5. Sūrat al-Māʾidah

٥۔ سُورَةُ المَائدة

5.20 Do not take Jews or Christians as your protectors.

٥۔٢٠ مقطع في سُورَةُ المَائدة

quran:5:51

O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are ˹in fact˺ allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you - then indeed, he is ˹one˺ of them. Indeed, Allah guides not the wrongdoing people.  

O you who believe, do not take Jews and Christians as patrons, affiliating with them or showing them affection; they are patrons of each other, being united in disbelief. Whoever amongst you affiliates with them, he is one of them, counted with them. God does not guide the folk who do wrong, by affiliating with disbelievers.
القرآن:٥:٥١

يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَىٰ أَوْلِيَاءَ ۘ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ ۚ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَهْدِي الْقَوْمَ الظَّالِمِينَ  

{يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا تتخذوا اليهود والنصارى أولياء} توالونهم وتوادونهم {بعضهم أولياء بعض} لا تحادهم في الكفر {ومن يتولَّهم منكم فإنه منهم} من جملتهم {إن الله لا يهدى القوم الظالمين} بموالاتهم الكفار.
quran:5:52

So you see those in whose hearts is disease hastening into ˹association with˺ them, saying, "We are afraid a misfortune may strike us." But perhaps Allah will bring conquest or a decision from Him, and they will become, over what they have been concealing within themselves, regretful.  

And you see those in whose hearts is sickness, weakness of faith, the like of ‘Abd Allāh b. Ubayy the hypocrite; vying with one another for them, to affiliate with them, saying, as an excuse for this: ‘We fear lest we suffer a turn of fortune’, which time will bring round against us, such as drought or defeat, and that if Muhammad’s affair should come to nothing, they will cease to supply us with provisions. God, exalted be He, says: But it may be that God will bring victory, by assisting His Prophet and making His religion prevail; or some commandment from Him, that will reveal the secrets of the hypocrites, disgracing them; and then they will end up, for what they kept secret within themselves, in the way of doubt and affiliating with disbelievers, remorseful.
القرآن:٥:٥٢

فَتَرَى الَّذِينَ فِي قُلُوبِهِمْ مَرَضٌ يُسَارِعُونَ فِيهِمْ يَقُولُونَ نَخْشَىٰ أَنْ تُصِيبَنَا دَائِرَةٌ ۚ فَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بِالْفَتْحِ أَوْ أَمْرٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ فَيُصْبِحُوا عَلَىٰ مَا أَسَرُّوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ نَادِمِينَ  

{فترى الذين في قلوبهم مرض} ضعف اعتقاد كعبد الله بن أبي المنافق {يسارعون فيهم} في موالاتهم {يقولون} معتذرين عنها {نخشى أن تصيبنا دائرة} يدور بها الدهر علينا من جدب أو غلبة ولا يتم أمر محمد فلا يميرونا قال تعالى: {فعسى الله أن يأتي بالفتح} بالنصر لنبيه بإظهار دينه {أو أمر من عنده} بهتك ستر المنافقين وافتضاحهم {فيصبحوا على ما أسرُّوا في أنفسهم} من الشك وموالاة الكفار {نادمين}.
quran:5:53

And those who believe will say, "Are these the ones who swore by Allah their strongest oaths that indeed they were with you?" Their deeds have become worthless, and they have become losers.  

And they say (read wa-yaqūlu, or just yaqūlu, to indicate a new ˹independent˺ sentence; or wa-yaqūla as a supplement to what follows), those who believe, to one another in amazement, when their secrets are revealed: ‘Are these the ones who swore by God their most earnest oaths, making the utmost effort thereby ˹to swear˺, that they were surely with you?, in religion. God, exalted be He, says: Their, good, works have failed, are invalid; and they have become, they have ended up as, the losers’, in this world, through ignominy, and in the Hereafter, through their punishment.
القرآن:٥:٥٣

وَيَقُولُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَهَٰؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ أَقْسَمُوا بِاللَّهِ جَهْدَ أَيْمَانِهِمْ ۙ إِنَّهُمْ لَمَعَكُمْ ۚ حَبِطَتْ أَعْمَالُهُمْ فَأَصْبَحُوا خَاسِرِينَ  

{ويقولُ} بالرفع استئنافا بواو ودونها وبالنصب عطفا على يأتي {الذين آمنوا} لبعضهم إذا هتك سترهم تعجبا {أهؤلاء الذين أقسموا بالله جَهد أيمانهم} غاية اجتهادهم فيها {إنهم لمعكم} في الدين قال تعالى: {حبطت} بطلت {أعمالهم} الصالحة {فأصبحوا} صاروا {خاسرين} الدنيا بالفضيحة والآخرة بالعقاب.