَّا لَمْ نَضْرِبْ إِلَيْهِ أَكْبَادَ الْمَطِيِّ إِلَّا وَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَأَنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُ الْيَوْمَ مُفَارَقَةُ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً وَقَتْلُ خِيَارِكُمْ وَأَنَّ يَعَضَّكُمُ السَّيْفُ فَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَصْبِرُونَ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا مَسَّتْكُمْ وَعَلَى قَتْلِ خِيَارِكُمْ وَمُفَارَقَةِ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً فَخُذُوهُ وَأَجْرُكُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ خِيفَةً فَذَرُوهُ فَهُوَ عُذْرٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ﷻ فَقَالُوا يَا أَسْعَدُ أَمِطْ عَنَّا يَدَكَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا نَذَرُ هَذِهِ الْبَيْعَةَ وَلَا نَسْتَقِيلُهَا قَالَ فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا لِيُعْطِيَنَا بِذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةَ

[Machine] From his father Rifaa'ah ibn Rafee', who witnessed the Battle of Badr with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ : He (the Prophet) and his cousin Mu'adh ibn 'Afra'ah went out until they reached Makkah. When they descended from Thaniyyah, they saw a man under a tree. The Prophet said, "Let us approach this man, so that we may entrust him with our belongings and make Tawaf around the Kaaba." We greeted him with the pre-Islamic form of greeting and he responded to us with the Islamic greeting. We had heard of the Prophet ﷺ , so we denied it and asked him, "Who are you?" He said, "Come down." We descended and said, "Where is the man who claims and says what he says?" He said, "I am him." So I said, "Present yourself to me." He presented Islam to us and said, "Who created the heavens, the earth, and the mountains?" We said, "Allah created them." He said, "Then who created you?" We said, "Allah created us." He said, "Then who created these idols that you worship?" We said, "We made them ourselves." He said, "The Creator is more deserving of worship than the created. You are more deserving of being worshiped, as you made them, but Allah is more deserving of being worshiped than something you made." I invite you to worship Allah alone, testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and I am the Messenger of Allah. I also invite you to maintain kinship ties and refrain from oppression and transgression." We said, "By Allah, if what you are calling us to is false, then it would be among the noblest of matters and the best of characters." So we entrusted him with our belongings until we could go to the Kaaba. Mu'adh ibn 'Afra'ah sat with him and said, "I went to the Kaaba, performed Tawaf, and came out with seven cups. I gave him one of them and said, 'O Allah, if what Muhammad is calling to is true, then remove his cup seven times.'" He struck it seven times and each time, it emitted a sound. So I shouted, 'I bear witness that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah.' People gathered around me saying, 'This man is insane, he struck the cup seven times and it still made a sound.' I said, 'No, by Allah, he is a believer.' Then I went up to a high place in Makkah, and when Mu'adh saw me, he said, 'Indeed, Rifaa'ah has come with a face that nothing has ever harmed before.' So I came to him, believed in him, and Allah's Messenger ﷺ taught us Surah Yusuf. We recited, "In the name of your Lord who created" until we reached the verse, "We will return to our family." When we were in 'Aqiq, Mu'adh said, 'I have never spent a night away from my family before, so let me stay here until morning.' So I spent the night with him and I had never done what I did before. Rifaa'ah would always present himself to his people after returning from a journey.

عَنْ أَبِيهِ رِفَاعَةَ بْنِ رَافِعٍ وَكَانَ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ وَابْنُ خَالَتِهِ مُعَاذُ بْنُ عَفْرَاءَ حَتَّى قَدِمَا مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا هَبِطَا مِنَ الثَّنِيَّةِ رَأَيَا رَجُلًا تَحْتَ شَجَرَةٍ قَالَ وَهَذَا قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ السِّتَّةِ الْأَنْصَارِيِّينَ قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَأَيْنَاهُ كَلَّمْنَاهُ فَقُلْنَا نَأْتِي هَذَا الرَّجُلَ نَسْتَوْدِعُهُ حَتَّى نَطُوفَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَسَلَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ تَسْلِيمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَرَدَّ عَلَيْنَا بِسَلَامٍ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ وَقَدْ سَمِعْنَا بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَنْكَرْنَا فَقُلْنَا مَنْ أَنْتَ؟ قَالَ «انْزِلُوا» فَنَزَلْنَا فَقُلْنَا أَيْنَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي يَدَّعِي وَيَقُولُ مَا يَقُولُ؟ فَقَالَ «أَنَا» فَقُلْتُ فَاعْرِضْ عَلَيَّ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْنَا الْإِسْلَامَ وَقَالَ «مَنْ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ وَالْجِبَالَ؟» قُلْنَا خَلَقَهُنَّ اللَّهُ قَالَ «فَمَنْ خَلَقَكُمْ؟» قُلْنَا اللَّهُ قَالَ «فَمَنَ عَمِلَ هَذِهِ الْأَصْنَامَ الَّتِي تَعْبُدُونَهَا؟» قُلْنَا نَحْنُ قَالَ «فَالْخَالِقُ أَحَقُّ بِالْعِبَادَةِ أَمِ الْمَخْلُوقِ فَأَنْتُمْ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَعْبُدَكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ عَمِلْتُمُوهَا وَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ عَمِلْتُمُوهُ وَأَنَا أَدْعُو إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ وَشَهَادَةِ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَصِلَةِ الرَّحِمِ وَتَرْكِ الْعُدْوَانِ بِغَصْبِ النَّاسِ» قُلْنَا لَا وَاللَّهِ لَوْ كَانَ الَّذِي تَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ بَاطِلًا لَكَانَ مِنْ مَعَالِي الْأُمُورِ وَمَحَاسِنِ الْأَخْلَاقِ فَأَمْسِكْ رَاحِلَتَنَا حَتَّى نَأْتِيَ بِالْبَيْتِ فَجَلَسَ عِنْدَهُ مُعَاذُ بْنُ عَفْرَاءَ قَالَ فَجِئْتُ الْبَيْتَ فَطُفْتُ وَأَخْرَجْتُ سَبْعَةَ أَقْدَاحٍ فَجَعَلْتُ لَهُ مِنْهَا قَدَحًا فَاسْتَقْبَلْتُ الْبَيْتَ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ مَا يَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ حَقًّا فَأَخْرِجْ قَدَحَهُ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَضَرَبْتُ بِهَا فَخَرَجَ سَبْعَ مَرَّاتٍ فَصَحَّتْ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَاجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَيَّ وَقَالُوا مَجْنُونٌ رَجُلٌ صَبَأَ قُلْتُ بَلْ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ إِلَى أَعْلَى مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا رَآنِي مُعَاذٌ قَالَ لَقَدْ جَاءَ رِفَاعَةُ بِوَجْهٍ مَا ذَهَبَ بِمِثْلِهِ فَجِئْتُ وَآمَنْتُ وَعَلَّمَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُورَةَ يُوسُفَ وَاقْرَأْ بِسْمِ رَبِّكَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ ثُمَّ خَرَجْنَا رَاجِعِينَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا كُنَّا بِالْعَقِيقِ قَالَ مُعَاذُ إِنِّي لَمْ أَطْرُقْ أَهْلِي لَيْلًا قَطُّ فَبِتْ بِنَا حَتَّى نُصْبِحَ فَقُلْتُ أَبِيتُ وَمَعِي مَا مَعِي مِنَ الْخَبَرِ مَا كُنْتُ لِأَفْعَلَ وَكَانَ رِفَاعَةُ إِذَا خَرَجَ سَفَرًا ثُمَّ قَدِمَ عَرَضَ قَوْمُهُ

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Madinah after leaving Ta'if, Bujair Ibn Zuhair Ibn Abi Salma wrote a letter to his brother Ka'b Ibn Zuhair Ibn Abi Salma informing him that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had killed some men in Makkah who used to insult and harm him. He also mentioned that the remaining poets of Quraysh, Ibn Al-Ziba'ra and Hubayrah Ibn Abi Wahb, had fled in every direction. He advised Ka'b to seek forgiveness from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ if he had any need, as the Messenger would not kill anyone who came to him repentant. If he did not do so, he should flee for his own safety. Ka'b responded to his brother's message with a poem in which he praised the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and expressed his fear for his own life. It is mentioned that Ka'b showed this poem to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , and it became well-known. Ka'b then left until he reached Madinah, where he stayed with a man who had a connection with him from Juhayna tribe. The next morning, he went with this man to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was praying Fajr (before sunrise). Ka'b prayed with the people and then the man pointed to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Approach him and seek his safety." The man later told Ka'b that he had approached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and placed his hand in His hand, but the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not recognize him. Ka'b said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am Ka'b Ibn Zuhair, who has come to you seeking safety and repentance. Would you accept it from me if I bring him to you?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "Yes." Ka'b then said, "O Messenger of Allah, I am Ka'b Ibn Zuhair."

لَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ مُنْصَرَفَهُ مِنَ الطَّائِفِ وَكَتَبَ بُجَيْرُ بْنُ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سَلْمَى إِلَى أَخِيهِ كَعْبِ بْنِ زُهَيْرِ بْنِ أَبِي سُلْمَى يُخْبِرُهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ «قَتَلَ رِجَالًا بِمَكَّةَ مِمَّنْ كَانَ يَهْجُوهُ وَيُؤْذِيهِ» وَأَنَّهُ مَنْ بَقِيَ مِنْ شُعَرَاءِ قُرَيْشٍ ابْنِ الزِّبَعْرَى وَهُبَيْرَةَ بْنِ أَبِي وَهْبٍ قَدْ هَرَبُوا فِي كُلِّ وَجْهٍ فَإِنْ كَانَتْ لَكَ فِي نَفْسِكَ حَاجَةً فَطِرْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَقْتُلُ أَحَدًا جَاءَهُ تَائِبًا وَإِنْ أَنْتَ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَانْجُ بِنَفْسِكَ إِلَى نَجَائِكَ وَقَدْ كَانَ كَعْبٌ قَالَ أَبْيَاتًا نَالَ فِيهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى رُوِيَتْ عَنْهُ وَعُرِفَتْ وَكَانَ الَّذِي قَالَ [البحر الطويل] أَلَا أَبْلِغَا عَنِّي بُجَيْرًا رِسَالَةً وَهَلْ لَكَ فِيمَا قُلْتُ وَيْلَكَ هَلَكَا فَخَبَّرْتَنِي إِنْ كُنْتُ لَسْتُ بِفَاعِلٍ عَلَى أَيِّ شَيْءٍ وَيْحَ غَيْرِكَ دَلَّكَا عَلَى خَلْقٍ لَمْ تُلْفِ أَمًّا وَلَا أَبًا عَلَيْهِ وَلَمْ تُلِفِ عَلَيْهِ أَبًا لَكَا فَإِنْ أَنْتَ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ فَلَسْتَ بِآسِفٍ وَلَا قَائِلٍ لَمَّا عَثَرْتَ لِعَالِكَا سَقَاكَ بِهَا الْمَأْمُونُ كَأْسًا رَوِيَّةً فَأَنْهَلَكَ الْمَأْمُونُ مِنْهَا وَعَلَّكَا قَالَ وَإِنَّمَا قَالَ كَعْبٌ الْمَأْمُونُ لِقَوْلِ قُرَيْشٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكَانَتْ تَقُولُهُ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ كَعْبٌ ذَلِكَ ضَاقَتْ بِهِ الْأَرْضُ وَأَشْفَقَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَأَرْجَفَ بِهِ مَنْ كَانَ فِي حَاضِرِهِ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ فَقَالُوا هُوَ مَقْتُولٌ فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَجِدْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ بَدَا قَالَ قَصِيدَتَهُ الَّتِي يَمْدَحُ فِيهَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَذَكَرَ خَوْفَهُ وَإِرْجَافَ الْوُشَاةِ بِهِ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَنَزَلَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ كَانَتْ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُ مَعْرِفَةٌ مِنْ جُهَيْنَةٍ كَمَا ذُكِرَ لِي فَغَدَا بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ فَصَلَّى مَعَ النَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَشَارَ لَهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَاسْتَأْمِنْهُ فَذَكَرَ لِي أَنَّهُ قَامَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى وَضَعَ يَدَهُ فِي يَدِهِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَعْرِفُهُ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ كَعْبَ بْنَ زُهَيْرٍ جَاءَ لِيَسْتَأْمِنَ مِنْكَ تَائِبًا مُسْلِمًا هَلْ تَقْبَلُ مِنْهُ إِنْ أَنَا جِئْتُكَ بِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنَا كَعْبُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍسكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ stayed for ten years, tracing people in their homes during the season, in Muhjanah, 'Ukaz, and in their homes in Mina. He would say, 'Who will shelter me and support me until I deliver the messages of my Lord, and Paradise will be his?' But he ﷺ did not find anyone to support or shelter him until a man would leave Egypt or Yemen and his people would come to him and say, 'Beware of the Quraysh boy who walks among their caravans, inviting them to Allah.' They would point him out until Allah sent to him someone from Yathrib (Madina). The man would come to him, believe in him, and recite the Qur'an to him. Then he would return to his people, and they would embrace Islam until there was not a single house in Yathrib without a group of Muslims openly practicing Islam. They (the Muslims) consulted with each other and said, 'How long will the Messenger of Allah ﷺ be expelled and in fear in the mountains of Makkah?' So we set off until we reached him during the season. The people of 'Aqabah promised him and 'Abbas, his uncle, addressed the people of Yathrib, saying, 'O people of Yathrib, we gathered with him by a man and two men. When he looked at our faces, he said, 'These are people I don't know, they are young people.' We said, 'O Messenger of Allah, what do you want us to pledge allegiance to you upon?' He said, 'Pledge allegiance to me upon hearing and obeying, in times of ease and difficulty, in matters of expenditure and hardship, and in commanding good and forbidding evil. And that you do not reproach me about Allah if you are not pleased with something, and that you support me when I come to you, denying me what you deny yourselves, your wives, and your children. Paradise will be yours.' So we pledged allegiance to him, and he took the hand of As'ad bin Zurarah, who was the youngest of the seventy except me. He said, 'O people of Yathrib, we never struck the liver of any animal except that we knew he was the Messenger of Allah, and his expulsion today is the separation of all the Arab tribes, and the killing of your best men. If you wish, you bear this burden and the reward will be with Allah, and if you fear for your own selves, leave him alone, for he is the most deserving to be excused before Allah.' They said, 'O As'ad, remove your hand from us. By Allah, we will not abandon this pledge nor break it.' So a man stood up and took the hand of 'Abbas, and guaranteed its fulfillment with Paradise.

