[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "If a slave is given a punishment or a inheritance, he will be treated in accordance with the amount that he has emancipated himself."  

النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُكَاتَبُ حَدًّا أَوْ مِيرَاثًا وَرِثَ بِحِسَابِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ وَأُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ بِحِسَابِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ  

[Machine] "About the Prophet Muhammad, ﷺ , he said: "The slave is to settle a debt with a portion of what a free person would settle as a blood money, and whatever remains is the blood money of the slave." Abu 'Isa said: "Regarding what has been narrated to me from him, I asked al-Bukhari about this hadith and he said: Some of them narrated this hadith from Ayyub from 'Ikrimah from 'Ali." The Sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "By this, he means the second hadith. As for the first one, it is from the individuals of Hammad."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ بِحِصَّةِ مَا أَدَّى دِيَةَ حُرٍّ وَمَا بَقِيَ دِيَةَ عَبْدٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي عَنْهُ سَأَلْتُ الْبُخَارِيَّ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ رَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَعْنِي بِهِ الْحَدِيثَ الثَّانِيَ فَأَمَّا الْأَوَّلُ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَفْرَادِ حَمَّادٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Mukatabah (manumission of slaves through a written agreement) is to be done according to what has been fulfilled." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "It is narrated from 'Ikrimah, from 'Ali, a mursal (a type of hadith chain in which the tabi'i directly narrates from the Prophet) narration, and it was also narrated by Hammam ibn Zaid and Isma'il ibn Ibrahim from Ayyub, from 'Ikrimah, from the Prophet ﷺ . And Isma'il attributed it to 'Ikrimah. Al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "And it was narrated by Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, this hadith from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, from the Prophet ﷺ ." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "And there is difference of opinion regarding its elevation (meaning the level of authenticity of this narration)."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرِوَايَةُ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ مُرْسَلَةٌ وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا وَجَعَلَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ قَوْلَ عِكْرِمَةَ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِي رَفْعِهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "The compensatory gift should be paid according to the value of the slave being freed, and also according to the value of the slave who has been killed unjustly." Abu Dawud added in his narration, "Ali and Marwan both said the same thing." Abu Ali At-Tughlabi said, "So I asked Ahmad Ibn Hanbal about this hadith, and he said, 'I refer to the hadith of Barirah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered her to remain under the ruling of slavery until he ordered her freedom. And likewise..."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ دِيَةَ الْحُرِّ وَبِقَدْرِ مَا رَقَّ مِنْهُ دِيَةَ الْعَبْدِ زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَمَرْوَانُ يَقُولَانِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ التَّغْلِبِيُّ فَسَأَلْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَذْهَبُ إِلَى حَدِيثِ بَرِيرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِشِرَائِهَا يَعْنِي أَنَّهَا بَقِيَتْ عَلَى حُكْمِ الرِّقِّ حَتَّى أَمَرَ بِشِرَائِهَا وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The offices inherit according to what they have achieved.  

الْمُكَاتَبُ يَرِثُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى  

[Machine] Abdullah said, "When the slave pays the value of his neck, he becomes free."  

قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ إِذَا أَدَّى الْمُكَاتَبُ قِيمَةَ رَقَبَتِهِ فَهُوَ غَرِيمٌ  

[Machine] Abdullah said, "If the debtor pays one-third or one-fourth, then he is still liable."  

قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ إِذَا أَدَّى الْمُكَاتَبُ ثُلُثًا أَوْ رُبُعًا فَهُوَ غَرِيمٌ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If any of you have correspondents and they possess something to be delivered, then let her cover herself from them." And Abu Ali Ar-Ruzbary informed us that Muhammad ibn Bakr narrated to us from Abu Dawood, who narrated from Musaddad ibn Musarhad, who narrated from Sufyan, who mentioned it in a similar manner.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ لِإِحْدَاكُنَّ مُكَاتَبٌ وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ مَا يُؤَدِّي فَلْتَحْتَجِبْ مِنْهُ 21662 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الرُّوذْبَارِيُّ أنبأ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ ثنا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ مُسَرْهَدٍ ثنا سُفْيَانُ فَذَكَرَهُ بِمِثْلِهِ  

