[Machine] I went with my father towards the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and my father greeted him and sat with him for an hour. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to my father, "Is this your son?" He said, "Yes, by the Lord of the Ka'bah." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Really?" He said, "I bear witness to it." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled, laughing at the resemblance between me and my father and at my father's swearing. Then he said, "As for your son, he does not bring you any harm and you do not bring him any harm." And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited (the verse), "No bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another" (Qur'an, 53:38) until he reached the statement (of Allah), "This is a warner of the warners of old" (Qur'an, 53:56).  

انْطَلَقْتُ مَعَ أَبِي نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ أَبِي وَجَلَسْنَا سَاعَةً فَتَحَدَّثْنَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لِأَبِي ابْنُكَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ إِي وَرَبِّ الْكَعْبَةِ قَالَ حَقًّا؟ قَالَ أَشْهَدُ بِهِ قَالَ فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ضَاحِكًا مِنْ ثَبْتِ شَبَهِي بِأَبِي وَمَنْ حَلِفِ أَبِي عَلَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا إِنَّ ابْنَكَ هَذَا لَا يَجْنِي عَلَيْكَ وَلَا تَجْنِي عَلَيْهِ قَالَ وَقَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ {أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [النجم 38] إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {هَذَا نَذِيرٌ مِنَ النُّذُرِ الْأُولَى} [النجم 56]  

[Machine] We arrived to the Prophet ﷺ a group of people from the tribe of Tamim and we approached him while he was saying, "The hand of the giver is superior, begin with those that you are responsible for, your mother, your father, your sister and your brother, then the closest ones after them." Then a man from the Ansar said, "O Messenger of Allah, these are the sons of Tha'laba ibn Yarbua who harmed so-and-so in the pre-Islamic period." So, the Prophet ﷺ raised his voice and said, "Does one soul bear the burden of another soul?"  

قَدِمْنَا عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَفَرٌ مِنْ بَنِي تَمِيمٍ فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَيْهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ يَدُ الْمُعْطِي الْعُلْيَا ابْدَأْ بِمَنْ تَعُولُ أُمَّكَ وَأَبَاكَ وَأُخْتَكَ وَأَخَاكَ ثُمَّ أَدْنَاكَ أَدْنَاكَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ يَرْبُوعٍ الَّذِينَ أَصَابُوا فُلَانًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَهَتَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَلَا إِنَّهَا لَا تَجْنِي نَفْسٌ عَلَى أُخْرَى  

[Machine] The man used to be held accountable for the sins of others until Ibrahim ﷺ came and Allah said, "And [mention] Ibrahim, who fulfilled [his obligations] - that no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another" [Surah An-Najm, 53:38]. Ash-Shafi'i said, "By Allah, I have heard and Allah knows best in His saying, 'that no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another' [Surah An-Najm, 53:38], that no one will be held accountable for the sins of others. Allah rewards His servants based on their own actions, and similarly, their wealth. No one benefits at the expense of another's wealth, except as specified by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding the penalty for a mistake committed by a free, sane adult human."  

كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُؤْخَذُ بِذَنْبِ غَيْرِهِ حَتَّى جَاءَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ فَقَالَ اللهُ تَعَالَى {وَإِبْرَاهِيمَ الَّذِي وَفَّى أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [النجم 38] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ وَالَّذِي سَمِعْتُ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ فِي قَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {أَلَّا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى} [النجم 38] أَنْ لَا يُؤْخَذَ أَحَدٌ بِذَنْبِ غَيْرِهِ؛ لِأَنَّ اللهَ ﷻ جَزَى الْعِبَادَ عَلَى أَعْمَالِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَكَذَلِكَ أَمْوَالُهُمْ لَا يَجْنِي أَحَدٌ عَلَى أَحَدٍ فِي مَالٍ إِلَّا حَيْثُ خَصَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِأَنَّ جِنَايَةَ الْخَطَأِ مِنَ الْحُرِّ مِنَ الْآدَمِيِّينَ عَلَى عَاقِلَتِهِ