[Machine] Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, his name is Abdullah bin Uthman bin Amer bin Amr bin Kaab bin Saad bin Taim bin Murrah. He witnessed the Battle of Badr with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . The mother of Abu Bakr, the mother of goodness, Salma bint Sakhr bin Amer bin Amr bin Kaab bin Saad bin Taim bin Murrah bin Kaab bin Luay bin Ghalib bin Fehr bin Malik. The mother of the mother of goodness, Dilaaf, she is Ummamah bint Ubaid bin An-Naqid Al-Khuzaiyyi. The grandmother of Abu Bakr, Umm Abu Quhafa, Aminah bint Abdul Uzza bin Huthan bin Awf bin Ubaid bin Uwaid bin Adi bin Kaab.  

أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ اسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأُمُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ أُمُّ الْخَيْرِ سَلْمَى بِنْتُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ وَأُمُّ أُمِّ الْخَيْرِ دِلَافُ وَهِي أُمَيْمَةُ بِنْتُ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ النَّاقِدِ الْخُزَاعِيِّ وَجَدَّةُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ أُمُّ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ أَمِينَةُ بِنْتُ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ حُرْثَانَ بْنِ عَوْفِ بْنِ عُبَيْدِ بْنِ عُوَيْجِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ  

[Machine] The mother of Abu Bakr is called Umm Al-Khair bint Sakhrah bin 'Amir. Abu Bakr's father passed away, and his parents both left him as an inheritance. They had both embraced Islam. Umm Abu Bakr passed away before her husband.  

أُمُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ يُقَالُ لَهَا أُمُّ الْخَيْرِ بِنْتُ صَخْرِ بْنِ عَامِرٍ وَهَلَكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَوَرِثَهُ أَبَوَاهُ جَمِيعًا وَكَانَا قَدْ أَسْلَمَا وَمَاتَتْ أُمُّ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَبْلَ أَبِيهِ  

[Machine] It is said that Atiq ibn Uthman was named Atiq due to the beauty of his face.  

وَيُقَالُ عَتِيقُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ وَإِنَّما سُمِّيَ عَتِيقًا لِحُسْنِ وَجْهِهِ  

[Machine] Abu Bakr was named "Atiq" due to the beauty of his face, and his full name is Abdullah ibn Uthman.  

«إِنَّمَا سُمِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَتِيقًا لَجَمَالِ وَجْهِهِ وَاسْمُهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ»  

[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ named him 'Ateeq' from the fire."  

«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَمَّاهُ عَتِيقًا مِنَ النَّارِ»  

[Machine] "Abdullah," I said, "they say he is old." She replied, "Abu Quhafa had three sons and named one 'Atiq', one 'Muaytiq', and one 'Mutaq'."  

«عَبْدُ اللهِ» فَقُلْتُ إِنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ عَتِيقٌ فَقَالَتْ «إِنَّ أَبَا قُحَافَةَ كَانَ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةٌ فَسَمَّى وَاحِدًا عَتِيقًا وَمُعَيْتِقًا وَمُعْتَقًا»  

[Machine] The name of Abu Bakr was Abdullah bin Uthman. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him 'Atiq from the Hellfire.  

كَانَ اسْمُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ «فَسَمَّاهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَتِيقًا مِنَ النَّارِ»  

[Machine] I heard Abdullah bin Zubair saying, "The name of my father was Abdullah bin Uthman."  

سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ الزُّبَيْرِ يَقُولُ كَانَ اسْمُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عُثْمَانَ  

[Machine] I entered upon Aisha, the mother of the believers, and she said, "Indeed, Abu Bakr entered upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said to him, 'You are saved from the Fire.' Since that day, he was called 'Atiq'."  

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ أُمِّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؓ فَقَالَتْ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ دَخَلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ «أَنْتَ عَتِيقٌ مِنَ النَّارِ» فَمِنْ يَوْمَئِذٍ سُمِّيَ عَتِيقًا  

[Machine] "That Abu Bakr passed by the Prophet ﷺ and said, 'Whoever wants to see a person freed from Hellfire, should look at this (referring to himself).'" She said, and his name given by his family is Abdullah ibn Uthman."  