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , say, "If there is something to be paid to the scribes, then abstain from it." Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, narrated it in the past from Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah. He said, "I did not memorize from Sufyan that Al-Zuhri heard it from Nu'ayhan, and I did not see anyone from the people of knowledge who confirmed one of these two hadiths. And Allah knows best." He meant the hadith of Nu'ayhan and the hadith of 'Amr ibn Shuayb that the Prophet, ﷺ , said, "Whoever writes a debt for his slave for one hundred uqiyyahs and accepts less than ten uqiyyahs as payment, then he is a slave trader." As for Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, he only narrated the hadith of 'Amr in a disconnected manner, and it has been narrated from other paths from 'Amr, from his father, from his grandfather, from the Prophet, ﷺ . And the hadith of Nu'ayhan, it was reported that Ma'mar heard Al-Zuhri hear it from Nu'ayhan, except that Al-Bukhari and Muslim, the authors of the authentic hadith collections, did not include his hadith in the authentic collection, as if his reliability had not been established in their view, or he did not reach the level of ignorance with the transmission of reliable narrators, and other than Al-Zuhri reported from him, if it is preserved, and he is in  

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِذَا كَانَ عِنْدَ الْمُكَاتَبِ مَا يُؤَدِّي فَاحْتَجِبْنَ مِنْهُ وَرَوَاهُ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ فِي الْقَدِيمِ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ قَالَ وَلَمْ أَحْفَظْ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ أَنَّ الزُّهْرِيَّ سَمِعَهُ مِنْ نَبْهَانَ وَلَمْ أَرَ مَنْ رَضِيتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ يُثْبِتُ وَاحِدًا مِنْ هَذَيْنِ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ يُرِيدُ حَدِيثَ نَبْهَانَ وَحَدِيثَ عَمْرِو بْنِ شُعَيْبٍ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ كَاتَبَ عَبْدَهُ عَلَى مِائَةِ أُوقِيَّةٍ فَأَدَّاهَا إِلَّا عَشْرَ أَوَاقٍ فَهُوَ رَقِيقٌ وَالشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ إِنَّمَا رَوَى حَدِيثَ عَمْرٍو مُنْقَطِعًا وَقَدْ رُوِّينَاهُ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ أُخَرَ عَنْ عَمْرٍو عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَحَدِيثُ نَبْهَانَ قَدْ ذَكَرَ فِيهِ مَعْمَرٌ سَمَاعَ الزُّهْرِيِّ مِنْ نَبْهَانَ إِلَّا أَنَّ الْبُخَارِيَّ وَمُسْلِمًا صَاحِبَيِ الصَّحِيحِ لَمْ يُخَرِّجَا حَدِيثَهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ وَكَأَنَّهُ لَمْ يَثْبُتْ عَدَالَتُهُ عِنْدَهُمَا أَوْ لَمْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ حَدِّ الْجَهَالَةِ بِرِوَايَةِ عَدْلٍ عَنْهُ وَقَدْ رَوَى غَيْرُ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْهُ إِنْ كَانَ مَحْفُوظًا وَهُوَ فِيمَا  

[Machine] Um Salama, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ , sold some of her belongings and said, "Give the remaining payment to the son of my brother, the son of Abdullah ibn Abi Umayyah, as I have helped him with it. Then do not speak to me except from behind a barrier." Nabhān (the buyer) began to cry, and Um Salama said, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ told us that if one of you writes to her slave, she should show him what remains of her writing. And when she finishes, she should not speak to him except from behind a barrier. This is how it should be done."  

سَلَمَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بَاعَتْ نَبْهَانَ مُكَاتَبًا لَهَا فَقَالَتِ ادْفَعْ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ كِتَابَتِكَ إِلَى ابْنِ أَخِي ابْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ فَإِنِّي قَدْ أَعَنْتُهُ بِهَا ثُمَّ لَا تُكَلِّمُنِي إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ فَبَكَى نَبْهَانُ فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ ؓ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَنَا إِذَا كَاتَبَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ عَبْدَهَا فَلْيَرَهَا مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ فَإِذَا قَضَاهَا فَلَا تُكَلِّمْنَ إِلَّا مِنْ وَرَاءِ حِجَابٍ هَكَذَا  

Three are the Sunan (usages) (that we came to know in case of Bairara). She was given option in regard to her husband when she was emancipated. Sbe was given meat as charity. Messenger of Allah (way peace be upon him) visited me when an earthen pot with meat in it was placed on the fire. He asked for food and be was given bread with ordinary meat (usually cooked in the) house. Thereupon he (Messenger of Allah) said: Don't I see the earthen pot on fire with meat in it? They said: Yes. Messenger of Allah, there is meat in it which was given as charity to Barira. We did not deem it advisable that we should give you that to eat, whereupon he said: It is charity for her, but it is gift for us. Allah's Apostle ﷺ also said: The right of inheritance vests with one who emancipates. (Using translation from Muslim 1504k)   

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ كَانَ فِي بَرِيرَةَ ثَلَاثُ سُنَنٍ خُيِّرَتْ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا حِينَ أُعْتِقَتْ وَأُهْدِيَ لَهَا لَحْمٌ فَدَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَالْبُرْمَةُ عَلَى النَّارِ فَدَعَا بِطَعَامٍ فَأُتِيَ بِخُبْزٍ وَأَدَمٍ مِنْ أَدَمِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ أَلَمْ أَرَ بُرْمَةً عَلَى النَّارِ فِيهَا لَحْمٌ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ذَلِكَ لَحْمٌ تُصُدِّقَ بِهِ عَلَى بَرِيرَةَ فَكَرِهْنَا أَنْ نُطْعِمَكَ مِنْهُ فَقَالَ هُوَ عَلَيْهَا صَدَقَةٌ وَهُوَ مِنْهَا لَنَا هَدِيَّةٌ وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فِيهَا إِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

[Machine] "To feed me the people's filth? You are free and have your own star."  

أَنْ تُطْعِمَنِي أَوْسَاخَ النَّاسِ؟ أَنْتَ حُرٌّ وَلَكَ نَجْمُكَ  

[Machine] About the Prophet ﷺ , {And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you} [An-Nur 33]. Rabiu al-Mukatabah said, and according to the narration of Abu Abdullah, he said, "A fourth (of the wealth) is left for the mukatabah." Hujjaj ibn Muhammad said, Ibn Juraij said, and more than one person told me that they heard this hadith from Ata' ibn As-Sa'ib, that he did not elevate it to the Prophet ﷺ . Ibn Juraij said, and he raised it to me.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] قَالَ رُبْعُ الْمُكَاتَبَةِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ يَتْرُكُ لِلْمُكَاتَبِ الرُّبُعَ زَادَ حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَأَخْبَرَنِي غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِمَّنْ سَمِعَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ مِنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَرْفَعْهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ وَرَفَعَهُ لِي  

[Machine] From Ali (may Allah be pleased with him), regarding His saying, "And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you." (Surah An-Nur 33), a quarter of the scholars said, "This is the correct opinion and it is suspended, and likewise ..."  

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] قَالَ رُبُعُ الْكِتَابَةِ هَذَا هُوَ الصَّحِيحُ مَوْقُوفًا وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] Ali said, regarding the statement "And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you" [Surah An-Nur 33]. Ar-Rubu' said, and in the narration of Abi Awanah, Ar-Rubu' mentioned it in his writings.  

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] قَالَ الرُّبُعُ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي عَوَانَةَ الرُّبُعُ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ  

[Machine] I witnessed Abu Abdurrahman As-Sulami, a writer, providing a loan to someone for four thousand [currency units] and placing conditions upon him. If he fails to repay, it will be considered a debt in enslavement. What I have taken from him is for me, and he waived the remaining thousand from the four thousand. He said, "I heard your friend Ali saying, 'And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you.'" (Quran 24:33) A quarter [of the wealth].  

