5. Sūrat al-Māʾidah

٥۔ سُورَةُ المَائدة

Qurʾān > Chapter 5 > Section 23
القرآن > كتاب ٥ > باب ٢٣

5.23 Jews deceiving behavior. Jews' slander against God. If only the people of the Book had believed, they could have had the best of both the worlds.

٥۔٢٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ المَائدة

quran:5:61 –

And when they come to you, they say, "We believe." But they have entered with disbelief ˹in their hearts˺, and they have certainly left with it. And Allah is most knowing of what they were concealing.  

When they, the hypocrites from among the Jews, come to you, they say, ‘We believe’; but they have entered, unto you ensconced, in disbelief, and so they have departed, from you ensconced, in it, and they have not believed. And God knows very well what they were hiding, of hypocrisy.
القرآن:٥:٦١ –

وَإِذَا جَاءُوكُمْ قَالُوا آمَنَّا وَقَدْ دَخَلُوا بِالْكُفْرِ وَهُمْ قَدْ خَرَجُوا بِهِ ۚ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَا كَانُوا يَكْتُمُونَ  

{وإذا جاءُوكم} أي مُنَافِقُو اليهود {قالوا آمنا وقد دخلوا} إليكم متلبسين {بالكفر وهم قد خرجوا} من عندكم متلبسين {به} ولم يؤمنوا {والله أعلم بما كانوا يكتمونـ} ـه من النفاق.
quran:5:62 –

And you see many of them hastening into sin and aggression and the devouring of ˹what is˺ unlawful. How wretched is what they have been doing.  

And you see many of them, namely, the Jews, vying, falling headlong, in sin, in calumny, and enmity, wrongdoing, and their consuming of unlawful gain, what is illicit, like bribes; evil is that, deed of theirs, which they have been committing.
القرآن:٥:٦٢ –

وَتَرَىٰ كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْإِثْمِ وَالْعُدْوَانِ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ  

{وترى كثيرا منهم} أي اليهود {يسارعون} يقعون سريعا {في الإثم} الكذب {والعدوان} الظلم {وأكلهم السُّحُت} الحرام كالرشا {لبئس ما كانوا يعملونـ} ـهُ عملهم هذا.
quran:5:63 –

Why do the rabbis and religious scholars not forbid them from saying what is sinful and devouring what is unlawful? How wretched is what they have been practicing.  

Why do the rabbis and the priests, among them, not forbid them from uttering sin, calumny, and consuming unlawful gain? Evil is what they have been doing, in refraining from forbidding them.
القرآن:٥:٦٣ –

لَوْلَا يَنْهَاهُمُ الرَّبَّانِيُّونَ وَالْأَحْبَارُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِمُ الْإِثْمَ وَأَكْلِهِمُ السُّحْتَ ۚ لَبِئْسَ مَا كَانُوا يَصْنَعُونَ  

{لولا} هلا {ينهاهم الربَّانيون والأحبار} منهم {عن قولهم الإثم} الكذب {وأكلهم السحت لبئس ما كانوا يصنعونـ} ـه ترك نهيهم.
quran:5:64 –

And the Jews say, "The hand of Allah is chained." Chained are their hands, and cursed are they for what they say. Rather, both His hands are extended; He spends however He wills. And that which has been revealed to you from your Lord will surely increase many of them in transgression and disbelief. And We have cast among them animosity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection. Every time they kindled the fire of war ˹against you˺, Allah extinguished it. And they strive throughout the land ˹causing˺ corruption, and Allah does not like corrupters.  

The Jews said, when their circumstances became straitened, on account of their denial of the Prophet (s), after having been the wealthiest of people: ‘God’s hand is fettered’, withholding the sending forth of provision upon us — this was their metaphor for niggardliness — may God be exalted above this. God, exalted be He, says: Fettered be, withheld be, their hands, from the performance of good deeds, as an invocation against them; and they are cursed for what they have said. Nay, but His hands are extended out wide — a hyperbole for the attribute of generosity — the use of ˹yadā˺ the dual for yad, ‘hand’, is intended to imply abundance, since the utmost that an affluent person can give freely of his wealth is when he gives it with both hands. He expends how He will, in giving abundantly or straitening, and there can be no objection to this. And what has been revealed to you from your Lord, of the Qur’ān, will surely increase many of them in insolence and disbelief, because of their ˹very˺ disbelief in it; and We have cast between them enmity and hatred until the Day of Resurrection, and so every sect among them is opposed to the other. Every time they light the fires of war, that is, for war against the Prophet (s), God extinguishes them, that is, every time they desire it ˹war˺, He repels them. And they hasten about the earth in corruption, that is, ˹they hasten about˺ corrupting, through acts of disobedience, and God does not love corrupters, meaning that He will punish them.
القرآن:٥:٦٤ –

وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ يَدُ اللَّهِ مَغْلُولَةٌ ۚ غُلَّتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَلُعِنُوا بِمَا قَالُوا ۘ بَلْ يَدَاهُ مَبْسُوطَتَانِ يُنْفِقُ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ ۚ وَلَيَزِيدَنَّ كَثِيرًا مِنْهُمْ مَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا ۚ وَأَلْقَيْنَا بَيْنَهُمُ الْعَدَاوَةَ وَالْبَغْضَاءَ إِلَىٰ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ۚ كُلَّمَا أَوْقَدُوا نَارًا لِلْحَرْبِ أَطْفَأَهَا اللَّهُ ۚ وَيَسْعَوْنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ فَسَادًا ۚ وَاللَّهُ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُفْسِدِينَ  

{وقالت اليهود} لما ضيق عليهم بتكذيبهم النبي ﷺ بعد أن كانوا أكثر الناس مالا {يد الله مغلولة} مقبوضة عن إدرار الرزق علينا كنوا به عن البخل - تعالى الله عن ذلك- قال تعالى: {غُلَّتْ} أمسكت {أيديهم} عن فعل الخيرات دعاء عليهم {ولُعنوا بما قالوا بل يداه مبسوطتان} مبالغة في الوصف بالجود وثنى اليد لإفادة الكثرة إذ غاية ما يبذله السخي من ماله أن يعطي بيديه {ينفق كيف يشاء} من توسيع وتضيق لا اعتراض عليه {وليزيدن كثيرا منهم ما أنزل إليك من ربك} من القرآن {طغيانا وكفرا} لكفرهم به {وألقينا بينهم العداوة والبغضاء إلى يوم القيامة} فكل فرقة منهم تخالف الأخرى {كلما أوقدوا نارا للحرب} أي لحرب النبي ﷺ {أطفأها الله} أي كلما أرادوه ردهم {ويسعَون في الأرض فسادا} أي مفسدين بالمعاصي {والله لا يحب المفسدين} بمعنى أنه يعاقبهم.
quran:5:65 –

And if only the People of the Scripture had believed and feared Allah, We would have removed from them their misdeeds and admitted them to Gardens of Pleasure.  

But had the People of the Scripture believed, in Muhammad (s), and feared unbelief, We would have absolved them of their evil deeds and We would admitted them to Gardens of Bliss.
القرآن:٥:٦٥ –

وَلَوْ أَنَّ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ آمَنُوا وَاتَّقَوْا لَكَفَّرْنَا عَنْهُمْ سَيِّئَاتِهِمْ وَلَأَدْخَلْنَاهُمْ جَنَّاتِ النَّعِيمِ  

{ولو أن أهل الكتاب آمنوا} بمحمد ﷺ {واتقوا} الكفر {لكفرنا عنهم سيئاتهم ولأدخلناهم جنات النعيم}.
quran:5:66 –

And if only they upheld ˹the law of˺ the Torah, the Gospel, and what has been revealed to them from their Lord, they would have consumed ˹provision˺ from above them and from beneath their feet. Among them are a moderate community, but many of them - evil is that which they do.  

And had they observed the Torah and the Gospel, by implementing what is in them, including believing in the Prophet (s), and what was revealed to them, of scriptures, from their Lord, they would surely have received nourishment from above them and from beneath their feet, by their being given provision in abundance, with it pouring forth from every place. Some of them, a group ˹among them˺, are a just community, implementing it ˹the Torah˺, and they are the ones who believed in the Prophet (s), the likes of ‘Abd Allāh b. Salām and his companions; but many of them — evil is that, thing, which they do.
القرآن:٥:٦٦ –

وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ أَقَامُوا التَّوْرَاةَ وَالْإِنْجِيلَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ لَأَكَلُوا مِنْ فَوْقِهِمْ وَمِنْ تَحْتِ أَرْجُلِهِمْ ۚ مِنْهُمْ أُمَّةٌ مُقْتَصِدَةٌ ۖ وَكَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ سَاءَ مَا يَعْمَلُونَ  

{ولو أنهم أقاموا التوراة والإنجيل} بالعمل بما فيهما ومنه الإيمان بالنبي ﷺ {وما أنزل إليهم} من الكتب {من ربِّهم لأكلوا من فوقهم ومن تحت أرجلهم} بأن يوسع عليهم الرزق ويفيض من كل جهة {منهم أمَّة} جماعة {مقتصدة} تعمل به وهم من آمن بالنبي ﷺ كعبد الله بن سلام وأصحابه {وكثير منهم ساء} بئس {ما} شيئا {يعملونـ} ـه.