35. Sūrat Fāṭir

٣٥۔ سُورَةُ فَاطِر

The Originator (Meccan)

quran:35:1In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

˹All˺ praise is ˹due˺ to Allah, Creator of the heavens and the earth, ˹who˺ made the angels messengers having wings, two or three or four. He increases in creation what He wills. Indeed, Allah is over all things competent.  

Praise be to God, God praises Himself with in these ˹terms˺, as explained at the beginning of ˹the preceding˺ sūrat Saba’, Originator of the heavens and the earth, the One Who created them without any precedent, Appointer of the angels as messengers, to ˹His˺ prophets, having wings in ˹sets of˺ two or three or four. He multiplies in creation, in angels and other ˹creatures˺, what He will. Surely God has power over all things.
القرآن:٣٥:١بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ فَاطِرِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ جَاعِلِ الْمَلَائِكَةِ رُسُلًا أُولِي أَجْنِحَةٍ مَثْنَىٰ وَثُلَاثَ وَرُبَاعَ ۚ يَزِيدُ فِي الْخَلْقِ مَا يَشَاءُ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ  

{الحمد لله} حمد تعالى نفسه بذلك كما بُيّن في أول سورة سبأ {فاطر السماوات والأرض} خالقهما على غير مثال سبق {جاعل الملائكة رسلا} إلى الأنبياء {أولي أجنحة مثنى وثلاث ورباع يزيد في الخلق} في الملائكة وغيرها {ما يشاء إن الله على كل شيء قدير}.
quran:35:2

Whatever Allah grants to people of mercy - none can withhold it; and whatever He withholds - none can release it thereafter. And He is the Exalted in Might, the Wise.  

Whatever mercy God unfolds for mankind, in the way of provision or rain, none can withhold it; and whatever He withholds, thereof, none can release it after Him, that is, after His withholding it. And He is the Mighty, Whose way prevails, the Wise, in what He does.
القرآن:٣٥:٢

مَا يَفْتَحِ اللَّهُ لِلنَّاسِ مِنْ رَحْمَةٍ فَلَا مُمْسِكَ لَهَا ۖ وَمَا يُمْسِكْ فَلَا مُرْسِلَ لَهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ۚ وَهُوَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ  

{ما يفتح الله للناس من رحمة} كرزق ومطر {فلا ممسك لها وما يمسك} من ذلك {فلا مرسل له من بعده} أي بعد إمساكه {وهو العزيز} الغالب على أمره {الحكيم} في فعله.
quran:35:3

O mankind, remember the favor of Allah upon you. Is there any creator other than Allah who provides for you from the heaven and earth? There is no deity except Him, so how are you deluded?  

O people, that is, the people of Mecca, remember God’s grace to you, in His making you dwell within the ˹Meccan˺ Sanctuary and preventing raids against you. Is there any creator (min khāliqin: min is extra; khāliq is the subject) other than God (read ghayru’Llāhi or gharyri’Llāhi, as an adjectival qualification of khāliq, ‘creator’, either concording with the ˹oblique˺ form ˹of min khāliqin˺ or concording with the syntactical status ˹thereof˺; the predicate of the subject ˹is the following˺) who provides for you from the heaven, rain, and, from the, earth?, vegetation (the interrogative is ˹actually˺ an affirmative, that is to say, ‘there is no creator or provider other than Him). There is no god except Him. So how then do you deviate?, how are you turned away from affirming His Oneness when you already affirm that He is the Creator and the Provider?
القرآن:٣٥:٣

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَتَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ ۚ هَلْ مِنْ خَالِقٍ غَيْرُ اللَّهِ يَرْزُقُكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ لَا إِلَٰهَ إِلَّا هُوَ ۖ فَأَنَّىٰ تُؤْفَكُونَ  

{يا أيها الناس} أي أهل مكة {اذكروا نعمة الله عليكم} بإسكانكم الحرم ومنع الغارات عنكم {هل من خالق} من زائدة وخالق مبتدأ {غيرُ الله} بالرفع والجر نعت لخالق لفظا ومحلا، وخبر المبتدأ {يرزقكم من السماء} المطر {و} من {الأرض} النبات، والاستفهام للتقرير، أي لا خالق رازق غيره {لا إله إلا هو فأنَّى تؤفكون} من أين تصرفون عن توحيده مع إقراركم بأنه الخالق الرازق.
quran:35:4

And if they deny you, ˹O Muhammad˺ - already were messengers denied before you. And to Allah are returned ˹all˺ matters.  

And if they deny you, O Muhammad (s), with regard to your coming with ˹the message of˺ God’s Oneness, resurrection, reckoning and punishment, verily ˹other˺ messengers before you were denied, in this respect, so be steadfast as they were steadfast; and to God all matters are returned, in the Hereafter, when He will requite the deniers and grant victory to the messengers.
القرآن:٣٥:٤

وَإِنْ يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كُذِّبَتْ رُسُلٌ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ ۚ وَإِلَى اللَّهِ تُرْجَعُ الْأُمُورُ  

{وإن يكذبوك} يا محمد في مجيئك بالتوحيد والبعث، والحساب والعقاب {فقد كُذِّبت رسل من قبلك} في ذلك فاصبر كما صبروا {وإلى الله ترجع الأمور} في الآخرة فيجازي المكذبين وينصر المسلمين.
quran:35:5

O mankind, indeed the promise of Allah is truth, so let not the worldly life delude you and be not deceived about Allah by the Deceiver.  

O mankind! Indeed God’s promise, of resurrection and of other issues, is true. So do not let the life of this world deceive you, from believing in ˹all of˺ that, and do not let the Deceiver, Satan, deceive you concerning God, on account of His forbearance and respiting ˹of sinners in this life˺.
القرآن:٣٥:٥

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ إِنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ ۖ فَلَا تَغُرَّنَّكُمُ الْحَيَاةُ الدُّنْيَا ۖ وَلَا يَغُرَّنَّكُمْ بِاللَّهِ الْغَرُورُ  

{يا أيها الناس إن وعد الله} بالبعث وغيره {حق فلا تغرنكم الحياة الدنيا} من الإيمان بذلك {ولا يغرنكم بالله} في حلمه وإمهاله {الغرور} الشيطان.
quran:35:6

Indeed, Satan is an enemy to you; so take him as an enemy. He only invites his party to be among the companions of the Blaze.  