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ مَرَّ بِالنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَنْ أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى عَتِيقٍ مِنَ النَّارِ فَلْيَنْظُرْ إِلَى هَذَا» قَالَتْ وَاسْمُهُ الَّذِي سَمَّاهُ أَهْلُهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ ؓ  

[Machine] We only know four people who met the Prophet ﷺ and their children: these four are Abu Quhafa, Abu Bakr, Abdur Rahman ibn Abu Bakr, and Abu Atiq ibn Abdur Rahman. The name of Abu Atiq's father is Muhammad.  

لَا نَعْلَمُ أَرْبَعَةً أَدْرَكُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَأَبْنَاؤُهُمْ إِلَّا هَؤُلَاءِ الْأَرْبَعَةَ أَبُو قُحَافَةَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَأَبُو عَتِيقِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَاسْمُ أَبِي عَتِيقٍ مُحَمَّدٌ ؓ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , say, "After me there will be twelve caliphs. Abu Bakr As-Siddiq will not live long after me, only for a short time. Rahha Darra's associate will live a praiseworthy life and die as a martyr." It was asked, "Who is that, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "Umar ibn Al-Khattab." Then he turned to Uthman and said, "And you, people will ask you to remove a shirt that Allah has covered you with. By the One in whose hand is my soul, if you remove it, you will not enter Paradise until a camel enters through the eye of a needle."  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ يَكُونُ بَعْدِي اثْنَا عَشَرَ خَلِيفَةً أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ لَا يَلْبَثُ بَعْدِي إِلَّا قَلِيلًا وَصَاحِبُ رَحًى دَارَّةٍ يَعِيشُ حَمِيدًا وَيَمُوتُ شَهِيدًا قِيلَ مَنْ هُوَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ «عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ» ؓ ثُمَّ الْتَفَتَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ فَقَالَ «وَأَنْتَ سَيَسْأَلُكَ النَّاسُ أَنْ تَخْلَعَ قَمِيصًا كَسَاكَ اللهُ ﷻ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَئِنْ خَلَعْتَهُ لَا تَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى يَلِجَ الْجَمَلُ فِي سَمِّ الْخِيَاطِ»  

[Machine] From the ship of Mawla (servant) of the Prophet ﷺ , from the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "The caliphate will last for thirty years, then it will become a kingdom." He said, "Hold on to two (caliphs) Abu Bakr and ten (caliphs) Umar, and twelve (caliphs) Uthman, and six (caliphs) Ali."  

عَنْ سَفِينَةَ مَوْلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «الْخِلَافَةُ ثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً ثُمَّ يَكُونُ مُلْكًا» قَالَ «أمْسَكَ ثِنْتَيْنِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعَشْرًا عُمَرُ وَاثْنَتَيْ عَشْرَةَ عُثْمَانُ وَسِتًّا عَلِيٌّ ؓ»  

[Machine] I heard Ali swearing by Allah that Siddiq (Abu Bakr) descended the name from the sky.  

سَمِعْتُ عَلِيًّا ؓ يَحْلِفُ لَلَّهُ أَنْزَلَ اسْمَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ الصِّدِّيقُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said when he was taken on the Night Journey, "I want to go out to the Quraysh and inform them." So he informed them, but they rejected him and Abu Bakr confirmed him (believed him), so he was called "As-Siddiq" that day.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ لَمَّا أُسْرِيَ بِهِ «أَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَخْرُجَ إِلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَأُخْبِرَهُمْ» فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ فَكَذِّبُوهُ وَصَدَّقَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَسُمِّي يَوْمَئِذٍ الصِّدِّيقُ  

[Machine] Three people from Quraysh stood out among Quraysh, both in terms of their appearance and their good manners, and they were known for their modesty. If they tell you something, they do not lie to you, and if you tell them something, they do not accuse you of lying. They are Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq, Abu Ubaydah ibn Al-Jarrah, and Uthman ibn Affan.  

ثَلَاثَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أَصْبَحُ قُرَيْشٍ وُجُوهًا وَأَحْسَنُهَا أَخْلَاقًا وَأثْبَتُها حَيَاءً إِنْ حَدَّثُوكَ لَمْ يَكْذِبُوكَ وَإِنْ حَدَّثْتَهُمْ لَمْ يُكَذِّبُوكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ ؓ  

[Machine] That Abu Bakr dyed his hair with henna and katam.  

