[Machine] I said to Ata', "If the master asked him about his money and he concealed it?" He replied, "He should tell his master." Ibn Juraij said, "I said to Ata', "What if he concealed it and he had a child from his slave, or if the master did not ask him?" He replied, "He should still tell his master." Amr ibn Dinar and Sulaiman ibn Musa said it as well." Ibn Juraij said, "I said to him, "What if the master knew about the slave's child and neither the master nor the slave mentioned it in writing?" He replied, "It is not the responsibility of his master's wealth in writing." Amr ibn Dinar said it too.  

قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ السَّيِّدُ قَدْ سَأَلَهُ مَالَهُ فَكَتَمَهُ؟ قَالَ هُوَ لِسَيِّدِهِ قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ فَكَتَمَهُ وَلَدًا لَهُ مِنْ أَمَةٍ لَهُ أَوْ لَمْ يَسْأَلْهُ قَالَ هُوَ لِسَيِّدِهِ وَقَالَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ وَسُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ مُوسَى قَالَ ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ كَانَ سَيِّدُهُ قَدْ عَلِمَ بِوَلَدِ الْعَبْدِ فَلَمْ يَذْكُرْهُ السَّيِّدُ وَلَا الْعَبْدُ عِنْدَ الْكِتَابَةِ ؟ قَالَ فَلَيْسَ فِي كِتَابَتِهِ هُوَ مَالُ سَيِّدِهِمَا وَقَالَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ  

[Machine] "That the man accepted it, so he accepted it."  

أَنِ اقْبَلْهَا مِنَ الرَّجُلِ فَقَبِلَهَا  

[Machine] A woman from the tribe of Banu Layth bought me in the market of Dhi-al-Majaz for seven hundred dirhams. Then I arrived in Al-Madinah and she wrote me a contract for forty thousand dirhams, which I paid to her in full. Then I carried what remained to her and said, "This is your property, so take it." She said, "No, I will not take it from you until I take it from you month by month and year by year." So I went with her to Umar ibn Al-Khattab and mentioned this to him. Umar said, "Pay it to the treasury, then send her a message saying, 'This is your property in the treasury, and Abu Sa'id has been emancipated. If you wish, take it month by month and year by year.'" He said that she sent the message, and she took it. Abu Bakr an-Naysaburi said, "This is a good Hadith."  

اشْتَرَتْنِي امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي لَيْثٍ بِسُوقِ ذِي الْمَجَازِ بِسَبْعِمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ فَكَاتَبَتْنِي عَلَى أَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ فَأَدَّيْتُ إِلَيْهَا عَامَّةَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ حَمَلْتُ مَا بَقِيَ إِلَيْهَا فَقُلْتُ هَذَا مَالُكِ فَاقْبِضِيهِ قَالَتْ لَا وَاللهِ حَتَّى آخُذُهُ مِنْكَ شَهْرًا بِشَهْرٍ وَسَنَةً بِسَنَةٍ فَخَرَجْتُ بِهِ إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ ادْفَعْهُ إِلَى بَيْتِ الْمَالِ ثُمَّ بَعَثَ إِلَيْهَا فَقَالَ هَذَا مَالُكِ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ وَقَدْ عَتَقَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ فَإِنْ شِئْتِ فَخُذِي شَهْرًا بِشَهْرٍ وَسَنَةً بِسَنَةٍ قَالَ فَأَرْسَلَتْ فَأَخَذَتْهُ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ  

[Machine] A man hired a boy as a scribe and paid him in stars. He asked the boy for all of his notes, but the boy refused to give them to him unless he paid in stars. So, the boy went to Umar and Umar sent him back to his master. He offered to give the boy the payment he had asked for, but the boy still refused. Umar then said that he would throw the notes into the treasury, and told the master to take them as stars. He then told the scribe to go wherever he pleased.  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا كَاتَبَ غُلَامًا لَهُ فَنَجَّمَهَا نُجُومًا فَأَتَى بِمُكَاتَبَتِهِ كُلِّهَا فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَهَا إِلَّا نُجُومًا فَأَتَى الْمُكَاتَبُ عُمَرَ ؓ فَأَرْسَلَ عُمَرُ ؓ إِلَى مَوْلَاهُ فَجَاءَ فَعَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَهَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَإِنِّي أَطْرَحُهَا فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ وَقَالَ لِلْمَوْلَى خُذْهَا نُجُومًا وَقَالَ لِلْمُكَاتَبِ اذْهَبْ حَيْثُ شِئْتَ  

[Machine] "And he said, 'Throw it in the treasury and I will give it to you in the form of stars.' So when he saw that, he took it and Ibn Al-Mubarak said, 'Sa'eed narrated to us from Qatadah from Uthman, something similar to this is what Uthman said."  