Truly Satan is an enemy to you. So treat him as an enemy, by being obedient to God and do not obey him; he only summons his faction, his followers in disbelief, so that they may be among the inhabitants of the Blaze, the fierce Fire.
القرآن:٣٥:٦

إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لَكُمْ عَدُوٌّ فَاتَّخِذُوهُ عَدُوًّا ۚ إِنَّمَا يَدْعُو حِزْبَهُ لِيَكُونُوا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ السَّعِيرِ  

{إن الشيطان لكم عدوٌ فاتخذوه عدوّا} بطاعة الله ولا تطيعوه {إنما يدعو حزبه} أتباعه في الكفر {ليكونوا من أصحاب السعير} النار الشديدة.
quran:35:7

Those who disbelieve will have a severe punishment, and those who believe and do righteous deeds will have forgiveness and great reward.  

Those who disbelieve, theirs will be a severe chastisement; but those who believe and perform righteous deeds, theirs will be forgiveness and a great reward — this is a declaration of what ˹fate˺ will be for the adherents of Satan and what will be for his opponents ˹respectively˺.
القرآن:٣٥:٧

الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ ۖ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ لَهُمْ مَغْفِرَةٌ وَأَجْرٌ كَبِيرٌ  

{الذين كفروا لهم عذاب شديد والذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات لهم مغفرة وأجر كبير} هذا بيان ما لموافقي الشيطان وما لمخالفيه.
quran:35:8

Then is one to whom the evil of his deed has been made attractive so he considers it good ˹like one rightly guided˺? For indeed, Allah sends astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. So do not let yourself perish over them in regret. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of what they do.  

The following was revealed regarding Abū Jahl and others: Is he, the evil of whose deeds is made ˹to seem˺ fair to him, by distortion, so that he deems it good ˹…˺? (a-fa-man, ‘is he ˹whose˺’ constitutes the subject, the predicate of which is ˹an omitted˺ ‘like one whom God has guided?’ No! And this ˹predicate˺ is indicated by ˹what follows˺). Indeed God leads astray whomever He will and guides whomever He will. So do not let your soul expire for their sake, for those to whom it has made ˹to seem˺ fair, out of sighings, by becoming anguished lest they do not believe. Indeed God is Knower of what they do, and He will requite them for it.
القرآن:٣٥:٨

أَفَمَنْ زُيِّنَ لَهُ سُوءُ عَمَلِهِ فَرَآهُ حَسَنًا ۖ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يُضِلُّ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَيَهْدِي مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۖ فَلَا تَذْهَبْ نَفْسُكَ عَلَيْهِمْ حَسَرَاتٍ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلِيمٌ بِمَا يَصْنَعُونَ  

ونزل في أبي جهل وغيره {أفمن زينَ له سوء عمله} بالتمويه {فرآه حسنا} من مبتدأ خبره كمن هداه الله؟ لا، دل عليه {فإن الله يضل من يشاء ويهدي من يشاء فلا تذهب نفسك عليهم} على المزيَّن لهم {حسرات} باغتمامك ألا يؤمنوا {إن الله عليم بما يصنعون} فيجازيهم عليه.
quran:35:9

And it is Allah who sends the winds, and they stir the clouds, and We drive them to a dead land and give life thereby to the earth after its lifelessness. Thus is the resurrection.  

And it is God Who unleashes the winds (al-riyāha: a variant reading has al-rīha) and they raise clouds (fatuthīru’l-sahāba: the imperfect tense here is used to narrate the past), that is, they stir them up, then We drive them (there is a shift here from the third person ˹to the first person˺ address) to a dead land (read mayyitin or maytin), wherein is no plant life, and therewith revive the earth, of that land, after it has been dead, ˹after˺ its having been dried-out. In other words, We made seeds and grass grow in it: Such will be the Raising, that is, the Resurrection and the bringing ˹of the dead˺ back to life.
القرآن:٣٥:٩

وَاللَّهُ الَّذِي أَرْسَلَ الرِّيَاحَ فَتُثِيرُ سَحَابًا فَسُقْنَاهُ إِلَىٰ بَلَدٍ مَيِّتٍ فَأَحْيَيْنَا بِهِ الْأَرْضَ بَعْدَ مَوْتِهَا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ النُّشُورُ  

{والله الذي أرسل الرياح} وفي قراءة الريح {فتثير سحابا} المضارع لحكاية الحال الماضية، أي تزعجه {فسقناه} فيه التفات عن الغيبة {إلى بلد ميت} بالتشديد والتخفيف لا نبات بها {فأحيينا به الأرض} من البلد {بعد موتها} يبسها، أي أنبتنا به الزرع والكلأ {كذلك النشور} أي البعث والإحياء.
quran:35:10

Whoever desires honor ˹through power˺ - then to Allah belongs all honor. To Him ascends good speech, and righteous work raises it. But they who plot evil deeds will have a severe punishment, and the plotting of those - it will perish.  

Whoever desires glory ˹should know that˺ all glory belongs to God, in this world and in the Hereafter, and it cannot be obtained from Him except through obedience to Him, so let such ˹a one˺ be obedient to Him. To Him ascends good words, that is to say, He is aware of such ˹good words˺, and these are ˹statements such as˺ ‘there is no god except God’ and the like; and as for righteous action, He exalts it, He accepts it; but those who plot evil, schemes against the Prophet — ˹as was the case˺ at the council assembly, in the way of imprisoning him, killing him or expelling him, as mentioned in ˹sūrat˺ al-Anfāl ˹Q. 8:30˺ — theirs shall be a severe chastisement and their plotting shall come to nothing: it shall be ruined.
القرآن:٣٥:١٠

مَنْ كَانَ يُرِيدُ الْعِزَّةَ فَلِلَّهِ الْعِزَّةُ جَمِيعًا ۚ إِلَيْهِ يَصْعَدُ الْكَلِمُ الطَّيِّبُ وَالْعَمَلُ الصَّالِحُ يَرْفَعُهُ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ يَمْكُرُونَ السَّيِّئَاتِ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ شَدِيدٌ ۖ وَمَكْرُ أُولَٰئِكَ هُوَ يَبُورُ  

{من كان يريد العزة فلله العزة جميعا} أي في الدنيا والآخرة فلا تنال منه إلا بطاعته فليطعه {إليه يصعد الكلم الطيب} يعلمه وهو لا إله إلا الله ونحوها {والعمل الصالح يرفعه} يقبله {والذين يمكرون} المكرات {السيئات} بالنبي في دار الندوة من تقييده أو قتله أو إخراجه كما ذكر في الأنفال {لهم عذاب شديد ومكر أولئك هو يبور} يهلك.
quran:35:11

And Allah created you from dust, then from a sperm-drop; then He made you mates. And no female conceives nor does she give birth except with His knowledge. And no aged person is granted ˹additional˺ life nor is his lifespan lessened but that it is in a register. Indeed, that for Allah is easy.  