«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ خَضَبَ بِالْحِنَّاءِ وَالْكَتَمِ»  

[Machine] "That Abu Bakr dyed his beard with henna and katam, and that Umar dyed his beard with henna alone."  

«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ خَضَبَ لِحْيَتَهُ بِالْحِنَّاءِ وَالْكَتَمِ وَأَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ خَضَبَ بِالْحِنَّاءِ فَرْدًا»  

[Machine] "That Abu Bakr used to dye his hair with henna and katam, and that Umar used to dye his hair with henna."  

«أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ كَانَ يَخْضِبُ بِالْحِنَّاءِ وَالْكَتَمِ وَأَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَانَ يَخْضِبُ بِالْحِنَّاءِ»  

[Machine] She saw a man passing by while she was in her chamber, and she said, "I have never seen a man who resembles Abu Bakr more than this one." It was then said to her, "Describe Abu Bakr for us." So she said, "He was a white, slender man with slender calves. His legs were not muscular, but rather looked weak. He had a hollow face, sunken eyes, a protruding forehead, and sparse eyelashes. This is his description."  

أَنَّهَا رَأَتْ رَجُلًا مَارًّا وَهِي فِي هَوْدَجِهَا فَقَالَتْ «مَا رَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا أَشْبَهَ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ هَذَا» فَقِيلَ لَهَا صِفِي لَنَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَقَالَتْ «كَانَ رَجُلًا أَبْيَضَ نَحِيفًا خَفِيفَ الْعَارِضَيْنِ أحْنَا لَا تَسْتَمْسِكُ إِزْرَتُهُ تَسْتَرْخِي عَنْ حَقْوَيْهِ مَعْرُوقَ الْوَجْهِ غَائِرَ الْعَيْنَيْنِ نَاتِئَ الْجَبْهَةِ عَارِيَ الْأشَاجِعِ هَذِهِ صِفَتُهُ»  

[Machine] "I saw Abu Bakr As-Siddiq, the Caliph of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , with a reddish beard that covered his chin."  

«رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ وَهُوَ خَلِيفَةُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أَحْمَرَ اللِّحْيَةِ قَانِيَهَا»  

[Machine] Abu Bakr used to dye his hair with henna.  

«كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ يَخْضِبُ بِالْحِنَّاءِ»  

[Machine] "I saw Abu Bakr in the battle of Dhat As-Salasil, and it seemed as if his beard was blazing like the flames of a furnace, riding on a white and swift camel."  

«رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ وَكَأَنَّ لِحْيَتَهُ لَهَبُ الْعَرْفَجِ عَلَى نَاقَةٍ لَهُ أَدَمًا أَبْيَضَ خَفِيفًا»  

[Machine] "Muawiyah said, 'I entered with my father into the presence of Abu Bakr and I saw Asma standing near him with a white turban on his head. I also saw Abu Bakr, he was pale and thin. Then, they carried me and my father on two horses, and we were presented before him, and he granted us permission.'"  

مُعَاوِيَةُ ؓ «دَخَلْتُ مَعَ أَبِي عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَرَأَيْتُ أَسْمَاءَ قَائِمَةً عَلَى رَأْسِهِ بَيْضَاءَ وَرَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ أَبْيَضَ نَحِيفًا فَحَمَلَنِي وَأَبِي عَلَى فَرَسَيْنِ ثُمَّ عُرِضْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَأَجَازَنَا»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ died at the age of sixty-three.  

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَاتَ عَلَى رَأْسِ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ»  

[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ died at the age of sixty-three."  

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَاتَ عَلَى رَأْسِ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ»  

"The Prophet ﷺ died when he was sixty-five years old." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3651)   

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ تُوُفِّيَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ»  

[Machine] "The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ and Abu Bakr were born in my presence. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was older than Abu Bakr. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ passed away at the age of 63, while Abu Bakr passed away at the age of 63 and a half, two and a half years after the death of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ."  

«تَذَاكَرَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ مِيلَادَهُمَا عِنْدِي فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَكْبَرَ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَتُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ وَتُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ لِسَنَتَيْنِ وَنِصْفِ الَّتِي عَاشَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ»  

[Machine] "I was with Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan, and I heard him say, 'The Prophet ﷺ passed away at the age of sixty-three, Abu Bakr passed away at the age of sixty-three, and Umar passed away at the age of sixty.' Abu Ishaq said, 'And this makes a total of fifty-seven years, then he lived for around twenty more years.'"  

