The Prophet ﷺ said: Seek it (laylat al-Qadr) in the last ten days of Ramadan. Seek it on the ninth, seventh and fifth night. I (AbuNadrah) said: You know counting better than us, AbuSa'id. He said: Yes. I asked: What do you mean by the ninth, seventh and fifth night? He said: When the twenty-first night passes, the night which follows it is the night; when the twenty-third night passes, the night which follows it is the seventh; when the twenty-fifth passes, the night which follows it is the fifth. Abu Dawud said: I do not know whether anything remained hidden from me or not.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْتَمِسُوهَا فِي الْعَشْرِ الأَوَاخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَالْتَمِسُوهَا فِي التَّاسِعَةِ وَالسَّابِعَةِ وَالْخَامِسَةِ قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا أَبَا سَعِيدٍ إِنَّكُمْ أَعْلَمُ بِالْعَدَدِ مِنَّا قَالَ أَجَلْ قُلْتُ مَا التَّاسِعَةُ وَالسَّابِعَةُ وَالْخَامِسَةُ قَالَ إِذَا مَضَتْ وَاحِدَةٌ وَعِشْرُونَ فَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا التَّاسِعَةُ وَإِذَا مَضَى ثَلاَثٌ وَعِشْرُونَ فَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا السَّابِعَةُ وَإِذَا مَضَى خَمْسٌ وَعِشْرُونَ فَالَّتِي تَلِيهَا الْخَامِسَةُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: Seek it (laylat al-Qadr) on the seventeenth night of Ramadan, and on the twenty first night, and on the twenty-third night. He then kept silence.  

لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اطْلُبُوهَا لَيْلَةَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَلَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَلَيْلَةَ ثَلاَثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: Seek it (laylat al-Qadr) on the seventeenth night of Ramadan, and on the twenty first night, and on the twenty-third night. He then kept silence. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1384)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ اطْلُبُوهَا لَيْلَةَ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَلَيْلَةَ إِحْدَى وَعِشْرِينَ وَلَيْلَةَ ثَلَاثٍ وَعِشْرِينَ ثُمَّ سَكَتَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to us: Seek it (laylat al-Qadr) on the seventeenth night of Ramadan, and on the twenty first night, and on the twenty-third night. He then kept silence. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1384)   

"اطلبُوا ليلَةَ سبْعَ عشرة مِنْ رمضانَ، وليلةَ إحدى وعشرين، وليلةَ ثلاثٍ وعشرينَ".  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about lailat al-qadr and I was hearing: He said: It is during the whole of Ramadan. Abu Dawud said: Sufyan and Shu'bah narrated this tradition from Abu Ishaq as a statement of Ibn 'Umar himself, they did not transmit it as a saying of the Prophet ﷺ  

سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ هِيَ فِي كُلِّ رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about Laylat al-Qadr (the Night of Power), and he said: it is in every Ramadan. This narration is reported by Sufyan and Shu'bah from Abu Ishaq, who said that it was attributed to Ibn Umar, but they did not mention it directly from the Prophet ﷺ .  

سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ عَنْ لَيْلَةِ الْقَدْرِ فَقَالَ هِيَ فِي كُلِّ رَمَضَانَ وَرَوَاهُ سُفْيَانُ وَشُعْبَةُ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ مَوْقُوفًا عَلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ لَمْ يَرْفَعَاهُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ  

There are five thing, if anyone observe them with faith, he will enter Paradise. He who prays the five times prayer regularly, with the ablution for them, with their bowing, with their prostration and their (right) times ; keeps fast during Ramadan ; performs Hajj (pilgrimage) to the House (Ka'bah), provided he has the ability for its passage; pays Zakat happily ; and fulfills the trust (he will enter Paradise). People said: Abu al-Darda', what is fulfilling the trust ? He replied: Washing because of sexual defilement.  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَمْسٌ مَنْ جَاءَ بِهِنَّ مَعَ إِيمَانٍ دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ مَنْ حَافَظَ عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسِ عَلَى وُضُوئِهِنَّ وَرُكُوعِهِنَّ وَسُجُودِهِنَّ وَمَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ وَصَامَ رَمَضَانَ وَحَجَّ الْبَيْتَ إِنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيْهِ سَبِيلاً وَأَعْطَى الزَّكَاةَ طَيِّبَةً بِهَا نَفْسُهُ وَأَدَّى الأَمَانَةَ قَالُوا يَا أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ وَمَا أَدَاءُ الأَمَانَةِ قَالَ الْغُسْلُ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ  

"خَمْسٌ منْ جاءَ بِهِنَّ يَوْمَ القِيَامةِ مع إِيمَانٍ دخَل الجَنَّة، مَنْ حَافَظَ عَلى الصَّلوات الْخَمْس -على وُضُوئِهِنَّ ورُكوعِهِنَّ وسُجُودِهِنَّ ومواقِيتِهِنَّ، وصام رمضان، وحجَّ البيْتَ إِن استَطَاعَ إِليهِ سبيِلًا، وأَعطى الزَّكَاةِ مِن مالِهِ -طَيبة بِهَا نَفْسُهُ، وأَدّى الأَمانَة. قيل: يا نبى اللَّه وما أداءُ الأمانةِ؟ ، قال: الغسْلُ مِنَ الجنابةِ؛ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يأمَن ابنَ آدم على شَىْءِ مِن دِينِهِ غيرَهَا".  