And God created you from dust, by having created your father Adam from it, then from a drop of ˹seminal˺ fluid, in other words, from sperm, by creating his seed from it; then He made you pairs, males and females. And no female bears or brings forth except with His knowledge (illā bi-‘ilmihi is a circumstantial qualifier, in other words, ‘˹except˺ that it is known by Him’) and no long-living person is given long life, in other words, the life of none is increased for one who has a long life, nor is anything diminished of his life, in other words, ˹of the life of˺ that same long-living person or some other long-living person, but it is ˹recorded˺ in a Book, namely, the Preserved Tablet. Surely that is easy for God.
القرآن:٣٥:١١

وَاللَّهُ خَلَقَكُمْ مِنْ تُرَابٍ ثُمَّ مِنْ نُطْفَةٍ ثُمَّ جَعَلَكُمْ أَزْوَاجًا ۚ وَمَا تَحْمِلُ مِنْ أُنْثَىٰ وَلَا تَضَعُ إِلَّا بِعِلْمِهِ ۚ وَمَا يُعَمَّرُ مِنْ مُعَمَّرٍ وَلَا يُنْقَصُ مِنْ عُمُرِهِ إِلَّا فِي كِتَابٍ ۚ إِنَّ ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ يَسِيرٌ  

{والله خلقكم من تراب} بخلق أبيكم آدم منه {ثم من نطفة} أي منيّ بخلق ذريته منها {ثم جعلكم أزواجا} ذكورا وإناثا {وما تحمل من أنثى ولا تضع إلا بعلمه} حال، أي معلومة له {وما يعمَّر من معمَّر} أي ما يزاد في عمر طويل العمر {ولا ينقص من عمره} أي ذلك المعمَّر أو معمَّر آخر {إلا في كتاب} هو اللوح المحفوظ {إن ذلك على الله يسير} هيِّن.
quran:35:12

And not alike are the two bodies of water. One is fresh and sweet, palatable for drinking, and one is salty and bitter. And from each you eat tender meat and extract ornaments which you wear, and you see the ships plowing through ˹them˺ that you might seek of His bounty; and perhaps you will be grateful.  

Nor are the two ˹kinds of˺ seas alike: this one is extremely sweet, pleasant to drink and that one is salty, extremely bitter. Yet from each, of the two, you eat fresh meat, namely, fish, and obtain, from the salt — and it is also said, from both of them — ornaments which you wear, namely, pearls and coral. And you see, you sight, the ships therein, in each of the two ˹seas˺, ploughing through (mawākhira, in other words, tamkhuru’l-mā’a, meaning, ‘it cleaves it as it makes its way through it, coming and going by the same wind) that you may seek of His bounty, exalted be He, through commerce, and that perhaps you may give thanks, to God for this ˹bounty˺.
القرآن:٣٥:١٢

وَمَا يَسْتَوِي الْبَحْرَانِ هَٰذَا عَذْبٌ فُرَاتٌ سَائِغٌ شَرَابُهُ وَهَٰذَا مِلْحٌ أُجَاجٌ ۖ وَمِنْ كُلٍّ تَأْكُلُونَ لَحْمًا طَرِيًّا وَتَسْتَخْرِجُونَ حِلْيَةً تَلْبَسُونَهَا ۖ وَتَرَى الْفُلْكَ فِيهِ مَوَاخِرَ لِتَبْتَغُوا مِنْ فَضْلِهِ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ  

{وما يستوي البحران هذا عذب فرات} شديد العذوبة {سائغ شرابه} شربه {وهذا ملح أجاج} شديد الملوحة {ومن كل} منهما {تأكلون لحما طريا} هو السمك {وتستخرجون} من الملح، وقيل منهما {حلية تلبسونها} هي اللؤلؤ والمرجان {وترى} تُبصر {الفلك} السفن {فيه} في كل منهما {مواخر} تمخر الماء، أي تشقه بجريها فيه مقبلة ومدبرة بريح واحدة {لتبتغوا} تطلبوا {من فضله} تعالى بالتجارة {ولعلكم تشكرون} الله على ذلك.
quran:35:13

He causes the night to enter the day, and He causes the day to enter the night and has subjected the sun and the moon - each running ˹its course˺ for a specified term. That is Allah, your Lord; to Him belongs sovereignty. And those whom you invoke other than Him do not possess ˹as much as˺ the membrane of a date seed.  

He, God, makes the night pass, enter, into the day, so that it becomes longer, and He makes the day pass into the night, so that it becomes longer, and He has disposed the sun and the moon, each, of them, moving, in its course, to an appointed term — ˹to˺ the Day of Resurrection. That is God, your Lord; to Him belongs ˹all˺ sovereignty. As for those on whom you call, ˹whom˺ you worship, besides Him, in other words, other than Him — and they are the idols — they do not possess ˹even˺ so much as the husk of a date-stone.
القرآن:٣٥:١٣

يُولِجُ اللَّيْلَ فِي النَّهَارِ وَيُولِجُ النَّهَارَ فِي اللَّيْلِ وَسَخَّرَ الشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ كُلٌّ يَجْرِي لِأَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۚ ذَٰلِكُمُ اللَّهُ رَبُّكُمْ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ ۚ وَالَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِهِ مَا يَمْلِكُونَ مِنْ قِطْمِيرٍ  

{يولج} يدخل الله {الليل في النهار} فيزيد {ويولج النهار} يدخله {في الليل} فيزيد {وسخر الشمس والقمر كل} منهما {يجري} في فلكه {لأجل مسمى} يوم القيامة {ذلكم الله ربكم له الملك والذين تدعون} تعبدون {من دونه} أي غيره وهم الأصنام {ما يملكون من قِطْمير} لفاقة النواة.
quran:35:14

If you invoke them, they do not hear your supplication; and if they heard, they would not respond to you. And on the Day of Resurrection they will deny your association. And none can inform you like ˹one˺ Acquainted ˹with all matters˺.  

If you call on them, they will not hear your call, and ˹even˺ if they heard —hypothetically ˹speaking˺ — they would not ˹be able to˺ respond to you; and on the Day of Resurrection they will disown your ˹idolatrous˺ associations, in other words, your associating them with God ˹in power˺, that is to say, they will declare themselves innocent of you and of your worship of them. And none can inform you, about the state in the two abodes, like One Who is Aware, Knower, and this is God, exalted be He.
القرآن:٣٥:١٤

إِنْ تَدْعُوهُمْ لَا يَسْمَعُوا دُعَاءَكُمْ وَلَوْ سَمِعُوا مَا اسْتَجَابُوا لَكُمْ ۖ وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَكْفُرُونَ بِشِرْكِكُمْ ۚ وَلَا يُنَبِّئُكَ مِثْلُ خَبِيرٍ  

{إن تدعوهم لا يسمعوا دعاءكم ولو سمعوا} فرضا {ما استجابوا لكم} ما أجابوكم {ويوم القيامة يكفرون بشرككم} بإشراككم إياهم مع الله، أي يتبرءون منكم ومن عبادتكم إياهم {ولا يُنبئك} بأحوال الدارين {مثل خبير} عالم هو الله تعالى.
quran:35:15

O mankind, you are those in need of Allah, while Allah is the Free of need, the Praiseworthy.  