وَقَالَ أَلْقِهِ فِي بَيْتِ الْمَالِ فَأَدْفَعُهُ إِلَيْكَ نُجُومًا فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ أَخَذَهُ وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ عَنْ عُثْمَانَ ؓ نَحْوَهُ كَذَا قَالَ عُثْمَانُ ؓ  

[Machine] He used to say about a man who writes to his servant with gold or paper, making stars appear on it for him, that he used to dislike when he says "Hurry up and bring me this and that" so there would be none left for him.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُكَاتِبُ عَبْدَهُ بِالذَّهَبِ أَوِ الْوَرِقِ يُنَجِّمُهَا عَلَيْهِ نُجُومًا أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ عَجِّلْ لِي مِنْهَا كَذَا وَكَذَا فَمَا بَقِيَ فَلَكَ  

[Machine] "Say 'Hurry up for me' and I will remove it from you."  

أَنْ يَقُولَ عَجِّلْ لِي وَأَضَعُ عَنْكَ  

[Machine] Our companions understood the meaning of hurry up for me, and I will set you free for it and waive your writing, so there is no harm.  

أَصْحَابُنَا مَعْنَاهُ عَجِّلْ لِي مَا شِئْتَ وَأُعْتِقُكَ عَلَيْهِ وَأَضَعُ عَنْكَ كِتَابَتَكَ فَلَا بَأْسَ  

[Machine] Because it is interest/profit/gain.  

لِأَنَّهُ رِبًا  

[Machine] The man takes offers from his offices.  

يَأْخُذَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ مُكَاتَبِهِ الْعُرُوضَ  

[Machine] The man takes offers from his offices.  

يَأْخُذَ الرَّجُلَ مِنْ مُكَاتَبِهِ عُرُوضًا  

[Machine] "That it is not permissible for the servant to make a bequest or a gift except with the permission of his master."  

أَنَّ الْمُكَاتَبَ لَا يَجُوزُ لَهُ وَصِيَّةٌ وَلَا هِبَةٌ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ مَوْلَاهُ  

[Machine] Muhammad ibn Abi Adi in this hadith used to say, "The slave cannot free himself nor give a gift except with the permission of his master."  

مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ كَانُوا يَقُولُونَ الْمُكَاتَبُ لَا يَعْتِقُ وَلَا يَهَبُ إِلَّا بِإِذْنِ مَوْلَاهُ  

[Machine] I said to 'Ata, "There was a servant for the scribes who wrote for him. Then he died, so who does his inheritance belong to?" He replied, "Those before you used to say that it belongs to the one who hired him to assist him in his writing."  

قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ كَانَ لِلْمُكَاتَبِ عَبْدٌ فَكَاتَبَهُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ لِمَنْ مِيرَاثُهُ؟ قَالَ كَانَ مَنْ قَبْلَكُمْ يَقُولُونَ هُوَ لِلَّذِي كَاتَبَهُ يَسْتَعِينُ بِهِ فِي كِتَابَتِهِ  

[Machine] About the offices they carry out half of their writing, then the offices write to their servant, then both of them strive, and the servant of the offices completes his writing, then the first one of them becomes helpless. Will he return as a slave or is it permissible to free him with what he has paid to his master? They said, if his master is the first one of them, then he allows him to write to him, so there is no way for him, otherwise he remains in his position.  

عَنِ الْمُكَاتَبِ يَقْضِي نِصْفَ كِتَابَتِهِ ثُمَّ يُكَاتِبُ الْمُكَاتَبُ غُلَامًا لَهُ ثُمَّ يَسْعَيَانِ جَمِيعًا فَيَقْضِي غُلَامُ الْمُكَاتَبِ كِتَابَتَهُ ثُمَّ يَعْجَزُ الْأَوَّلُ مِنْهُمَا أَيُرَدُّ عَبْدًا أَمْ يَجُوزُ عَتَاقَهُ بِمَا أَدَّى إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ؟ قَالَا إِنْ كَانَ سَيِّدُهُ الْأَوَّلُ مِنْهُمَا أَذِنَ لَهُ أَنْ يُكَاتِبَهُ فَلَا سَبِيلَ عَلَيْهِ وَإِلَّا فَهُوَ بِمَنْزِلَتِهِ  