كُنْتُ مَعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ ؓ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ «قُبِضَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً وَقُبِضَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ وَقُبِضَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ» قَالَ أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ وَقَالَ مُعَاوِيَةُ ؓ «وَهَذِهِ لِي سَبْعٌ وَخَمْسُونَ ثُمَّ عَاشَ نَحْوًا مِنْ عِشْرِينَ سَنَةً»  

[Machine] "Abu Bakr died when he was sixty-three years old."  

«مَاتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ»  

[Machine] "Abu Bakr was taken while he was sixty-three years old."  

«قُبِضَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ»  

[Machine] "Abu Bakr died when he was sixty-three years old."  

«تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ»  

[Machine] Abu Bakr passed away at the age of sixty-three. He was succeeded by Abu Bakr for two years and was buried at night, and Umar prayed over him.  

«تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً وَوَلِيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ سَنَتَيْنِ وَدُفِنَ لَيْلًا وَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ عُمَرُ ؓ»  

[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ passed away at the age of sixty-five, and Abu Bakr took his place."  

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَاتَ وَهُوَ ابْنُ خَمْسٍ وَسِتِّينَ سَنَةً وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ»  

[Machine] When Abu Bakr intended to appoint Umar as his successor, he sent for him and asked him to come. When Umar arrived, Abu Bakr said to him, "I invite you to a challenging task, for the one who is in charge of it. Fear Allah, O Umar, in His obedience and obey Him with piety. Indeed, the one who is God-fearing is safe and protected. Then, know that this matter, only those who act upon it can attain it. So, whoever commands what is right and acts upon falsehood, and commands what is good and acts upon evil, his hopes will soon be cut off and his deeds will be in vain. If you become their leader, if you are able to withhold your hand from shedding their blood, and withhold your stomach from consuming their wealth, and withhold your tongue from violating their honor, then do so, for there is no power except with Allah."  

لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ أَنَّ يَسْتَخْلِفَ عُمَرَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ فَدَعَاهُ فَأَتَاهُ فَقَالَ «إِنِّي أَدْعُوكَ إِلَى أَمْرٍ مُتْعِبٍ لِمَنْ وَلِيَهُ فَاتَّقِ اللهَ يَا عُمَرُ بِطَاعَتِهِ وَأَطِعْهُ بِتَقْوَاهُ فَإِنَّ الْمُتَّقِيَ آمِنٌ مَحْفُوظٌ ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْأَمْرَ مَعْرُوضٌ لَا يَسْتَوْجِبُهُ إِلَّا مَنْ عَمِلَ بِهِ فَمَنْ أَمَرَ بِالْحَقِّ وَعَمِلَ بِالْبَاطِلِ وَأَمَرَ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَعَمِلَ بِالْمُنْكِرِ يُوشِكُ أَنَّ تَنْقَطِعَ أُمْنِيَّتُهُ وَأَنْ يَحْبَطَ عَمَلُهُ فَإِنْ أَنْتَ وُلِّيتَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَمْرَهُمْ فَإِنِ اسْتَطَعْتَ أَنْ تَجِفَّ يَدُكَ مِنْ دِمَائِهِمْ وَأَنْ تَضْمُرَ بَطْنُكَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَنْ يَجِفَّ لِسَانُكَ عَنْ أَعْرَاضِهِمْ فَافْعَلْ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ»  

[Machine] When Abu Bakr was on his deathbed, he said, "Oh Aisha, look at the container from which we used to drink its milk, and the slaughter tool from which we used to slaughter animals, and the garment that we used to wear. We used to benefit from these things when we were in the service of the Muslims. So when I die, return them to Umar." When Abu Bakr passed away, I sent them to Umar, and Umar said, "May Allah be pleased with you, Abu Bakr. You have really exhausted those who came after you."  

