35. Sūrat Fāṭir

٣٥۔ سُورَةُ فَاطِر

35.9 Plotting evil recoils none but the author of it. If God was to punish people for their wrong doings, He would have not left even an animal around.

٣٥۔٩ مقطع في سُورَةُ فَاطِر

quran:35:42

And they swore by Allah their strongest oaths that if a warner came to them, they would be more guided than ˹any˺ one of the ˹previous˺ nations. But when a warner came to them, it did not increase them except in aversion.  

And they, that is, the disbelievers of Mecca, swore by God their most solemn oaths, ˹they swore˺ with utmost effort ˹to be sincere˺ in them, that if a warner, a messenger, were to come to them, they would be more readily guided than any one of the communities, ˹than˺ the Jews, the Christians or others, in other words, ˹more readily guided˺ than any one of these — having ˹themselves˺ seen the extent to which these ˹groups˺ called each other liars, given that: The Jews say, ‘The Christians stand on nothing’, and the Christians say, ‘The Jews stand on nothing’, ˹Q. 2:113˺. But when a warner, namely, Muhammad (s), did come to them, this, coming of his, only increased them in aversion, further away from ˹right˺ guidance,
القرآن:٣٥:٤٢

وَأَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ لَئِنْ جَاءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ لَيَكُونُنَّ أَهْدَىٰ مِنْ إِحْدَى الْأُمَمِ ۖ فَلَمَّا جَاءَهُمْ نَذِيرٌ مَا زَادَهُمْ إِلَّا نُفُورًا  

{وأقسموا} أي كفار مكة {بالله جهد أيمانهم} غاية اجتهادهم فيها {لئن جاءهم نذير} رسول {ليكوننَّ أهدى من إحدى الأمم} اليهود والنصارى وغيرهم، أي أيَّ واحدة منها لما رأوا من تكذيب بعضهم بعضا، إذ قالت اليهود: ليست النصارى على شيء، {فلما جاءهم نذير} محمد ﷺ {ما زادهم} مجيئه {إلا نفورا} تباعدا عن الهدى.
quran:35:43

˹Due to˺ arrogance in the land and plotting of evil; but the evil plot does not encompass except its own people. Then do they await except the way of the former peoples? But you will never find in the way of Allah any change, and you will never find in the way of Allah any alteration.  

acting with disdain in the land, against faith (istikbāran fī’l-ardi, an object denoting reason) and devising, acts of, evil, in the way of idolatry and otherwise; and evil schemes will beset, surround, only their authors, namely, the one who devises ˹such evil˺ (the qualifying of makr, ‘scheme’, with the noun al-sayyi’, ‘evil’, is intrinsic ˹to the fact that it is a scheme˺, and so the annexation of the former to the latter is said to be alternative usage in which the annexed term is implied, as a precaution against annexing a noun to an adjective). So do they expect, do they await, anything but the precedent of the ancients?, God’s way ˹of dealing˺ with them, such as chastising them for their denial of the messengers? Yet you will never find any change in God’s precedent, and you will never find any revision in God’s precedent, that is to say, chastisement is never replaced by anything else, nor is it ever meted out other than to the one who deserves it.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٣

اسْتِكْبَارًا فِي الْأَرْضِ وَمَكْرَ السَّيِّئِ ۚ وَلَا يَحِيقُ الْمَكْرُ السَّيِّئُ إِلَّا بِأَهْلِهِ ۚ فَهَلْ يَنْظُرُونَ إِلَّا سُنَّتَ الْأَوَّلِينَ ۚ فَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَبْدِيلًا ۖ وَلَنْ تَجِدَ لِسُنَّتِ اللَّهِ تَحْوِيلًا  

{استكبارا في الأرض} عن الإيمان مفعول له {ومكر} العمل {السيء} من الشرك وغيره {ولا يحيق} يحيط {المكر السيء إلا بأهله} وهو الماكر، ووصف المكر بالسيء أصل، وإضافته إليه قيل استعمال آخر قدر فيه مضاف حذرا من الإضافة إلى الصفة {فهل ينظرون} ينتظرون {إلا سُنَّةَّ الأولين} سنة الله فيهم من تعذيبهم بتكذيبهم رسلهم {فلن تجد لسنَّةِ الله تبديلا ولن تجد لسنَّةِ الله تحويلا} أي لا يبدل بالعذاب غيره ولا يحول إلى غير مستحقه.
quran:35:44

Have they not traveled through the land and observed how was the end of those before them? And they were greater than them in power. But Allah is not to be caused failure by anything in the heavens or on the earth. Indeed, He is ever Knowing and Competent.  

Have they not travelled in the land and seen the nature of the consequence for those who were before them — and they were mightier than these in power?, but ˹still˺ God destroyed them for their denial of the messengers. And God is not such that anything in the heavens or in the earth can escape Him, pre-empt Him or elude Him. Truly He is ever Knower, of all things, Omnipotent.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٤

أَوَلَمْ يَسِيرُوا فِي الْأَرْضِ فَيَنْظُرُوا كَيْفَ كَانَ عَاقِبَةُ الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ وَكَانُوا أَشَدَّ مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً ۚ وَمَا كَانَ اللَّهُ لِيُعْجِزَهُ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي السَّمَاوَاتِ وَلَا فِي الْأَرْضِ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ عَلِيمًا قَدِيرًا  

{أوْ لم يسيروا في الأرض فينظروا كيف كان عاقبة الذين من قبلهم وكانوا أشد منهم قوة} فأهلكهم الله بتكذيبهم رسلهم {وما كان الله ليعجزه من شيء} يسبقه ويفوته {في السماوات ولا في الأرض إنه كان عليما} أي بالأشياء كلها {قديرا} عليها.
quran:35:45

And if Allah were to impose blame on the people for what they have earned, He would not leave upon the earth any creature. But He defers them for a specified term. And when their time comes, then indeed Allah has ever been, of His servants, Seeing.  

Were God to take mankind to task for what they have acquired, of acts of disobedience, He would not leave on its surface, that is, the earth’s, a single creature, a single living thing moving thereon. But He reprieves them to an appointed term, namely, ˹to˺ the Day of Resurrection. And when their term comes — then truly ˹they will know that˺ God is ever Seer of His servants, and so He will requite them according to ˹the nature of˺ their deeds, rewarding the believers and punishing the disbelievers. Meccan, except for verse 45, which is Medinese; it consists of 83 verses, revealed after ˹sūrat˺ al-Jinn.
القرآن:٣٥:٤٥

وَلَوْ يُؤَاخِذُ اللَّهُ النَّاسَ بِمَا كَسَبُوا مَا تَرَكَ عَلَىٰ ظَهْرِهَا مِنْ دَابَّةٍ وَلَٰكِنْ يُؤَخِّرُهُمْ إِلَىٰ أَجَلٍ مُسَمًّى ۖ فَإِذَا جَاءَ أَجَلُهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِعِبَادِهِ بَصِيرًا  

{ولو يؤاخذ الله الناس بما كسبوا} من المعاصي {ما ترك على ظهرها} أي الأرض {من دابة} نسمة تدبّ عليها {ولكن يؤخرهم إلى أجل مسمى} أي يوم القيامة {فإذا جاء أجلهم فإن الله كان بعباده بصيرا} فيجازيهم على أعمالهم، بإثابة المؤمنين وعقاب الكافرين.