57. Drinks
٥٧۔ كِتَابُ الْأَشْرِبَةِ وَالْحَدُّ فِيهَا
The she-camel of Bara' ibn Azib entered the garden of a man and did damage to it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave decision that the owners of properties are responsible for guarding them by day, and the owners of animals are responsible for guarding them by night. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3569)
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ دَخَلَتْ حَائِطًا لِقَوْمٍ فَأَفْسَدَتْ فِيهِ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَمْوَالِ حِفْظُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَمَا أَفْسَدَتِ الْمَوَاشِي بِاللَّيْلِ فَهُوَ ضَامِنٌ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا
Al-Bara' had a she-camel which was accustomed to graze the standing crop belonging to the people. She entered a garden and did damage to it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed about it. So he gave decision that the owners of gardens are responsible for guarding them by day, and the owners of the animals are responsible for guarding them by night. Any damage done by animals during the night is a responsibility lying on their owners. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3570)
أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ الْبَرَاءَ بْنَ عَازِبٍ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَاقَةٌ ضَارِيَةٌ فَدَخَلَتْ حَائِطًا فَأَفْسَدَتْ فِيهِ فَكُلِّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَضَى أَنَّ حِفْظَ الْحَوَائِطِ بِالنَّهَارِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا وَأَنَّ حِفْظَ الْمَاشِيَةِ بِاللَّيْلِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا وَأَنَّ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَاشِيَةِ مَا أَفْسَدَتْ مَاشِيَتُهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ
[Machine] "An incident occurred that a she-camel belonging to Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib entered the garden of a man from the Ansar and caused damage. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that the owners of the gardens are responsible for guarding them during the day, and the owners of the livestock are responsible for any damage caused by their animals at night. Abu 'Ali ar-Rudhbary narrated to us, who was informed by Abu Bakr ibn Dasa, who narrated to us on the authority of Abu Dawud, who was informed by Mahmoud ibn Khalid, who was informed by Al-Firyabi, who heard it from Al-Awza'i, who heard it from Az-Zuhri, who heard it from Haram ibn Muhyisah al-Ansari, who heard it from Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib. He said that he had a harmful she-camel and mentioned a narration similar to the narration of Abu al-Mughirah, except that he did not attribute it to Abu al-Mughirah. Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith al-Faqih narrated to us, who was informed by 'Ali ibn 'Umar al-Hafidh, who was informed by Abu Bakr an-Naysaburi, who was informed by Ar-Ramadi and others. They said that Muhammad ibn Mus'ab narrated to us, who was informed by Al-Awza'i, who heard it from Az-Zuhri, who heard it from Haram ibn Muhyisah, who heard it from Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib, that he had a harmful she-camel and he mentioned it. Ayub ibn Suyad confirmed the report from Al-Awza'i regarding the statement of Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib."
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ دَخَلَتْ حَائِطَ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَفْسَدَتْ فِيهِ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْحَوَائِطِ حِفْظُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَاشِيَةِ مَا أَفْسَدَتْ مَاشِيَتُهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ 17678 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ دَاسَةَ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ مُحَيِّصَةَ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ قَالَ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَاقَةٌ ضَارِيَةٌ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ أَبِي الْمُغِيرَةِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ وَلَمْ يَقُلْهُ أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ 17679 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْفَقِيهُ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا الرَّمَادِيُّ وَغَيْرُهُ قَالُوا ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُصْعَبٍ ثنا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ حَرَامِ بْنِ مُحَيِّصَةَ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَتْ لَهُ نَاقَةٌ ضَارِيَةٌ فَأَفْسَدَتْ فَذَكَرَهُ فَقَدْ تَابَعَهُ أَيُّوبُ بْنُ سُوَيْدٍ عَنِ الْأَوْزَاعِيِّ فِي قَوْلِهِ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ
[Machine] A camel belonging to the family of Al-Bara' caused some harm, so the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , decreed that the fruits be guarded by their owners during the day and the owners of the livestock be held responsible for any harm caused by their animals during the night. Abu Bakr ibn al-Harith al-Asbahani narrated to us, Ali ibn Umar al-Hafiz narrated to him, Abu Bakr al-Naysaburi narrated to us, Hajib ibn Sulayman narrated to him, Mu'mal narrated to him, and Sufyan narrated this hadith similarly. Haram narrated from Al-Bara' that they had a camel
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لِآلِ الْبَرَاءِ أَفْسَدَتْ شَيْئًا فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّ حِفْظَ الثِّمَارِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَضَمَّنَ أَهْلَ الْمَاشِيَةِ مَا أَفْسَدَتْ مَاشِيَتُهُمْ بِاللَّيْلِ 17681 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَصْبَهَانِيُّ أنبأ عَلِيُّ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ ثنا حَاجِبُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ثنا مُؤَمَّلٌ ثنا سُفْيَانُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ نَحْوَهُ وَقَالَ عَنْ حَرَامٍ عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ أَنَّ نَاقَةً لَهُمْ
[Machine] A camel belonging to Al-Bara' ibn 'Azib entered a man's garden and caused damage. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ruled that people should protect their wealth during the day and their livestock at night, and likewise (continue to do so)
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ دَخَلَتْ حَائِطَ رَجُلٍ فَأَفْسَدَتْ فَقَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَمْوَالِ حِفْظُهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَوَاشِي حِفْظُهَا بِاللَّيْلِ وَكَذَلِكَ
[Machine] A camel belonging to Bara'ah ibn 'Azib entered a garden of some of the Ansar and caused damage. They disputed and took the matter to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He ruled that the owners of the gardens are responsible for their protection during the day, and the owners of the livestock are responsible for the damage caused by the livestock during the night. It was narrated from Ash-Sha'bi from Shurayh that he used to guarantee compensation for damage caused by sheep during the night but not during the day. He interpreted this verse: "And [mention] David and Solomon, when they judged concerning the field – when the sheep of a people overran it [at night]" and he used to say that the word "overran" refers to the night.
أَنَّ نَاقَةً لِلْبَرَاءِ بْنِ عَازِبٍ دَخَلَتْ حَائِطًا لِقَوْمٍ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَفْسَدَتْ فَاخْتَصَمُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَضَى أَنَّ حِفْظَ الْحَوَائِطِ عَلَى أَهْلِهَا بِالنَّهَارِ وَعَلَى أَهْلِ الْمَوَاشِي مَا أَفْسَدَتِ الْمَوَاشِي بِاللَّيْلِ وَرُوِّينَا عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَضْمَنُ مَا أَفْسَدَتِ الْغَنَمُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَلَا يَضْمَنُ مَا أَفْسَدَتْ بِالنَّهَارِ وَيَتَأَوَّلُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ {وَدَاوُدَ وَسُلَيْمَانَ إِذْ يَحْكُمَانِ فِي الْحَرْثِ إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ} وَكَانَ يَقُولُ النَّفْشُ بِاللَّيْلِ
[Machine] The passage is already in Arabic and it says "The breeze was at night."
كَانَ النَّفْشُ بِاللَّيْلِ
[Machine] Daytime or nighttime? They said, "Daytime" and he nullified their answer and recited, "When the sheep of the people were sent forth" [Surah Al-Anbiya, verse 78]. And he said, "Verily, the sending forth happens at night." In another narration, Qatada narrated from Ash-Sha'abi that Shurayh was presented with a sheep that produced wool, so Ash-Sha'abi said, "Examine it, for he will ask you whether it was at night or during the day." So he asked them and said, "If it was at night, then you have guaranteed, and if it was during the day, there is no guarantee upon you." He said, "The sending forth happens at night and the ewe produces wool during the day." And it was also narrated from Masrouq that he said, "When the sheep of the people were sent forth" [Surah Al-Anbiya, verse 78]. He said, "It was a vineyard, and it entered it at night, and it did not leave anything green in it."
نَهَارًا أَوْ لَيْلًا؟ قَالُوا نَهَارًا فَأَبْطَلَهُ وَقَرَأَ {إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ} [الأنبياء 78] وَقَالَ إِنَّمَا النَّفْشُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ قَتَادَةَ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ أَنَّ شُرَيْحًا رُفِعَتْ إِلَيْهِ شَاةٌ أَصَابَتْ غَزْلًا فَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ أَبْصِرُوهُ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَسْأَلُهُمْ أَبِلَيْلٍ كَانَ أَمْ بِنَهَارٍ؟ فَسَأَلَهُمْ فَقَالَ إِنْ كَانَ بِلَيْلٍ فَقَدْ ضَمَنْتُمْ وَإِنْ كَانَ بِنَهَارٍ فَلَا ضَمَانَ عَلَيْكُمْ قَالَ وَقَالَ النَّفْشُ بِاللَّيْلِ وَالْهَمَلُ بِالنَّهَارِ وَرَوَى مُرَّةُ عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ {إِذْ نَفَشَتْ فِيهِ غَنَمُ الْقَوْمِ} [الأنبياء 78] قَالَ كَانَ كَرْمًا فَدَخَلَتْ فِيهِ لَيْلًا فَمَا تَرَكَتْ فِيهِ خَضِرًا