لَمَّا احْتُضِرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ قَالَ «يَا عَائِشَةُ انْظُرِي اللِّقْحَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا نَشْرَبُ مِنْ لَبَنِهَا وَالْجِفْنَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا نَصْطَبِحُ فِيهَا وَالْقَطِيفَةَ الَّتِي كُنَّا نَلْبَسُهَا فَإِنَّا كُنَّا نَنْتَفِعُ بِذَلِكَ حِينَ كُنَّا فِي أَمْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَإِذَا مِتُّ فَارْدُدِيهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ فَلَمَّا مَاتَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ» أَرْسَلْتُ بِهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ ؓ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَقَدْ أَتْعَبْتَ مَنْ جَاءَ بَعْدَكَ  

[Machine] In the sermon of Abu Bakr, he said: "Don't you know that you wake up and go out for a known purpose? So whoever is able to fulfill their purpose while they are in the work of Allah, let them do so. And you will not achieve that except with Allah. Indeed, there are people who set their own deadlines, so Allah has forbidden you to be like them. Where are those among your brethren whom you know? They have done what they have done in the days of those before them, and they have settled in it with hardship and happiness. Where are the earlier oppressors who built cities and surrounded them with walls? They have become under rocks and wells. This is the book of Allah, its wonders do not cease, so seek guidance from it for a day of darkness and clarify it with its clear signs and explanations. Indeed, Allah has praised Zakariyya and his family, saying: 'They used to hasten in performing good deeds and supplicate to Us with hope and fear, and they used to be humble before Us.' There is no good in a statement that is not intended to please Allah. And there is no good in wealth that is not spent in the way of Allah. And there is no good in someone whose ignorance overpowers their forbearance. And there is no good in someone who is afraid of being criticized by people in regards to Allah."  

كَانَ فِي خُطْبَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ أَمَا تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّكُمْ تَغْدُونَ وَتَرُوحُونَ لِأَجَلٍ مَعْلُومٍ فَمَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ أَنْ يَنْقَضِيَ الْأَجَلُ وَهُوَ فِي عَمَلِ اللهِ ﷻ فَلْيَفْعَلْ وَلَنْ تَنَالُوا ذَلِكَ إِلَّا بِاللهِ ﷻ إِنَّ قَوْمًا جَعَلُوا آجَالَهُمْ لِغَيْرِهِمْ فَنَهَاكُمُ اللهُ أَنْ تَكُونُوا أمْثَالَهُمْ {وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ نَسُوا اللهَ فَأنْسَاهُمْ} أَيْنَ مَنْ تَعْرِفُونَ مِنْ إِخْوَانِكُمْ؟ قَدَّمُوا مَا قَدَّمُوا فِي أَيَّامِ سَلَفِهِمْ وَحَلُّوا فِيهِ بِالشِّقْوَةِ وَالسَّعَادَةِ أَيْنَ الْجَبَّارُونَ الْأَوَّلُونَ الَّذِينَ بَنَوُا الْمَدَائِنَ وَحَفَفُوها بِالْحَوَائِطِ قَدْ صَارُوا تَحْتَ الصَّخْرِ وَالْآبَارِ هَذَا كِتَابُ اللهِ ﷻ لَا تَفْنَى عَجَائِبُهُ فَاسْتَوْصُوا بِهِ مِنْهُ لِيَوْمِ ظُلْمَةٍ وَائْتَضِحُوا بِسَائِهِ وَبَيَانِهِ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ أَثْنَى عَلَى زَكَرِيَّا وَأَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ فَقَالَ {كَانُوا يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْخَيْرَاتِ وَيَدْعُونَنَا رَغَبًا وَرَهَبًا وَكَانُوا لَنَا خَاشِعِينَ} لَا خَيْرَ فِي قَوْلٍ لَا يُرَادَ بِهِ وَجْهُ اللهِ وَلَا خَيْرَ فِي مَالٍ لَا يُنْفَقُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ يَغْلِبُ جَهْلُهُ حِلْمَهُ وَلَا خَيْرَ فِيمَنْ يَخَافُ فِي اللهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ  

[Machine] "Abu Bakr passed away on Tuesday night and was buried at night."  

«تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ لَيْلَةَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ وَدُفِنَ لَيْلًا»  

[Machine] I heard my grandfather say, "Abu Bakr passed away while he had an infection in his eye and he was the caliph for two and a half years."  