"مَنْ لَقى الله بخَمْسٍ منَ الإيمَان دَخَلَ الْجَنَّةَ: الصَّلَوات الْخَمْسِ طُهُورِهِنَّ، وَرُكُوعِهِنَّ، وَسُجُودِهَنَّ، وَصَيَامِ رَمَضَانَ، وَحَجِّ الْبَيتِ مَنِ اسْتَطَاعَ إِلَيهِ سَبِيلًا، وَالزَّكَاةِ، وَهِيَ قَنْطَرَةُ الإِسلَام، وَأَدَاءِ الأمَانَةِ: الاغْتِسَالِ مِنَ الْجَنَابَةِ".  

Prayer passed through three stages. And out people narrated to us that Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) said; it is to my liking that the prayer of Muslims or believers should be united (i.e., in congregation), so much so that I intended to send people to the houses to announce the time of prayer; and I also resolved that I should order people to stand at (the tops of) the forts and announce the time of the prayer for Muslims; and they struck the bell or were about to strike the bell (to announce the time for prayer). Then came a person from among the Ansar who said: Messenger of Allah, when I returned from you, as I saw your anxiety. I saw (in sleep) a person with two green clothes on him; he stood on the mosque and called (people) to prayer. He then sat down for a short while and stood up and pronounced in a like manner, except that he added: “The time for prayer has come”. If the people did not call me (a liar), and according to the version of Ibn al-Muthanna, if you did not call me (a liar). I would say that I was awake; I was awake; I was not asleep. The Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him) said: According to the version of Ibn al-Muthanna, Allah has shown you a good (dream). But the version of ‘Amr does not have the words: Allah has shown you a good (dream). Then ask Bilal to pronounce the ADHAN (to call to the prayer). ‘Umar (in the meantime) said: I also had a dream like the one he had. But as he informed earlier. I was ashamed (to inform). Our people have narrated to us: when a person came (to the mosque during the prayer in congregation), he would ask (about the RAKAHS of prayer), and he would be informed about the number of RAKAHS already performed. They would stand (in prayer) along with the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him): some in standing position; others bowing; some sitting and some praying along with the Messenger of Allah (May peace be upon him). Ibn al-Muthanna reported from ‘Amr from Hussain b. Abi Laila, saying ; Until Mu’adh came. Shu’bah said ; I heard it from Hussain who said : I shall follow the position (in the prayer in which I find him (the prophet)). . . you should do in a similar way. Abu Dawud said: I then turned to the tradition reported by ‘Amr b. Marzuq he said; then Ma’adh came and they (the people) hinted at him. Shu’bah said; I heard it from hussain who said: Mu’adh then said; I shall follow the position (in the prayer when I join it) in which I find him (the prophet). He then said: Mu’adh has prayer when I join it in which I find him (the prophet). He then said: MU’adh has introduced for you a SUNNAH (a model behaviour), so you should do in a like manner. He said; our people have narrated to us; when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Madina, he commanded them (the people) to keep fast for three days. Thereafter the Quranic verses with regard to the fasts during Ramadan were revealed. But they were people who were not accustomed to keep fast ; hence the keeping of the fasts was hard for them; so those who could not keep fast would feed an indigent; then the month”. The concession was granted to the patient and the traveler; all were commanded to keep fast.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَقَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي أَنْ تَكُونَ صَلاَةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَوْ قَالَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَاحِدَةً حَتَّى لَقَدْ هَمَمْتُ أَنْ أَبُثَّ رِجَالاً فِي الدُّورِ يُنَادُونَ النَّاسَ بِحِينِ الصَّلاَةِ وَحَتَّى هَمَمْتُ أَنْ آمُرَ رِجَالاً يَقُومُونَ عَلَى الآطَامِ يُنَادُونَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِحِينِ الصَّلاَةِ حَتَّى نَقَسُوا أَوْ كَادُوا أَنْ يَنْقُسُوا قَالَ فَجَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي لَمَّا رَجَعْتُ لِمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنَ اهْتِمَامِكَ رَأَيْتُ رَجُلاً كَأَنَّ عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبَيْنِ أَخْضَرَيْنِ فَقَامَ عَلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَأَذَّنَ ثُمَّ قَعَدَ قَعْدَةً ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَهَا إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ يَقُولُ قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلاَةُ وَلَوْلاَ أَنْ يَقُولَ النَّاسُ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى أَنْ تَقُولُوا لَقُلْتُ إِنِّي كُنْتُ يَقْظَانًا غَيْرَ نَائِمٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى لَقَدْ أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا وَلَمْ يَقُلْ عَمْرٌو لَقَدْ أَرَاكَ اللَّهُ خَيْرًا فَمُرْ بِلاَلاً فَلْيُؤَذِّنْ قَالَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَمَا إِنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي رَأَى وَلَكِنِّي لَمَّا سُبِقْتُ اسْتَحْيَيْتُ قَالَ وَحَدَّثَنَا أَصْحَابُنَا قَالَ وَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ إِذَا جَاءَ يَسْأَلُ فَيُخْبَرُ بِمَا سُبِقَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ وَإِنَّهُمْ قَامُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ بَيْنِ قَائِمٍ وَرَاكِعٍ وَقَاعِدٍ وَمُصَلٍّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى قَالَ عَمْرٌو وَحَدَّثَنِي بِهَا حُصَيْنٌ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى حَتَّى جَاءَ مُعَاذٌ قَالَ شُعْبَةُ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُهَا مِنْ حُصَيْنٍ فَقَالَ لاَ أَرَاهُ عَلَى حَالٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ كَذَلِكَ فَافْعَلُوا  