O mankind! You are the ones who are in need of God, in every state. And God, He is the Independent, ˹without any need˺ of His creatures, the Praised, the One Who is praised in whatever He does with them.
القرآن:٣٥:١٥

يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَنْتُمُ الْفُقَرَاءُ إِلَى اللَّهِ ۖ وَاللَّهُ هُوَ الْغَنِيُّ الْحَمِيدُ  

{يا أيها الناس أنتم الفقراء إلى الله} بكل حال {والله هو الغنيُّ} عن خلقه {الحميد} المحمود في صنعه بهم.
quran:35:16

If He wills, He can do away with you and bring forth a new creation.  

If He will, He can take you away and bring about a new creation, instead of you.
القرآن:٣٥:١٦

إِنْ يَشَأْ يُذْهِبْكُمْ وَيَأْتِ بِخَلْقٍ جَدِيدٍ  

{إن يشأ يذهبكم ويأت بخلق جديد} بدلكم.
quran:35:17

And that is for Allah not difficult.  

And that is not an arduous thing for God.
القرآن:٣٥:١٧

وَمَا ذَٰلِكَ عَلَى اللَّهِ بِعَزِيزٍ  

{وما ذلك على الله بعزيز} شديد.
quran:35:18

And no bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another. And if a heavily laden soul calls ˹another˺ to ˹carry some of˺ its load, nothing of it will be carried, even if he should be a close relative. You can only warn those who fear their Lord unseen and have established prayer. And whoever purifies himself only purifies himself for ˹the benefit of˺ his soul. And to Allah is the ˹final˺ destination.  

And no burdened soul shall bear the burden of another ˹sinful soul˺. And should one, soul, burdened heavily, with sin, call for, some of, its burden to be borne, by another, nothing of it will be borne, even if, the one called, be a relative, kin, such as a father or a son — the impossibility of ‘having something borne ˹by another˺’ in both instances is something ordained by God. You can only warn those who fear their Lord in secret, in other words, those who fear Him despite not having seen Him, for they are the ones to benefit from the warning, and observe the prayer, maintain ˹performance of˺ it. For whoever purifies himself, cleansing himself of idolatry and other ˹similar abominations˺, is purifying himself only for ˹the sake of˺ his own soul, because the reforming of his self pertains to him. And to God is the ˹end of the˺ journeying, the return in the Hereafter when He will requite according to deeds.
القرآن:٣٥:١٨

وَلَا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَىٰ ۚ وَإِنْ تَدْعُ مُثْقَلَةٌ إِلَىٰ حِمْلِهَا لَا يُحْمَلْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَلَوْ كَانَ ذَا قُرْبَىٰ ۗ إِنَّمَا تُنْذِرُ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَيْبِ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ ۚ وَمَنْ تَزَكَّىٰ فَإِنَّمَا يَتَزَكَّىٰ لِنَفْسِهِ ۚ وَإِلَى اللَّهِ الْمَصِيرُ  

{ولا تزر} نفس {وازرة} آثمة، أي لا تحمل {وزرَ} نفس {أخرى وإن تدع} نفس {مثقلة} بالوزر {إلى حملها} منه أحدا ليحمل بعضه {لا يُحمل منه شيء ولو كان} المدعو {ذا قربى} قرابة كالأب والابن وعدم الحمل في الشقين حكم من الله {إنما تنذر الذين يخشون ربهم بالغيب} أي يخافونه وما رأوه لأنهم المنتفعون بالإنذار {وأقاموا الصلاة} أداموها {ومن تزكَّى} تطهر من الشرك وغيره {فإنما يتزكَّى لنفسه} فصلاحه مختص به {وإلى الله المصير} المرجع فيجزي بالعمل في الآخرة.
quran:35:19

Not equal are the blind and the seeing,  

Nor are the blind and the seer equal, that is, the disbeliever and the believer ˹are not equal˺,
القرآن:٣٥:١٩

وَمَا يَسْتَوِي الْأَعْمَىٰ وَالْبَصِيرُ  

{وما يستوي الأعمى والبصير} الكافر والمؤمن.
quran:35:20

Nor are the darknesses and the light,  

nor darkness — disbelief — and light — faith;
القرآن:٣٥:٢٠

وَلَا الظُّلُمَاتُ وَلَا النُّورُ  

{ولا الظلمات} الكفر {ولا النور} الإيمان.
quran:35:21

Nor are the shade and the heat,  

nor shade and torrid heat, namely, Paradise and the Fire;
القرآن:٣٥:٢١

وَلَا الظِّلُّ وَلَا الْحَرُورُ  

{ولا الظل ولا الحرور} الجنة والنار.
quran:35:22

And not equal are the living and the dead. Indeed, Allah causes to hear whom He wills, but you cannot make hear those in the graves.  

nor are the living equal to the dead, the believers and the disbelievers ˹respectively˺ (the addition of the particle lā, ‘nor’, in all three instances is for emphasis). Indeed God makes to hear whomever He will, to be guided, so that such ˹a person˺ then responds to Him by embracing faith. But you cannot make those who are in the graves to hear, namely, the disbelievers — whom He has likened to the dead — ˹to hear˺ and so respond.
القرآن:٣٥:٢٢

وَمَا يَسْتَوِي الْأَحْيَاءُ وَلَا الْأَمْوَاتُ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُسْمِعُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۖ وَمَا أَنْتَ بِمُسْمِعٍ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ  

{وما يستوي الأحياء ولا الأموات} المؤمنون ولا الكفار، وزيادة لا في الثلاثة تأكيد {إن الله يسمع من يشاء} هدايته فيجيبه بالإيمان {وما أنت بمسمع من في القبور} أي الكفار شبههم بالموتى فيجيبون.
quran:35:23

You, ˹O Muhammad˺, are not but a warner.  

You are but a warner, to them.
القرآن:٣٥:٢٣

إِنْ أَنْتَ إِلَّا نَذِيرٌ  

{إن} ما {أنت إلا نذير} منذر لهم.
quran:35:24

Indeed, We have sent you with the truth as a bringer of good tidings and a warner. And there was no nation but that there had passed within it a warner.  

