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السيوطي:٧١١٢a

"إِنَّ مَلِكًا مِنْ مُلُوكِ بَنِى إِسرائيل أَخَذَ رَجُلًا فَخَيَّره بَيْنَ أَن يَشْرب الْخَمْرَ أَوْ يَقْتُلَ نَفْسًا، أَوْ يَزْنَى، أَو يأكُلَ لحم خِنْزِيرٍ، أَوْ يَقْتُلُوهُ إِنَّ أَبَى، فَاخْتَار أَنَّهُ يَشْرَبُ الْخَمْرَ، وإِنَّهُ لَمَّا شَرِبَهُ لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ مِنْ شَىْءٍ أَرَادُوهُ مِنْهُ، مَا مِنْ أَحَد يَشْرَبُها فَتُقْبَلَ له صَلَاةُ أَرْبَعينَ لَيْلَةً، وَلَا يَمُوت وَفِى مَثَانَتِهِ مِنْهَا شئٌ إِلَّا حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا الجَنَّةُ فإِنْ مَاتَ في أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً" .  

[طس] الطبرانى في الأوسط [ك] الحاكم في المستدرك عن ابن عمرو

See similar narrations below:

Collected by Ḥākim
hakim:7236ʿAlī b. Ḥamshādh al-ʿAdl > ʿUbayd b. Sharīk > Saʿīd b. Abū Maryam > al-Darāwardī > Dāwud b. Ṣāliḥ > Sālim b. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUmar from his father from my father

[Machine] Abu Bakr al-Siddiq, Umar ibn Al-Khattab, and some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, sat together after the death of the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. They discussed the greatest sins, but they did not have knowledge about them. So, they sent me to Abdullah ibn Amr to ask him about it. He informed me that the greatest of sins is drinking alcohol. I went back to them and informed them, but they denied it and disputed with me until they went to Abdullah ibn Amr's house. I informed him about their denial, and he told them that the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, said, "There was a man from the Children of Israel who was given the choice to either drink alcohol, kill someone, commit adultery, eat pork, or be killed. If he refused, they would kill him. So, he chose to drink alcohol. After he drank it, he did not refrain from anything they wanted from him." The Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him, also said to us, "Anyone who drinks alcohol, Allah will not accept his prayer for forty nights, and if he dies within forty nights, he will die the way a pre-Islamic pagan dies."  

الحاكم:٧٢٣٦حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ حَمْشَاذَ الْعَدْلُ ثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ شَرِيكٍ ثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ أَنْبَأَ الدَّرَاوَرْدِيُّ حَدَّثَنِي دَاوُدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ وَعُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ وَنَاسًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَلَسُوا بَعْدَ وَفَاةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرُوا أَعْظَمَ الْكَبَائِرِ فَلَمْ يَكُنْ عِنْدَهُمْ فِيهَا عِلْمٌ يَنْتَهُونَ إِلَيْهِ فَأَرْسَلُونِي إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ أَعْظَمَ الْكَبَائِرِ شُرْبُ الْخَمْرِ فَأَتَيْتُهُمْ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُمْ فَأَنْكَرُوا ذَلِكَ وَوَثَبُوا إِلَيْهِ جَمِيعًا حَتَّى أَتَوْهُ فِي دَارِهِ فَأَخْبَرَهُمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ مَلِكًا مِنْ مُلُوكِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ أَخَذَ رَجُلًا فَخَيَّرَهُ بَيْنَ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ الْخَمْرَ أَوْ يَقْتُلَ نَفْسًا أَوْ يَزْنِيَ أَوْ يَأْكُلَ لَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ أَوْ يَقْتُلُوهُ إِنْ أَبَى فَاخْتَارَ أَنْ يَشْرَبَ الْخَمْرَ وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا شَرِبَهَا لَمْ يَمْتَنِعْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَرَادُوهُ مِنْهُ» وَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَنَا مُجِيبًا «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَشْرَبُهَا فَيَقْبَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُ صَلَاةً أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً وَلَا يَمُوتُ وَفِي مَثَانَتِهِ مِنْهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْهِ بِهَا الْجَنَّةُ فَإِنْ مَاتَ فِي أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً مَاتَ مَيْتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً»  

هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ عَلَى شَرْطِ مُسْلِمٍ وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجَاهُ سكت عنه الذهبي في التلخيص