Prayer passed through three stages and fasting also passed through three stages. The narrator Nasr reported the rest of the tradition completely. The narrator, Ibn al-Muthanna, narrated the story of saying prayer facing in the direction of Jerusalem. He said: The third stage is that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to Medina and prayed, i.e. facing Jerusalem, for thirteen months. Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed the verse: "We have seen thee turning thy face to Heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wherever ye may be, turn your face (when ye pray) toward it" (ii.144). And Allah, the Reverend and the Majestic, turned (them) towards the Ka'bah. He (the narrator) completed his tradition. The narrator, Nasr, mentioned the name of the person who had the dream, saying: And Abdullah ibn Zayd, a man from the Ansar, came. The same version reads: And he turned his face towards the qiblah and said: Allah is most great, Allah is most great; I testify that there is no god but Allah, I testify that there is no god but Allah; I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, I testify that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; come to prayer (he pronounced it twice), come to salvation (he pronounced it twice); Allah is Most Great, Allah is most great. He then paused for a while, and then got up and pronounced in a similar way, except that after the phrase "Come to salvation" he added. "The time for prayer has come, the time for prayer has come." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Teach it to Bilal, then pronounce the adhan (call to prayer) with the same words. As regards fasting, he said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast for three days every month, and would fast on the tenth of Muharram. Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed the verse: ".......Fasting was prescribed for those before you, that ye may ward off (evil)......and for those who can afford it there is a ransom: the feeding of a man in need (ii.183-84). If someone wished to keep the fast, he would keep the fast; if someone wished to abandon the fast, he would feed an indigent every day; it would do for him. But this was changed. Allah, the Exalted, revealed: "The month of Ramadan in which was revealed the Qur'an ..........(let him fast the same) number of other days" (ii.185). Hence the fast was prescribed for the one who was present in the month (of Ramadan) and the traveller was required to atone (for them); feeding (the indigent) was prescribed for the old man and woman who were unable to fast. (The narrator, Nasr, further reported): The companion Sirmah, came after finishing his day's work......and he narrated the rest of the tradition.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَصَلَّى يَعْنِي نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ ثَلاَثَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى هَذِهِ الآيَةَ { قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ وَحَيْثُ مَا كُنْتُمْ فَوَلُّوا وُجُوهَكُمْ شَطْرَهُ } فَوَجَّهَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ وَتَمَّ حَدِيثُهُ وَسَمَّى نَصْرٌ صَاحِبَ الرُّؤْيَا قَالَ فَجَاءَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الأَنْصَارِ وَقَالَ فِيهِ فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ قَالَ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ حَىَّ عَلَى الصَّلاَةِ مَرَّتَيْنِ حَىَّ عَلَى الْفَلاَحِ مَرَّتَيْنِ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ ثُمَّ أَمْهَلَ هُنَيَّةً ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَهَا إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ قَالَ زَادَ بَعْدَ مَا قَالَ حَىَّ عَلَى الْفَلاَحِ قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلاَةُ قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلاَةُ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَقِّنْهَا بِلاَلاً فَأَذَّنَ بِهَا بِلاَلٌ وَقَالَ فِي الصَّوْمِ قَالَ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَصُومُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ وَيَصُومُ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى { كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنَ قَبْلِكُمْ } إِلَى قَوْلِهِ { طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ } فَكَانَ مَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَصُومَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ وَيُطْعِمَ كُلَّ يَوْمٍ مِسْكِينًا أَجْزَأَهُ ذَلِكَ وَهَذَا حَوْلٌ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى { شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ } إِلَى { أَيَّامٍ أُخَرَ } فَثَبَتَ الصِّيَامُ عَلَى مَنْ شَهِدَ الشَّهْرَ وَعَلَى الْمُسَافِرِ أَنْ يَقْضِيَ وَثَبَتَ الطَّعَامُ لِلشَّيْخِ الْكَبِيرِ وَالْعَجُوزِ اللَّذَيْنِ لاَ يَسْتَطِيعَانِ الصَّوْمَ وَجَاءَ صِرْمَةُ وَقَدْ عَمِلَ يَوْمَهُ وَسَاقَ الْحَدِيثَ  

