36. Sūrat Yā Sīn

٣٦۔ سُورَةُ يس

Qurʾān > Chapter 36 > Section 1
القرآن > كتاب ٣٦ > باب ١

36.1 The Quran is revealed by God to warn people. The Prophet is told that he could warn only those people who have the fear of God.

٣٦۔١ مقطع في سُورَةُ يس

quran:36:1 – In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.

Ya, Seen.  

Yā sīn: God knows best what He means by these ˹letters˺.
القرآن:٣٦:١ – بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

يس  

{يس} الله أعلم بمراده به.
quran:36:2 –

By the wise Qur'an.  

By the Definitive Qur’ān, made definitive by its marvellous arrangement and unique meanings,
القرآن:٣٦:٢ –

وَالْقُرْآنِ الْحَكِيمِ  

{والقرآن الحكيم} المحكم بعجيب النظم، وبديع المعاني.
quran:36:3 –

Indeed you, ˹O Muhammad˺, are from among the messengers,  

you, O Muhammad (s), are indeed of those sent ˹by God˺,
القرآن:٣٦:٣ –

إِنَّكَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ  

{إنك} يا محمد {لمن المرسلين}.
quran:36:4 –

On a straight path.  

on a (‘alā is semantically connected to the preceding ˹statement˺) straight path, that is, ˹you follow˺ the way of the prophets before you, ˹enjoining˺ the affirmation of God’s Oneness and guidance (the emphasis expressed by the oath ˹in ‘by the definitive Qur’ān’˺ and the remainder ˹of the statement˺ is a response to the disbelievers’ saying to him, ‘You have not been sent ˹by God˺!’ ˹Q. 13:43˺.
القرآن:٣٦:٤ –

عَلَىٰ صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ  

(على) متعلق بما قبله (صراط مستقيم) أي طريق الأنبياء قبلك التوحيد والهدى، والتأكيد بالقسم وغيره رد لقول الكفار له "لست مرسلا".
quran:36:5 –

˹This is˺ a revelation of the Exalted in Might, the Merciful,  

A revelation from the Mighty, in His kingdom, the Merciful, to His creatures (tanzīla’l-‘azīzi’l-rahīm is the predicate of an implicit subject, namely, al-qur’ān),
القرآن:٣٦:٥ –

تَنْزِيلَ الْعَزِيزِ الرَّحِيمِ  

{تنزيل العزيز} في ملكه {الرحيم} بخلقه خبر مبتدأ مقدر، أي القرآن.
quran:36:6 –

That you may warn a people whose forefathers were not warned, so they are unaware.  

that you may warn, therewith, a people (qawman, connected to tanzīla, ‘a revelation’) whose fathers were not warned, in the period of the interval (al-fatra), so they, this people, are oblivious, to faith and right guidance.
القرآن:٣٦:٦ –

لِتُنْذِرَ قَوْمًا مَا أُنْذِرَ آبَاؤُهُمْ فَهُمْ غَافِلُونَ  

{لتنذرَ} به {قوما} متعلق بتنزيل {ما أنذر آباؤهم} أي لم ينذروا في زمن الفترة {فهم} أي القوم {غافلون} عن الإيمان والرشد.
quran:36:7 –

Already the word has come into effect upon most of them, so they do not believe.  

The word, for chastisement, has already proved true, it has become due, for most of them, for they, in other words, most of them, will not believe.
القرآن:٣٦:٧ –

لَقَدْ حَقَّ الْقَوْلُ عَلَىٰ أَكْثَرِهِمْ فَهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{لقد حق القول} وجب {على أكثرهم} بالعذاب {فهم لا يؤمنون} أي الأكثر.
quran:36:8 –

Indeed, We have put shackles on their necks, and they are to their chins, so they are with heads ˹kept˺ aloft.  

