5. Sūrat al-Māʾidah

٥۔ سُورَةُ المَائدة

5.28 Disbelievers among the Children of Israel were cursed by the tongues of David and Jesus. Christians are closer to Muslims than the Jews & Pagans.

٥۔٢٨ مقطع في سُورَةُ المَائدة

quran:5:78

Cursed were those who disbelieved among the Children of Israel by the tongue of David and of Jesus, the son of Mary. That was because they disobeyed and ˹habitually˺ transgressed.  

Cursed were the disbelievers of the Children of Israel by the tongue of David, when he invoked God against them and they were transformed into apes — these were the people of Eilat — and by Jesus, son of Mary, when he invoked God against them and they were transformed into pigs — they were the ones ˹who ate˺ at the Table ˹cf. Q. 5:115, below˺ — that, cursing, was because of their disobedience and their transgression.
القرآن:٥:٧٨

لُعِنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ عَلَىٰ لِسَانِ دَاوُودَ وَعِيسَى ابْنِ مَرْيَمَ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ  

{لعن الذين كفروا من بني إسرائيل على لسان داوود} بأن دعا عليهم فمسخوا قردة وهم أصحاب إيلة {وعيسى ابن مريم} بأن دعا عليهم فمسخوا خنازير وهم أصحاب المائدة {ذلك} اللعن {بما عصوا وكانوا يعتدون}.
quran:5:79

They used not to prevent one another from wrongdoing that they did. How wretched was that which they were doing.  

They did not prevent one another, that is, one would not forbid the other from committing again, any indecency that they committed; verily evil was what they used to do, ˹verily evil˺ was this deed of theirs.
القرآن:٥:٧٩

كَانُوا لَا يَتَنَاهَوْنَ عَنْ مُنْكَرٍ فَعَلُوهُ ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ  

{كانوا لا يتناهون} أي لا ينهى بعضهم بعضا {عن} معاودة {منكر فعلوه لبئس ما كانوا يفعلون} فعلهم هذا.
quran:5:80

You see many of them becoming allies of those who disbelieved. How wretched is that which they have put forth for themselves in that Allah has become angry with them, and in the punishment they will abide eternally.  

You, O Muhammad (s), see many of them affiliating with those who disbelieve, from among the Meccans, out of spite for you. Evil is that, in the way of deeds, which their souls have offered on their behalf, for ˹the day of˺ their inevitable return, such that God is wroth with them and in the chastisement they shall abide.
القرآن:٥:٨٠

تَرَىٰ كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ يَتَوَلَّوْنَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا قَدَّمَتْ لَهُمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ أَنْ سَخِطَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ وَفِي الْعَذَابِ هُمْ خَالِدُونَ  

{ترى} يا محمد {كثيرا منهم يتولَّون الذين كفروا} من أهل مكة بغضا لك {لبئس ما قدَّمت لهم أنفسهم} من العمل لمعادهم الموجب لهم {أن سخط الله عليهم وفي العذاب هم خالدون}.
quran:5:81

And if they had believed in Allah and the Prophet and in what was revealed to him, they would not have taken them as allies; but many of them are defiantly disobedient.  

Yet had they believed in God and the Prophet, Muhammad (s), and what has been revealed to him, they would not have affiliated with them, namely, ˹with˺ the disbelievers; but many of them are wicked, rebellious against faith.
القرآن:٥:٨١

وَلَوْ كَانُوا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَالنَّبِيِّ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مَا اتَّخَذُوهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءَ وَلَٰكِنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ  

{ولو كانوا يؤمنون بالله والنبي} محمد {وما أنزل إليه ما اتخذوهم} أي الكفار {أولياء ولكنَّ كثيرا منهم فاسقون} خارجون عن الإيمان.
quran:5:82

You will surely find the most intense of the people in animosity toward the believers ˹to be˺ the Jews and those who associate others with Allah; and you will find the nearest of them in affection to the believers those who say, "We are Christians." That is because among them are priests and monks and because they are not arrogant.  

You, O Muhammad (s), will truly find the most hostile of people to those who believe to be the Jews and the idolaters, of Mecca, because of the intensity of their disbelief, ignorance and utter preoccupation with following whims; and you will truly find the nearest of them in love to those who believe to be those who say ‘Verily, we are Christians’; that, nearness of theirs in love to the believers is, because some of them are priests, scholars, and monks, devout worshippers, and because they are not disdainful, of following the truth, as the Jews and the Meccans are.
القرآن:٥:٨٢

لَتَجِدَنَّ أَشَدَّ النَّاسِ عَدَاوَةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالَّذِينَ أَشْرَكُوا ۖ وَلَتَجِدَنَّ أَقْرَبَهُمْ مَوَدَّةً لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا الَّذِينَ قَالُوا إِنَّا نَصَارَىٰ ۚ ذَٰلِكَ بِأَنَّ مِنْهُمْ قِسِّيسِينَ وَرُهْبَانًا وَأَنَّهُمْ لَا يَسْتَكْبِرُونَ  

{لتجدنَّ} يا محمد {أشدَّ الناس عداوة للذين آمنوا اليهود والذين أشركوا} من أهل مكة لتضاعف كفرهم وجهلهم وانهماكهم في اتباع الهوى {ولتجدن أقربهم مودة للذين آمنوا الذين قالوا إنَّا نصارى ذلك} أي قرب مودتهم للمؤمنين {بأن} بسبب أن {منهم قسيسين} علماء {ورهبانا} عبادا {وأنهم لا يستكبرون} عن اتباع الحق كما يستكبر اليهود وأهل مكة نزلت في وفد النجاشي القادمين عليه من الحبشة قرأ سورة يس فبكوا وأسلموا وقالوا ما أشبه هذا بما كان ينزل على عيسى.