[Machine] Prayer has three conditions, and fasting has three conditions. As for the conditions of prayer, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina and prayed towards Bayt al-Maqdis for seventeen months. Then Allah revealed the verse {We see you turning your face towards the sky, so We shall surely turn you to a qibla that shall please you} and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned towards the Kaaba. This was the state of prayer, and they used to pray together and call the adhan for each other until they were about to disperse. Then a man named Abdullah ibn Zaid came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, if I tell you that I have not slept between the sleeper and the awake, I saw a person wearing two green garments standing facing the qibla. He said Allahu Akbar (Allah is the greatest) until he finished the adhan twice, and then he said in his last adhan, Allahu Akbar Allah is the greatest! There is no god but Allah. Then he paused for a while and stood up and said something similar to what he had said before. Except that he added, 'the prayer is established.' Then he said, 'Teach it to Bilal.' So Bilal was the first to call the adhan. And Umar ibn Al-Khattab came and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, a man did to me what he did to Abdullah ibn Zaid, except that he preceded me in coming to you. So these are two situations, and they used to come to the prayer when the Prophet ﷺ preceded them in some prayers. They would signal to him how many prayers he performed with his fingers, one or two. Then Muadh came, and the Prophet ﷺ also preceded him in some prayers. He entered the prayer and said, 'I could not find him in the state I was in. I completed (the prayer).' Then he came, having preceded him in some prayers, and he entered the prayer. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ completed the prayer, Muadh stood up to complete it. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Muadh will teach you, so do as he does.' These are the three conditions. As for the conditions of fasting, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina and fasted three days of every month, and he fasted on Ashura. He fasted continuously from Rabi' to Rabi' until Ramadan. Then Allah made it obligatory for him to fast Ramadan and revealed the verse {The month of Ramadan is that in which the Quran was revealed as a guidance to mankind...} It was permissible for anyone to fast or to break fast, and they were exempted from that. Then Allah established fasting for the healthy and permitted the sick and the travelers not to fast. He established feeding for the elderly who cannot fast and revealed {The month of Ramadan is that in which the Quran was revealed as a guidance to mankind...}. They used to eat, drink, and have relations with their wives until they slept. When they woke up, they abstained from that. Then there was a man named Sirmah who spent his day fasting and working. He came to his family and went to sleep before breaking his fast, so he woke up fasting. The Prophet ﷺ saw him towards the end of the day, looking exhausted. He said, 'Why do I see you exhausted?' He said, 'Yesterday I stayed working until I came and slept before breaking my fast.' Umar also experienced this with his family after he had slept. So Allah revealed {Permitted for you on the night of the fast is intercourse with your wives...} until the end of the verse.  