Truly We have sent you with the truth, with ˹right˺ guidance, as a bearer of good tidings, to him who responds to it, and a warner, to him who does not respond to it. And there is not a community but there has passed, there has been, in it a warner, a prophet to warn it.
القرآن:٣٥:٢٤

إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَاكَ بِالْحَقِّ بَشِيرًا وَنَذِيرًا ۚ وَإِنْ مِنْ أُمَّةٍ إِلَّا خَلَا فِيهَا نَذِيرٌ  

{إنا أرسلناك بالحق} بالهدى {بشيرا} من أجاب إليه {ونذيرا} من لم يجب إليه {وإن} ما {من أمة إلا خلا} سلف {فيها نذير} نبي ينذرها.
quran:35:25

And if they deny you - then already have those before them denied. Their messengers came to them with clear proofs and written ordinances and with the enlightening Scripture.  

And if they, that is, the people of Meccans, deny you, those before them also denied: their messengers brought them manifest signs, miracles, and with scriptures, such as the scrolls of Abraham, and with the illuminating Book, namely, the Torah and the Gospel, so endure ˹patiently˺ as they endured.
القرآن:٣٥:٢٥

وَإِنْ يُكَذِّبُوكَ فَقَدْ كَذَّبَ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ جَاءَتْهُمْ رُسُلُهُمْ بِالْبَيِّنَاتِ وَبِالزُّبُرِ وَبِالْكِتَابِ الْمُنِيرِ  

{وإن يكذبوك} أي أهل مكة {فقد كذب الذين من قبلهم جاءتهم رسلهم بالبينات} المعجزات {وبالزبر} كصحف إبراهيم {وبالكتاب المنير} هو التوراة والإنجيل، فاصبر كما صبروا.
quran:35:26

Then I seized the ones who disbelieved, and how ˹terrible˺ was My reproach.  

Then I seized those who disbelieved, for their denial, and how was My abhorrence!, ˹how was˺ My rebuttal against them by way of punishment and destruction, in other words, it was appropriate.
القرآن:٣٥:٢٦

ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ۖ فَكَيْفَ كَانَ نَكِيرِ  

{ثم أخذت الذين كفروا} بتكذيبهم {فكيف كان نكير} إنكاري عليهم بالعقوبة والإهلاك، أي هو واقع موقعه.
quran:35:27

Do you not see that Allah sends down rain from the sky, and We produce thereby fruits of varying colors? And in the mountains are tracts, white and red of varying shades and ˹some˺ extremely black.  

Have you not seen, ˹have you not˺ realised, that God sends down water from the heaven, wherewith We bring forth (there is here a shift from the third person ˹to the first person˺ address) fruits of diverse hues, such as green, red, and yellow ˹fruits˺ and so on? And in the mountains are streaks (judad is the plural of judda, which is a mountain trail or the like) white and red, and yellow, of diverse hues, some intense and some pale, and ˹others˺ pitch-black? (gharābību sūd is a supplement to judadun, ‘streaks’, meaning, darkblack rocks: one commonly says aswad ghirbīb, but rarely ghirbīb aswad).
القرآن:٣٥:٢٧

أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَنْزَلَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً فَأَخْرَجْنَا بِهِ ثَمَرَاتٍ مُخْتَلِفًا أَلْوَانُهَا ۚ وَمِنَ الْجِبَالِ جُدَدٌ بِيضٌ وَحُمْرٌ مُخْتَلِفٌ أَلْوَانُهَا وَغَرَابِيبُ سُودٌ  

{ألم ترَ} تعلم {أن الله أنزل من السماء ماءً فأخرجنا} فيه التفات عن الغيبة {به ثمرات مختلفا ألوانها} كأخضر وأحمر وأصفر وغيرها {ومن الجبال جدد} جمع جدة، طريق في الجبل وغيره {بيض وحمر} وصفر {مختلف ألوانها} بالشدة والضعف {وغرابيب سود} عطف على جدد، أي صخور شديدة السواد، يقال كثيرا: أسود غربيب، وقليلا: غربيب أسود.
quran:35:28

And among people and moving creatures and grazing livestock are various colors similarly. Only those fear Allah, from among His servants, who have knowledge. Indeed, Allah is Exalted in Might and Forgiving.  

And of humans and beasts and cattle, there are diverse hues likewise, like the diversity of the ˹hues of˺ fruits and mountains. Indeed only those of God’s servants who have knowledge fear Him, in contrast to the ignorant, such as the disbelievers of Mecca. Truly God is Mighty, in His kingdom, Forgiving, of the sins of His faithful servants.
القرآن:٣٥:٢٨

وَمِنَ النَّاسِ وَالدَّوَابِّ وَالْأَنْعَامِ مُخْتَلِفٌ أَلْوَانُهُ كَذَٰلِكَ ۗ إِنَّمَا يَخْشَى اللَّهَ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ الْعُلَمَاءُ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزِيزٌ غَفُورٌ  

{ومن الناس والدواب والأنعام مختلف ألوانه كذلك} كاختلاف الثمار والجبال {إنما يخشى الله من عباده العلماءُ} بخلاف الجهال ككفار مكة {إن الله عزيز} في ملكه {غفور} لذنوب عباده المؤمنين.
quran:35:29

Indeed, those who recite the Book of Allah and establish prayer and spend ˹in His cause˺ out of what We have provided them, secretly and publicly, ˹can˺ expect a profit that will never perish -  

Indeed those who recite the Book of God and observe prayer, they maintain ˹performance of˺ it, and expend of what We have provided them secretly and openly, ˹to give˺ as alms and otherwise, anticipate a commerce that will never be ruined,
القرآن:٣٥:٢٩

إِنَّ الَّذِينَ يَتْلُونَ كِتَابَ اللَّهِ وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَأَنْفَقُوا مِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ سِرًّا وَعَلَانِيَةً يَرْجُونَ تِجَارَةً لَنْ تَبُورَ  

{إن الذين يتلون} يقرءُون {كتاب الله وأقاموا الصلاة} أداموها {وأنفقوا مما رزقناهم سرا وعلانية} زكاة وغيرها {يرجون تجارة لن تبور} تهلك.
quran:35:30

That He may give them in full their rewards and increase for them of His bounty. Indeed, He is Forgiving and Appreciative.  

that He may pay them in full their rewards, the reward for their mentioned deeds, and enrich them out of His bounty. Truly He is Forgiving, of their sins, Appreciative, of their obedience.
القرآن:٣٥:٣٠

لِيُوَفِّيَهُمْ أُجُورَهُمْ وَيَزِيدَهُمْ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ غَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ  

{ليوفيهم أجورهم} ثواب أعمالهم المذكورة {ويزيدهم من فضله إنه غفور} لذنوبهم {شكور} لطاعتهم.
quran:35:31

And that which We have revealed to you, ˹O Muhammad˺, of the Book is the truth, confirming what was before it. Indeed, Allah, of His servants, is Acquainted and Seeing.  

