7. Medinans
٧۔ مسند المدنيين
He who believes in Allah and in the last day should honour his guest; he who believes in Allah and in the last day should not harm his neighbor; he who believes in Allah and in the last day should speak good or keep silence. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 5154)
عَنْ أَبِي شُرَيْحٍ الْخُزَاعِيِّ وَكَانَتْ لَهُ صُحْبَةٌ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُحْسِنْ إِلَى جَارِهِ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Hospitality lasts for three days, but it is permissible for one day and one night. It is not allowed for a man to stay with someone until he inconveniences him." They said, "O Messenger of Allah, how does he inconvenience him?" He said, "He stays with him and has nothing to give him to eat."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الضِّيَافَةُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَيَّامٍ وَجَائِزَتُهُ يَوْمٌ وَلَيْلَةٌ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لِلرَّجُلِ أَنْ يُقِيمَ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ حَتَّى يُؤْثِمَهُ قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَكَيْفَ يُؤْثِمُهُ؟ قَالَ يُقِيمُ عِنْدَهُ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ شَيْءٌ يَقْرِيهِ
[Machine] Narrated Abu Huraira: The Prophet ﷺ said:
"By Allah! He does not believe! By Allah! He does not believe! By Allah! He does not believe!" It was asked, "Who is that, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "That person whose neighbor is not safe from his mischief." It was asked, "And what is his mischief, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "His evil deeds."
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ وَاللهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ وَاللهِ لَا يُؤْمِنُ قَالَهَاثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالُوا وَمَا ذَاكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ الْجَارُ لَا يَأْمَنُ جَارُه بَوَائِقَهُ قَالُوا وَمَا بَوَائِقُهُ؟ قَالَ شَرُّهُ
"O Commander! Permit me to tell you of a statement that the Messenger of Allah said the day after the Conquest of Makkah, which my ears heard, my hear understood, and my eyes saw, when he said it. He (the Prophet) praised Allah, then he said: 'Makkah has been made sacred by Allah, not by the people. It is not permissible for any man who believes in Allah and the Last Day to shed blood in it, or to cut its trees. If any one seeks permission to fight in it because the Messenger of Allah fought in it, say to him: Allah allowed his Messenger (to fight therein) but He did not allow you. Rather permission was given to me (to fight therein) for a short period one day, and now its sanctity has been restored as it as before. Let those who are present convey (this mews) to those who are absent.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2876)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ سَعِيدٍ وَهُوَ يَبْعَثُ الْبُعُوثَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ ائْذَنْ لِي أَيُّهَا الْأَمِيرُ أُحَدِّثْكَ قَوْلًا قَامَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْغَدَ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْفَتْحِ سَمِعَتْهُ أُذُنَايَ وَوَعَاهُ قَلْبِي وَأَبْصَرَتْهُ عَيْنَايَ حِينَ تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ أَنْ حَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ إِنَّ مَكَّةَ حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا النَّاسُ فَلَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْفِكَ بِهَا دَمًا وَلَا يَعْضِدَ بِهَا شَجَرَةًفَإِنْ أَحَدٌ تَرَخَّصَ لِقِتَالِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِيهَا فَقُولُوا إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَذِنَ لِرَسُولِهِ وَلَمْ يَأْذَنْ لَكُمْ إِنَّمَا أَذِنَ لِي فِيهَا سَاعَةً مِنْ نَهَارٍ وَقَدْ عَادَتْ حُرْمَتُهَا الْيَوْمَ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ وَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ
"My eyes saw the Messenger of Allah, and my ears heard him speaking when he was speaking and he said: 'Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, then let him honor his guest with his reward.' They said: 'What is the reward?' He said: ' A day and a night.' He said: 'And hospitality is for three days, whatever is beyond that is charity. And whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, then let him say what is good or keep silent." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1967)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَمِعَتْ أُذُنَانيَ وَأَبْصَرَتْ عَيْنَايَ حِينَ تَكَلَّمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ جَارَهُ وَمَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيُكْرِمْ ضَيْفَهُ جَائِزَتَهُ قَالُوا وَمَا جَائِزَتُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ يَوْمٌ وَلَيْلَةٌ وَالضِّيَافَةُ ثَلَاثٌ فَمَا كَانَ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ فَهُوَ صَدَقَةٌ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ فَلْيَقُلْ خَيْرًا أَوْ لِيَصْمُتْ وَقَالَ أَبُو كَامِلٍ وَلَا يَثْوِي عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى يُحْرِجَهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, and Yazid also said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say, 'Whoever is afflicted with a wound or madness, then madness is pains. So, it is a choice between one of three things: either to seek retaliation, or to take compensation, or to forgive. If he wants a fourth thing, then take hold of his hands. If he does anything of that after that and then kills, then he will have the Fire, wherein he will abide forever.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَقَالَيَزِيدُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ مَنْ أُصِيبَ بِدَمٍ أَوْ خَبْلٍ الْخَبْلُ الْجِرَاحُ فَهُوَ بِالْخِيَارِ بَيْنَ إِحْدَى ثَلَاثٍ إِمَّا أَنْ يَقْتَصَّ أَوْ يَأْخُذَ الْعَقْلَ أَوْ يَعْفُوَ فَإِنْ أَرَادَ رَابِعَةً فَخُذُوا عَلَى يَدَيْهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ عَدَا بَعْدُ فَقَتَلَ فَلَهُ النَّارُ خَالِدًا فِيهَا مُخَلَّدًا