أُحِيلَتِ الصَّلَاةُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ وَأُحِيلَ الصَّوْمُ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحْوَالٍ فَأَمَّا أَحْوَالُ الصَّلَاةِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَصَلَّى نَحْوَ بَيْتِ الْمَقْدِسِ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا ثُمَّ أَنْزَلَ اللهُ {قَدْ نَرَى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكِ فِي السَّمَاءِ فَلَنُوَلِّيَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضَاهَا} فَتَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْكَعْبَةِ فَكَانَ هَذَا حَالًا وَكَانُوا مُجْتَمِعِينَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ وَيُؤَذِّنُ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا حَتَّى نَقَسُوا أَوْ كَادُوا أَنْ يَنْقُسُوا ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ زَيْدٍ أَتَى إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ لَوْ حَدَّثْتُكَ أَنِّي لَمْ أَكُنْ نَائِمًا بَيْنَ النَّائِمِ وَالْيَقْظَانِ رَأَيْتُ شَخْصًا عَلَيْهِ ثَوْبَانِ أَخْضَرَانِ قَائِمًا فَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ فَقَالَ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ حَتَّى فَرَغَ مِنَ الْأَذَانِ مَرَّتَيْنِ مَرَّتَيْنِ ثُمَّ قَالَ فِي آخِرِ أَذَانِهِ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ اللهُ أَكْبَرُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللهُ ثُمَّ تُمَهَّلَ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ قَامَ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ الَّذِي قَالَ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ زَادَ قَدْ قَامَتِ الصَّلَاةُ فَقَالَ «عَلِّمْهَا بِلَالًا» فَكَانَ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَذَّنَ بِهَا بِلَالٌ وَجَاءَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَدْ أَطَافَ بِيَ مِثْلُ الَّذِي أَطَافَ بِعَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ سَبَقَنِي إِلَيْكَ فَهَذَانِ حَوْلَانِ وَكَانُوا يَأْتُونَ الصَّلَاةَ قَدْ سَبَقَهُمُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِبَعْضِ الصَّلَاةِ فَيُشِيُرونَ إِلَيْهِمْ كَمْ صَلَّى بِالْأَصَابِعِ وَاحِدَةً ثِنْتَيْنِ فَجَاءَ مُعَاذٌ وَقَدْ سَبَقَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِبَعْضِ الصَّلَاةِ فَدَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَقَالَ لَا أَجِدُهُ فِي حَالٍ إِلَّا كُنْتُ عَلَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَضَيْتُ فَجَاءَ وَقَدْ سَبَقَهُ بِبَعْضِ الصَّلَاةِ فَدَخَلَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ فَلَمَّا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الصَّلَاةَ قَامَ مُعَاذٌ يَقْضِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «قَدْ سَنَّ لَكُمْ مُعَاذٌ فَهَكَذَا فَافْعَلُوا» فَهَذِهِ ثَلَاثَةُ أَحْوَالٍ وَأَمَّا أَحْوَالُ الصِّيَامِ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ فَجَعَلَ يَصُومُ مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ وَصَامَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَصَامَ سَبْعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا مِنْ رَبِيعٍ إِلَى شَهْرِ رَبِيعٍ إِلَى شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللهَ ﷻ فَرَضَ عَلَيْهِ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ {كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فِدْيَةٌ طَعَامُ مِسْكِينٍ} فَكَانَ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَ وَمَنْ شَاءَ طَعِمَ وَأَجْزَأَهُ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللهَ أَثْبَتَ صِيَامَهُ عَلَى الْمُقِيمِ الصَّحِيحِ وَرَخَّصَ فِيهِ لِلْمَرِيضِ وَالْمُسَافِرِ وَثَبَّتَ الْإِطْعَامَ لِلْكَبِيرِ الَّذِي لَا يَسْتَطِيعُ الصِّيَامَ وَأَنْزَلَ عَلَيْهِ {شَهْرُ رَمَضَانَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَ فِيهِ الْقُرْآنُ هُدًى لِلنَّاسِ وَبَيِّنَاتٍ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْفُرْقَانِ فَمَنْ شَهِدَ مِنْكُمُ الشَّهْرَ فَلْيَصُمْهُ} وَكَانُوا يَأْكُلُونَ وَيَشْرَبُونَ وَيَأْتُونَ النِّسَاءَ مَا لَمْ يَنَامُوا فَإِذَا نَامُوا امْتَنَعُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَجُلًا يُقَالُ لَهُ صِرْمَةُ ظَلَّ يَوْمَهُ صَائِمًا يَعْمَلُ فَجَاءَ إِلَى أَهْلِهِ فَنَامَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفْطِرَ فَأَصْبَحَ صَائِمًا فَرَآهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ آخِرِ النَّهَارِ قَدْ جَهِدَ جَهْدًا شَدِيدًا فَقَالَ «مَا لِي أَرَاكَ قَدْ جَهِدْتَ؟» فَقَالَ إِنِّي ظَلَلْتُ أَمْسِ أَعْمَلُ فَجِئْتُ فَنِمْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُفْطِرَ وَجَاءَ عُمَرُ وَقَدْ أَصَابَ مِنْ أَهْلِهِ بَعْدَمَا نَامَ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ ﷻ {أُحِلَّ لَكُمْ لَيْلَةَ الصِّيَامِ الرَّفَثُ إِلَى نِسَائِكُمْ} إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ  

Muhammad reported on the authority of some of his teachers that Ubayy b. Ka'b led them in prayer during Ramadan. He used to recite the supplication (in the witr) during the second half of Ramadan.  

أَنَّ أُبَىَّ بْنَ كَعْبٍ أَمَّهُمْ يَعْنِي فِي رَمَضَانَ وَكَانَ يَقْنُتُ فِي النِّصْفِ الآخِرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ  

Muhammad reported on the authority of some of his teachers that Ubayy b. Ka'b led them in prayer during Ramadan. He used to recite the supplication (in the witr) during the second half of Ramadan. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 1428)   

أَنَّ أُبَيَّ بْنَ كَعْبٍ أَمَّهُمْ يَعْنِي فِي رَمَضَانَ وَكَانَ يَقْنُتُ فِي النِّصْفِ الْأَخِيرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] He used to observe the last half of Ramadan devoutly.  

أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقْنُتُ فِي النِّصْفِ الْأَخِيرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ  

If I had some part of the fast of Ramadan to make up, I would not be able to atone for it except in Sha'ban.  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ ؓ تَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ لَيَكُونُ عَلَىَّ الصَّوْمُ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَمَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أَقْضِيَهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ شَعْبَانُ  

“I heard ‘Aishah say: ‘I used to owe fasts from the month of Ramadan, and I would not make them up for until Sha’ban came.’”  

سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ لَيَكُونُ عَلَىَّ الصِّيَامُ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ فَمَا أَقْضِيهِ حَتَّى يَجِيءَ شَعْبَانُ  

Yahya related to me from Malik from Yahya ibn Said from Abu Salama ibn Abd ar-Rahman that he heard A'isha, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ say, "I used to have to make up days from Ramadan and not be able to do them until Shaban came."  

أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَقُولُ إِنْ كَانَ لَيَكُونُ عَلَىَّ الصِّيَامُ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ فَمَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَصُومُهُ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَ شَعْبَانُ  

She never saw the Prophet ﷺ fasting the whole month except Sha'ban which he combined with Ramadan.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَصُومُ مِنَ السَّنَةِ شَهْرًا تَامًّا إِلاَّ شَعْبَانَ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to fast almost every month, except that he used to fast in the month of Sha'ban and connect it with Ramadan.  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ كَانَ «لَا يَصُومُ شَهْرًا كَامِلًا إِلَّا أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَصُومُ شَعْبَانَ وَيَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ would not fast a full month except for Sha'ban, which he would connect it with Ramadan.  

«مَا صَامَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ شَهْرًا كَامِلًا إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ كَانَ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ»  

She never saw the Prophet ﷺ fasting the whole month except Sha'ban which he combined with Ramadan. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2336)   

النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَصُومُ مِنَ السَّنَةِ شَهْرًا تَامًّا إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ يَصِلُهُ بِرَمَضَانَ  

"كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لَا يَصُومُ شَهْرًا كَامِلًا إِلَّا شَعْبَانَ فَإِنَّه كَانَ يَصلهُ بِرَمَضَانَ".  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to count the days in Sha'ban in a manner he did not count any other month; then he fasted when he sighted the new moon of Ramadan; but if the weather was cloudy he counted thirty days and then fasted.  

سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ ؓ تَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ شَعْبَانَ مَا لاَ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَةِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلاَثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to count the days in Sha'ban in a manner he did not count any other month; then he fasted when he sighted the new moon of Ramadan; but if the weather was cloudy he counted thirty days and then fasted. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2325)  

قَيْسٍقَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ هِلَالِ شَعْبَانَ مَا لَا يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَةِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to count the days in Sha'ban in a manner he did not count any other month; then he fasted when he sighted the new moon of Ramadan; but if the weather was cloudy he counted thirty days and then fasted. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2325)  

سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ هِلَالِ شَعْبَانَ مَا لَا يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَةِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to count the days in Sha'ban in a manner he did not count any other month; then he fasted when he sighted the new moon of Ramadan; but if the weather was cloudy he counted thirty days and then fasted. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2325)  

سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ «كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ هِلَالِ شَعْبَانَ مَا لَا يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَةِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to count the days in Sha'ban in a manner he did not count any other month; then he fasted when he sighted the new moon of Ramadan; but if the weather was cloudy he counted thirty days and then fasted. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2325)   

سَمِعْتُ عَائِشَةَ تَقُولُ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ هِلَالِ شَعْبَانَ مَا لَا يَتَحَفَّظُ مِنْ غَيْرِهِ ثُمَّ يَصُومُ لِرُؤْيَتِهِ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْهِ عَدَّ ثَلَاثِينَ يَوْمًا ثُمَّ صَامَ وَكَذَلِكَ  

A man came to the Prophet ﷺ. He broke his fast during Ramadan. He then narrated the rest of this tradition adding: Then a huge basket containing fifteen sa's of dates was brought to him. He said: Eat it yourself and your family and keep one fast and beg pardon of Allah.  

جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَفْطَرَ فِي رَمَضَانَ بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ قَالَ فَأُتِيَ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ تَمْرٌ قَدْرُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا وَقَالَ فِيهِ كُلْهُ أَنْتَ وَأَهْلُ بَيْتِكَ وَصُمْ يَوْمًا وَاسْتَغْفِرِ اللَّهَ  

Mansur al-Kalbi said: Dihyah ibn Khalifah once went out from a village of Damascus at as much distance as it measures between Aqabah and al-Fustat during Ramadan; and that is three miles. He then broke his fast and the people broke their fast along with him. But some of them disliked to break their fast. When he came back to his village, he said: I swear by Allah, today I witnessed a thing of which I could not even think to see. The people detested the way of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his Companions. He said this to those who fasted. At this moment he said: O Allah, make me die.  

وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْرًا مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنِّي أَرَاهُ إِنَّ قَوْمًا رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْىِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ لِلَّذِينَ صَامُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ اللَّهُمَّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ  

[Machine] "He left his village and went to a nearby village called Uqbah in Ramadan. Then he broke his fast and some people broke their fast with him, while others disliked breaking their fast. When he returned to his village, he said, 'By Allah, I witnessed something today that I did not expect to see. There are people who are deviating from the guidance of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his companions. They say this to those who are fasting.' At that moment, he said, 'O Allah, take me to You.'"  

أَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ قَرْيَتِهِ إِلَى قَرِيبٍ مِنْ قَرْيَةِ عُقْبَةَ فِي رَمَضَانَ ثُمَّ أَنَّهُ أَفْطَرَ وَأَفْطَرَ مَعَهُ نَاسٌ وَكَرِهَ آخَرُونَ أَنْ يُفْطِرُوا قَالَ فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى قَرْيَتِهِ قَالَ وَاللهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْرًا مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّ أَنْ أَرَاهُ إِنَّ قَوْمًا رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ لِلَّذِينَ صَامُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ عِنْدَذَلِكَ اللهُمَّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ  

Mansur al-Kalbi said: Dihyah ibn Khalifah once went out from a village of Damascus at as much distance as it measures between Aqabah and al-Fustat during Ramadan; and that is three miles. He then broke his fast and the people broke their fast along with him. But some of them disliked to break their fast. When he came back to his village, he said: I swear by Allah, today I witnessed a thing of which I could not even think to see. The people detested the way of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and his Companions. He said this to those who fasted. At this moment he said: O Allah, make me die. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2413)  

«وَاللهِ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ الْيَوْمَ أَمْرًا مَا كُنْتُ أَظُنُّنِي أَرَاهُ إِنَّ قَوْمًا رَغِبُوا عَنْ هَدْيِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ» يَقُولُ ذَلِكَ لِلَّذِينَ صَامُوا ثُمَّ قَالَ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ «اللهُمَّ اقْبِضْنِي إِلَيْكَ»  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to say at the end of his witr: "O Allah, I seek refuge in Thy good pleasure from Thy anger, and in Thy forgiveness from Thy punishment, and I seek refuge in Thy mercy from Thy wrath. I cannot reckon the praise due to Thee. Thou art as Thou hast praised Thyself." Abu Dawud said: Hisham is the earliest teacher of Hammad. Yahya b. Ma'in said: No one is reported to have narrated traditions form him except Hammad b. Salamah. Abu Dawud said: Ubayy b. Ka'b said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited supplication in the witr before bowing. Abu Dawud said: This tradition has also been narrated by 'Isa b. Yunus through a different chain of narrators from Ubayy b. Ka'b. He also narrated it through a different chain of narrators on the authority of Ubayy b. Ka'b that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ recited the supplication in the witr before bowing. Abu Dawud said: The chain of narrators of the tradition of Sa'id from Qatadah goes: Yazid b. Zurai' narrated from Sa'id, from Qatadah, from 'Azrah, from Sa'id b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. Abza, on the authority of his father, from the Prophet ﷺ. This version does not mention the supplication and the name of Ubayy. This tradition has also been narrated by 'Abd al-A'la and Muhammad b. Bishr al-'Abdi. He heard the traditions from 'Isa b. Yunus at Kufah. They did not mention the supplication in their version. This tradition has also been narrated by Hisham al-Dastuwa'i and Shu'bah from Qatadah. They did not mention the supplication in their version. The tradition of Zubaid has been narrated by Sulaiman al-A'mash, Shu'bah, 'Abd al-Malik b. Abi Sulaiman, and Jarir b. Hazim; all of them narrated on the authority of Zubaid. None of them mention the supplication in his version, except in the tradition transmitted by Hafs b. Ghiyath from Mis'ar from Zubaid; he narrated in his version that he (the Prophet) recited supplication before bowing. Abu Dawud said: This version of tradition is not well know. There is doubt that Hafs might have narrated this tradition from some other narrator than Mis'ar. Abu Dawud said: It is reported that Ubayy (b. Ka'b) used to recited the supplication )in the witr) in the second half of Ramadan.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ يَقُولُ فِي آخِرِ وِتْرِهِ اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَعُوذُ بِرِضَاكَ مِنْ سَخَطِكَ وَبِمُعَافَاتِكَ مِنْ عُقُوبَتِكَ وَأَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْكَ لاَ أُحْصِي ثَنَاءً عَلَيْكَ أَنْتَ كَمَا أَثْنَيْتَ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ  