Aisha said, "Barira came to me and said, 'I have agreed with my masters to pay them nine Uqiyas (of gold) (in installments) one Uqiya per year; please help me.' I said, 'I am ready to pay the whole amount now provided your masters agree that your Wala' will be for me.' So, Barira went to her masters and told them about that offer but they refused to accept it. She returned, and at that time, Messenger of Allah ﷺ was sitting (present). Barira said, 'I told them of the offer but they did not accept it and insisted on having the Wala'.' The Prophet ﷺ heard that." ʿAisha narrated the whole story to the Prophet. He said to her, "Buy her and stipulate that her Wala' would be yours as the Wala' is for the manumitter." ʿAisha did so. Then Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood up in front of the people, and after glorifying Allah he said, "Amma Baʿdu (i.e. then after)! What about the people who impose conditions which are not in Allah's Book (Laws)? Any condition that is not in Allah's Book (Laws) is invalid even if they were one hundred conditions, for Allah's decisions are the right ones and His conditions are the strong ones (firmer) and the Wala' will be for the manumitter." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2168)   

إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ فَأَعِينِينِي فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ وَيَكُونَ وَلَاؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا فَجَاءَتْ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَهْلِهَا وَرَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ جَالِسٌ فَقَالَتْ إِنِّي قَدْ عَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ ذَلِكَ فَأَبَوْا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُمْ فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهَا فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ فَقَالَ خُذِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ فَفَعَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي النَّاسِ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ؟ مَا كَانَ مِنْ شَرْطٍ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ قَضَاءُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ وَشَرْطُ اللهِ أَوْثَقُ وَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

[Machine] Once, I freed a slave woman. When Barirah mentioned this to her family, they said, "Your loyalty should be towards us." Malik said, "Yahya claims that Aisha mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said, 'That should not prevent you from buying and freeing her. Loyalty is only for the one who emancipates.'"  

صَبَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأُعْتِقَكِ فَعَلْتُ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَرِيرَةُ لِأَهْلِهَا فَقَالُوا لَا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ وَلَاؤُكِ لَنَا قَالَ مَالِكٌ قَالَ يَحْيَى فَزَعَمَتْ عَمْرَةُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ ؓ ذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَا يَمْنَعْكِ ذَلِكَ اشْتَرِيهَا وَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

[Machine] So I mentioned that to the messenger of Allah ﷺ , and he said, "Buy her and set her free, for true loyalty is for the one who sets free. Then he addressed the people, saying, "What is wrong with some people who set conditions that are not in the Book of Allah? Whoever sets a condition that is not in the Book of Allah, it is not valid for him, even if he sets it a hundred times." Abu Abdullah Al-Haafiz told us, Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub informed us, An-Nabee' informed Ash-Shaafi'i, who said, "This narration is from Yahya, from Amrah, from Aisha. I consider it a mistake in his statement 'and you set the condition of loyalty for them,' and I consider the narration of Amrah to say that she set that condition for them without the order of the Prophet ﷺ , and she believed that it was permissible. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ informed her that if she sets her free, the loyalty is for her, and he said, "What you have previously stipulated does not prevent you from doing so. And I do not see her setting a condition for them that is not permissible." The scholar (may Allah have mercy on him) said, "The narration of Amrah from Aisha is a sound narration, for it is confirmed."  

فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ اشْتَرِيهَا فَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ثُمَّ خَطَبَ النَّاسَ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ أَقْوَامٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ؟ فَمَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَإِنِ اشْتَرَطَ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ 21725 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثنا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ أَنْبَأَ الرَّبِيعُ أَنْبَأَ الشَّافِعِيُّ قَالَ حَدِيثُ يَحْيَى عَنْ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَثْبَتُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ وَأَحْسِبُهُ غَلَطَ فِي قَوْلِهِ وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ وَأَحْسِبُ حَدِيثَ عَمْرَةَ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ كَانَتْ شَرَطَتْ ذَلِكَ لَهُمْ بِغَيْرِ أَمْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَهِيَ تَرَى ذَلِكَ يَجُوزُ فَأَعْلَمَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنَّهَا إِنْ أَعْتَقَتْهَا فَالْوَلَاءُ لَهَا وَقَالَ لَا يَمْنَعْكِ عَنْهَا مَا تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ شَرْطِكِ وَلَا أَرَى أَمَرَهَا تَشْتَرِطُ لَهُمْ مَا لَا يَجُوزُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ حَدِيثُ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ حَدِيثٌ ثَابِتٌ فَقَدْ  

[Machine] "The messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Buy it, for loyalty is only granted to those who set free.'"  