شَهِدْتُ أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السُّلَمِيَّ كَاتَبَ عَبْدًا لَهُ عَلَى أَرْبَعَةِ آلَافٍ وَشَرَطَ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ عَجَزَ فَهُوَ رَدٌّ فِي الرِّقِّ وَمَا أَخَذْتُ فَهُوَ لِي وَوَضَعَ عَنْهُ الْأَلْفَ الْبَاقِيَ مِنَ الْأَرْبَعَةِ وَقَالَ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ خَلِيلَكَ عَلِيًّا ؓ يَقُولُ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] الرُّبُعُ  

[Machine] That Umar was a writer for a slave named Abu Umamah, who came to him with his star when it appeared, so he said, "Go and seek its help in your correspondence." He said, "O Commander of the Believers, if you leave it until it is the last star." He said, "I am afraid that I will not be able to reach that." Then he recited, "And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you." [An-Nur 33] Ikrimah said, "He was the first star to be fulfilled in Islam."  

أَنَّ عُمَرَ ؓ كَاتَبَ عَبْدًا لَهُ يُكْنَى بِأَبِي أُمَيَّةَ فَجَاءَهُ بِنَجْمِهِ حِينَ حَلَّ فَقَالَ اذْهَبْ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِهِ فِي مُكَاتَبَتِكَ فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ لَوْ تَرَكْتَهُ حَتَّى يَكُونَ آخِرَ نَجْمٍ قَالَ إِنِّي أَخَافُ أَلَّا أُدْرِكَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] قَالَ عِكْرِمَةُ وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ نَجْمٍ أُدِّيَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ  

[Machine] It is the saying of Allah "And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you." [An-Nur 33]  

هُوَ قَوْلُ اللهِ ﷻ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33]  

[Machine] He wrote a servant for him with thirty-five thousand and left five thousand of them. I think he said from their last words, "similarly."  

أَنَّهُ كَاتَبَ عَبْدًا لَهُ بِخَمْسَةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا وَوَضَعَ عَنْهُ خَمْسَةَ آلَافٍ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ مِنْ آخِرِ نُجُومِهِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِهِمَا سَوَاءٌ  

[Machine] He is said to have a credit of 35,000 dirhams. He added 5,000 dirhams to his last written amount. It is not mentioned whether Nafe' gave him something other than what he added.  

يُقَالُ لَهُ شَرَفٌ عَلَى خَمْسَةٍ وَثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَوَضَعَ لَهُ مِنْ آخِرِ كِتَابَتِهِ خَمْسَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ نَافِعٌ أَنَّهُ أَعْطَاهُ شَيْئًا غَيْرَ الَّذِي وَضَعَ لَهُ  

[Machine] Translation: Ibn Abbas said about his statement "And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you" [al-Nur 33], he says, "Excuse them from their debts."  

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] يَقُولُ ضَعُوا عَنْهُمْ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِمْ  

[Machine] So I brought him my writings, and he replied to me with two hundred Dirhams.  

فَأَتَيْتُهُ بِمُكَاتَبَتِي فَرَدَّ عَلَيَّ مِائَتَيْ دِرْهَمٍ  

[Machine] To leave behind anything from the last correspondence, 21678. He said, "Hushaym narrated to us from Ibn Awn from Ibn Sireen something similar to this.  

أَنْ يَكُونَ مَا تَرَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ مِنْ آخِرِ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ 21678 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا هُشَيْمٌ عَنِ ابْنِ عَوْنٍ عَنِ ابْنِ سِيرِينَ مِثْلَهُ  

[Machine] In his statement {And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you} [An-Nur 33], he said that they were amazed by a man leaving a group of his correspondences for them. And Ibn Abi Najih narrated from Mujahid regarding his statement {And give them from the wealth of Allah which He has given you} [An-Nur 33], he said that he would leave some of the correspondences.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] قَالَ كَانَ يُعْجِبُهُمْ أَنْ يَدَعَ الرَّجُلُ لِمُكَاتَبِهِ طَائِفَةً مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ وَعَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَآتُوهُمْ مِنْ مَالِ اللهِ الَّذِي آتَاكُمْ} [النور 33] قَالَ يَتْرُكُ طَائِفَةً مِنَ الْمُكَاتَبَةِ  

[Machine] I said to him, "Do you mean that the gifts of the scribes will die, while he has free children who will continue to issue more than what remains of his writing?" He said, "He will spend what remains of his writing, and whatever is left will be for his children as a favor." So I said, "Have you heard this from someone?" He said, "It is claimed that Ali ibn Abi Talib used to do this."  