[Machine] He heard Abu Shuraikh Al-Khaza'i then Al-Ka'bi, who was one of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , saying: The Messenger of Allah gave us permission on the day of the conquest of Banu Bakr to fight them until we took revenge from them, and he was in Mecca. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered the lifting of the sword, and a group of us on the next day met a man from Huza'il in the sacred precincts who was leading the Messenger of Allah in prayer to greet him. They killed him and hastened to reach the Messenger of Allah ﷺ seeking his protection. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was informed about that, he became extremely angry. By Allah, I have never seen him more angry than he was then. We hurried to Abu Bakr, Umar and Ali to intercede with them and we feared that we may have been destroyed. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished praying, he stood up and praised Allah for what He had rightly ordained. Then he said: "As for what follows, Allah has sanctified Mecca and people have not sanctified it. He made it lawful (to travel through its territories) for me for an hour of the day yesterday, and today it is forbidden, as Allah made it forbidden the first time. And indeed, the most inviolable of things in the sight of Allah on the Day of Resurrection are three: a man who was killed in it (Mecca), a man who killed someone in it without due right, and a man who sought blood revenge in Ignorance. By Allah, I shall persecute the man whom you killed." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said this while threatening them with his hand.
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا شُرَيْحٍ الْخُزَاعِيَّ ثُمَّ الْكَعْبِيَّ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ أَذِنَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ يَوْمَ الْفَتْحِ فِي قِتَالِ بَنِي بَكْرٍ حَتَّى أَصَبْنَا مِنْهُمْ ثَأْرَنَا وَهُوَ بِمَكَّةَ ثُمَّ أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِرَفْعِ السَّيْفِ فَلَقِيَ رَهْطٌ مِنَّا الْغَدَ رَجُلًا مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فِي الْحَرَمِ يَؤُمُّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لِيُسْلِمَ وَكَانَ قَدْ وَتَرَهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَكَانُوا يَطْلُبُونَهُ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَبَادَرُوا أَنْ يَخْلُصَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَيَأْمَنَ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ غَضِبَ غَضَبًا شَدِيدًا وَاللهِ مَا رَأَيْتُهُ غَضِبَ غَضَبًا أَشَدَّ مِنْهُ فَسَعَيْنَا إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ وَعَلِيٍّ نَسْتَشْفِعُهُمْ وَخَشِينَا أَنْ نَكُونَ قَدْ هَلَكْنَا فَلَمَّاصَلَّى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَامَ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ ﷻ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ هُوَ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ وَلَمْ يُحَرِّمْهَا النَّاسُ وَإِنَّمَا أَحَلَّهَا لِي سَاعَةً مِنَ النَّهَارِ أَمْسِ وَهِيَ الْيَوْمَ حَرَامٌ كَمَا حَرَّمَهَا اللهُ ﷻ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَإِنَّ أَعْتَى النَّاسِ عَلَى اللهِ ﷻ ثَلَاثَةٌ رَجُلٌ قَتَلَ فِيهَا وَرَجُلٌ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ وَرَجُلٌ طَلَبَ بِذَحْلٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَأَدِيَنَّ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي قَتَلْتُمْ فَوَدَاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ
[Machine] He heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, then he went out to his people's gathering, and he sat among them. So I approached him and sat with him, as he spoke to his people as Amr ibn Sa'id had reported from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and what Amr ibn Sa'id said to him was: I said, "O Messenger of Allah, we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he opened Mecca. So, on the day after the conquest, Khuzayah killed a man from Huza'il, and he was a polytheist. So, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood among us as a preacher and said, "O people, verily, Allah ﷻ has made Mecca sacred on the day He created the heavens and the earth. It remains sacred from Allah's sanctity until the Day of Resurrection. It is not permissible for anyone who believes in Allah and the Last Day to shed blood therein or to support a tree therewith that was not allowed for anyone before me or will be allowed for anyone after me. It is not allowed for me except during the state of falling into divine wrath. Verily, it has now returned to its state of sanctity as it was yesterday. So, let those who witnessed it inform those who were absent. For anyone who says to you that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ fought with Mecca, say, "Allah ﷻ has allowed it for His Messenger and has not allowed it for you, O people of Huza'il. Put your hands off killing, for it has become common that if you kill a person, you will have to bear the burden of his guilt. So, whoever is killed after my statement, his relatives will have the choice to either take the blood money or retaliate. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached the man whom Huza'il had killed and said so, then Amr ibn Sa'id said to Abu Shuraih, "You may go, O Sheik, as we know better than you its sanctity, that it does not prevent shedding blood, disobeying, or paying compensation. So, I said, "I was present and you were absent, and I conveyed it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ commanded us to convey to our absentees what we witnessed, and I have conveyed it to you, and it is your matter now."
سَمِعَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ إِلَى نَادِي قَوْمِهِ فَجَلَسَ فِيهِ فَقُمْتُ إِلَيْهِ فَجَلَسْتُ مَعَهُ فَحَدَّثَ قَوْمَهُ كَمَا حَدَّثَ عَمْرَو بْنَ سَعِيدٍ مَا سَمِعَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَعَمَّا قَالَ لَهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا هَذَا إِنَّا كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ حِينَ افْتَتَحَ مَكَّةَ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ مِنْ يَوْمِ الْفَتْحِ عَدَتْ خُزَاعَةُ عَلَى رَجُلٍ مِنْ هُذَيْلٍ فَقَتَلُوهُ وَهُوَ مُشْرِكٌ فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِينَا خَطِيبًا فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ حَرَّمَ مَكَّةَ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِوَالْأَرْضَ فَهِيَ حَرَامٌ مِنْ حَرَامِ اللهِ تَعَالَى إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرِئٍ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ أَنْ يَسْفِكَ فِيهَا دَمًا وَلَا يَعْضِدَ بِهَا شَجَرًا لَمْ تَحْلِلْ لِأَحَدٍ كَانَ قَبْلِي وَلَا تَحِلُّ لِأَحَدٍ يَكُونُ بَعْدِي وَلَمْ تَحْلِلْ لِي إِلَّا هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ غَضَبًا عَلَى أَهْلِهَا أَلَا ثُمَّ قَدْ رَجَعَتْ كَحُرْمَتِهَا بِالْأَمْسِ أَلَا فَلْيُبَلِّغِ الشَّاهِدُ مِنْكُمُ الْغَائِبَ فَمَنْ قَالَ لَكُمْ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدْ قَاتَلَ بِهَا فَقُولُوا إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ قَدْ أَحَلَّهَا لِرَسُولِهِ وَلَمْ يُحْلِلْهَا لَكُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ خُزَاعَةَ ارْفَعُوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنِ الْقَتْلِ فَقَدْ كَثُرَ أَنْ يَقَعَ لَئِنْ قَتَلْتُمْ قَتِيلًا لَأَدِيَنَّهُ فَمَنْ قُتِلَ بَعْدَ مَقَامِي هَذَا فَأَهْلُهُ بِخَيْرِ النَّظَرَيْنِ إِنْ شَاءُوا فَدَمُ قَاتِلِهِ وَإِنْ شَاءُوا فَعَقْلُهُ ثُمَّ وَدَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي قَتَلَتْهُ خُزَاعَةُ فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ سَعِيدٍ لِأَبِي شُرَيْحٍ انْصَرِفْ أَيُّهَا الشَّيْخُ فَنَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِحُرْمَتِهَا مِنْكَ إِنَّهَا لَا تَمْنَعُ سَافِكَ دَمٍ وَلَا خَالِعَ طَاعَةٍ وَلَا مَانِعَ جِزْيَةٍ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ قَدْ كُنْتُ شَاهِدًا وَكُنْتَ غَائِبًا فَقَدْ بَلَّغْتُ وَقَدْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُبَلِّغَ شَاهِدُنَا غَائِبَنَا وَقَدْ بَلَّغْتُكَ فَأَنْتَ وَشَأْنُكَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The strongest of people in the sight of Allah ﷻ is the one who kills without right or seeks to spill the blood of ignorance from the people of Islam, or deceives his eyes in sleep as long as they do not see."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ مِنْ أَعْتَى النَّاسِ عَلَى اللهِ ﷻ مَنْ قَتَلَ غَيْرَ قَاتِلِهِ أَوْ طَلَبَ بِدَمِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ أَوْ بَصَّرَ عَيْنَيْهِ فِي النَّوْمِ مَا لَمْتُبْصِر