And that which We have revealed to you of the Book, the Qur’ān, is the truth, confirming what was ˹revealed˺ before it, in other words, ˹confirming˺ the Books that came before it. Indeed, with regard to His servants, God is truly Aware and Seeing, knowing ˹both their˺ inward and outward aspects.
القرآن:٣٥:٣١

وَالَّذِي أَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْكَ مِنَ الْكِتَابِ هُوَ الْحَقُّ مُصَدِّقًا لِمَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ بِعِبَادِهِ لَخَبِيرٌ بَصِيرٌ  

{والذي أوحينا إليك من الكتاب} القرآن {هو الحق مصدقا لما بين يديه} تقدمه من الكتب {إن الله بعباده لخبير بصير} عالم بالبواطن والظواهر.
quran:35:32

Then we caused to inherit the Book those We have chosen of Our servants; and among them is he who wrongs himself, and among them is he who is moderate, and among them is he who is foremost in good deeds by permission of Allah. That ˹inheritance˺ is what is the great bounty.  

Then We gave the Book, the Qur’ān, to those of Our servants whom We chose, namely, your community. Yet some of them are those who wrong themselves, by failing to act fully in accordance with it, and some of them are moderate, acting in accordance with it most of the time, and some are those who take the lead in ˹performing˺ good works, so that in addition to his ˹acquiring˺ knowledge he disseminates it and shows ˹others˺ the way ˹to proper conduct˺ as well as acting in accordance ˹with the Qur’ān˺, by the leave of God, by His will. That, bequest to them of the Book, is the greatest favour!
القرآن:٣٥:٣٢

ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا ۖ فَمِنْهُمْ ظَالِمٌ لِنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُمْ مُقْتَصِدٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ هُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْكَبِيرُ  

{ثم أورثنا} أعطينا {الكتاب} القرآن {الذين اصطفينا من عبادنا} وهم أمتك {فمنهم ظالم لنفسه} بالتقصير في العمل به {ومنهم مقتصد} يعمل به أغلب الأوقات {ومنهم سابق بالخيرات} يضم إلى العلم التعليم والإرشاد إلى العمل {بإذن الله} بإرادته {ذلك} أي إيراثهم الكتاب {هو الفضل الكبير}.
quran:35:33

˹For them are˺ gardens of perpetual residence which they will enter. They will be adorned therein with bracelets of gold and pearls, and their garments therein will be silk.  

Gardens of Eden, as a ˹permanent˺ residence, into which they will be admitted, the three ˹types of servants mentioned˺ (read active yadkhulūnahā, ‘they will enter it’, or passive yudkhalūnahā, ‘into which they will be admitted’, as the predicate of the subject jannāt, ‘gardens’) — therein they will be adorned (yuhallawna is a second predicate) with, some, bracelets of gold and pearls, studded with gold, and their garments therein will be of silk.
القرآن:٣٥:٣٣

جَنَّاتُ عَدْنٍ يَدْخُلُونَهَا يُحَلَّوْنَ فِيهَا مِنْ أَسَاوِرَ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ وَلُؤْلُؤًا ۖ وَلِبَاسُهُمْ فِيهَا حَرِيرٌ  

{جنات عدن} أي إقامة {يدخلونها} الثلاثة بالبناء وللمفعول خبر جنات المبتدأ {يُحلَّون} خبر ثان {فيها من} بعض {أساور من ذهب ولؤلؤا} مرصع بالذهب {ولباسهم فيها حرير}.
quran:35:34

And they will say, "Praise to Allah, who has removed from us ˹all˺ sorrow. Indeed, our Lord is Forgiving and Appreciative -  

And they will say, ‘Praise be to God Who has removed, all, grief from us. Truly our Lord is Forgiving, of sins, Appreciative, of obedience,
القرآن:٣٥:٣٤

وَقَالُوا الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَذْهَبَ عَنَّا الْحَزَنَ ۖ إِنَّ رَبَّنَا لَغَفُورٌ شَكُورٌ  

{وقالوا الحمد لله الذي أذهب عنا الحَزَنَ} جميعه {إن ربنا لغفور} للذنوب {شكور} للطاعة.
quran:35:35

He who has settled us in the home of duration out of His bounty. There touches us not in it any fatigue, and there touches us not in it weariness ˹of mind˺."  

Who out of His favour has made us to dwell in the Abode of ˹everlasting˺ Stay, wherein no toil shall touch us, nor shall we be touched by any fatigue’, lack of strength caused by exhaustion, ˹and this is˺ because ˹religious˺ obligations no longer apply therein (the second of these ˹‘fatigue’˺, which is consequent upon the first ˹‘toil’˺, is mentioned in order to make explicit the non-existence ˹of any toil in Paradise˺).
القرآن:٣٥:٣٥

الَّذِي أَحَلَّنَا دَارَ الْمُقَامَةِ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ لَا يَمَسُّنَا فِيهَا نَصَبٌ وَلَا يَمَسُّنَا فِيهَا لُغُوبٌ  

{الذي أحلّنا دار المقامة} الإقامة {من فضله لا يمسنا فيها نصب} تعب {ولا يمسنا فيها لغوب} إعياء من التعب لعدم التكليف فيها، وذكر الثاني التابع للأول للتصريح بنفيه.
quran:35:36

And for those who disbelieve will be the fire of Hell. ˹Death˺ is not decreed for them so they may die, nor will its torment be lightened for them. Thus do we recompense every ungrateful one.  

And as for those who disbelieve, there will be for them the fire of Hell: they will neither be done away with, through death, so that they may die, and find rest, nor will any ˹aspect˺ of its chastisement be lightened for them, ˹not even for˺ a single moment. In this way, in the way that We requite these, We requite every ingrate, ˹every˺ disbeliever (read yujzā kullu kafūrin, ‘every ingrate is ˹so˺ requited’; or najzī kulla kafūrin, ‘˹so˺ We requite every ingrate’).
القرآن:٣٥:٣٦

وَالَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَهُمْ نَارُ جَهَنَّمَ لَا يُقْضَىٰ عَلَيْهِمْ فَيَمُوتُوا وَلَا يُخَفَّفُ عَنْهُمْ مِنْ عَذَابِهَا ۚ كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي كُلَّ كَفُورٍ  

{والذين كفروا لهم نار جهنم لا يقضى عليهم} بالموت {فيموتوا} يستريحوا {ولا يُخفف عنهم من عذابها} طرفة عين {كذلك} كما جزيناهم {يجزِى كلَّ كفورِ} كافر بالياء والنون المفتوحة مع كسر الزاي ونصب كل.
quran:35:37

And they will cry out therein, "Our Lord, remove us; we will do righteousness - other than what we were doing!" But did We not grant you life enough for whoever would remember therein to remember, and the warner had come to you? So taste ˹the punishment˺, for there is not for the wrongdoers any helper.  