قُلْتُ لَهُ يَعْنِي لِعَطَاءٍ الْمُكَاتَبُ يَمُوتُ وَلَهُ وَلَدٌ أَحْرَارٌ وَيَدَعُ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ؟ قَالَ يَقْضِي عَنْهُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ فَضْلٍ فَلِبَنِيهِ فَقُلْتُ أَبَلَغَكَ هَذَا عَنْ أَحَدٍ؟ قَالَ زَعَمُوا أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ كَانَ يَقْضِي بِهِ  

[Machine] He used to say that what is upon him will be settled, then what remains will be for his sons. Amr ibn Dinar said, "I do not see it for his sons." Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said that he means it for his master, and Allah knows best. With the saying of Amr ibn Dinar, this is what we say, and it is the saying of Zaid ibn Thabit. As for what is narrated from Ata that he received it from Ali ibn Abi Talib, he narrated from him that he used to say in regards to the written contracts, "He frees the enslaved person in accordance with what he paid, and I do not know if it is valid for him or not?" And we only mention the saying of Zaid about it.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ يُقْضَى عَنْهُ مَا عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ لِبَنِيهِ مَا بَقِيَ وَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ مَا أَرَاهُ لِبَنِيهِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَعْنِي أَنَّهُ لِسَيِّدِهِ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ وَبِقَوْلِ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ هَذَا نَقُولُ وَهُوَ قَوْلُ زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ فَأَمَّا مَا رُوِيَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ أَنَّهُ بَلَغَهُ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ فَهُوَ رَوَى عَنْهُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِ يَعْتِقُ مِنْهُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى وَلَا أَدْرِي أَيَثْبُتُ عَنْهُ أَمْ لَا؟ وَإِنَّمَا نَقُولُ بِقَوْلِ زَيْدٍ فِيهِ  

[Machine] And Ali ibn Abi Talib said, "He frees [a slave] according to what he has given [in charity]."  

وَقَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ يَعْتِقُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى  

[Machine] Zaid ibn Thabit used to say, "The mukatab (a slave with a written contract to buy his freedom) is a slave who has no remaining dirham that can be inherited or inherited from. On the other hand, Ali used to say, 'When the mukatab dies and leaves wealth, what he has paid and what remains should be divided. Whatever he has paid goes to his heirs, and whatever remains goes to his patrons.' Abdullah used to say, 'What remains of his mukatabah (the contract for buying freedom) should be given to his patrons, and what remains of his inheritance should be given to his heirs.'"  

كَانَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ؓ يَقُولُ الْمُكَاتَبُ عَبْدٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ دِرْهَمٌ لَا يَرِثُ وَلَا يُورَثُ وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ يَقُولُ إِذَا مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَتَرَكَ مَالًا قُسِّمَ مَا تَرَكَ عَلَى مَا أَدَّى وَعَلَى مَا بَقِيَ فَمَا أَصَابَ مَا أَدَّى فَلِلْوَرَثَةِ وَمَا أَصَابَ مَا بَقِيَ فَلِمَوَالِيهِ وَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللهِ ؓ يَقُولُ يُؤَدَّى إِلَى مَوَالِيهِ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ وَلِوَرَثَتِهِ مَا بَقِيَ  

[Machine] If the scribe dies after completing part of his writing and leaving behind wealth, then his wealth and whatever he has left is for his master, not for his heirs.  