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَبِثَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ يَتَتَبَّعُ النَّاسَ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ وَمَجَنَّةَ وَعُكَاظٍ وَفِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ بِمِنًى يَقُولُ «مَنْ يُؤْوِينِي وَيَنْصُرُنِي حَتَّى أُبَلِّغَ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي وَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ؟ » فَلَا يَجِدُ ﷺ أَحَدًا يَنْصُرُهُ وَلَا يُؤْوِيهِ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَرْحَلُ مِنْ مِصْرَ أَوْ مِنَ الْيَمَنِ إِلَى ذِي رَحِمِهِ فَيَأْتِيهِ قَوْمُهُ فَيَقُولُونَ لَهُ احْذَرْ غُلَامَ قُرَيْشٍ لَا يَفْتِنْكَ وَيَمْشِي بَيْنَ رِحَالِهِمْ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ فَيُشِيرُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِالْأَصَابِعِ حَتَّى بَعَثَنَا اللَّهُ لَهُ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَيَأْتِيهِ الرَّجُلُ فَيُؤْمِنُ بِهِ وَيُقْرِئُهُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَيُسْلِمُونَ بِإِسْلَامِهِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ دَارٌ مِنْ دُورِ يَثْرِبَ إِلَّا وَفِيهَا رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُظْهِرُونَ الْإِسْلَامَ فَائْتَمَرَنَا وَاجْتَمَعْنَا فَقُلْنَا حَتَّى مَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُطْرَدُ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ وَيَخَافُ؟ فَرَحَلْنَا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ فَوَاعَدَنَا شِعْبَ الْعَقَبَةِ فَقَالَ عَمُّهُ الْعَبَّاسُ يَا * أَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَرَجُلَيْنِ فَلَمَّا نَظَرَ * فِي وجُوهِنَا قَالَ هَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمٌ لَا أَعْرِفُهُمْ هَؤُلَاءِ أَحْدَاثٌ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَا نُبَايِعُكَ؟ قَالَ «تُبَايعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَعَلَى النَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَقُولُوا فِي اللَّهِ لَا يَأْخُذْكُمْ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَنْصُرُونِي إِذَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَتَمْنَعُونِي مَا تَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ فَلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ» فَقُمْنَا نُبَايِعُهُ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ وَهُوَ أَصْغَرُ السَّبْعِينَ إِلَّا أَنَا قَالَ رُوَيْدًا يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ إِنَّا لَمْ نَضْرِبْ إِلَيْهِ أَكْبَادَ الْمَطِيِّ إِلَّا وَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَإِنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُ الْيَوْمَ مُفَارَقَةُ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً وَقَتْلَ خِيَارِكُمْ وَأَنْ تَعَضَّكُمُ السُّيُوفُ فَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَصْبِرُونَ عَلَيْهَا إِذَا مَسَّتْكُمْ وَعَلَى قَتْلِ خِيَارِكُمْ وَمُفَارَقَةِ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً فَخُذُوهُ وَأَجْرُكُمْ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَإِمَّا أَنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ خِيفَةً فَذَرُوهُ فَهُوَ أَعْذَرُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ قَالُوا يَا أَسْعَدُ أَمِطْ عَنَّا يَدَكَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَا نَذَرُ هَذِهِ الْبَيْعَةَ وَلَا نَسْتَقِيلُهَا قَالَ فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ رَجُلٌ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا شَرِيطَةَ الْعَبَّاسِ وَضَمِنَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةَ

[Machine] When it was Monday, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ removed the curtain of the room and saw Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq praying with the people. He said, "I looked at his face, and it was as if it was a page of the Quran, and he was smiling. We almost got distracted in our prayers out of joy of seeing the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ." Abu Bakr intended to move, but when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gestured to him, he stayed in his place. Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ opened the curtain and performed his prayer. On the same day, he passed away. Umar ibn Al-Khattab stood up and said, "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not die, but he was sent to him as Moses was sent to him, and he resided among his people for forty nights. By Allah, I hope that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ will live until he cuts off the hands of men from the hypocrites and silences their tongues, who claim that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ has died." Al-Zuhri reported that Anas ibn Malik informed him that he heard the speech of Umar ibn Al-Khattab about the Hereafter when he sat on the pulpit of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day after his death. Umar and Abu Bakr were quiet and did not speak, then Umar said, "As for the yesterday's statement, it was not as I said, and by Allah, I did not find the statement that I said in a book revealed by Allah or in a covenant given to me by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . But I hoped that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would live until he settles our affairs. If Muhammad ﷺ has indeed died, then Allah has placed among you a light, by which you will be guided. Hold fast to it, and be guided by what Allah has guided Muhammad ﷺ to. And indeed, Abu Bakr, the companion of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , is the second of the two. And he is the most deserving among you of your affairs. So pledge allegiance to him. And indeed, a group of them had already pledged allegiance to him in Saqifah Bani Sa'idah. And the pledge of the common people was on the pulpit."

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الِاثْنَيْنِ كَشَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُتْرَةَ الْحُجْرَةِ فَرَأَى أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ وَهُوَ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى وَجْهِهِ كَأَنَّهُ وَرَقَةُ مُصْحَفٍ وَهُوَ يَتَبَسَّمُ فَكِدْنَا أَنْ نَفْتَتِنَ فِي صَلَاتِنَا فَرَحًا بِرُؤْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَرَادَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ أَنْ يَنْكُصَ حِينَ جَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «كَمَا أَنْتَ» ثُمَّ أَرْخَى السِّتْرَ وَتُوُفِّيَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَمُتْ وَلَكِنَّهُ أُرْسِلَ إِلَيْهِ كَمَا أُرْسِلَ إِلَى مُوسَى فَمَكَثَ فِي قَوْمِهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرْجُو أَنْ يَعِيشَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى يَقْطَعَ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَأَلْسِنَتَهُمْ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ مَاتَ قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ خُطْبَةَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ الْآخِرَةَ حِينَ جَلَسَ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَذَلِكَ الْغَدَ مِنْ يَوْمِ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فَتَشَهَّدَ عُمَرُ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ صَامِتٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي قُلْتُ أَمْسَ مَقَالَةً وَإِنَّهَا لَمْ تَكُنْ كَمَا قُلْتُ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ مَا وَجَدْتُ الْمَقَالَةَ الَّتِي قُلْتُ فِي كِتَابٍ أَنْزَلَهُ اللَّهُ وَلَا فِي عَهْدٍ عَهِدَهِ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَكِنِّي كُنْتُ أَرْجُو أَنْ يَعِيشَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى يَدْبُرَنَا يُرِيدُ بِذَلِكَ أَنْ يَكُونَ آخِرَهُمْ فَإِنْ يَكُ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ قَدْ مَاتَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ جَعَلَ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِكُمْ نُورًا تَهْتَدُونَ بِهِ فَاعْتَصِمُوا بِهِ تَهْتَدُوا لِمَا هَدَى اللَّهُ مُحَمَّدًا ﷺ ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ صَاحِبُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَثَانِي اثْنَيْنِ وَإِنَّهُ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِأُمُورِكُمْ فَقُومُوا فَبَايِعُوهُ وَكَانَتْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ قَدْ بَايَعُوهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ وَكَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ الْعَامَّةِ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ

[Machine] He once stood as a preacher and mentioned a hadith in his sermon about the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Samurah, one of the Ansar, said, "There was a young boy with me, and we used to throw arrows at a target during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . When the sun rose, it would shine in the eyes of the onlooker like the tip of a spear or two spears turned black. One of us said to his companion, 'Let's go to the Mosque of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and, by Allah, the sun will rise today and mention a hadith to the Messenger of Allah in his ummah.' So, we went towards the mosque until we encountered the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he came out and straightened his back and prayed. He stood with us as long as he ever stood in prayer, to the point where we could not hear his voice. Then he stood up and did the same in the second raka'ah. Then he sat, and as he sat, the sunlight cleared. He gave the Salam and left, and he praised Allah and glorified Him, and testified that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, and that he is the servant of Allah and His Messenger. Then he said, 'O people, I am only human, a Messenger who warns you about Allah. If you know that I have omitted anything in conveying the message of my Lord, then let me know.' The people said, 'We bear witness that you have conveyed the message of your Lord, advised your ummah, and fulfilled what was upon you.' Then he said, 'As for what follows, there are people who claim that when an eclipse occurs for the sun and moon, and when stars are removed from their positions due to the death of great men from the people of the earth, they are lying. Rather, these are the signs of Allah by which He frightens His servants. Thus, let those of them who will repent, as by Allah, I have seen things that you have not encountered in your worldly affairs nor in your Hereafter since I stood praying. And by Allah, the Hour will not be established until thirty liars will emerge, one of whom is the one-eyed False Messiah (Dajjal), whose eye is like the raised lump of flesh on the side of 'Abi Talha, the blind man, between him and the room of 'A'ishah. It will appear that he (Dajjal) is Allah, so whoever believes in him, confirms his belief in him, and follows him, then his good deeds will not benefit him from the account of his past deeds. And he (Dajjal) will appear on the entire earth except for the Haram and the blessed land of Al-Masjid al-Aqsa. And truly, he will drive the Muslims towards Al-Masjid al-Aqsa, where they will be besieged intensely."

قَامَ يَوْمًا خَطِيبًا فَذَكَرَ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ حَدِيثًا عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ سَمُرَةُ بَيْنَا أَنَا وَغُلَامٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ نَرْمِي غَرَضًا لَنَا عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا طَلَعَتِ الشَّمْسُ فَكَانَتْ فِي عَيْنِ النَّاظِرِ قِيدَ رُمْحٍ أَوْ رُمْحَيْنِ اسْوَدَّتْ فَقَالَ أَحَدُنَا لِصَاحِبِهِ انْطَلَقَ بِنَا إِلَى مَسْجِدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوَاللَّهِ لَتُحْدِثَنَّ هَذِهِ الشَّمْسُ الْيَوْمَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِي أُمَّتِهِ حَدِيثًا قَالَ فَدَفَعْنَا إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَوَافَقْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ خَرَجَ فَاسْتَقَامَ فَصَلَّى فَقَامَ بِنَا كَأَطْوَلِ مَا قَامَ فِي صَلَاةٍ قَطُّ لَا نَسْمَعُ لَهُ صَوْتًا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَفَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ بِالرَّكْعَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ ثُمَّ جَلَسَ فَوَافَقَ جُلُوسَهُ تَجَلِّي الشَّمْسِ فَسَلَّمَ وَانْصَرَفَ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ وَشَهِدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ «يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّمَا أَنَا بَشَرٌ رَسُولٌ أُذَكِّرُكُمْ بِاللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي قَصَّرْتُ عَنْ شَيْءٍ بِتَبْلِيغِ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّي لَمَّا أَخْبَرْتُمُونِي» فَقَالَ النَّاسُ نَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ قَدْ بَلَّغْتَ رِسَالَاتِ رَبِّكِ وَنَصَحْتَ لِأُمَّتِكَ وَقَضَيْتَ الَّذِي عَلَيْكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ «أَمَا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ رِجَالًا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ كُسُوفَ هَذِهِ الشَّمْسِ وَكُسُوفَ هَذَا الْقَمَرِ وَزَوَالِ هَذِهِ النُّجُومِ عَنْ مَطَالِعِهَا لِمَوْتِ رِجَالٍ عُظَمَاءَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ وَإِنَّهُمْ كَذَبُوا وَلَكِنَّهَا آيَاتُ اللَّهِ يَعْتَبِرُ بِهَا عِبَادُهُ لَيَنْظُرَ مَنْ يُحَدِّثُ مِنْهُمْ تَوْبَةً وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ مَا أَنْتُمْ لَاقُونَ فِي أَمْرِ دُنْيَاكُمْ وَأَخِرَتِكُمْ مُذْ قُمْتُ أُصَلِّي وَإِنَّهُ وَاللَّهِ مَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى يَخْرُجَ ثَلَاثُونَ كَذَّابًا أَحَدُهُمُ الْأَعْوَرُ الدَّجَّالُ مَمْسُوحُ عَيْنِ الْيُسْرَى كَأَنَّهَا عَيْنُ أَبِي تِحْيَى شَيْخٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ حُجْرَةِ عَائِشَةَ خَشَبَةٌ وَإِنَّهُ مَتَى يَخْرُجُ فَإِنَّهُ سَوْفَ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ اللَّهُ فَمَنْ آمَنَ بِهِ وَصَدَّقَهُ وَاتَّبَعَهُ فَلَيْسَ يَنْفَعُهُ عَمِلٌ صَالِحٌ مِنْ عَمِلٍ سَلَفَ وَإِنَّهُ سَيَظْهَرُ عَلَى الْأَرْضِ كُلِّهَا غَيْرَ الْحَرَمِ وَبَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ وَإِنَّهُ يَسُوقُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ فَيُحَاصَرُونَ حِصَارًا شَدِيدًا»