سَمِعْتُ جَدِّي يَقُولُ «تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَبِهِ طَرَفٌ مِنَ السُّلِ وَوَلِيَ سَنَتَيْنِ وَنِصْفًا»  

[Machine] Abu Bakr was appointed as the successor on the day when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away. Abu Bakr also passed away in the month of Jumada al-Akhirah in the thirteenth year of hijra, at the age of sixty-three, the same age as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he passed away, as mentioned by Aisha.  

اسْتُخْلِفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي الْيَوْمِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَتُوُفِّيَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي جُمَادَى الْآخِرَةِ سَنَةَ ثَلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَسِنُّهُ يَوْمَ تُوُفِّيَ «كَمَا ذَكَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ» سِنَّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ ابْنُ ثَلَاثٍ وَسِتِّينَ  

[Machine] I entered upon Abu Bakr to visit him during his illness in which he passed away. I greeted him and asked how he was. He sat up straight and said, "I am on what you can see: in pain. You have occupied me with your concerns and I have been preoccupied with my own pain. I made a covenant for you after me, and I have chosen the best among you for myself. Each one of you will suffer because of that. You will find your homes surrounded by silk walls and the pleasant sound of tambourines. You will be hurt by the harshness of the bed sheets made of al-Azriyy fur, as if one of you is on a thorny branch. By Allah, if one of you were to be killed without any limit in retaliation, it would be better for him than indulging in the temptations of the worldly life."

Then he said, "Indeed, I only feel regret over three things that I have done, and I wish that I did not do them; and three things that I did not do, and I wish that I did them. The three things that I did, and I wish that I did not do, are: I wished that I did not uncover the house of Fatimah and leave it alone, and that the war was hastened upon me. I wished that on the day of Saqifah Bani Sa'idah, I threw the responsibility on one of the two men, either Abu 'Ubaydah or 'Umar, so that he would be the Amir al-Mu'minin and I would be the Minister. I wished that on the day of the Battle of Riddah, when I sent Khalid bin al-Walid to the apostates, I had stayed with the community, and if the Muslims had been victorious, they would have been victorious, and if they had lost, I would have been killed or captured."

"As for the three things that I did not do, and I wish that I did them, are: On the day I brought Al-Ash'ath as a captive, I wish that I had not killed him, for it seems that he would have been the worst enemy to the community. On the day I was presented with Al-Fajj ash-Sulami, I wish that I did not burn him, but rather killed him freely or released him freely. I wish that on the day I sent Khalid bin al-Walid to Ash-Sham, I sent 'Umar to Iraq, so that I would have spread my hands on my right and left in the cause of Allah."

"As for the three things that I wish I had asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about, but I did not, are: I wish that I had asked him about the matter of succession, so that its people would not have disputed about it after him. I wish that I had asked him if the Ansar had a role in this matter. I wish that I had asked him about marrying one's paternal aunt and a woman who is the daughter of a brother, as I had a need for one of them."  

دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ أَعُودُهُ فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَسَلَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَأَلْتُهُ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحْتَ فَاسْتَوَى جَالِسًا فَقُلْتُ أَصْبَحْتَ بِحَمْدِ اللهِ بَارِئًا فَقَالَ «أَمَا إِنِّي عَلَى مَا تَرَى وَجِعٌ وَجَعَلْتُمْ لِي شُغُلًا مَعَ وَجَعِي جَعَلْتُ لَكُمْ عَهْدًا مِنْ بَعْدِي وَاخْتَرْتُ لَكُمْ خَيْرَكُمْ فِي نَفْسِي فَكُلُّكُمْ وَرِمَ لِذَلِكَ أَنْفُهُ رَجَاءَ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْأَمْرُ لَهُ وَرَأَيْتُ الدُّنْيَا قَدْ أَقْبَلَتْ وَلَمَّا تُقْبِلْ وَهِيَ جَائِيَةٌ وَسَتُنَجِّدُونَ بُيُوتَكُمْ بِسُوَرِ الْحَرِيرِ وَنَضَائِدِ الدِّيبَاجِ وَتَأْلَمُونَ ضَجَائِعَ الصُّوفِ الْأَذْرِيِّ كَأَنَّ أَحَدَكُمْ عَلَى حَسَكِ السَّعْدَانِ وَوَاللهِ لَأَنْ يَقْدَمَ أَحَدُكُمْ فَيُضْرَبَ عُنُقُهُ فِي غَيْرِ حَدٍّ خَيْرٌ لَهُ مِنْ أَنْ يَسِيحَ فِي غَمْرَةِ الدُّنْيَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا إِنِّي لَا آسَى عَلَى شَيْءٍ إِلَّا عَلَى ثَلَاثٍ فَعَلْتُهُنَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ وَثَلَاثٍ لَمْ أفْعَلْهُنَّ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُهُنَّ وَثَلَاثٍ وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْهُنَّ فَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُنَّ فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ كَشَفْتُ بَيْتَ فَاطِمَةَ وَتَرَكْتُهُ وَأَنْ أَغْلِقَ عَلَيَّ الْحَرْبَ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ سَقِيفَةَ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ كُنْتُ قَذَفْتُ الْأَمْرَ فِي عُنُقِ أَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ أَوْ عُمَرَ فَكَانَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَكُنْتُ وَزِيرًا وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي حَيْثُ كُنْتُ وَجَّهْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى أَهْلِ الرِّدَّةِ أَقَمْتُ بِذِي الْقَصَّةِ فَإِنْ ظَفِرَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ ظَفِرُوا وَإِلَّا كُنْتُ رِدْءًا أَوْ مَدَدًا وَأَمَّا اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي فَعَلْتُهَا فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ أُتِيتُ بِالْأَشْعَثِ أَسِيرًا ضَرَبْتُ عُنُقَهُ فَإِنَّهُ يُخَيَّلُ إِلَيَّ أَنَّهُ يَكُونُ شَرَّ الْإِطَارِ إِلَيْهِ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي يَوْمَ أُتِيتُ بِالْفَجَاةِ السُّلَمِيَّ لَمْ أَكُنْ أَحْرِقُهُ وَقَتَلْتُهُ سَرِيحًا أَوْ أطْلَقْتُهُ نَجِيحًا وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي حَيْثُ وَجَّهْتُ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الشَّامِ وَجَّهْتُ عُمَرَ إِلَى الْعِرَاقِ فَأَكُونُ قَدْ بَسَطْتُ يَدَيْ يَمِينِي وَشِمَالِي فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ ﷻ وَأَمَّا الثَّلَاثُ اللَّاتِي وَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْهُنَّ فَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ سَأَلْتُهُ فِيمَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فَلَا يُنَازِعُهُ أَهْلُهُ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي كُنْتُ سَأَلْتُهُ هَلْ لِلْأَنْصَارِ فِي هَذَا الْأَمْرِ سَبَبٌ وَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي سَأَلْتُهُ عَنِ الْعَمَّةِ وَبِنْتِ الْأَخِ فَإِنَّ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهُمَا حَاجَةً  

[Machine] Ali and Abbas argued with each other in front of Abu Bakr about the inheritance of the Prophet ﷺ . He said, "I would not deviate from the position that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had placed it in."  

اخْتَصَمَ عَلِيٌّ وَالْعَبَّاسُ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي مِيرَاثِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ «مَا كُنْتُ لِأُحَوِّلَهُ عَنْ مَوْضِعِهِ الَّذِي وَضَعَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said about the Ansar: "Accept the good from them and overlook their mistakes."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي الْأَنْصَارِ «اقْبَلُوا مِنْ مُحْسِنِهِمْ وَتَجَاوَزُوا عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ»  

[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ consulted in matters of war, so you should take advice from him."  

«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ شَاوَرَ فِي أَمْرِ الْحَرْبِ» فَعَلَيْكَ بِهِ  

I heard my father say that his father heard Abu Bakr saying: I said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ : O Messenger of Allah, are we striving for something that has already been decided or is it something to be decided as events unfold? He said: ʿRather it is for something that has already been decided.ʿ I said: So why should we strive, O Messenger of Allah? He said: “Each person will be enabled to do that for which he has been created.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 19)   

سَمِعْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ يَقُولُ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَنَعْمَلُ عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ فُرِغَ مِنْهُ أَمْ عَلَى أَمْرٍ مُؤْتَنَفٍ؟ قَالَ بَلْ عَلَى أَمْرٍ قَدْ فُرِغَ مِنْهُ قُلْتُ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ «كُلٌّ مُيَسَّرٌ لِمَا خُلِقَ لَهُ»