While therein they will be crying out, calling for help in distress, howling and saying: ‘Our Lord! Bring us forth, from it, and we will act righteously, other than how we used to act’. But it will be said to them: ‘Did We not give you long life, enough, time, in which to take heed, for him who would take heed? And ˹moreover˺ the warner, the Messenger, came to you, but you did not respond to his call, so taste now ˹this chastisement˺! For the evildoers, the disbelievers, have no helper’, to ward off from them the chastisement.
القرآن:٣٥:٣٧

وَهُمْ يَصْطَرِخُونَ فِيهَا رَبَّنَا أَخْرِجْنَا نَعْمَلْ صَالِحًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي كُنَّا نَعْمَلُ ۚ أَوَلَمْ نُعَمِّرْكُمْ مَا يَتَذَكَّرُ فِيهِ مَنْ تَذَكَّرَ وَجَاءَكُمُ النَّذِيرُ ۖ فَذُوقُوا فَمَا لِلظَّالِمِينَ مِنْ نَصِيرٍ  

{وهم يصطرخون فيها} يستغيثون بشدة وعويل يقولون {ربنا أخرجنا} منها {نعمل صالحا غير الذي كنا نعمل} فيقال لهم {أوَ لم نعمّركم ما} وقتا {يتذكر فيه من تذكر وجاءكم النذير} الرسول فما أجبتم {فذوقوا فما للظالمين} الكافرين {من نصير} يدفع العذاب عنهم.
quran:35:38

Indeed, Allah is Knower of the unseen ˹aspects˺ of the heavens and earth. Indeed, He is Knowing of that within the breasts.  

Truly God is Knower of the Unseen of the heavens and the earth; truly He knows well what is in the breasts, what is in the hearts — thus there is all the more reason that He should ˹also˺ have knowledge of other things, given the way people are.
القرآن:٣٥:٣٨

إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَالِمُ غَيْبِ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضِ ۚ إِنَّهُ عَلِيمٌ بِذَاتِ الصُّدُورِ  

{إن الله عالم غيب السماوات والأرض إنه عليم بذات الصدور} بما في القلوب، فعلمه بغيره أولى بالنظر إلى حال الناس.
quran:35:39

It is He who has made you successors upon the earth. And whoever disbelieves - upon him will be ˹the consequence of˺ his disbelief. And the disbelief of the disbelievers does not increase them in the sight of their Lord except in hatred; and the disbelief of the disbelievers does not increase them except in loss.  

It is He Who made you successors in the earth (khalā’if, ‘successors’, is the plural of khalīfa) in other words, one succeeding the other. So whoever disbelieves, of you, his disbelief will be to his own detriment, that is, the evil consequences of his disbelief ˹will be so˺. And their disbelief does not increase the disbelievers with their Lord ˹in anything˺ except disfavour, wrath. And their disbelief does not increase the disbelievers ˹in anything˺ except loss, of ˹the reward of˺ the Hereafter.
القرآن:٣٥:٣٩

هُوَ الَّذِي جَعَلَكُمْ خَلَائِفَ فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ فَمَنْ كَفَرَ فَعَلَيْهِ كُفْرُهُ ۖ وَلَا يَزِيدُ الْكَافِرِينَ كُفْرُهُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّهِمْ إِلَّا مَقْتًا ۖ وَلَا يَزِيدُ الْكَافِرِينَ كُفْرُهُمْ إِلَّا خَسَارًا  

{هو الذي جعلكم خلائف في الأرض} جمع خليفة، أي يخلف بعضكم بعضا {فمن كفر} منكم {فعليه كفره} أي وبال كفره {ولا يزيد الكافرين كفرهم عند ربهم إلا مقتا} غضبا {ولا يزيد الكافرين كفرهم إلا خسارا} للآخرة.
quran:35:40

Say, "Have you considered your 'partners' whom you invoke besides Allah? Show me what they have created from the earth, or have they partnership ˹with Him˺ in the heavens? Or have We given them a book so they are ˹standing˺ on evidence therefrom? ˹No˺, rather, the wrongdoers do not promise each other except delusion."  

Say: ‘Have you considered your associates on whom you call, ˹those whom˺ you worship, besides God?, in other words, other than God — and they are the idols whom you asserted to be partners of God, exalted be He. Show me, apprise me of, what ˹part˺ of the earth they have created. Or do they have some partnership, some share alongside God, in, the creation of, the heavens?’ Or have We given them a scripture, so that they are ˹acting˺ upon a clear proof, a definitive argument, therefrom?, to the effect that they have some partnership with Me? Nothing of the sort! Nay, but the evildoers, the disbelievers, promise one another nothing but delusion, falsehood, when they say that the idols will intercede for them.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٠

قُلْ أَرَأَيْتُمْ شُرَكَاءَكُمُ الَّذِينَ تَدْعُونَ مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ أَرُونِي مَاذَا خَلَقُوا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ أَمْ لَهُمْ شِرْكٌ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ أَمْ آتَيْنَاهُمْ كِتَابًا فَهُمْ عَلَىٰ بَيِّنَتٍ مِنْهُ ۚ بَلْ إِنْ يَعِدُ الظَّالِمُونَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا إِلَّا غُرُورًا  

{قل أرأيتم شركاءكم الذين تدعون} تعبدون {من دون الله} أي غيره، وهم الأصنام الذين زعمتم أنهم شركاء الله تعالى {أروني} أخبروني {ماذا خلقوا من الأرض أم لهم شرك} شركة مع الله {في} خلق {السماوات} {أم آتيناهم كتابا فهم على بينة} حجة {منه} بأن لهم معه شركة {بل إن} ما {يعد الظالمون} الكافرون {بعضهم بعضا إلا غرورا} باطلا بقولهم الأصنام تشفع لهم.
quran:35:41

Indeed, Allah holds the heavens and the earth, lest they cease. And if they should cease, no one could hold them ˹in place˺ after Him. Indeed, He is Forbearing and Forgiving.  