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was once prominent among the people when a man came to him walking and said, "O Muhammad, what is faith?" He said, "To believe in Allah, His angels, His messengers, and the Day of Judgement, and to believe in the resurrection after death." The man asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?" He said, "To worship Allah alone and not associate anything with Him, to establish the obligatory prayers, to pay the obligatory charity, and to fast during the month of Ramadan." The man then asked, "O Muhammad, what is excellence (ihsan)?" He said, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot see Him, then know that He sees you." Finally, the man asked, "O Muhammad, when will the Hour (the Day of Judgement) occur?" He replied, "The one being asked about it knows no more than the questioner, but I will inform you of its signs. When the servant girl gives birth to her master, and you see the barefooted, naked, destitute shepherds competing in the construction of tall buildings, that is among its signs. The knowledge of the Hour belongs only to Allah {Indeed, Allah [alone] has knowledge of the Hour} [Quran 31:34]." Then the man left, and the Prophet ﷺ said, "That was Gabriel who came to teach the people their religion."

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمًا بَارِزًا لِلنَّاسِ إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ يَمْشِي فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَلِقَائِهِ وَتُؤْمِنَ بِالْبَعْثِ الْآخِرِ» قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ «لَا تُشْرِكُ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ الْمَكْتُوبَةَ وَتُؤَدِّي الزَّكَاةَ الْمَفْرُوضَةَ وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ» قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ» قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ فَمَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ «مَا الْمَسْئُولُ عَنْهَا بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ وَسَأُحَدِّثُكَ عَنْ أَشْرَاطِهَا إِذَا وَلَدَتِ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَرَأَيْتَ الْعُرَاةَ الْحُفَاةَ رُءُوسَ النَّاسِ فِي خَمْسٍ لَا يَعْلَمُهُنَّ إِلَّا اللَّهُ {إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ} الْآيَةَ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ الرَّجُلُ فَالْتَمَسُوهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهُ فَقَالَ «ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَ النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ»

[Machine] “He entrusted me with the speech, so we said, ‘O Abu Abdur-Rahman, some people have appeared among us who recite the Quran excessively and seek knowledge excessively. They claim that there is no predestination and that everything is a result of mere chance.’ He said, ‘If you meet them, inform them that I disassociate myself from them and they disassociate themselves from me.’ Ibn Umar swore an oath that if any of them were to spend gold equal to Uhud, it would not be accepted from him unless he believed in predestination. Then he said, ‘Umar ibn Al-Khattab narrated to us that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting when a man with extremely black hair and exceedingly white clothes came to him and placed his foot on the Prophet’s foot and said, ‘O Muhammad, what is Islam?’ He said, ‘To testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, to establish prayer, to give Zakah, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj if one is able.’ He said, ‘You have spoken the truth.’ We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, ‘Inform me about Iman.’ He said, ‘To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Resurrection, and in destiny, both its good and its evil.’ He said, ‘You have spoken the truth.’ We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, ‘Inform me about Ihsan.’ He said, ‘To worship Allah as if you see Him, for even though you do not see Him, He sees you.’ He said, ‘Inform me about the Hour.’ He said, ‘The one questioned about it knows no more than the questioner.’ He said, ‘Then tell me about its signs.’ He said, ‘The slave girl will give birth to her master, and you will see the barefooted, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings.’ Then he went away. So I stayed there for a long time, and then he said, ‘O Umar, do you know who that questioner was?’ I said, ‘Allah and His Messenger know best.’ He said, ‘That was Jibril (Gabriel). He came to teach you your religion.’”

Translation: He entrusts me with speech, so we said, "O Abu Abdur-Rahman, some people have appeared among us who excessively recite the Quran and seek knowledge. They claim that there is no predestination and that everything is a result of mere chance." He said, "If you meet them, inform them that I disassociate myself from them and they disassociate themselves from me." Ibn Umar swore an oath that if any of them were to spend gold equal to Uhud, it would not be accepted from him unless he believed in predestination. Then he said, "Umar ibn Al-Khattab narrated to us that one day the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting when a man with extremely black hair and exceedingly white clothes came to him and placed his foot on the Prophet's foot and said, 'O Muhammad, what is Islam?' He said, 'To testify that there is no deity worthy of worship except Allah, to establish prayer, to give Zakah, to fast in Ramadan, and to perform Hajj if one is able.' He said, 'You have spoken the truth.' We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, 'Inform me about Iman.' He said, 'To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Resurrection, and in destiny, both its good and its evil.' He said, 'You have spoken the truth.' We were amazed that he asked him and then confirmed the truth of his answers. He said, 'Inform me about Ihsan.' He said, 'To worship Allah as if you see Him, for even though you do not see Him, He sees you.' He said, 'Inform me about the Hour.' He said, 'The one questioned about it knows no more than the questioner.' He said, 'Then tell me about its signs.' He said, 'The slave girl will give birth to her master, and you will see the barefooted, naked, destitute shepherds competing in constructing tall buildings.' Then he went away. So I stayed there for a long time, and then he said, 'O Umar, do you know who that questioner was?' I said, 'Allah and His Messenger know best.' He said, 'That was Jibril (Gabriel). He came to teach you your religion.'"

أَنَّهُ يَكِلُ الْكَلَامَ إِلَيَّ فَقُلْنَا يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَدْ ظَهَرَ عِنْدَنَا أُنَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ يَتَقَفَّرُونَ الْعِلْمَ تَقَفُّرًا يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ وَأَنَّ الْأَمْرَ أُنُفٌ قَالَ فَإِنْ لَقِيتَهُمْ فَأَعْلِمْهُمْ أَنِّي مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ وَهُمْ مِنِّي بُرَآءُ وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ أَنْفَقَ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا ثُمَّ لَمْ يُؤْمِنْ بِالْقَدَرِ لَمْ يُقْبَلْ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ جَالِسًا إِذْ جَاءَ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ اللِّحْيَةِ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ فَوَضَعَ رُكْبَتَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ «شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَصَوْمُ رَمَضَانَ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَعَجِبْنَا مِنْ سُؤَالِهِ إِيَّاهُ وَتَصْدِيقِهِ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللَّهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ رُسُلِهِ وَالْبَعْثِ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ حُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا مِنْ سُؤَالِهِ إِيَّاهُ وَتَصْدِيقِهِ إِيَّاهُ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللَّهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ» قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ «مَا الْمَسْؤُولُ بِأَعْلَمَ مِنَ السَّائِلِ» قَالَ فَمَا أَمَارَتُهَا؟ قَالَ «أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبُنْيَانِ» قَالَ فَتَوَلَّى وَذَهَبَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ فَلَقِيَنِي النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَعْدَ ثَالِثَةٍ فَقَالَ «يَا عُمَرُ أَتَدْرِي مَنِ الرَّجُلُ؟ » قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ «ذَاكَ جِبْرِيلُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ»

[Machine] The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was not supported in a place where he was supported in the Battle of Uhud and this was denied to him. Ibn Abbas said, "Between me and those who deny the Book of Allah, Allah says, 'And Allah has already fulfilled His promise to you when you were killing them with His permission.'" Ibn Abbas said, "The word 'until' in the verse means 'until he forgave you'," and this refers to the archers. This is because the Prophet ﷺ had stationed them at their position and he said, 'Protect our backs. If you see us being killed, do not come to our aid, and if you see us being victorious and gaining spoils, do not share with us.' So when Allah granted victory to the Prophet ﷺ and allowed him to attack the disbelievers, the archers left their positions and entered the battlefield to collect spoils, and the rows of the Prophet's companions became scattered. They were in this state when the horses from that location attacked the Prophet's ﷺ companions. They began striking one another, and many Muslims were killed. From the beginning of the day until the time when the standard-bearer of the disbelievers was killed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions faced seven or nine of the enemy's division. The Muslims launched an attack against the horses, but they were not successful. The people said that the cave was beneath them, and the Shaytan shouted, 'Muhammad has been killed, so do not doubt it.' He said, 'And we do not doubt that he has indeed been killed,' until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ emerged between the two mountains and we recognized him by the way he walked. He said, 'So we rejoiced as if we had not been afflicted with what we had been afflicted with.' He said, 'Then he came to us while saying, 'The anger of Allah has intensified over a people who shed the blood of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ.' And he said again, 'O Allah, they cannot defeat us until they come to us.' So he stayed for an hour, and then Abu Sufyan shouted from beneath the mountain, 'Declare your superiority, O Hubal! Where is the son of Abu Kabsha? Where is the son of Abu Quhafa? Where is the son of Al-Khattab?' Umar said, 'O Messenger of Allah, shall I answer him?' He said, 'Yes.' So when Abu Sufyan said, Declare your superiority, O Hubal!' Umar said, 'Allah is the Most High and the Most Honorable.' Abu Sufyan said, 'O son of Al-Khattab, you have obtained some good fortune, but today you have come face to face with its like.' Umar said, 'This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, this is Abu Bakr, and this is Umar.' Abu Sufyan said, 'There are days that alternate with one another, and this is a battle where lives are lost.' Umar said, 'Killing us does not compare to being killed in Paradise.' Abu Sufyan said, 'You believe that?' Umar said, 'Indeed, if that is what you think, then we have lost and been defeated.' Then Abu Sufyan said, 'You will find in our killing you similar to our being killed.' And this was not according to our opinion. Then he was met by Hamiyah, the chief of the idolaters, and he said, 'Indeed, what you have said is something we do not deny.'"

مَا نُصِرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي مَوْطِنٍ نَصْرَهُ فِي أُحُدٍ فَأُنْكِرَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ مَنْ يُنْكِرُ كِتَابُ اللهِ إِنَّ اللهَ يَقُولُ {وَلَقَدْ صَدَقَكُمُ اللهُ وَعْدَهُ إِذْ تَحُسُّونَهُمْ بِإِذْنِهِ} فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَالْحَسُّ الْقَتْلُ {حَتَّى إِذَا فَشِلْتُمْ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَلَقَدْ عَفَا عَنْكُمْ وَاللهُ ذُو فَضْلٍ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} وَإِنَّمَا عَنَى بِهَذَا الرُّمَاةَ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَقَامَهُمْ فِي مَرْصَدٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ «احْمُوا ظُهُورَنَا فَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا نُقْتَلُ فَلَا تَنْصُرُونَا وَإِنْ رَأَيْتُمُونَا قَدْ غَنِمْنَا فَلَا تَشْرَكُونَا» فَلَمَّا غَنَّمَ اللهُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَبَاحَهُ عَسْكَرَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ انْكَفَّتِ الرُّمَاةُ جَمِيعًا فَدَخَلُوا الْعَسْكَرَ يَنْتَهِبُونَ وَقَدِ الْتَفَّتْ صُفُوفُ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَهُمْ هَكَذَا وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ الْيُمْنَى وَالْيُسْرَى فَلَمَّا أَخْلَتِ الرُّمَاةُ تِلْكَ الْحُلَّةَ الَّتِي كَانُوا فِيهَا دَخَلَتِ الْخَيْلُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْمَوْضِعِ عَلَى أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا وَقُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ نَاسٌ كَثِيرٌ وَقَدْ كَانَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ حَتَّى مِنْ أَصْحَابِ لِوَاءِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ سَبْعَةً أَوْ تِسْعَةً وَجَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ جَوْلَةً نَحْوَ الْخَيْلِ وَلَمْ يَبْلُغُوا حَيْثُ يَقُولُ النَّاسُ الْغَارَ إِنَّمَا كَانُوا تَحْتَ الْمِهْرَاسِ وَصَاحَ الشَّيْطَانُ قُتِلَ مُحَمَّدٌ فَلَمْ نَشُكَّ فِيهِ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ قَالَ وَإِنَّا كَذَلِكَ لَا نَشُكُّ أَنَّهُ حَقٌّ قَدْ قُتِلَ حَتَّى طَلَعَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ الشِّعْبَيْنِ فَعَرَفْتُهُ بِتَكَفُّئِهِ إِذَا مَشَى قَالَ فَفَرِحْنَا حَتَّى كَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يُصِبْنَا مَا أَصَابَنَا قَالَ فَرَقَى نَحْوَنَا وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللهِ عَلَى قَوْمٍ دَمَوْا وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ» قَالَ وَيَقُولُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى «اللهُمَّ إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ لَهُمْ أَنْ يَعْلُونَا حَتَّى يَنْتَهُوا إِلَيْنَا» فَمَكَثَ سَاعَةً وَإِذَا أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَصِيحُ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ الْجَبَلِ اعْلُ هُبَلُ يَعْنِي آلِهَتَهُ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ؟ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَفَلَا أُجِيبُهُ؟ قَالَ «بَلَى» قَالَ فَلَمَّا قَالَ اعْلُ هُبَلُ قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ اللهُ أَعْلَى وَأَجَلُّ قَالَ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ إِنَّكَ قَدْ أَنْعَمْتَ فَعَادَ لِمِثْلِهَا فَقَالَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي كَبْشَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَيْنَ ابْنُ الْخَطَّابِ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ هَذَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَهَذَا أَنَا عُمَرُ فَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ يَوْمٌ بِيَوْمِ بَدْرٍ إِنَّ الْأَيَّامَ دُوَلٌ وَإِنَّ الْحَرْبَ سِجَالٌ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ لَا سَوَاءَ قَتْلَانَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَقَتْلَاكُمْ فِي النَّارِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَزْعُمُونَ ذَلِكَ لَقَدْ خِبْنَا إِذًا وَخَسِرْنَا ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ أَمَا إِنَّكُمْ سَتَجِدُونَ فِي قَتْلَاكُمْ مُثْلًا وَلَمْ يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ عَنْ رَأْيِ كُبَرَائِنَا ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَتْهُ حَمِيَّةُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَقَالَ أَمَا إِنَّهُ كَانَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ نَكْرَهْهُ

