21. Book of Inheritance
٢١۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
[Machine] About al-Hasan, regarding a man who admitted to owing a thousand dirhams to one person and another person provided evidence of a thousand dirhams, and the deceased left behind a thousand dirhams. He said, "The money should be divided equally between the two, unless the deceased was bankrupt, then his claim cannot be accepted."
عَنْ الْحَسَنِ فِي رَجُلٍ اعْتَرَفَ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ لِرَجُلٍ وَأَقَامَ آخَرُ بَيِّنَةً بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ وَتَرَكَ الْمَيِّتُ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَقَالَ «الْمَالُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مُفْلِسًا فَلَا يَجُوزُ إِقْرَارُهُ»
[Machine] I said to a partner, "How did you mention in the two brothers that one of them claims to be a brother?" He said, "He enters into his share." I asked, "Who mentioned it?" He said, "Jabir reported from Aamir from Ali."
قُلْتُ لِشَرِيكٍ كَيْفَ ذَكَرْتَ فِي الْأَخَوَيْنِ يَدَّعِي أَحَدُهُمَا أَخًا؟ قَالَ «يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِ فِي نَصِيبِهِ» قُلْتُ مَنْ ذَكَرَهُ؟ قَالَ جَابِرٌ عَنْ عَامِرٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ
[Machine] Concerning Ibrahim and his brothers, some of them claim brotherhood while others deny it. He said, "He will enter with them in the position of a slave who has a share among brothers, so one of them will free his portion." He said, and 'Amir, the judge, and their companions say, "He will not enter except in the share that he acknowledged."
عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي الْإِخْوَةِ يَدَّعِي بَعْضُهُمُ الْأَخَ وَيُنْكِرُ الْآخَرُونَ قَالَ «يَدْخُلُ مَعَهُمْ بِمَنْزِلَةِ عَبْدٍ يَكُونُ بَيْنَ الْإِخْوَةِ فَيَعْتِقَ أَحَدُهُمْ نَصِيبَهُ» قَالَ وَكَانَ عَامِرٌ وَالْحَكَمُ وَأَصْحَابُهُمَا يَقُولُونَ «لَا يَدْخُلُ إِلَّا فِي نَصِيبِ الَّذِي اعْتَرَفَ بِهِ»
[Machine] If they are brothers, does one of them claim brotherhood while the other denies it? Ibn Abi Layla said: "It is divided into six parts: three for the one who does not claim, two for the claimant, and one for the one being claimed."
إِذَا كَانَا أَخَوَيْنِ فَادَّعَى أَحَدُهُمَا أَخًا وَأَنْكَرَهُ الْآخَرُ؟ قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ أَبِي لَيْلَى يَقُولُ هِيَ مِنْ سِتَّةٍ لِلَّذِي لَمْ يَدَّعِ ثَلَاثَةٌ وَلِلْمُدَّعِي سَهْمَانِ وَلِلْمُدَّعَى سَهْمٌ
[Machine] About Hammad concerning a man who has three sons. Hammad said: "two-thirds of the property should go to the youngest son." The middle son said: "I agree." And the eldest son said: "I do not agree." Hammad said: "She comes from nine (shares), so he (the youngest son) gets his share and the share of the one who agreed." And Hammad said: "The arrow is returned to all of them." And 'Amir said: "The one who returned it only returned it to himself."
عَنْ حَمَّادٍ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَكُونُ لَهُ ثَلَاثَةُ بَنِينَ فَقَالَ ثُلُثِي لِأَصْغَرِ بَنِيَّ فَقَالَ الْأَوْسَطُ أَنَا أُجِيزُ وَقَالَ الْأَكْبَرُ أَنَا لَا أُجِيزُ قَالَ «هِيَ مِنْ تِسْعَةٍ يُخْرِجُ ثُلُثَهُ فَلَهُ سَهْمُهُ وَسَهْمُ الَّذِي أَجَازَ» وَقَالَ حَمَّادٌ «يَرُدُّ السَّهْمَ عَلَيْهِمْ جَمِيعًا» وَقَالَ عَامِرٌ «الَّذِي رَدَّ إِنَّمَا رَدَّ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ»
أَنَّهُ أَخُوهُ»
[Machine] About Al-Harith al-Ukli, regarding a man who confessed upon his death to having a thousand dirhams as investment and a thousand dirhams as debt, and he did not leave behind anything except a thousand dirhams. He said, "Begin with the debt, for if there is any remaining, it will be an increase for the owner of the investment."
عَنْ الْحَارِثِ الْعُكْلِيِّ فِي رَجُلٍ أَقَرَّ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بِأَلْفِ دِرْهَمٍ مُضَارَبَةً وَأَلْفٍ دَيْنًا وَلَمْ يَدَعْ إِلَّا أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ «يُبْدَأُ بِالدَّيْنِ فَإِنْ فَضَلَ فَضْلٌ كَانَ لِصَاحِبِ الْمُضَارَبَةِ»
[Machine] About Al-Shaabi (a famous poet) regarding a man who died leaving behind three hundred dirhams and three sons, a man came claiming one hundred dirhams from the deceased. One of the sons confirmed his claim and said the amount should be paid to him from their portion. Then Al-Shaabi said, "I do not see that an inheritance can be distributed until the debt is settled."
عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ فِي رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَتَرَكَ ثَلَاثَ مِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ وَثَلَاثَةَ بَنِينَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَدَّعِي مِائَةَ دِرْهَمٍ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ فَأَقَرَّ لَهُ أَحَدُهُمْ قَالَ يَدْخُلُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْحِصَّةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ «مَا أُرَى أَنْ يَكُونَ مِيرَاثًا حَتَّى يُقْضَى الدَّيْنُ»
[Machine] About Al-Hasan, there was a man who died leaving behind two sons and two thousand dirhams. The two sons divided the two thousand dirhams equally between themselves. Then, one of the sons disappeared. A man came and claimed a thousand dirhams from the deceased. He said to take all that is in the witness's hand and he was told to follow his absent brother and take half of what is in his hand.
عَنْ الْحَسَنِ فِي رَجُلٍ هَلَكَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَيْنِ وَتَرَكَ أَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَاقْتَسَمَا الْأَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ وَغَابَ أَحَدُ الِابْنَيْنِ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ فَاسْتَحَقَّ عَلَى الْمَيِّتِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ قَالَ يَأْخُذُ جَمِيعَ مَا فِي يَدِ الشَّاهِدِ وَيُقَالُ لَهُ اتَّبِعْ أَخَاكَ الْغَائِبَ فَخُذْ نِصْفَ مَا فِي يَدِهِ
[Machine] "If some of the heirs acknowledge a debt, they are responsible for their share."
«إِذَا أَقَرَّ بَعْضُ الْوَرَثَةِ بِدَيْنٍ فَهُوَ عَلَيْهِ بِحِصَّتِهِ»
[Machine] "If two of the heirs bear witness to a debt, it is considered a part of the total wealth if they are competent." And Al-Sha'bi said, "They should take their share."
«إِذَا شَهِدَ اثْنَانِ مِنَ الْوَرَثَةِ بِدَيْنٍ فَهُوَ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْمَالِ إِذَا كَانُوا عُدُولًا» وَقَالَ الشَّعْبِيُّ «عَلَيْهِمَا فِي نَصِيبِهِمَا»