Truly God sustains the heavens and the earth lest they disappear, in other words, He prevents them from disappearing. And if (wa-la-in: the lām is for oaths) they were to disappear there is none that can sustain them after Him, in other words, other than Him. Truly He is ever Forbearing, Forgiving, in deferring the punishment of the disbelievers.
القرآن:٣٥:٤١

إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُمْسِكُ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ أَنْ تَزُولَا ۚ وَلَئِنْ زَالَتَا إِنْ أَمْسَكَهُمَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ حَلِيمًا غَفُورًا  

{إن الله يمسك السماوات والأرض أن تزولا} أي يمنعهما من الزوال {ولئن} لام قسم {زالتا إن} ما {أمسكهما} يمسكهما {من أحد من بعده} أي سواه {إنه كان حليما غفورا} في تأخير عقاب الكفار.
quran:35:42

And they swore by Allah their strongest oaths that if a warner came to them, they would be more guided than ˹any˺ one of the ˹previous˺ nations. But when a warner came to them, it did not increase them except in aversion.  

And they, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, swore by God their most solemn oaths, ˹they swore˺ with utmost effort ˹to be sincere˺ in them, that if a warner, a messenger, were to come to them, they would be more readily guided than any one of the communities, ˹than˺ the Jews, the Christians or others, in other words, ˹more readily guided˺ than any one of these — having ˹themselves˺ seen the extent to which these ˹groups˺ called each other liars, given that: The Jews say, ‘The Christians stand on nothing’, and the Christians say, ‘The Jews stand on nothing’, ˹Q. 2:113˺. But when a warner, namely, Muhammad (s), did come to them, this, coming of his, only increased them in aversion, further away from ˹right˺ guidance,
القرآن:٣٥:٤٢

وَأَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ لَئِنْ جَاءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ لَيَكُونُنَّ أَهْدَىٰ مِنْ إِحْدَى الْأُمَمِ ۖ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ مَا زَادَهُمْ إِلَّا نُفُورًا  

{وأقسموا} أي كفار مكة {بالله جهد أيمانهم} غاية اجتهادهم فيها {لئن جاءهم نذير} رسول {ليكوننَّ أهدى من إحدى الأمم} اليهود والنصارى وغيرهم، أي أيَّ واحدة منها لما رأوا من تكذيب بعضهم بعضا، إذ قالت اليهود: ليست النصارى على شيء، {فلما جاءهم نذير} محمد ﷺ {ما زادهم} مجيئه {إلا نفورا} تباعدا عن الهدى.
quran:35:43

˹Due to˺ arrogance in the land and plotting of evil; but the evil plot does not encompass except its own people. Then do they await except the way of the former peoples? But you will never find in the way of Allah any change, and you will never find in the way of Allah any alteration.  

acting with disdain in the land, against faith (istikbāran fī’l-ardi, an object denoting reason) and devising, acts of, evil, in the way of idolatry and otherwise; and evil schemes will beset, surround, only their authors, namely, the one who devises ˹such evil˺ (the qualifying of makr, ‘scheme’, with the noun al-sayyi’, ‘evil’, is intrinsic ˹to the fact that it is a scheme˺, and so the annexation of the former to the latter is said to be alternative usage in which the annexed term is implied, as a precaution against annexing a noun to an adjective). So do they expect, do they await, anything but the precedent of the ancients?, God’s way ˹of dealing˺ with them, such as chastising them for their denial of the messengers? Yet you will never find any change in God’s precedent, and you will never find any revision in God’s precedent, that is to say, chastisement is never replaced by anything else, nor is it ever meted out other than to the one who deserves it.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٣

اسْتِكْبَارًا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَكْرَ السَّيِّئِ ۚ وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ ۚ فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا سُنَّتَ الْأَوَّلِينَ ۚ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا ۖ وَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلًا  

{استكبارا في الأرض} عن الإيمان مفعول له {ومكر} العمل {السيء} من الشرك وغيره {ولا يحيق} يحيط {المكر السيء إلا بأهله} وهو الماكر، ووصف المكر بالسيء أصل، وإضافته إليه قيل استعمال آخر قدر فيه مضاف حذرا من الإضافة إلى الصفة {فهل ينظرون} ينتظرون {إلا سُنَّةَّ الأولين} سنة الله فيهم من تعذيبهم بتكذيبهم رسلهم {فلن تجد لسنَّةِ الله تبديلا ولن تجد لسنَّةِ الله تحويلا} أي لا يبدل بالعذاب غيره ولا يحول إلى غير مستحقه.
quran:35:44

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those before them? And they were greater than them in power. But Allah is not to be caused failure by anything in the heavens or on the earth. Indeed, He is ever Knowing and Competent.  

Have they not travelled in the land and seen the nature of the consequence for those who were before them — and they were mightier than these in power?, but ˹still˺ God destroyed them for their denial of the messengers. And God is not such that anything in the heavens or in the earth can escape Him, pre-empt Him or elude Him. Truly He is ever Knower, of all things, Omnipotent.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٤

أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَكَانُوا أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً ۚ وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعْجِزَهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَلِيمًا قَدِيرًا  

{أوْ لم يسيروا في الأرض فينظروا كيف كان عاقبة الذين من قبلهم وكانوا أشد منهم قوة} فأهلكهم الله بتكذيبهم رسلهم {وما كان الله ليعجزه من شيء} يسبقه ويفوته {في السماوات ولا في الأرض إنه كان عليما} أي بالأشياء كلها {قديرا} عليها.
quran:35:45

And if Allah were to impose blame on the people for what they have earned, He would not leave upon the earth any creature. But He defers them for a specified term. And when their time comes, then indeed Allah has ever been, of His servants, Seeing.  

Were God to take mankind to task for what they have acquired, of acts of disobedience, He would not leave on its surface, that is, the earth’s, a single creature, a single living thing moving thereon. But He reprieves them to an appointed term, namely, ˹to˺ the Day of Resurrection. And when their term comes — then truly ˹they will know that˺ God is ever Seer of His servants, and so He will requite them according to ˹the nature of˺ their deeds, rewarding the believers and punishing the disbelievers. Meccan, except for verse 45, which is Medinese; it consists of 83 verses, revealed after ˹sūrat˺ al-Jinn.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٥

وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُوا مَا تَرَكَ عَلَىٰ ظَهْرِهَا مِنْ دَابَّةٍ وَلَٰكِنْ يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِ بَصِيرًا  

{ولو يؤاخذ الله الناس بما كسبوا} من المعاصي {ما ترك على ظهرها} أي الأرض {من دابة} نسمة تدبّ عليها {ولكن يؤخرهم إلى أجل مسمى} أي يوم القيامة {فإذا جاء أجلهم فإن الله كان بعباده بصيرا} فيجازيهم على أعمالهم، بإثابة المؤمنين وعقاب الكافرين.