تَشْتَرِطَ لَنَا الْوَلَاءَ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ اشْتَرِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ 21727 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أنبأ أَبُو الْوَلِيدِ الْفَقِيهُ ثنا قَاسِمٌ الْمُطَرِّزُ ثنا يُوسُفُ بْنُ مُوسَى ثنا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَمْرَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ أَتَتْنِي بَرِيرَةُ تَسْتَعِينُنِي فِي كِتَابَتِهَا فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ 21728 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا قَاسِمٌ الْمُطَرِّزُ ثنا بُنْدَارٌ ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ عَمْرَةَ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَهُ 21729 قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا قَاسِمٌ الْمُطَرِّزُ ثنا بُنْدَارٌ ثنا عَبْدُ الْوَهَّابِ عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ بِنَحْوِهِ  

[Machine] She pledged her loyalty to us, so Aisha mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He replied, "Let that not stop you, for loyalty is only for those who set others free."  

وَلَاءَهَا لَنَا فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ عَائِشَةُ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَا يَمْنَعْكِ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

[Machine] They will have loyalty, so she mentioned that to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , so he said to her, "Do not be prevented by that, for loyalty is only for those who have been freed."  

يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءُ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَا يَمْنَعْكِ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

[Machine] It is narrated that a person bought a female slave to set her free, but her owners set a condition for her freedom. This was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said, "Buy her and set her free, as loyalty is only for those who free slaves."  

تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ لِلْعِتْقِ وَأَنَّهُمُ اشْتَرَطُوا وَلَاءَهَا فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ اشْتَرِيهَا وَأَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

Return to your people ; if you like that I make payment for the purchase of your freedom on your behalf and I shall have the right to inherit from you, I shall do so. Barirah mentioned it to her people, but they refused and said: If she wants to purchase your freedom for reward from Allah, she may do so, but the right to inherit from her shall be ours. She mentioned it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Purchase her (freedom) and set her free, for the right of inheritance belongs to only to the one who set a person free. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then stood up and said: If anyone makes a condition which is not in Allah's Book, he has no right to it, even if he stipulates it hundred times. Allah's condition is more valid and binding. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3929)   

عَائِشَةَ ؓ تَسْتَعِينُهَا فِي كِتَابَتِهَا وَلَمْ تَكُنْ قَضَتْ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهَا شَيْئًا فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ ارْجِعِي إِلَى أَهْلِكِ فَإِنْ أَحَبُّوا أَنْ أَقْضِيَ عَنْكِ كِتَابَتَكِ وَيَكُونَ وَلَاؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَرِيرَةُ لِأَهْلِهَا فَأَبَوْا وَقَالُوا إِنْ شَاءَتْ أَنْ تَحْتَسِبَ عَلَيْكِ فَلْتَفْعَلْ وَيَكُونَ لَنَا وَلَاؤُكِ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ابْتَاعِي وَأَعْتِقِي فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مَا بَالُ أُنَاسٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ؟ مَنِ اشْتَرَطَ شَرْطًا لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ فَلَيْسَ لَهُ وَإِنْ شَرَطَهُ مِائَةَ مَرَّةٍ شَرْطُ اللهِ أَحَقُّ وَأَوْثَقُ  

[Machine] He bought a camel, but they demanded loyalty in return. She mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Buy it, loyalty is for the one who frees."  

تَشْتَرِيَ بَرِيرَةَ فَاشْتَرَطُوا عَلَيْهَا الْوَلَاءَ فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اشْتَرِيهَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ  

[Machine] I bought a female slave and her family stipulated her freedom. I mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ and he said, "Set her free, for loyalty belongs to the one who sets free." So, I freed her. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then called her and gave her a choice between staying with her husband or leaving him. She said, "If he gives me such and such amount, which he does not possess, I will choose myself." And her husband was a free man.  

اشْتَرَيْتُ بَرِيرَةَ فَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا وَلَاءَهَا فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَعْتِقِيهَا فَإِنَّ الْوَلَاءَ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ قَالَتْ فَأَعْتَقْتُهَا قَالَتْ فَدَعَاهَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَخَيَّرَهَا مِنْ زَوْجِهَا فَقَالَتْ لَوْ أَعْطَانِي كَذَا وَكَذَا مَا ثَبَتُّ عِنْدَهُ فَاخْتَارَتْ نَفْسَهَا وَكَانَ زَوْجُهَا حُرًّا  

[Machine] "Buy me, O Mother of the Believers, for my family wants to sell me, so free me." In another narration of Abu Nu'aym, "Buy me and free me." I said, "Yes." She said, "My family will not sell me until they stipulate my allegiance." She said, "I have no need for you." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ heard this or was informed of it, so he said, "What is the matter with Barirah?" She informed him. In another narration of Abu Nu'aym, it mentions that he mentioned it to Aishah, and Aishah mentioned what she had said to him. He said, "Buy her and free her, and let them stipulate whatever they want." In another narration of Abu Nu'aym, it says, "Invite them and let them stipulate whatever they want." Aishah said, "So I freed her, and her family stipulated allegiance." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Allegiance is for whoever frees (a slave), even if they stipulate one hundred conditions." Khaladdun added in his narration, "You are the client of Ibn Abi Amr."  

اشْتَرِينِي يَا أُمَّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَإِنَّ أَهْلِي يَبِيعُونَنِي فَأَعْتِقِينِي وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ اشْتَرِينِي فَأَعْتِقِينِي قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَتْ إِنَّ أَهْلِي لَا يَبِيعُونِي حَتَّى يَشْتَرِطُوا وَلَائِي فَقَالَتْ لَا حَاجَةَ لِي بِكِ فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَوْ بَلَغَهُ فَقَالَ مَا شَأْنُ بَرِيرَةَ؟ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لِعَائِشَةَ فَذَكَرَتْ عَائِشَةُ مَا قَالَتْ لَهَا فَقَالَ اشْتَرِيهَا فَأَعْتِقِيهَا وَلْيَشْتَرِطُوا مَا شَاءُوا وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ فَدَعِيهِمْ فَلْيَشْتَرِطُوا مَا شَاءُوا قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ فَأَعْتَقْتُهَا وَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا الْوَلَاءَ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَبِي نُعَيْمٍ فَاشْتَرَتْهَا عَائِشَةُ فَأَعْتَقَتْهَا وَاشْتَرَطَ أَهْلُهَا الْوَلَاءَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ وَإِنِ اشْتَرَطُوا مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ زَادَ خَلَّادٌ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ فَأَنْتَ مَوْلَى ابْنِ أَبِي عَمْرٍو  

[Machine] I heard Al-Shafi'i say in a narration of the Prophet ﷺ , where he said to her, "Stipulate allegiance for them." The meaning of "stipulate allegiance" is to stipulate allegiance upon them. Allah says, "Those are the ones upon whom is the curse." (Surah Ar-Ra'd 13:25) meaning, the curse is upon them. The shaikh may Allah have mercy on him said, the first answer is the most correct, and the correctness of this wording is open to interpretation, and Allah knows best.  

سَمِعْتُ الشَّافِعِيَّ يَقُولُ فِي حَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ حَيْثُ قَالَ لَهَا اشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ مَعْنَاهُ اشْتَرِطِي عَلَيْهِمُ الْوَلَاءَ قَالَ اللهُ ﷻ {أُولَئِكَ لَهُمُ اللَّعْنَةُ} [الرعد 25] يَعْنِي عَلَيْهِمُ اللَّعْنَةُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَالْجَوَابُ الْأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ وَفِي صِحَّةِ هَذِهِ اللَّفْظَةِ نَظَرٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] From Ibn Mas'ood, he used to dislike selling slaves.  

عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ كَانَ يَكْرَهُ بَيْعَ الْمُكَاتَبِ  

[Machine] And in it, a man from the tribe of Quraiza among the Jews came and bought me from my companion who I was with. He took me with him until we reached the city (Medina). He mentioned the narration and that he narrated it to the Prophet ﷺ with his narration. When he finished, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Salman, write." So I wrote.  

وَقَالَ فِيهَا قَدِمَ وَادِيَ الْقُرَى رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ مِنْ يَهُودَ فَابْتَاعَنِي مِنْ صَاحِبِي الَّذِي كُنْتُ عِنْدَهُ فَخَرَجَ بِي حَتَّى قَدِمَ بِي الْمَدِينَةَ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَأَنَّهُ حَدَّثَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ بِحَدِيثِهِ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ كَاتِبْ يَا سَلْمَانُ فَكَاتَبْتُ  

[Machine] The crime of the offices begins with it on his neck.  

جِنَايَةُ الْمُكَاتَبِ فِي رَقَبَتِهِ يَبْدَأُ بِهَا  

[Machine] His surgery is the surgery of a slave  

جِرَاحَتُهُ جِرَاحَةُ عَبْدٍ  

[Machine] The surgery of offices is the surgery of a slave.  

جِرَاحَةُ الْمُكَاتَبِ جِرَاحَةُ عَبْدٍ  

[Machine] "To perform" or "to execute"  

أَنْ يُؤَدِّيَ  

[Machine] We asked Ibn Taymiyyah, "What did your father used to say about a man who writes to another man, then dies, and the daughter inherits that written correspondence, fulfills it, and then she is freed and dies?" He replied, "He used to say that her loyalty lies with her father, and he used to say, 'I did not think anyone would disagree with this among the people, and I am surprised by their saying that she has no loyalty'."  

قُلْنَا لِابْنِ طَاوُسٍ كَيْفَ كَانَ أَبُوكَ يَقُولُ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُكَاتِبُ الرَّجُلَ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ فَتَرِثُ ابْنَتُهُ ذَلِكَ الْمُكَاتَبَ فَيؤَدِّي كِتَابَتَهُ ثُمَّ يُعْتَقُ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ؟ قَالَ كَانَ يَقُولُ وَلَاؤُهُ لَهَا وَيَقُولُ مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنْ يُخَالِفَ عَنْ ذَلِكَ أَحَدٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَيَعْجَبُ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ لَيْسَ لَهَا وَلَاءٌ  

[Machine] I said to Ata', a man died leaving behind two sons and some letters. The letters went to one of them, then he divided his inheritance according to what was written in the letters. After that, the man who had the letters died. Who will inherit him? He said, both of them will inherit him. Amr ibn Dinar said that Ata' changed his opinion and returned it to the one who wrote the letters. I repeated it to him and he said it more than once. Al-Shafi'i, may Allah have mercy on him, said the same as Ata' and Amr ibn Dinar, we say about the letters that the man writes them and then the master dies. Then the letters are fulfilled according to the writing, and he is freed by the writing. Verily, his loyalty is to the one who contracted the writing. The sheikh, may Allah have mercy on him, did not say about the division of the letters that it is permissible. He said, "Previously, the division is a sale, and the sale of the letters is not permissible."  

قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ رَجُلٌ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ ابْنَيْنِ لَهُ وَتَرَكَ مُكَاتَبًا فَصَارَ الْمُكَاتَبُ لِأَحَدِهِمَا ثُمَّ قَضَى كِتَابَتَهُ لِلَّذِي صَارَ لَهُ فِي الْمِيرَاثِ ثُمَّ مَاتَ الْمُكَاتَبُ مَنْ يَرِثُهُ؟ قَالَ يَرِثَانِهِ جَمِيعًا وَقَالَهَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ رَجَعَ وَلَاؤُهُ إِلَى الَّذِي كَاتَبَهُ فَرَدَدْتُهَا عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ ذَلِكَ غَيْرَ مَرَّةٍ قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَبِقَوْلِ عَطَاءٍ وَعَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ نَقُولُ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِ يُكَاتِبُهُ الرَّجُلُ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ السَّيِّدُ ثُمَّ يُؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ فَيُعْتَقُ بِالْكِتَابَةِ إِنَّ وَلَاءَهُ لِلَّذِي عَقَدَ كِتَابَتَهُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ وَلَمْ يَقُلْ بِقَوْلِهِ فِي قِسْمَةِ الْمُكَاتَبِ قَالَ مِنْ قَبْلُ إِنَّ الْقَسْمَ بَيْعٌ وَبَيْعُ الْمُكَاتَبِ لَا يَجُوزُ  

[Machine] About a man named Ata' who dies while having a slave and both male and female children. He was asked: "Do the women and men inherit from what is on his back?" He replied: "The women and men inherit from what is on his back, but the women do not inherit from the loyalty except what they have written or were freed."  

عَنْ عَطَاءٍ فِي الرَّجُلِ يَمُوتُ وَلَهُ عَبْدٌ مُكَاتَبٌ وَلِلْمُتَوَفَّى بَنُونَ وَبَنَاتٌ؟ قَالَ يَرِثُونَ مِمَّا عَلَى ظَهْرِهِ النِّسَاءُ وَالرِّجَالُ وَلَا تَرِثُ النِّسَاءُ مِنَ الْوَلَاءِ إِلَّا مَا كَاتَبْنَ أَوْ أَعْتَقْنَ  

[Machine] Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib and Abu Salamah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman said regarding a man who writes to his slave and then dies, leaving behind male and female children: the responsibility of correspondence falls on the males, not the females. Ibn Shihab used to say this.  

عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَأَبِي سَلَمَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَا فِي الرَّجُلِ يُكَاتِبُ مَمْلُوكَهُ ثُمَّ يَمُوتُ وَيَتْرُكُ بَنِينَ رِجَالًا وَنِسَاءً فَيؤَدِّي الْمُكَاتَبُ إِلَيْهِمْ كِتَابَتَهُ قَالَا الْوَلَاءُ لِلرِّجَالِ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ وَكَانَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] About Ibrahim, there was a man who wrote a slave for him. Then, the man who wrote died and left behind men and women. He said, "Women have no loyalty to written slaves and inheritance is shared between men and women."  

عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ فِي رَجُلٍ كَاتَبَ عَبْدًا لَهُ ثُمَّ مَاتَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي كَاتَبَ وَتَرَكَ رِجَالًا وَنِسَاءً قَالَ لَيْسَ لِلنِّسَاءِ مِنْ وَلَاءِ الْمُكَاتَبِ شَيْءٌ وَالْمِيرَاثُ بَيْنَهُمْ يَعْنِي الرِّجَالَ وَالنِّسَاءَ  

[Machine] About a man who died and left behind some written documents. The heirs declared the documents as their own due to their inheritance. To whom does the loyalty belong? He said to the deceased writer.  

عَنْ رَجُلٍ تُوُفِّيَ وَتَرَكَ مُكَاتَبًا فَأَعْتَقَ الْوَرَثَةُ الْمُكَاتَبَ بِمَا يُصِيبُهُ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ لِمَنِ الْوَلَاءُ؟ قَالَ لِلْمُكَاتَبِ الْمَيِّتِ  

[Machine] "That Ibn Umar wrote him letters and paid nine hundred (dinars), and one hundred (dinars) were left. So he returned it in the envelope."  

أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَاتَبَ مُكَاتَبًا لَهُ فَأَدَّى تِسْعَمِائَةٍ وَبَقِيَتْ مِائَةُ دِينَارٍ فَعَجِزَ فَرَدَّهُ فِي الرِّقِّ  

[Machine] That (someone) had a debt that he couldn't pay, so he returned (it) as a slave and kept what he had taken from him.  

أَنَّ مُكَاتَبًا لَهُ عَجِزَ فَرَدَّهُ مَمْلُوكًا وَأَمْسَكَ مَا أَخَذَ مِنْهُ  

[Machine] So Ibn Umar freed his son afterwards.  

فَأَعْتَقَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ ابْنَهُ بَعْدُ  

[Machine] So he brought them to him and returned them to enslavement. After that, he either freed them on a specific day or after three days.  

فَأَتَاهُ بِهِمْ فَرَدَّهُمْ فِي الرِّقِّ فَلَّمَّا كَانَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ إِمَّا بِيَوْمٍ وَإِمَّا بِثَلَاثَةٍ أَعْتَقَهُمْ  

[Machine] It is said that he had a honorable status of forty thousand. He went to Kufa and worked with his slaves until he freed fifteen thousand of them. Then a man came to him and said, "Are you crazy? You torture yourself here while Abdullah ibn Umar buys slaves with his right and left hands and then frees them. Go back to him and tell him that you have failed." So, the man came to him with his document and said, "O Abu Abdur Rahman, I have failed and this is my document, erase it." He replied, "No, but you erase it if you want." So, he erased it and Abdullah ibn Umar's eyes filled with tears. He said, "Go, you are free." The man said, "May Allah rectify you, be kind to my son." He said, "They are free." The man said, "May Allah rectify you, be kind to my mother and my children." He said, "They are also free." So, he freed all five of them in one place.  

يُقَالُ لَهُ شَرَفٌ بِأَرْبَعِينَ أَلْفًا فَخَرَجَ إِلَى الْكُوفَةِ فَكَانَ يَعْمَلُ عَلَى حُمُرٍ لَهُ حَتَّى أَدَّى خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفًا فَجَاءَهُ إِنْسَانٌ فَقَالَ مَجْنُونٌ أَنْتَ؟ أَنْتَ هَاهُنَا تُعَذِّبُ نَفْسَكَ وَعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ يَشْتَرِي الرَّقِيقَ يَمِينًا وَشِمَالًا ثُمَّ يُعْتِقُهُمْ ارْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ فَقُلْ لَهُ قَدْ عَجِزْتُ فَجَاءَ إِلَيْهِ بِصَحِيفَتِهِ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَدْ عَجِزْتُ وَهَذِهِ صَحِيفَتِي فَامْحُهَا فَقَالَ لَا وَلَكِنْ امْحُهَا إِنْ شِئْتَ فَمَحَاهَا فَفَاضَتْ عَيْنَا عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ اذْهَبْ فَأَنْتَ حُرٌّ قَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ أَحْسِنْ إِلَى ابْنِيَّ قَالَ هُمَا حُرَّانِ قَالَ أَصْلَحَكَ اللهُ أَحْسِنْ إِلَى أُمَّيْ وَوَلَدِيَّ قَالَ هُمَا حُرَّتَانِ فَأَعْتَقَهُمْ خَمْسَتَهُمْ جَمِيعًا فِي مَقْعَدٍ  

[Machine] To free his son, who was born from his slave, so he freed him and also freed his son, and he returned to him 1500 dirhams.  

أَنْ يُعْتِقَ وَلَدَهُ وَكَانُوا وُلِدُوا مِنْ مُكَاتَبَتِهِ فَأَعْتَقَهُ وَأَعْتَقَ وَلَدَهُ وَرَدَّ إِلَيْهِ أَلْفًا وَخَمْسَمِائَةِ دِرْهَمٍ  

[Machine] His master has the right to impose the condition that he has stipulated.  

سَيِّدُهُ أَحَقُّ بِشَرْطِهِ الَّذِي شَرَطَ  

[Machine] They have what they took from it, meaning if they do not complete the ransom, then what they took belongs to them.  

لَهُمْ مَا أَخَذُوا مِنْهُ يَعْنِي إِذَا لَمْ يُكْمِلْ فَرُدَّ فِي الرِّقِّ فَمَا أَخَذَ فَلَهُ  

[Machine] If two stars appear consecutively on the desks and their light is not reflected in the paper, and he said in another place, he entered the second year or he said in the third year  

إِذَا تَتَابَعَ عَلَى الْمُكَاتَبِ نَجْمَانِ فَلَمْ يُؤَدِّ نُجُومَهُ رُدَّ فِي الرِّقِّ وَقَالَ فِي مَوْضِعٍ آخَرَ فَدَخَلَ فِي السَّنَةِ الثَّانِيَةِ أَوْ قَالَ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ  

[Machine] If the offices are unable to find a solution, the matter should be brought to the attention of the authorities. If they comply, that is sufficient; otherwise, the narration from Ali is weak and the narration from Khalas is not valid according to the people of hadith. If it is valid, it can be attributed to the accepted manner from the perspective of the authority. If there is no response, only Allah knows the best course of action.  

إِذَا عَجِزَ الْمُكَاتَبُ اسْتَسْعَى حَوْلَيْنِ فَإِنْ أَدَّى وَإِلَّا رُدَّ فِي الرِّقِّ الْإِسْنَادُ الْأَوَّلُ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ ضَعِيفٌ وَرِوَايَةُ خِلَاسٍ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ ؓ لَا تَصِحُّ عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الْحَدِيثِ فَإِنْ صَحَّتْ فَهِيَ مَحْمُولَةٌ عَلَى وَجْهِ الْمَعْرُوفِ مِنْ جِهَةِ السَّيِّدِ فَإِنْ لَمْ يَنْتَظِرْ رُدَّ فِي الرِّقِّ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ  

[Machine] I witnessed a segment that responded to a failed correspondence in slavery.  

شَهِدْتُ شُرَيْحًا رَدَّ مُكَاتَبًا عَجَزَ فِي الرِّقِّ