[Machine] O Abu Abdur-Rahman, indeed we are traveling and we meet people who say there is no predestination. So, if you meet them, inform them that Ibn Umar is innocent from them. We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when a man came to him, handsome in appearance, with a pleasant fragrance and clean clothes. He greeted the Prophet ﷺ and asked, "Can I come close to you?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Approach." So, he came closer until his knees touched the knees of the Prophet ﷺ . Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam? "The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to testify that there is no god but Allah and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, to give zakat, to perform Hajj pilgrimage to the House of Allah, fasting in the month of Ramadan, and to perform ablution from impurity." The man asked, "If I do that, am I a Muslim?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." The man asked again, "Tell me about faith (Iman)." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and destiny, both its good and bad aspects." The man asked, "If I do that, am I a believer?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." The man then asked, "Tell me about excellence (Ihsan)." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you do not see Him, then know that He sees you." The man asked, "If I do that, am I a person of excellence?" The Prophet ﷺ replied, "Yes." We said, "We have never seen anyone more virtuous in appearance, with a better fragrance, and showing more respect to the Prophet ﷺ than this man. When the man left, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Do you know who this man was?" We replied, "Allah and His Messenger know best." The Prophet ﷺ said, "This was Gabriel ﷺ . He came to teach you your religion."

يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّا نُسَافِرُ فَنَلْقَى أَقْوَامًا يَقُولُونُ لَا قَدَرَ قَالَ فَإِذَا لَقِيتَ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرْهُمْ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ مِنْهُمْ بَرِيءٌ كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ أَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ نَقِيُّ الثَّوْبِ فَقَالَ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَدْنُو مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ «ادْنُهْ» فَدَنَا دَنْوَةً قَالَ ذَلِكَ مِرَارًا حَتَّى اصْطَكَّتَا رُكْبَتَاهُ رُكْبَتَيِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ «شَهَادَةُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللهِ وَإِقَامُ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءُ الزَّكَاةِ وَحَجُّ الْبَيْتِ وَصِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ وَالْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَمَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ «الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْقِيَامَةِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ وَحُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ مِنَ اللهِ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُؤْمِنٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَمَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ «تَعْبُدُ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ» قَالَ فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأَنَا مُحْسِنٌ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قُلْنَا مَا رَأَيْنَا رَجُلًا أَحْسَنَ وَجْهًا وَلَا أَطْيَبَ رِيحًا وَأَشَدَّ تَوْقِيرًا لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَقَوْلُهُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ صَدَقْتَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ فَقُمْنَا وَقُمْتُ أَنَا عَلَى طَرِيقٍ مِنْ طُرُقِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمْ نَرَ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «هَلْ تَدْرُونَ مَنْ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ مَنَاسِكَ دِينِكُمْ مَا أَتَانِي فِي صُورَةٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا هَذِهِ الصُّورَةَ»

[Machine] A man from Ethiopia came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and asked him. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Ask and inquire." The man said, "O Messenger of Allah, you have been favored over us with appearance, colors, and prophethood. Have you considered that if I believed in what you believe in and did what you did, would I be with you in Paradise?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Yes." Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "You have been favored over us with appearance, colors, and prophethood. Have you considered that if I believed in what you believe in and knew what you knew, would I be with you in Paradise?" The man said, "Yes." Then the Prophet ﷺ said, "By the One in whose hand is my soul, the whiteness of blackness in Paradise can be seen from a distance of a thousand years' travel." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever says 'There is no deity but Allah' will have a covenant with Allah. And whoever says, 'Glory be to Allah and praise be to Him,' one hundred thousand good deeds will be written for him, and four and twenty thousand good deeds more." A man asked, "How can one be destroyed after this, O Messenger of Allah?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, a man will come on the Day of Resurrection with deeds as great as a mountain, but Allah will render them insignificant as dust. The blessings from the blessings of Allah will almost expire, except by the grace of Allah." This Surah was revealed, "Has there not come upon man a period of time when he was not a thing mentioned?" until His saying, "And a great kingdom." Al-Habashi said, "Indeed, my two eyes have seen what your two eyes cannot see in Paradise." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Yes." Then he wept until his soul passed away. Ibn 'Umar said, "I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ placing him in his grave with his own hand."

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْحَبَشَةِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَسْأَلُهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «سَلْ وَاسْتَفْهِمْ» فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فُضِّلْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا بِالصُّوَرِ وَالْأَلْوَانِ وَالنُّبُوَّةِ؛ أَفَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ آمَنْتُ بِمِثْلِ مَا آمَنْتَ بِهِ وعَمِلْت مِثْلَ مَا عَمِلْتَ بِهِ إِنِّي لَكَائِنٌ مَعَكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فُضِّلْتُمْ عَلَيْنَا بِالصُّوَرِ وَالْأَلْوَانِ وَالنُّبُوَّةِ؛ أَفَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ آمَنْتُ بِمِثْلِ مَا آمَنْتَ بِهِ وَعَلِمْتُ مِثْلَ مَا عَمِلْتَ بِهِ إِنِّي لَكَائِنٌ مَعَكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنَّهُ لَيُرَى بَيَاضُ الْأَسْوَدِ فِي الْجَنَّةِ مِنْ مَسِيرَةِ أَلْفِ عَامٍ» ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَنْ قَالَ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ كَانَ لَهُ بِهَا عَهْدٌ عِنْدَ اللهِ وَمَنْ قَالَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ وَبِحَمْدِهِ كُتِبَتْ لَهُ مِائَةُ أَلْفِ حَسَنَةٍ وَأَرْبَعَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ أَلْفَ حَسَنَةٍ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ كَيْفَ يَهْلِكُ بَعْدُ هَذَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَأْتِي يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ بِالْعَمَلِ وَلَوْ وُضِعَ عَلَى جَبَلٍ لَاتَّقَلَهُ فَتَقُومُ النِّعْمَةُ مِنْ نِعَمِ اللهِ فَيَكَادُ أَنْ يُسْتَنْفَذَ ذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ إِلَّا أَنْ يَتَطَاوَلَ اللهُ بِرَحْمَتِهِ» وَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ السُّورَةُ {هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْإِنْسَانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئًا مَذْكُورًا} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَمُلْكًا كَبِيرًا} قَالَ الْحَبَشِيُّ وَإِنَّ عَيْنَيَّ لَتَرَيَانِ مَا تَرَى عَيْنَاكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» فَاسْتَبْكَى حَتَّى فَاضَتْ نَفْسُهُ قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ «لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُدَلِّيهِ فِي حُفْرَتِهِ بِيَدِهِ»

[Machine] While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , a man came forward with a pleasant face, good features, and a pleasant fragrance. We were amazed by his good looks, features, and fragrance, so he greeted the Prophet ﷺ and then stood up and asked, "Can I come closer, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Yes." So he came closer, then stood up and asked again, "Can I come closer, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Yes." He came even closer until his thigh was next to the thigh of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his leg was next to his leg. Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is faith?" He replied, "To believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His messengers, the Day of Judgment, and destiny, both good and bad." He said, "You have spoken the truth." We were amazed by his statement that he spoke the truth to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Islam?" He replied, "To testify that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, to establish prayer, give Zakat, fast in Ramadan, perform Hajj, and to cleanse oneself from impurity." He said, "You have spoken the truth." We were amazed by his affirmation of the Messenger of Allah's statement. Then he asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what is Ihsan?" He replied, "To worship Allah as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion, then know that He sees you." He said, "You have spoken the truth." We were amazed by his affirmation of the Messenger of Allah's statement. Then he turned back and left. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Go after the man." We searched for him but couldn't find him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then said, "This was Gabriel who came to teach you your religion, that whenever he came to me before, I recognized him except in this form."

بَيْنَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَقْبَلَ حَسَنُ الْوَجْهِ حَسَنُ الشَّارَةِ طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لِحُسْنِ وَجْهِهِ وَشَارَتِهِ وَطِيبِ رِيحِهِ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ أَأَدْنُو يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ «نَعَمْ» قَالَ فَدَنَا ثُمَّ قَامَ قَالَ فَعَجِبْنَا لِتَوْقِيرِهِ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَأَدْنُو يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَدَنَا حَتَّى وَضَعَ فَخِذَهُ عَلَى فَخِذِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَرِجْلَهُ عَلَى رِجْلِهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْبَعْثِ مِنْ بَعْدِ الْمَوْتِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْقَدَرِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ وَحُلْوِهِ وَمُرِّهِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا لِقَوْلِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَدَقْتَ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ تَشْهَدُ أَنَّ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ وَتَغْتَسِلَ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا لِتَصْدِيقِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا الْإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ تَخْشَى اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ فَتَعَجَّبْنَا لِتَصْدِيقِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ انْكَفَأَ رَاجِعًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «عَلَيَّ بِالرَّجُلِ» فَطَلَبْنَاهُ فَلَمْ نَجِدْهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «هَذَا جِبْرِيلُ جَاءَ لِيُعَلِّمَكُمْ أَمْرَ دِينِكُمْ وَمَا أَتَانِي قَطُّ إِلَّا عَرَفْتُهُ إِلَّا فِي صُورَتِهِ هَذِهِ»

Hittan ibn Abdullah ar-Ruqashi said: AbuMusa al-Ash'ari led us in prayer. When he sat at the end of his prayer, one of the people said: Prayer has been established by virtue and purity. When AbuMusa returned (from his prayer or finished his prayer), he gave his attention to the people, and said: Which of you is the speaker of such and such words? The people remained silent. Which of you is the speaker of such and such words? The people remained silent. He said: You might have said them, Hittan. He replied: I did not say them. I was afraid you might punish me. One of the people said: I said them and I did not intend by them (anything) except good. AbuMusa said: Do you not know how you utter (them) in your prayer? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ addressed us, and taught us and explained to us our way of doing and taught us our prayer. He said: When you pray a (congregational) prayer, straighten your rows, then one of you should lead you in prayer. When he says the takbir (Allah is Most Great), say the takbir, and when he recites verses "Not of those upon whom is Thy anger, nor of those who err" (i.e. the end of Surah i.), say Amin; Allah will favour you. When he says "Allah is most great," and bows, say "Allah is most great" and bow, for the imam will bow before you, and will raise (his head) before you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: This is for that. When he says "Allah listens to the one who praises Him," say: "O Allah, our Lord, to Thee be praise, Allah be praised," Allah will listen to you, for Allah, the Exalted, said by the tongue of His Prophet ﷺ: "Allah listens to the one who praises Him." When he says "Allah is most great" and prostrates, say: "Allah is most great" and prostrate, for the imam prostrates before you and raises his head before you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: This is for that. When he sits, each one of you should say "The adorations of the tongue, all good things, and acts of worship are due to Allah. Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and Allah's mercy and His blessings. Peace be upon us and upon Allah's upright servants. I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and Apostle." This version of Ahmad does not mention the words "and His blessings" nor the phrase "and I testify"; instead, it has the words "that Muhammad." (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 972)