إِذَا مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَقَدْ أَدَّى طَائِفَةً مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ وَتَرَكَ مَالًا هُوَ أَفْضَلَ مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ قَالَ مَالُهُ وَمَا تَرَكَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ لِسَيِّدِهِ لَيْسَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ مِنْ مَالِهِ شَيْءٌ  

[Machine] He had businesses and from his businesses he had a son from a woman. He had already paid fifteen thousand from his writings. Then he died and all his wealth was taken and he did not leave anything for his son. He sought after his son and took his wealth.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ لَهُ مُكَاتَبٌ وَلِمُكَاتَبِهِ وَلَدٌ مِنْ وَلِيدَةٍ لَهُ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدَّى مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا فَمَاتَ فَقَبَضَ مَالَهُ كُلَّهُ وَلَمْ يَجْعَلْ لِوَلَدِهِ شَيْئًا وَاسْتَرَقَّ وَلَدَهُ وَقَبَضَ مَالَهُ  

[Machine] 'Umar ibn al-Khattab, may Allah be pleased with him, said: "If a slave dies and leaves behind wealth, then it belongs to his emancipator and not his heirs."  

قَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ إِذَا مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَتَرَكَ مَالًا فَهُوَ لِمَوَالِيهِ وَلَيْسَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ شَيْءٌ  

[Machine] Muawiyah used to say that when a scribe dies and leaves behind unpaid debts, his estate should be given to his followers, while any remaining should go to his heirs. On the other hand, Umar used to say that he is just a servant and when he dies, he will not have a single dirham left.  

أَنَّ مُعَاوِيَةَ ؓ كَانَ يَقُولُ إِذَا مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَتَرَكَ وَفَاءً يُعْطَى مَوَالِيهِ مَالَهُمْ وَمَا بَقِيَ كَانَ لِوَرَثَتِهِ وَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يَقُولُ هُوَ عَبْدٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ دِرْهَمٌ  

[Machine] I said to him, "Do you mean that for a man who bankrupts my offices and leaves people with debts that he couldn't repay, I should begin by giving people their rights before writing?" He replied, "Yes." And 'Amru bin Dinar said it to me, Ibn Juraij said, "I said to 'Ata: Is he not obligated to pay them off with any of his wealth that he has left from his own earnings?" He replied, "No." Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "So let us understand from this that when a debtor dies with a debt upon him, we begin with the debts owed to the people, as he passed away destitute and writing has ceased, and the master has no debt upon him and there remains no wealth for the master."  

قُلْتُ لَهُ يَعْنِي لِعَطَاءٍ أَفْلَسَ مُكَاتَبِي وَتَرَكَ مَالًا وَتَرَكَ دَيْنًا لِلنَّاسِ عَلَيْهِ لَمْ يَدَعْ لَهُ وَفَاءً أَبْدَأُ بِالْحَقِّ لِلنَّاسِ قَبْلَ كِتَابَتِي؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ وَقَالَهَا لِي عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ أَمَا أُحَاصُّهُمْ بِنَجْمٍ مِنْ نُجُومِهِ حَلَّ عَلَيْهِ أَنَّهُ قَدْ مَلَكَ عَمَلَهُ فِي سَنَتِهِ؟ قَالَ لَا قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبِهَذَا نَأْخُذُ فَإِذَا مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ بُدِئَ بِدُيُونِ النَّاسِ لِأَنَّهُ مَاتَ رَقِيقًا وَبَطَلَتِ الْكِتَابَةُ وَلَا دَيْنَ لِلسَّيِّدِ عَلَيْهِ وَمَا بَقِيَ مَالٌ لِلسَّيِّدِ  

[Machine] It starts with debt.  

يَبْدَأُ بِالدَّيْنِ  

[Machine] He said, "It starts with debt."  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ يُبْدَأُ بِالدَّيْنِ  

[Machine] "It starts with his debt."  

يُبْدَأُ بِدَيْنِهِ  

[Machine] To write without corresponding with one's companions, and if one does so, what has been received is to be returned and divided among them, and the servant is among them.  

أَنْ يُكَاتِبَ دُونَ أَصْحَابِهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ رُدَّ مَا قُبِضَ فَاقْتَسَمُوهُ وَالْعَبْدُ بَيْنَهُمْ  

[Machine] From it is taken what is taken, and it is divided among its partners. The slave is not allowed to write it. Ata' said, "The emancipation of a slave expires after he has been freed as much as he had freed."  

يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُ مَا أَخَذَ وَيُقْسَمُ بَيْنَ شُرَكَائِهِ وَالْعَبْدُ بَيْنَهُمْ لَا يَجُوزُ كِتَابَتُهُ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَطَاءٌ يَقُولُ عَلَيْهِ نَفَاذُ عِتْقِهِ قَدْرَ الَّذِي عَتَقَ  

[Machine] For one of them to correspond with the other, he must have the permission of his partner, and if he does so against his will, he has sworn an oath.  

أَنْ يُكَاتِبَ أَحَدُهُمَا إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ شَرِيكِهِ فَإِنْ فَعَلَ قَاسَمَهُ  

[Machine] Like that.  

مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] I entered into a contract for ten thousand (currency units), and it was stipulated that I should not leave. He then took me to Shurayh to resolve the dispute, and Shurayh said, "Do you want to make life difficult for yourself? Go out (leave)."  

كَاتَبْتُ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ وَشُرِطَ عَلَيَّ أَنْ لَا أَخْرُجَ فَخَاصَمَنِي إِلَى شُرَيْحٍ فَقَالَ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَضِيقَ عَلَيْكَ الدُّنْيَا؟ فَاخْرُجْ  

[Machine] Regarding Al-Sha'abi,  

عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ  

[Machine] "Let him have from the money what was agreed upon with them. Al-Shafi'i (May Allah have mercy on him) said, and we take from this that no one of the partners in the partnerships should take anything from the profits without the consent of its owner."  

أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ مِنَ الْمَالِ مِثْلُ مَا قَاطَعَ عَلَيْهِ هَؤُلَاءِ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبِهَذَا نَأْخُذُ فَلَا يَكُونُ لِأَحَدِ الشُّرَكَاءِ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِ أَنْ يَأْخُذَ مِنَ الْمُكَاتَبِ شَيْئًا دُونَ صَاحِبِهِ  

[Machine] Her son was born in her position, meaning the secretariat.  

وَلَدُهَا بِمَنْزِلَتِهَا يَعْنِي الْمُكَاتَبَةَ  

[Machine] Her son is from her, if she frees, she frees, and if she enslaves, she enslaves.  

وَلَدُهَا مِنْهَا إِنْ عَتَقَتْ عَتَقَ وَإِنْ رَقَّتْ رَقَّ  

[Machine] Her son is sold for the purpose of emancipation, and the mother seeks help from him in her chores and the saying of Shurayh is dearer to Sufyan.  

يُبَاعُ وَلَدُهَا لِلْعِتْقِ تَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ الْأُمُّ فِي مُكَاتَبَتِهَا وَقَوْلُ شُرَيْحٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَى سُفْيَانَ  

[Machine] "That which is born from a child, it is indeed written in my book, and then it is born?" They said, "It is written in his book." And 'Amr ibn Dinar said that.  

أَنَّ مَا وَلَدَتْ مِنْ وَلَدٍ فَإِنَّهُ فِي كِتَابَتِي ثُمَّ يُولَدُ؟ قَالَ هُمْ فِي كِتَابَتِهِ وَقَالَ ذَلِكَ عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ  

[Machine] "If they establish the writing of their mother, then that is for both of them. If they fulfill it, they are to be freed. This was said by 'Amr ibn Dinar."  

إِنْ أَقَامَا بِكِتَابَةِ أُمِّهِمَا فَذَلِكَ لَهُمَا فَإِنْ قَضَيَاهَا عَتَقَا وَقَالَ ذَلِكَ عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ  

[Machine] "He is a servant who has only one dirham left."  

أَنَّهُ عَبْدٌ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ دِرْهَمٌ  

[Machine] I said to 'Ata, "A man wrote for himself a slave and then cancelled the contract. Can he keep the slave and the money which he had paid?" 'Ata said, "He should return him to the owner of the slaves." 'Umru bin Dinar and Salman bin Musa said the same.  

قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ رَجُلٌ كَاتَبَ عَبْدًا لَهُ وَقَاطَعَهُ فَكَتَمَهُ مَالًا لَهُ وَعَبِيدًا وَمَالًا غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ هُوَ لِلسَّيِّدِ وَقَالَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى