71. Contracts
٧١۔ كِتَابُ الْمُكَاتَبِ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "If a slave is given a punishment or a inheritance, he will be treated in accordance with the amount that he has emancipated himself."
النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُكَاتَبُ حَدًّا أَوْ مِيرَاثًا وَرِثَ بِحِسَابِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ وَأُقِيمَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَدُّ بِحِسَابِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ
[Machine] "About the Prophet Muhammad, ﷺ , he said: "The slave is to settle a debt with a portion of what a free person would settle as a blood money, and whatever remains is the blood money of the slave." Abu 'Isa said: "Regarding what has been narrated to me from him, I asked al-Bukhari about this hadith and he said: Some of them narrated this hadith from Ayyub from 'Ikrimah from 'Ali." The Sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, said: "By this, he means the second hadith. As for the first one, it is from the individuals of Hammad."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ بِحِصَّةِ مَا أَدَّى دِيَةَ حُرٍّ وَمَا بَقِيَ دِيَةَ عَبْدٍ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي عَنْهُ سَأَلْتُ الْبُخَارِيَّ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ رَوَى بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ يَعْنِي بِهِ الْحَدِيثَ الثَّانِيَ فَأَمَّا الْأَوَّلُ فَهُوَ مِنْ أَفْرَادِ حَمَّادٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Mukatabah (manumission of slaves through a written agreement) is to be done according to what has been fulfilled." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "It is narrated from 'Ikrimah, from 'Ali, a mursal (a type of hadith chain in which the tabi'i directly narrates from the Prophet) narration, and it was also narrated by Hammam ibn Zaid and Isma'il ibn Ibrahim from Ayyub, from 'Ikrimah, from the Prophet ﷺ . And Isma'il attributed it to 'Ikrimah. Al-Bukhari, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "And it was narrated by Yahya ibn Abi Kathir, this hadith from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, from the Prophet ﷺ ." The scholar, may Allah have mercy on him, said, "And there is difference of opinion regarding its elevation (meaning the level of authenticity of this narration)."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرِوَايَةُ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ مُرْسَلَةٌ وَرَوَاهُ حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مُرْسَلًا وَجَعَلَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلُ قَوْلَ عِكْرِمَةَ قَالَ الْبُخَارِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَرَوَى يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ وَاخْتُلِفَ عَلَيْهِ فِي رَفْعِهِ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "The compensatory gift should be paid according to the value of the slave being freed, and also according to the value of the slave who has been killed unjustly." Abu Dawud added in his narration, "Ali and Marwan both said the same thing." Abu Ali At-Tughlabi said, "So I asked Ahmad Ibn Hanbal about this hadith, and he said, 'I refer to the hadith of Barirah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered her to remain under the ruling of slavery until he ordered her freedom. And likewise..."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ بِقَدْرِ مَا عَتَقَ مِنْهُ دِيَةَ الْحُرِّ وَبِقَدْرِ مَا رَقَّ مِنْهُ دِيَةَ الْعَبْدِ زَادَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَمَرْوَانُ يَقُولَانِ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ التَّغْلِبِيُّ فَسَأَلْتُ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ حَنْبَلٍ عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ أَنَا أَذْهَبُ إِلَى حَدِيثِ بَرِيرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِشِرَائِهَا يَعْنِي أَنَّهَا بَقِيَتْ عَلَى حُكْمِ الرِّقِّ حَتَّى أَمَرَ بِشِرَائِهَا وَكَذَلِكَ
[Machine] The offices inherit according to what they have achieved.
الْمُكَاتَبُ يَرِثُ بِقَدْرِ مَا أَدَّى
[Machine] Abdullah said, "When the slave pays the value of his neck, he becomes free."
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ إِذَا أَدَّى الْمُكَاتَبُ قِيمَةَ رَقَبَتِهِ فَهُوَ غَرِيمٌ
[Machine] Abdullah said, "If the debtor pays one-third or one-fourth, then he is still liable."
قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ إِذَا أَدَّى الْمُكَاتَبُ ثُلُثًا أَوْ رُبُعًا فَهُوَ غَرِيمٌ