Indeed We have put fetters around their necks, to bind to them their hands (because ghull ˹is a fetter that˺ shackles the hands to the neck), such that they, the hands, are, bound, up to the chins (adhqān is the plural of dhaqan, which is where the two sides of the beard meet) so that their heads are upturned, they are unable to lower them: this ˹statement˺ is figurative and is meant to indicate their inability to yield to faith or to lower their heads to it.
القرآن:٣٦:٨ –

إِنَّا جَعَلْنَا فِي أَعْنَاقِهِمْ أَغْلَالًا فَهِيَ إِلَى الْأَذْقَانِ فَهُمْ مُقْمَحُونَ  

{إنا جعلنا في أعناقهم أغلالا} بأن تضم اليها الأيدي لأن الغل يجمع اليد إلى العنق {فهي} أي الأيدي مجموعة {إلى الأذقان} جمع ذقن، وهي مجتمع اللحيين {فهم مقمحون} رافعون رؤوسهم لا يستطيعون خفضها، وهذا تمثيل، والمراد أنهم لا يذعنون للإيمان ولا يخفضون رؤوسهم له.
quran:36:9 –

And We have put before them a barrier and behind them a barrier and covered them, so they do not see.  

And We have set before them a barrier (read saddan or suddan in both instances) and behind them a barrier; so We have covered them, so they do not see — this is also figurative, depicting the way in which the paths of faith are closed to them.
القرآن:٣٦:٩ –

وَجَعَلْنَا مِنْ بَيْنِ أَيْدِيهِمْ سَدًّا وَمِنْ خَلْفِهِمْ سَدًّا فَأَغْشَيْنَاهُمْ فَهُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ  

{وجعلنا من بين أيديهم سدا ومن خلفهم سدا} بفتح السين وضمها في الموضعين {فأغشيناهم فهم لا يبصرون} تمثيل أيضا لسدّ طرق الإيمان عليهم.
quran:36:10 –

And it is all the same for them whether you warn them or do not warn them - they will not believe.  

And it is the same to them whether you warn them (read a-andhartuhum, pronouncing both hamzas; or by substituting an alif for the second one; or by not pronouncing the second one but inserting an alif between the one not pronounced and the other one, or without ˹the insertion˺) or do not warn them, they will not believe.
القرآن:٣٦:١٠ –

وَسَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَأَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنْذِرْهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ  

{وسواء عليهم أأنذرتهم} بتحقيق الهمزتين وإبدال الثانية ألفا وتسهيلها وإدخال ألف بين المسهلة والأخرى وتركه {أم لم تنذرهم لا يؤمنون}.
quran:36:11 –

You can only warn one who follows the message and fears the Most Merciful unseen. So give him good tidings of forgiveness and noble reward.  

You can only warn, in other words, your warning will only benefit, him who follows the Remembrance, the Qur’ān, and fears the Compassionate One in secret, who fears Him despite not having seen Him; so give him the good tidings of forgiveness and a noble reward, namely, Paradise.
القرآن:٣٦:١١ –

إِنَّمَا تُنْذِرُ مَنِ اتَّبَعَ الذِّكْرَ وَخَشِيَ الرَّحْمَٰنَ بِالْغَيْبِ ۖ فَبَشِّرْهُ بِمَغْفِرَةٍ وَأَجْرٍ كَرِيمٍ  

{إنما تنذر} ينفع إنذارك {من أتَّبع الذكر} القرآن {وخشي الرحمن بالغيب} خافه ولم يره {فبشّره بمغفرة وأجر كريم} هو الجنة.
quran:36:12 –

Indeed, it is We who bring the dead to life and record what they have put forth and what they left behind, and all things We have enumerated in a clear register.  

Truly it is We Who bring the dead to life, for the resurrection, and record, in the Preserved Tablet, what they have sent ahead, during their lives, of good or evil, that they may be requited for it, and their vestiges, what conduct was followed after them as good practice. And everything (kulla shay’in is in the accusative because of the verb that governs it ˹and is the following˺) We have numbered, We have recorded precisely, in a clear register, a clear Book, namely, the Preserved Tablet.
القرآن:٣٦:١٢ –

إِنَّا نَحْنُ نُحْيِي الْمَوْتَىٰ وَنَكْتُبُ مَا قَدَّمُوا وَآثَارَهُمْ ۚ وَكُلَّ شَيْءٍ أَحْصَيْنَاهُ فِي إِمَامٍ مُبِينٍ  

{إنا نحن نحي الموتى} للبعث {ونكتب} في اللوح المحفوظ {ما قدَّموا} في حياتهم من خير وشر ليجازوا عليه {وآثارهم} ما استنَّ به بعدهم {وكل شيء} نصبه بفعل يفسره {أحصيناه} ضبطناه {في إمام مبين} كتاب بيّن، هو اللوح المحفوظ.