رَجُلٌ خَلْفَهُ أُقِرَّتِ الصَّلَاةُ بِالْبِرِّ وَالزَّكَاةِ فَلَمَّا قَضَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ صَلَاتَهُ قَالَ أَيُّكُمُ الْقَائِلُ كَلِمَةَ كَذَا وَكَذَا؟ فَأَرَمَّ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالَ لِي يَا حِطَّانُ لَعَلَّكَ قُلْتَهَا قُلْتُ مَا قُلْتُهَا وَلَقَدْ رَهِبْتُ أَنْ تَبْكَعَنِي بِهَا قَالَ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ أَمَا تَعْلَمُونَ مَا تَقُولُونَ فِي صَلَاتِكُمْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ خَطَبَنَا فَعَلَّمَنَا سُنَّتَنَا وَبَيَّنَ لَنَا صَلَاتَنَا فَقَالَ أَقِيمُوا صُفُوفَكُمْ ثُمَّ لِيَؤُمَّكُمْ أَحَدُكُمْ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ الْإِمَامُ فَكَبِّرُوا وَإِذَا قَرَأَ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ فَقُولُوا آمِينَ يُجِبْكُمُ اللهُ وَإِذَا رَكَعَ فَارْكَعُوا فَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ يَرْكَعُ قَبْلَكُمْ وَيَرْفَعُ قَبْلَكُمْ قَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ فَتِلْكَ بِتِلْكَ وَإِذَا قَالَ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَقُولُوا اللهُمَّ رَبَّنَا لَكَ الْحَمْدُ يَسْمَعِ اللهُ لَكُمْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ قَالَ عَلَى لِسَانِ نَبِيِّهِ ﷺ سَمِعَ اللهُ لِمَنْ حَمِدَهُ فَإِذَا كَبَّرَ وَسَجَدَ فَكَبِّرُوا وَاسْجُدُوا فَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ يَسْجُدُ قَبْلَكُمْ وَيَرْفَعُ قَبْلَكُمْ قَالَ نَبِيُّ اللهِ ﷺ فَتِلْكَ بِتِلْكَ فَإِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْقَعْدَةِ فَلْيَكُنْ مِنْ أَوَّلِ قَوْلِ أَحَدِكُمْ التَّحِيَّاتُ الطَّيِّبَاتُ الصَّلَوَاتُ لِلَّهِ السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى عِبَادِ اللهِ الصَّالِحِينَ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed with the pilgrims in their dwellings for ten years during the seasons of Mijannah, 'Ukaz, and their dwellings in Mina. He asked, "Who will provide refuge and support me until I deliver the messages of my Lord? For him is Paradise." However, he did not find anyone who would provide refuge and support him, until a man from Makkah or Yemen would enter his companion's dwelling, and his people or relatives would warn him, saying, "Beware of this young man from Quraysh, he will harm you. He walks among your bags and invites you to Allah, pointing at him with his finger." Then Allah sent a man from Yathrib who believed in him and recited the Quran to him. He returned to his people and they embraced Islam until there was no house left in Yathrib except that it had a group of Muslims who openly declared their faith. Then Allah sent for him and we met and gathered seventy of us and said, "How long will the Messenger of Allah be driven away in the mountains of Makkah and fear? So we traveled until we reached him during the season. We made an appointment with the people of 'Aqabah and gathered there one man, then two men, until we met him there. We said, "O Messenger of Allah, why should we pledge allegiance to you?" He replied, "Pledge allegiance to me in hearing and obedience, in times of ease and difficulty, in hardship and ease, in commanding the good and forbidding the evil, and that you will not blame me for the sake of Allah, regardless of what happens. And that you will support me if I come to you in Yathrib and will protect me from that which you protect yourselves, your wives, and your children. And for you is Paradise." So we said, "We pledge allegiance to you." He took the hand of As'ad bin Zurarah, the youngest of the seventy men except me, and said, "O people of Yathrib, we have not struck the liver of a camel except that we knew that he is the Messenger of Allah and that his leaving today means the separation of all the Arabs and the killing of your best men. And the swords will bite you. But as for you, you are a people who can bear the biting of swords, the killing of your best men, and the separation of all the Arabs. Take him, and your reward is with Allah. But as for you, you fear for yourselves and hesitate, so leave him. He is the most careful for your sake in the sight of Allah." So they said, "Hold your hand, O As'ad bin Zurarah. By Allah, we will not abandon this pledge nor will we resign from it." So we stood up and approached him, one by one, agreeing to his conditions and receiving the promise of Paradise in return.

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَبِثَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ يَتْبَعُ الْحَاجَّ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ فِي الْمَوَاسِمِ بمَجَنَّةَ وَعُكَاظٍ وَمَنَازِلِهِمْ بِمِنًى؟ مَنْ يُؤْوِينِي وَيَنْصُرُنِي حَتَّى أُبَلِّغَ رِسَالِاتِ رَبِّي وَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ؟ فَلَمْ يَجِدْ أَحَدًا يُؤْوِيهِ وَيَنْصُرُهُ حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيُدْخِلُ صَاحِبَهُ مِنْ مِصْرَ وَالْيَمَنِ فَيَأْتِيهِ قَوْمُهُ أَوْ ذَوُو رَحِمِهِ فَيَقُولُونَ احْذَرْ فَتَى قُرَيْشٍ لَا يُصِيبُكَ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ رِحَالِهِمْ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللهِ يُشِيرُونَ إِلَيْهِ بِأَصَابِعِهِمْ حَتَّى يَبْعَثَ اللهُ مِنْ يَثْرِبَ فَيَأْتِيهِ الرَّجُلُ مِنَّا فَيُؤْمِنُ بِهِ ويُقْرِئُهُ الْقُرْآنَ فَيَنْقَلِبُ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَيُسْلِمُونَ بِإِسْلَامِهِ حَتَّى لَمْ يَبْقَ دَارٌ مِنْ دُورِ يَثْرِبَ إِلَّا فِيهَا رَهْطٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يُظْهِرُونَ الْإِسْلَامَ ثُمَّ يَبْعَثُ اللهُ فَائْتَمَرْنَا وَاجْتَمَعْنَا سَبْعِينَ رَجُلًا مِنَّا فَقُلْنَا حَتَّى مَتَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُطْرَدُ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ وَيَخَالُ أَوْ قَالَ وَيَخَافُ فَرَحَلْنَا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ الْمَوْسِمَ فَوَعَدَنَا شِعْبَ الْعَقَبَةِ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا فِيهِ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَرَجُلَيْنِ حَتَّى تَوَافَيْنَا فِيهِ عِنْدَهُ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَامَ نُبَايِعُكَ؟ قَالَ تُبَايِعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَعَلَى النَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَأَنْ تَقُولُوا فِي اللهِ لَا يَأْخُذُكُمْ فِي اللهِ لَوْمَةُ لَائِمٍ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَنْصُرُونِي إِنْ قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ يَثْرِبَ وَتَمْنَعُونِي مِمَّا تَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ فَقُلْنَا نُبَايِعُكَ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ أَسْعَدُ بْنُ زُرَارَةَ وَهُوَ أَصْغَرُ السَّبْعِينَ رَجُلًا إِلَّا أَنَا فَقَالَ رُوَيْدًا يَا أَهْلَ يَثْرِبَ إِنَّا لَمْ نَضْرِبْ إِلَيْهِ أَكْبَادَ الْمَطِيِّ إِلَّا وَنَحْنُ نَعْلَمُ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ وَأَنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُ الْيَوْمَ مُفَارَقَةُ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً وَقَتْلُ خِيَارِكُمْ وَأَنْ تَعَضَّكُمُ السُّيُوفُ وَأَمَّا أَنْتُمْ قَوْمٌ تَصْبِرُونَ عَلَى عَضِّ السُّيُوفِ وَقَتْلِ خِيَارِكُمْ وَمُفَارَقَةِ الْعَرَبِ كَافَّةً فَخُذُوهُ وَأَجْرُكُمْ عَلَى اللهِ وَأَمَّا أَنْتُمْ تَخَافُونَ مِنْ أَنْفُسِكُمْ خِيفَةً فَذَرُوهُ فَهُوَ أَعْذَرُ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللهِ فَقَالُوا أَخِّرْ عَنَّا يَدَكَ يَا أَسْعَدُ بْنَ زُرَارَةَ فَوَاللهِ لَا نَذَرُ هَذِهِ الْبَيْعَةَ وَلَا نَسْتَقِيلُهَا فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا يَأْخُذُ عَلَيْنَا شَرْطَهُ وَيُعْطِينَا عَلَى ذَلِكَ الْجَنَّةَ

[Machine] I saw Umar ibn Al-Khattab before he was struck by the days in Medina. He stood with Hudhaifah ibn Al-Yaman and Uthman ibn Hunayf and said, "How have you two managed to bear the burden of the earth that it cannot bear?" They said, "We have carried it by a command that it can bear." Hudhaifah said, "If I were to carry it, it would be weakened." Uthman ibn Hunayf said, "I have carried it by a command that it can bear, without any great favor." Umar then said, "See that you have not carried the burden of the earth that it cannot bear." They said, "No." Umar said, "If Allah grants me safety, I will leave the widows of Iraq without needing any man after me." He said, "Only four things came upon him until he was struck." He said, "And between me and him, there is no one except Abdullah ibn Abbas in the morning." He said, "And he used to stand between the rows. If he saw any disorder among them, he would say, 'Stand still until there is no disorder among them.' Then he would proceed and say the takbir." He said, "And perhaps he would recite Surah Yusuf or An-Nahl or something similar in the first raka'a until the people gathered." He said, "And it was only that he would say the takbir." He said, "I heard him say, 'The dog has killed me or the dog has eaten me,' when he was stabbed. Then he flew out of the wound with a double-edged knife that would not pass by anyone to the right or left except that it would stab him, until he stabbed thirteen men and nine of them died. When he saw that, a Muslim man threw a cloak on him. When the assassin thought that he had taken hold of him, he slit his own throat." He said, "And Umar held the hand of Abdullah ibn Awf and brought him forward." He said, "Who will take care of Umar? He has seen what he has seen." He said, "Regarding the surroundings of the mosque, they did not know anything except that they had lost the voice of Umar while they were saying, 'Subhan Allah, Subhan Allah.' Abdul-Rahman ibn Awf led them in a light prayer. When they finished, Umar said, 'O Ibn Abbas, see who killed me.' He went for a while and then came back and said, 'The slave of Al-Mughirah killed him.' He said, 'Really?' After they all spoke with their tongues and prayed towards their qibla and performed the Hajj according to their rites, he was brought to his house. We then left with him." He said, "And it was as if the people had not been affected by any calamity before that day. Some were saying, 'There is no harm,' while others were saying, 'We fear for him.' So they brought some wine and he drank it, and it came out of his wound. Then they brought some milk and he drank it, and it came out of his wound. They recognized that he was dead, and he mentioned this incident in his will and in the command to consult each other."

رَأَيْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَابَ بِأَيَّامٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَقَفَ عَلَى حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ الْيَمَانِ وَعُثْمَانَ بْنِ حُنَيْفٍ فَقَالَ كَيْفَ فَعَلْتُمَا تَخَافَانِ أَنْ تَكُونَا قَدْ حَمَّلْتُمَا الْأَرْضَ مَا لَا تُطِيقُ؟ قَالَا حَمَّلْنَاهَا أَمْرًا هِيَ لَهُ مُطِيقَةٌ وَقَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ لَوْ حَمَّلْتُ عَلَيْهَا أُضْعِفَتْ وَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ حُنَيْفٍ حَمَّلْتُهَا أَمْرًا هِيَ لَهُ مُطِيقَةٌ مَا فِيهَا كَبِيرُ فَضْلٍ قَالَ انْظُرْ أَلَّا تَكُونَا حَمَّلْتُمَا الْأَرْضَ مَا لَا تُطِيقُ قَالَا لَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ لَئِنْ سَلَّمَنِي اللهُ لَأَدَعَنَّ أَرَامِلَ الْعِرَاقِ لَا يَحْتَجْنَ إِلَى رَجُلٍ بَعْدِي قَالَ فَمَا أَتَتْ عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا أَرْبَعَةٌ حَتَّى أُصِيبَ قَالَ وَإِنِّي لَقَائِمٌ مَا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُ إِلَّا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ غَدَاةَ أُصِيبَ قَالَ وَكَانَ إِذَا مَرَّ بَيْنَ الصَّفَّيْنِ قَامَ فَإِنْ رَأَى خَلَلًا قَالَ اسْتَوُوا حَتَّى إِذَا لَمْ يَرَ فِيهِمْ خَلَلًا تَقَدَّمَ فَكَبَّرَ قَالَ وَرُبَّمَا قَرَأَ بِسُورَةِ يُوسُفَ أَوِ النَّحْلِ أَوْ نَحْوِ ذَلِكَ فِي الرَّكْعَةِ الْأُولَى حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعَ النَّاسُ قَالَ فَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ كَبَّرَ قَالَ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ قَتَلَنِي الْكَلْبُ أَوْ أَكَلَنِي الْكَلْبُ حِينَ طَعَنَهُ فَطَارَ الْعِلْجُ بِالسِّكِّينِ ذَاتِ طَرَفَيْنِ لَا يَمُرُّ عَلَى أَحَدٍ يَمِينًا وَلَا شِمَالًا إِلَّا طَعَنَهُ حَتَّى طَعَنَ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَمَاتَ مِنْهُمْ تِسْعَةٌ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ طَرَحَ عَلَيْهِ بُرْنُسًا فَلَمَّا ظَنَّ الْعِلْجُ أَنَّهُ مَأْخُوذٌ نَحَرَ نَفْسَهُ قَالَ وَتَنَاوَلَ عُمَرُ يَدَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ ؓ ا فَقَدَّمَهُ قَالَ فَمَنْ يلِي عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَدْ رَأَى الَّذِي رَأَى وَأَمَّا نَوَاحِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَإِنَّهُمْ لَا يَدْرُونَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ فَقَدُوا صَوْتَ عُمَرَ ؓ وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ سُبْحَانَ اللهِ قَالَ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ؓ صَلَاةً خَفِيفَةً فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفُوا قَالَ يَا ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ انْظُرْ مَنْ قَتَلَنِي فَجَالَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ غُلَامُ الْمُغِيرَةِ فَقَالَ الصَّنِعُ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ قَاتَلَهُ اللهُ لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أَمَرْتُ بِهِ مَعْرُوفًا فَالْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي لَمْ يجْعَلْ مِيتَتِي بِيَدِ رَجُلٍ يَدَّعِي الْإِسْلَامَ وَقَالَ قَدْ كُنْتَ أَنْتَ وَأَبُوكَ تُحِبَّانِ أَنْ تَكْثُرَ الْعُلُوجُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ قَالَ وَكَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ أَكْثَرَهُمْ رَقِيقًا فَقَالَ إِنْ شِئْتَ فَعَلْنَا أَيْ إِنْ شِئْتَ قَتَلْنَا قَالَ كَذَبْتَ بَعْدَمَا تَكَلَّمُوا بِلِسَانِكُمْ وَصَلَّوْا قِبْلَتَكُمْ وَحَجُّوا حَجَّكُمْ فَاحْتُمِلَ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ فَانْطَلَقْنَا مَعَهُ قَالَ وَكَأَنَّ النَّاسَ لَمْ تُصِبْهُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَبْلَ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَقَائِلٌ يَقُولُ لَا بَأْسَ وَقَائِلٌ يَقُولُ نَخَافُ عَلَيْهِ فَأُتِيَ بِنَبِيذٍ فَشَرِبَهُ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ جُرْحِهِ ثُمَّ أُتِيَ بِلَبَنٍ فَشَرِبَهُ فَخَرَجَ مِنْ جُرْحِهِ فَعَرَفُوا أَنَّهُ مَيِّتٌ وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي وَصَايَاهُ وَأَمْرِ الشُّورَى

The first to speak on Divine decree in al-Basrah was Maʿbad al Juhani. I and Humaid b. ʿAbd al-Rahman al-Himyari proceeded to perform Hajj or ʿUmrah. We said : would that we meet any of the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that we could ask him about what they say with regard to divine decree. So Allah helped us to meet ʿAbd Allah b. ʿUmar who was entering the mosque. So I and my companion surrounded him, and I thought that my companion would entrust me the task of speaking to him. Then I said : Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman, there appeared on our side some people who recite the Qur'an and are engaged in the hair-splitting of knowledge. They conceive that there is no Divine decree and everything happens freely without predestination. He said : When you meet those people, tell them that I am free from them, and they are free from me. By Him by Whom swears ‘Abd Allah b. ‘Umar, if one of them has gold equivalent to Uhud and he spends it, Allah will not accept it from him until he believes in Divine decree. He then said : ‘Umar b. Khattab transmitted to me a tradition, saying : One day when we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up to us. No mark of travel was visible on him, and we did not recognize him. Sitting down beside the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, leaning his knees against his and placing his hands on his thighs, he said : tell me, Muhammad, about Islam. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said : Islam means that you should testify that there is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is Allah’s Apostle, that you should observe prayer, pay Zakat, fast during Ramadan, and perform Hajj to the house (i.e., Kaʿbah), If you have the means to go. He said : You have spoken the truth. We were surprised at his questioning him and then declaring that he spoke the truth. He said : Now tell me about faith. He replied : It means that you should believe in Allah, his angels, his Books, his Apostles and the last day, and that you should believe in the decreeing both of good and evil. He said : You have spoken the truth. He said : now tell me about doing good (ihsan). He replied: It means that you should worship Allah as though you are seeing him; if you are not seeing him, he is seeing you. He said: Now tell me about the hour. He replied : The one who is asked about it is no better informed than the one who is asking. He said : Then tell me about its signs. He replied : That a maidservant should beget her mistress, and that you should see barefooted, naked, poor men and shepherds exalting themselves in buildings. ‘Umar said : He then went away, and I waited for three days, then he said : Do you know who the questioner was, ʿUmar? I replied : Allah and his Apostle know best. He said : He was Gabriel who came to you to teach you your religion. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4695)

فِي الْقَدَرِ فِي الْبَصْرَةِ مَعْبَدٌ الْجُهَنِيُّ فَانْطَلَقْنَا حُجَّاجًا أَنَا وَحُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا قُلْنَا لَوْ لَقِينَا بَعْضَ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَمَّا يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْقَوْمُ فِي الْقَدَرِ قَالَ فَوَافَقْنَا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ فَاكْتَنَفْتُهُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي أَحَدُنَا عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ شِمَالِهِ قَالَ يَحْيَى فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّ صَاحِبِي يَكِلُ الْكَلَامَ إِلِيَّ فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ إِنَّهُ ظَهَرَ قِبَلَنَا نَاسٌ يَقْرَءُونَ الْقُرْآنَ وَيَعْرِفُونَ الْعِلْمَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنْ لَا قَدَرَ إِنَّمَا الْأَمْرُ أُنُفٌ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَإِذَا لَقِيتُمْ أُولَئِكَ فَأَخْبِرُوهُمْ أَنِّي بَرِيءٌ مِنْهُمْ وَأَنَّهُمْ مِنِّي بَرَاءٌ وَالَّذِي يَحْلِفُ بِهِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ لَوْ أَنَّ لِأَحَدِهِمْ مِثْلَ أُحُدٍ ذَهَبًا فَأَنْفَقَهُ مَا قَبِلَهُ اللهُ ﷻ مِنْهُ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَ بِالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ قَالَ بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ إِذْ طَلَعَ رَجُلٌ شَدِيدُ بَيَاضِ الثِّيَابِ شَدِيدُ سَوَادِ الشَّعْرِ لَا يُرَى عَلَيْهِ أَثَرُ السَّفَرِ وَلَا نَعْرِفُهُ حَتَّى جَلَسَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْنَدَ رُكْبَتَهُ إِلَى رُكْبَتِهِ وَوَضَعَ كَفَّيْهِ عَلَى فَخِذَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِسْلَامِ مَا الْإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْإِسْلَامُ أَنَ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ وَتُقِيمَ الصَّلَاةَ وَتُؤْتِيَ الزَّكَاةَ وَتَصُومَ رَمَضَانَ وَتَحُجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ السَّبِيلَ فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ صَدَقْتَ قَالَ عُمَرُ عَجِبْنَا لَهُ يَسْأَلُهُ وَيُصَدِّقُهُ؟ ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِيمَانِ مَا الْإِيمَانُ؟ فَقَالَ الْإِيمَانُ أَنْ تُؤْمِنَ بِاللهِ وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرُسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ وَالْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ خَيْرِهِ وَشَرِّهِ فَقَالَ صَدَقْتَ فَقَالَ أَخْبِرْنِي عَنِ الْإِحْسَانِ فَقَالَ الْإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ اللهَ كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ فَإِنْ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ قَالَ فَحَدِّثْنِي عَنِ السَّاعَةِ مَتَى السَّاعَةُ؟ قَالَ مَا الْمَسْئُولُ بِأَعْلَمَ بِهَا مِنَ السَّائِلِ قَالَ فَأَخْبِرْنِي عَنْ أَمَارَتِهَا قَالَ أَنْ تَلِدَ الْأَمَةُ رَبَّتَهَا وَأَنْ تَرَى الْحُفَاةَ الْعُرَاةَ الْعَالَةَ رِعَاءَ الشَّاءِ يَتَطَاوَلُونَ فِي الْبِنَاءِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَلَبِثْتُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَا عُمَرُ مَا تَدْرِي مَنِ السَّائِلُ ؟ قُلْتُ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ قَالَ ذَاكَ جِبْرَئِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَتَاكُمْ يُعَلِّمُكُمْ دِينَكُمْ 20872 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحُسَيْنِ أنبأ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ أنبأ كَهْمَسٌ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ فَذَكَرَ مَعْنَاهُ

Now you have called for this lion who strikes (the enemies) with his tail. He then brought out his tongue and began to move it and said: By Him Who has sent you with Truth, I shall tear them with my tongue as the leather is torn. Thereupon Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Don't be hasty; (let) Abu Bakr who has the best know- ledge of the lineage of the Quraish draw a distinction for you in regard to my lineage, as my lineage is thesame as theirs. Hassan then came to him (Abu Bakr) and after making inquiry (in regard to the lineage of the Holy Prophet) came back to him (the holy Prophet) and said: Messenger of Allah, he (Abu Bakr) has drawn a distinction in vour lineage (and that of the Quraish) By Him Who has sent you with Truth, I shall draw out from them (your name) as hair is drawn out from the flour. 'A'isha said: I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying to Hassin: Verily Ruh-ul- Qudus would continue to help you so long as you put up a defence on behalf of Allah and His Messenger. And she said: I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: Hassan satirised against them and gave satisfaction to the (Muslims) and disquieted (the non-Muslims). You satirised Muhammad, but I replied on his behalf, And there is reward with Allah for this. You satirised Muhammad. virtuous, righteous, The Apostle of Allah, whose nature is truthfulness. So verily my father and his father and my honour Are a protection to the honour of Muhammad; May I lose my dear daughter, if you don't see her, Wiping away the dust from the two sides of Kada', They pull at the rein, going upward; On their shoulders are spears thirsting (for the blood of the enemy) ; our steeds are sweating-our women wipe them with their mantles. If you had not interfered with us, we would have performed the 'Umra, And (then) there was the Victory, and the darkness cleared away. Otherwise wait for the fighting on the day in which Allah will honour whom He pleases. And Allah said: I have sent a servant who says the Truth in which there is no ambiguity; And Allah said: I have prepared an army-they are the Ansar whose object is fighting (the enemy), There reaches every day from Ma'add abuse, or fighting or satire; Whoever satirises the Apostle from amongst you, or praises him and helps it is all the same, And Gabriel, the Messenger of Allah is among us, and the Holy Spirit who has no match. (Using translation from Muslim 2490)

اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ اهْجُوا قُرَيْشًا فَإِنَّهُ أَشَدُّ عَلَيْهَا مِنْ رَشْقِ النَّبْلِ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى ابْنِ رَوَاحَةَ فَقَالَ اهْجُ فَهَجَاهُمْ فَلَمْ يَرْضَ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَ إِلَى حَسَّانَ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ حَسَّانُ قَدْ آنَ لَكُمْ أَنْ تُرْسِلُوا إِلَى هَذَا الْأَسَدِ الضَّارِبِ بِذَنَبِهِ ثُمَّ أَدْلَعَ لِسَانَهُ فَجَعَلَ يُحَرِّكُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَأَفْرِيَنَّهُمْ بِلِسَانِي فَرْيَ الْأَدِيمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَا تَعْجَلْ فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَعْلَمُ قُرَيْشٍ بِأَنْسَابِهَا وَإِنَّ لِي فِيهِمْ نَسَبًا حَتَّى يُخَلِّصَ لَكَ نَسَبِي فَأَتَاهُ حَسَّانُ ثُمَّ رَجَعَ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ مَحَضَ لِي نَسَبَكَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَأَسُلَّنَّكَ مِنْهُمْ كَمَا تُسَلُّ الشَّعْرَةُ مِنَ الْعَجِينِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ فَسَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لِحَسَّانَ إِنَّ رُوحَ الْقُدُسِ لَا يَزَالُ يُؤَيِّدُكَ مَا نَافَحْتَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ هَجَاهُمْ حَسَّانُ فَشَفَى وَاشْتَفَى فَقَالَ حَسَّانُ [البحر الوافر] هَجَوْتَ مُحَمَّدًا فَأَجَبْتُ عَنْهُ وَعِنْدَ اللهِ فِي ذَاكَ الْجَزَاءُ هَجَوْتَ مُحَمَّدًا بَرًّا حَنِيفًا رَسُولَ اللهِ شِيمَتُهُ الْوَفَاءُ فَإِنَّ أَبِي وَوَالِدَهُ وَعِرْضِي لِعِرْضِ مُحَمَّدٍ مِنْكُمْ وِقَاءُ ثَكِلْتُ بُنَيَّتِي إِنْ لَمْ تَرَوْهَا تُثِيرُ النَّقْعَ مَوْعِدُهَا كَدَاءُ يُنَازِعْنَ الْأَسِنَّةَ مُشْرَعَاتٍ عَلَى أَكْتَافِهَا الْأَسَلُ الظِّمَاءُ تَظَلُّ جِيَادُنَا مُتَمَطِّرَاتٍ تُلَطِّمُهُنَّ بِالْخُمُرِ النِّسَاءُ فَإِنْ أَعْرَضْتُمُ عَنَّا اعْتَمَرْنَا وَكَانَ الْفَتْحُ وَانْكَشَفَ الْغِطَاءُ وَإِلَّا فَاصْبِرُوا لِضِرَابِ يَوْمٍ يُعِزُّ اللهُ فِيهِ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَقَالَ اللهُ قَدْ أَرْسَلْتُ عَبْدًا يَقُولُ الْحَقَّ لَيْسَ بِهِ خَفَاءُ وَقَالَ اللهُ قَدْ أَرْسَلْتُ جُنْدًا هُمُ الْأَنْصَارُ عَزْمَتُهَا اللِّقَاءُ لَنَا فِي كُلِّ يَوْمٍ مِنْ مَعَدٍّ سِبَاءٌ أَوْ قِتَالٌ أَوْ هِجَاءُ فَمَنْ يَهْجُو رَسُولَ اللهِ مِنْكُمْ وَيَمْدَحُهُ وَيَنْصُرُهُ سَوَاءُ وَجِبْرِيلٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ فِينَا وَرُوحُ الْقُدْسِ لَيْسَ لَهُ كِفَاءُ

"عن يحيى بن سعيد، عن سعيد بن المسيِّب، عن عمر بن الخطاب قال: قَالَ لِى رَسُولُ اللَّه ﷺ ذَاتَ يَوْمٍ: يَا عُمَرُ! فَقُلْتُ: لَبيْكَ وَسَعْدَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّه، فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ يَبْعَثُنِى فِى حَاجَةٍ، قال: يا عُمَرُ أَيَكُونُ فِى أُمَّتى فِى آخِرِ الزَّمَانِ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ أُوَيْسٌ الْقَرْنِى يُصِيبُهُ بَلَاءٌ فِى جَسَدِهِ، فَيَدْعُو اللَّه فَيَذْهَبُ بِهِ إِلَّا لُمْعَةً فِى جَنْبِهِ إِذَا رَآهَا ذَكَرَ اللَّه ﷻ فَإِذَا لَقِيتَهُ فَأَقْرِئهُ مِنِّى السَّلَامَ وَأمُرْهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ لَكَ؛ فَإِنَّهُ كَرِيمٌ عَلَى رَبِّهِ،

بَارٌّ بِوَالِدَتِهِ، لَوْ يُقْسِمُ عَلَى اللَّه لأَبَرَّهُ، يَشْفَعُ لِمثْلِ رَبِيعَةَ وَمُضَرَ، فَطَلَبْتُهُ حَيَاة رسُولِ اللَّه ﷺ ، فَلَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَيْهِ، وَطَلَبْتُهُ خِلَافَةَ أَبِى بَكْرٍ فَلَمْ أَقْدِرْ عَلَيْه، وَطَلَبْتُهُ شَطْرًا مِنْ إِمَارَتِى، فَبَيْنَا أَنَا أستَقرِئُ الرِّقَاقَ وَأَقُولُ: فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ مُرَاد؟ فِيكُمْ أَحَدٌ مِن قَرنٍ؟ ، فِيكُمْ أُوَيْسٌ الْقَرْنِىُّ؟ فَقَالَ شَيْخٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ هُوَ ابْنُ أَخِى، إِنَّكَ تَسْأَلُ عَن رَجُلٍ وضيعِ الشَّأن: لَيْسَ مِثْلُكَ يَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ يا أَمِيرَ المؤمنين! قُلت: أَرَاكَ فِيه مِنَ الْهَالكِينَ، فَرَدَّ الكَلَام الأوَّلَ، فَبَيْنَا أَنَا كَذلِكَ إِذْ رُفِعَتْ لِى رَاحِلَةٌ رَثَّةُ الْحَالِ عَلَيْها رَجُلٌ رَثُّ الْحَالِ فَوَقَعَ فِى خَلَدِى أَنَّهُ أُوَيْسٌ، قَلْتُ: يَا عَبْدَ اللَّه! أَنْتَ أُوَيْسٌ القَرْنِىُّ؟ قال: نَعَمْ، قُلْتُ: فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّه ﷺ يَقْرَأ عَلَيْكَ السَّلَامَ، فَقَال: عَلَى رسُولِ اللَّه ﷺ السَّلَامُ، وَعَلَيكَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمؤْمِنِينَ! قَلْتُ: وَيَأمُرُكَ أَن تَدْعُو لِى، فَكُنْتُ أَلقَاهُ فِى كُلِّ عَامٍ فَأُخْبِرُهُ بِذَاتِ نَفْسِى، وَيُخبِرُنى بِذَاتِ نَفْسِهِ".

"عَنْ نَهْشَلِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ مُزَاحِمٍ، عَن ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ (قال:

مكث عمر) يَسْأَلُ عن أُوَيْسٍ الْقَرْنِى عَشْرَ سِنِينَ، فَذَكَر أَنَّهُ قَالَ: يَا أَهْلَ اليمَنِ! مَنْ كَانَ مِنْ مُرَادٍ فَلْيَقُمْ، فَقَامَ مَنْ كَانَ مِن مُرَادٍ وَقَعَدَ آخَرُونَ، فَقَالَ: أَفيكُمْ أُوَيْسٌ؟ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ: يا أَميرَ الْمؤمِنيِنَ! لَا نَعْرِفُ أُوَيْسًا وَلَكِنِ ابْنُ أَخٍ لِى يُقَالُ لَهُ أُوَيْسٌ هُوَ أَضْعَفُ وَأَمْهنُ مِن أَنْ يَسْأَلَ مِثْلُكَ عَن مَثْلِهِ، قال له: أَبِحَرَمِنَا هو؟ قَالَ: نَعَم هُوَ بالأَرَاكِ بِعَرَفةَ يَرْعَى إِبِلَ الْقَوْمِ فَرَكِبَ عُمَرُ وَعَلِىٌّ ؓ حِمَارَيْنِ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَا حَتَّى أَتَيَا الأَراكَ فَإِذا هُوَ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّى، يَضْرِبُ ببَصَرِه نَحْوَ مَسْجِدِه وقَدْ دَخَلَ بَعْضُهُ فِى بَعْضٍ، فَلَمْا رَأَيَاهُ قَالَ أحَدُهُما لِصَاحِبه: إِنْ يَكُ أَحَدٌ الَّذِى نَطلُبُهُ فَهَذَا هُوَ، فَلَما سَمِع حديثهما خَفَّفَ وَانْصَرَفَ، فسلما عليه فرد عليهما، فلما رَدَّ عَلَيْهِما: وَعَلَيْكُمَا السَّلَام وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّه وبركاته، قَالَا لَه: مَا اسْمُكَ رَحِمَك اللَّه؟ قَالَ: أَنَا رَاعِى هَذِهِ الإِبِل، قَالَا: أَخْبِرْنَا بِاسْمكَ، قَالَ: أَنَا أَجِيرُ الْقَوْم، قَالَا: مَا اسْمكَ؟ قال: أَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّه، قَالَ لَهُ عَلِىٌّ: قَدْ عَلِمْنَا أَنَّ مَن فِى السَّمَواتِ وَالأَرْضِ عبيدُ اللَّه فَأَنْشُدُكَ برَبّ هَذِهِ الْكَعْبَةِ, رَبِّ هَذَا الْحَرَمِ مَا اسْمُكَ الَّذِى سَمَّتْكَ بِه أُمُّكَ؟ قَالَ: وَمَا تُريدَان إِلَى ذَلكَ؟ قال: أَنَا أُوَيْسُ بْنُ عامر، فَقَالَا لَه: اكْشِفْ لَنَا عَن شِقِّكَ الأَيْسَرِ فَكَشَفَ لهما، فإذا لمعة بيضاء قدر الدرهم من غير سوء) فابْتَدَرَا يُقَبِّلَانِ المَوْضِعَ، ثُمَّ قَالَا لَهُ: إِنَّ رسُولَ ﷺ أَمَرَنَا أن نُقْرِئَكَ السَّلَامَ وَأَنْ نَسْأَلَكَ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ لَنَا، فَقَالَ: إِنَّ دُعَائِى فِى شَرْقِ الأَرْضِ وَغَرْبِهَا لِجَمِيع المُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمنَاتِ، فَقَالَا: ادْع لنا! فَدَعَا لَهُمَا وَلِلمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمؤْمِنَاتِ، فَقَالَ له عمر: أُعطيك شيئًا من رزقى أو من عطائى تستعين به، فقال: ثَوْباىَ جَدِيدَانِ، وَنَعْلَاىَ مَخْصُوفَتَانِ، وَمَعِى أَرْبَعَةُ دَرَاهمَ، وَلِى فَضْلَةٌ عنْدَ الْقَوْمِ، فَمَتَى أُفْنِى هَذَا؟ إِنَّهُ مَن أَمَّلَ جُمُعَةً أَمَّل شَهْرًا، وَمَن أَمَّلَ شَهْرًا أَمَّل سَنَةً، ثُمَّ رَدَّ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ إِبِلَهُمْ، ثُمَّ فَارَقَهُم فَلَم يَرَهُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ".

"عَنْ عُمَرَ: أَنَّ رَجُلًا شَابًّا عَلَيْهِ ثِيَابُ بَيَاضٍ -وَذَلِكَ فِى آخِرِ عُمُرِ رَسُول اللَّهِ ﷺ أَتَاهُ فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ: أدْنُو مِنْكَ؟ قَالَ: ادْنُ مِنِّى، فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ قَالَ: أَنْتَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ -قَالَهَا مَرَتَّيْنِ- قَالَ: مَا الإِسْلَامُ؟ قَالَ: تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَريكَ لَهُ، وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَتُقِيمُ الصَّلَاةَ، وَتُؤْتِى الزَّكَاةَ، وَتَصُومُ رَمَضَانَ، وَتَحُجُّ الْبَيْتَ، قَالَ: فَمَا الإِيمَانُ؟ قَالَ: تُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّه وَمَلَائِكَتِهِ وَكُتُبِهِ وَرسُلِهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ والْقَدَرِ كُلِّهِ، قَالَ: فَمَا الإِحْسَانُ؟ قَالَ: تَعْبُدُ اللَّه كَأَنَّكَ تَرَاهُ، فَإِنْ كُنْتَ لَا تَرَاهُ فَإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ [قَالَ]: فَإِذَا فَعَلْتُ ذَلِكَ فَأنَا مُحْسِنٌ مُسْلِمٌ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، قَالَ عُمَرُ: وَحَدَثَّنِى نَبِىُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّ مُوَسى -عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ- لَقِى آدَمَ فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ آدَمُ الَّذِى خَلَقَكَ اللَّهُ بِيَدِهِ، وَأَسْجَدَ لَكَ مَلَائِكَتَهُ، وَلَوْلَا الذِى رَكِبْتَ لَمْ يَدْخُلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِكَ النَّارَ؟ قَالَ: أَنْتَ مُوسى الَّذِىِ اصْطَفَاكَ اللَّهُ بِرِسَالَتِهِ وَبِكلَامِهِ؛ فَكَيْفَ تَلُومنِى فِى أَمْرٍ قَدْ كَانَ كُتِبَ عَلَىَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُخْلَقَ؟ ! فَتَحَاجَّا؛ فَحَجَّ آدَمُ مُوسَى".

