21. Book of Inheritance
٢١۔ كِتَابُ الْفَرَائِضِ
[Machine] He used to say about sisters from the same father and mother, brothers, and sisters from the same father, that two-thirds of the inheritance should be given to them. As for the remaining portion, it belongs to the males and not the females. A thief came to the city and heard Zaid's statement in it, and he admired it. Some of his companions said to him, "Would you abandon the statement of Abdullah?" He replied, "I came to the city and found Zaid ibn Thabit from the knowledgeable people. Ahmad said, so I asked Abu Shihab, "And how did Zaid say about it?" He said, "He divided it among them."
أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ لِلْأَخَوَاتِ لِلْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَانِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ فَقَدِمَ مَسْرُوقٌ الْمَدِينَةَ فَسَمِعَ قَوْلَ زَيْدٍ فِيهَا فَأَعْجَبَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ بَعْضُ أَصْحَابِهِ أَتَتْرُكُ قَوْلَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ إِنِّي أَتَيْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ مِنَ الرَّاسِخِينَ فِي الْعِلْمِ قَالَ أَحْمَدُ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي شِهَابٍ وَكَيْفَ قَالَ زَيْدٌ فِيهَا؟ قَالَ «شَرَّكَ بَيْنَهُمْ»
[Machine] "In a family of a father and mother, and brothers and sisters of the father, he used to give the sisters from the father and mother two-thirds, and the remaining portion was for the males and not the females." So a wise person said, Zayd ibn Thabit said, "This is a practice from the time of ignorance, that men would inherit more than women, even though their sisters are the ones taking care of them."
فِي أَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ وَأُمٍّ وَإِخْوَةٍ وَأَخَوَاتٍ لِأَبٍ «أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُعْطِي الْأَخَوَاتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَلِلذُّكُورِ دُونَ الْإِنَاثِ» فَقَالَ حَكِيمٌ قَالَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ «هَذَا مِنْ عَمَلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ أَنْ يَرِثَ الرِّجَالُ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ إِنَّ إِخْوَتَهُنَّ قَدْ رُدُّوا عَلَيْهِنَّ»
[Machine] She used to divide between two daughters, a granddaughter, and a great-grandson, giving the two daughters two-thirds and keeping the remaining portion for herself.
أَنَّهَا كَانَتْ تُشَرِّكُ بَيْنَ ابْنَتَيْنِ وَابْنَةِ ابْنٍ وَابْنِ ابْنٍ تُعْطِي الِابْنَتَيْنِ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَمَا بَقِيَ فَشَرِكتُهُمْ
[Machine] Ibn Mas'ud used to say about a daughter, the daughters of a son, and the sons of a son, "If the division between them is less than one sixth, he gave them one sixth, and if it is more than one sixth, he gave them one sixth."
أَنَّ ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي بِنْتٍ وَبَنَاتِ ابْنٍ وَابْنِ ابْنٍ «إِنْ كَانَتِ الْمُقَاسَمَةُ بَيْنَهُمْ أَقَلَّ مِنَ السُّدُسِ أَعْطَاهُمُ السُّدُسَ وَإِنْ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مِنَ السُّدُسِ أَعْطَاهُمُ السُّدُسَ»
[Machine] Does anyone of them have a stronger proof than Abdullah? He said, "No, but I have seen Zaid ibn Thabit and the people of Madinah associating in marriage with two daughters, a granddaughter, a grandson, and two sisters."
لَهُ عَلْقَمَةُ هَلْ أَحَدٌ مِنْهُمْ أَثْبَتُ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ؟ فَقَالَ لَا وَلَكِنِّي «رَأَيْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ وَأَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ يُشَرِّكُونَ فِي ابْنَتَيْنِ وَبِنْتِ ابْنٍ وَابْنِ ابْنٍ وَأُخْتَيْنِ»
[Machine] About Shurayh, he said: "Regarding a woman who left her husband, mother, and sister to live with her father, mother, and sister from her father's side, and her brothers from her mother's side, he divided her inheritance into six shares. Then he increased it until it reached ten shares. The husband receives half of the inheritance (three shares), the sister from the father and mother each receive half of the inheritance (three shares), the mother receives one-sixth of the inheritance, the brothers from the mother receive two-thirds of the inheritance, and the sister from the father receives one share, to complete the two thirds."
عَنْ شُرَيْحٍ «فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَرَكَتْ زَوْجَهَا وَأُمَّهَا وَأُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَأُمِّهَا وَأُخْتَهَا لِأَبِيهَا وَإِخْوَتَهَا لِأُمِّهَا جَعَلَهَا مِنْ سِتَّةٍ ثُمَّ رَفَعَهَا فَبَلَغَتْ عَشَرَةً لِلزَّوْجِ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ وَالْأُمِّ النِّصْفُ ثَلَاثَةُ أَسْهُمٍ وَلِلْأُمِّ السُّدُسُ سَهْمٌ وَلِلْإِخْوَةِ مِنَ الْأُمِّ الثُّلُثُ سَهْمَانِ وَلِلْأُخْتِ مِنَ الْأَبِ سَهْمٌ تَكْمِلَةُ الثُّلُثَيْنِ»