"عَنْ عُمَرَ قَالَ: كُنْتُ جَالِسًا مَعَ أَبِى جَهْلٍ وَشَيْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، فَقَالَ أبو جَهْلٍ: يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ! إنَّ محمدًا قد شَتَمَ آلهَتكُمْ، وَسَفَّهَ أَحْلَامَكُمْ، وَزَعَمَ أَنَّ مَنْ مَضَى مِنْ آبَائِكُمْ يَتَهَافَتُونَ فيِ النارِ، أَلَا وَمَنْ قَتَلَ محمدًا فَلَهُ علىَّ مائةُ نَاقَةٍ حَمْرَاءَ وَسوداءَ، وَأَلفُ أُوقيَّةٍ من فِضَّةٍ، فَخَرجتُ مُتَقَلِّدًا السَّيفَ مُتنكِّبًا كِنَانَتى أرِيدُ النَّبِىَّ ﷺ فمررْتُ عَلَى عجْلٍ يَذبَحُونَهُ، فَقُمْتُ أنظرُ إليهِمْ، فَإِذَا صَائِحٌ يَصيحُ، مِن جَوْفِ العِجل: يا آلَ ذُرَيْحٍ! أمرٌ نَجِيحٌ، رَجُلٌ يصيحُ، بِلسانٍ فَصيحٍ، يدْعُو إِلَى شَهَادَةِ أن لا إِلَهَ إِلَّا الله وأن محمدًا رسُولُ اللهِ، فَعلمتُ أنهُ أرَادَنِي، ثُمَّ مررتُ بغنَمٍ فإِذَا هَاتفٌ يهتِفُ يقولُ:

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ذَوُو الأَجْسَامِ ... مَا أَنتمُ وطائِشُ الأَحْلَامِ

وَمُسْنِدُو الحكم إلى الأصنام ... فَكُلُّكُمْ أَرَاهُ كالأنْعامِ

أَمَا تَرَوْنَ مَا أَرَى أَمَامِى ... من سَاطِعٍ يَجْلُو دُجَى الظَّلَامِ

قَدْ لَاحَ للناظِرِ من تهامِ ... أكْرِمْ به الله من إمامِ

قَدْ جاء بعد الكفرِ بالإِسلام ... والبرِّ والصِّلَاتِ للأرْحامِ

فقلت: والله ما أراه إلا أرادنى، ثم مررتُ بِالضِّمَارِ، فَإِذا هَاتفٌ من جوفِهِ:

تُرِكَ الضِّمَارُ وَكَانَ يُعْبَدُ وحدَهُ ... بَعْدَ الصَّلَاةِ مَعَ النبيِّ محمدِ

إن الذي وَرِثَ النبوةَ والهدى ... بعد ابنِ مريمَ من قريش مُهتدِ

سيقولُ من عَبَدَ الضمارَ ومثلَهُ ... لَيتَ الضِّمارَ ومثلَهُ لم يُعْبَدِ

فَاصْبِرْ أبا حفصٍ فإِنَّكَ آمِنٌ ... يأتيكَ عِزٌّ غيرُ عِزِّ بَنِى عَدِى

لا تَعْجَلَنَّ فأنتَ ناصِرُ دينهُ ... حقًا يَقِينًا بِالِّلسَانِ وباليد

فوالله: لقد علمتُ أنهُ أرادَنِي، فجئتُ حتى دَخلتُ على أُخْتِي فإِذَا خَبابُ بن الأرت عندها وزوجُها، فقال خبابٌ: وَيْحَكَ يا عُمرُ أَسْلِمْ، فَدعوتُ بالماءِ فتوَضَّأتُ، ثمَّ خرجتُ إلى النبي ﷺ فقالَ لِي: قد استُجيبَ ليِ فِيكَ يا عمرُ، أسلم، فأسلمتُ وكنتُ رابعَ أربعينَ رجلًا ممن أسلم، ونزلَتْ {يَاأَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ حَسْبُكَ اللَّهُ وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ} ".

"عن يحيى بن يعمر عن ابن عمر قال: حدثني عمر بن الخطاب أنه كان عند رسول الله ﷺ فجاء رجلٌ عليه ثوبان أبيضان، مُقَوَّمٌ حَسَنُ النَّحو والناحية، فقال: أدنو منك يا رسول الله؟ قال: ادن، ثم قال: أدنو منك يا رسول الله؟ قال: ادنُ، فلم يدن حتى كانت ركبته عند ركبةِ رسول الله ﷺ ، ثم قال: أسألك؟ قال: سَلْ، قال: أخبرني عن الإسلام؟ قال: شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله، وأني رسول الله، وإقام الصلاة، وإيتاء الزكاة، وحج البيت، وصوم رمضان، قال: فإذا فعلت ذلك فأنا مسلم؟ قال رسول الله ﷺ : نعم، قال: يا رسول الله: أَخبرني عن الإيمان؟ قال: أن تؤمن بالله وملائكته، وكتبه، ورسله، والبعثِ بعد الموتِ، والجنة والنار، وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره، قال: فإذا فعلت ذلك فأنا مؤمن؟ قال: صدقت، ثم أخبرني ما الإحسان؟ قال: أن تخشى الله كأنكَ تَراه، فإن كنت لا تراه فإنه يراكَ، قال: صدقت، قال: أخبرني عن الساعة؟ قال: ما المسئولُ عنها بأعلم من السائل، هن خمس لا يعلمهن إلا الله: {إِنَّ اللَّهَ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ السَّاعَةِ وَيُنَزِّلُ الْغَيْثَ ... } الآية، فقال الرجل: صدقت".

"عَنْ محاربِ بن دِثَار عن عمرَ قالَ: بينما نحنُ عند رسول الله ﷺ إذا أتاه رجلٌ أبيضُ الثيابِ، طيبُ الريحِ فوضعَ يده على ركبةِ رسول الله ﷺ فقال: يا رسول الله ما الإيمانُ؟ قال: أن تؤمن بالله واليومِ الآخر والملائكةِ والكتابِ والنبيينَ والجنةِ والنارِ، وبالقدر خيرهِ وشرَّه، قال: فإذا فعلت ذلك فأنا مؤمنٌ؟ قال: نعم، قال: صدقت، فعجبنا من قوله لرسول الله ﷺ : صدقت، قال: فما الإسلام؟ قال: تقيمُ الصلاة، وتؤتى الزكاةَ وتحجُّ البيتَ، وتصومُ رمضان، وتغتسل من الجنَابَةِ، قال: فإذا أنا فعلتُ ذلك فأنا مسلمٌ؟ قال: نعم، قال: صدقت: فتعجبنا من قوله لرسول الله ﷺ صدقت، قال: فما الإحسانُ؟ قال: أن تعبد الله كأنك تراه فإن لم تره فإنه يراك، قال: صدقت، قال: فمتى الساعة؟ قال: ما المسئول عنها بأعلم من السائل، قال: صدقت، ثم أدبر، قال رسول الله ﷺ : علىَّ بالرجل، فالتمسوه فلم يقدروا عليه، فقال: هذا جبريل جاءكم ليريَكم دينكم، وما أتانى في صورة قط إلا عرفته قبل مدَّتى هذه".

"عن موسى بن جبير، عن شيوخٍ من أَهْلِ المدينةِ قالوا: كتب عمرُ ابن الخطاب إلى عمرو بن العاص: أما بعدُ فإنى قد فرضتُ لمن قِبَلى في الديوان ولذرِّيَّتِهم ولمن (وَرَد) علينا (بالمدينة) من أهل اليمنِ وغيرهم ممن توجَّه إليك، وإلى البلدان فانْظُرْ من فرضتُ له ونزلَ بك فأدِرْ عليه العطاءَ وعلى ذُريّته، ومن نزل بك ممن لم أفرضْ له فافرض له على نحو ما رأيتَنى فرضتُ لأَشْباههِ، وخذ لِنفْسك مائتى دينارٍ، فهذهِ فرائض أَهْلِ بدرٍ من المهاجرين والأنصارِ، ولم أُبَلِّغ بهَذا أحدًا من نُظَرائِك غيرَك؛ لأنَّك من عمَّال المسلمين فَأَلحقْتُك بأرْفَعِ ذَلك، وقد علمتَ أن مُؤْنَتَنا تَلْزمُك، فوفِّر الخَراجَ وخذْه من حقِّه، ثم عِفَّ عنه بعد جَمْعهِ، فإذا حصلَ إليك وجمعْته أخرجْتَ عطاءَ المسلمين وذُرِّيتهم، وما يُحْتاج إليه مما لابُدَّ منه، ثم انظر فيما فَضَل بعدَ ذلك فاحْمِله إلىَّ، واعلم أن ما قِبَلَك من أرضِ مصرَ ليس فيه خُمُسٌ، وإنما هى أرضُ صُلحٍ وما فيها للمسلمين فَىْءٌ، يُبْدَأُ بمنْ أَغْنى عنْهم في ثغورِهم وأجزأ عنهم في أعمالِهم، ثم تُفِيضُ ما فَضَلَ بعد ذلك على من سَمَّى اللَّه، واعلم يا عمرو أن اللَّه يراك ويرى عملك، فإنه قال: تبارك وتعالى في كتابه: {وَاجْعَلْنَا لِلْمُتَّقِينَ إِمَامًا} ويعلم من سريرتك ما يعلم من علانيتك فلتكن تقتدى به، وإن

معك أهلَ ذمةٍ وعهد قد أوصى رسول اللَّه ﷺ بِهم، وأوصى بالقِبْط، فقال: استوصوا بالقبط خيرًا فإِن لهم ذِمَّة ورَحِمًا، ورحِمُهم أَنَّ إسماعيلَ منهم، وقد قال رسول اللَّه ﷺ : من ظلم معاهَدًا أو كلَّفه فوق طاقته فأنا خصمه يومَ القِيامَة، احذر يا عَمْرو أن يَكون لقد ابتليتُ بولاية هذه الأمةِ وآنستُ من نفسى ضعفًا، وانتشرت رعيتى، وَرَقَّ عَظمِى، فَأَسأَلُ اللَّه أن يَقبضَنى إليه غيرَ مفرّط، واللَّه إنى لأَخشى لو ماتَ حمل بِأقْصَى عملك ضياعا أن أُسْأل عنه يَوم القِيامَة".

"عَنْ زكريا بن يحيى الوراق قال: قرئ على عبد اللَّه بن وهب وأنا أسمعُ: قال الثورى: قال مجالد: قال أبو الوداك: قال أبو سعيد: قال عمرُ بن الخطاب: قال رسولُ اللَّه ﷺ : قال أخى موسى -عليه السلام-: يا رب! أرنى الذى كنت أَريتنى في السفينة، فَأَوْحَى اللَّه إليه: يا موسى! إنك ستراهُ فلم يلبث إلا يسيرًا، حتى أتاه الخضرُ، وهو فتى طيب الريح وحسن ثياب البياض، فقال: السلام عليك ورحمة اللَّه يا موسى بن عمران! إن ربك يقرئك السلام ورحمة اللَّه، قال موسى: هو السلام، ومنه السلام وإليه السلام، والحمد للَّه رب العالمين الذى لا أُحصى نعمه، ولا أقدر على أداء شكره إلا بمعونته، ثم قال موسى: أريد أن توصينى بوصية ينفعنى اللَّه بها بعدك، قال الخضر: يا طالب العلم! إن القائل أَقلُّ ملالة من المستمع، فلا تُملَّ جلساءك إذا حدثتهم، واعلم أن قلبك وعاءٌ فانظر ماذا تحشو به وعاءَكَ، واعزف عن الدنيا وانبذْها ورَاءكَ؛ فإنها ليست لك بدارٍ ولا لك فيها محلُّ قرار وإنما جعلت بُلْغةً للعباد، ليتزَوَّدُوا منها للمعاد، ويا موسى: وطِّنْ نفسك على الصبر؛ تلق الحلم؛ (تخلص مِنَ الإِثْمِ) وأشعر قلبك التقوى؛ تنل العلم، وَرُض نفسكَ على الصبر، يا موسى: تفرغ للعلم إن كنت تريده؛ فإنما العلم لمن تَفرغ له، ولا تكوننَّ مكثارًا بالمنطق مهزارًا، فإن كثرة المنطق تشينُ العلماء، وتُبْدى مساوئ السُّخفاء، ولكن عليك بالاقتصاد فإن ذلك من التوفيق والسداد، وأعرض عن الجهال وباطلهم، واحلم عن السفهاء، فإن ذلك فعلُ الحكماء وزين العلماء: إذا شتمك

الجاهل فاسكت عنه حِلمًا، وحنانة حزمًا فإن ما بقى من جهله عليكَ وشتمه إياك أعظم وأكبر، يا ابن عمران! لا ترى أنك أوتيت من العلم إلا قليلًا، فإن الاندلاث والتعسف من الاقتحام والتكلف، يا ابن عمران! (لا تفتحن بابًا لا تدرى ما غلقه، ولا تغلقن بابًا لا تدرى ما فتحه)! يا ابن عمران! من لا ينتهى من الدنيا نهمته، ولا ينقضى منها رغبته، كيف يكون عابدًا! ومن يحقر حاله ويتهم اللَّه فيما قضى كيف يكون زاهدا؟ هل يكف عن الشهوات من غلب عليه هواه! أو ينفعه طلب العلم والجهل قد حواه! لأن سفره إلى آخرته وهو مقبل على دنياه، ويا موسى! تعلم ما تعلمت؛ لتعمل به، ولا تعلمه لتحدث به، فيكون عليك بوره ويكون لغيرك نوْره، ويا ابن عمران! اجعل الزهد والتقوى لباسك، والعلم والذكر كلامك، وأكثر من الحسنات، فإنك مصيب السيئات وزعزع بالخوف قلبك، فإن ذلك مُرضٍ ربك، واعمل خيرًا فإنك لا بد عامل سوء، قد وعظت إن حفظت، فتولى الخضر وبقى موسى حزينًا مكروبًا يبكى".

"الإِحْسَانُ أَنْ تَعْبُدَ الله كأنَّكَ تَراه فإِن لم تكُنْ تراه فإِنَّه يَراكَ" .

"الإِحسانُ: أنْ تَعْمَلَ لله كأنَّك تَراهُ، فإِنْ كُنتَ لا تَراهُ فإِنَّهُ يَرَاكَ، فإِذا فعلتَ ذلك فقدْ أَحسنتَ".