AbdulAziz ibn Muhammad said: Abbad ibn Kathir came to Medina and went to the assembly of al-Ala'. He caught hold of his hand and made him stand and said: O Allah, he narrates a tradition from his father on the authority of AbuHurayrah who reported the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as saying: When the middle of Sha'ban comes, do not fast. Al-Ala' said: O Allah, my father narrated this tradition on the authority of AbuHurayrah from the Prophet ﷺ  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا انْتَصَفَ شَعْبَانُ فَلاَ تَصُومُوا فَقَالَ الْعَلاَءُ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّ أَبِي حَدَّثَنِي عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِذَلِكَ  

The father or Uncle of Mujibah al-Bahiliyyah visited the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He then went away and came to him (again) after one year when his condition and appearance had changed. He said: Messenger of Allah, do you not recognize me? He asked: Who are you? He replied: I am al-Bahili who came to you last year. He said: What has changed you? You were looking well, then you were good in appearance? He said: I have only food at night since I departed from you.

Thereupon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: Why did you torment yourself? Fast during Ramadan (the month of patience) and fast for one day every month. He said: Increase it for me, for I have (more) strength. He said: Fast two days. He again said: Increase it for me. He said: Fast three days. He again said: Increase it for me. He said: Fast during the inviolable months and then stop; fast during the inviolable months and then stop; fast during the inviolable months and then stop. He indicated by his three fingers, and joined them and then opened them.  

أَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقَ فَأَتَاهُ بَعْدَ سَنَةٍ وَقَدْ تَغَيَّرَتْ حَالَتُهُ وَهَيْئَتُهُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَمَا تَعْرِفُنِي؟ قَالَ: «وَمَنْ أَنْتَ؟» قَالَ: أَنَا الْبَاهِلِيُّ الَّذِي جِئْتُكَ عَامَ الأَوَّلِ۔ قَالَ: «فَمَا غَيَّرَكَ وَقَدْ كُنْتَ حَسَنَ الْهَيْئَةِ؟» قَالَ: مَا أَكَلْتُ طَعَامًا إِلاَّ بِلَيْلٍ مُنْذُ فَارَقْتُكَ۔ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «لِمَ عَذَّبْتَ نَفْسَكَ؟»

ثُمَّ قَالَ: «صُمْ شَهْرَ الصَّبْرِ، وَيَوْمًا مِنْ كُلِّ شَهْرٍ۔» قَالَ: زِدْنِي فَإِنَّ بِي قُوَّةً۔ قَالَ: «صُمْ يَوْمَيْنِ۔» قَالَ: زِدْنِي۔ قَالَ: «صُمْ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ۔» قَالَ: زِدْنِي۔ قَالَ: «صُمْ مِنَ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُكْ، صُمْ مِنَ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُكْ، صُمْ مِنَ الْحُرُمِ وَاتْرُكْ۔» وَقَالَ بِأَصَابِعِهِ الثَّلاَثَةِ فَضَمَّهَا ثُمَّ أَرْسَلَهَا  

The Prophet said: "Umrah during Ramadan is equal to Hajj."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ عُمْرَةٌ فِي رَمَضَانَ تَعْدِلُ حَجَّةً وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَجَابِرٍ وَأَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَأَنَسٍ وَوَهْبِ بْنِ خَنْبَشٍ  

Salman bin Sakhr Al-Ansari - from Banu Bayadah - said that his wife was like the back of his mother to him until Ramadan passed. After half of Ramadan had passed he had intercourse with his wife during the night. So he went to the Messenger of Allah to mention that to him. The Messenger of Allah said to him: "Free a slave." He said: "I don't have one." So he said: "Then fast two consecutive months." He said: "I am unable." He said: "Feed sixty needy people." He said: "I can not." So the Messenger of Allah said to Farwah bin Amr: "Give him that Araq - and it is a large basket that holds fifteen or sixteen Sa - to feed sixty needy people."  

أَنَّ سَلْمَانَ بْنَ صَخْرٍ الأَنْصَارِيَّ أَحَدَ بَنِي بَيَاضَةَ جَعَلَ امْرَأَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّهِ حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا مَضَى نِصْفٌ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ وَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا لَيْلاً فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ لاَ أَجِدُهَا قَالَ فَصُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ لاَ أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ لاَ أَجِدُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِفَرْوَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو أَعْطِهِ ذَلِكَ الْعَرَقَ وَهُوَ مِكْتَلٌ يَأْخُذُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا أَوْ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا فَقَالَ أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا  

[Machine] While we were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, a man came and began pulling his hair and cursing himself. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked him, "What is the matter with you?" He replied, "I had a sexual encounter with my wife during Ramadan." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Free a slave." He replied, "I cannot find one." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Observing two consecutive months of fasting." He replied, "I am unable to do so." The Prophet ﷺ said, "Feed sixty poor people." He replied, "I cannot find them." Then, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was presented with a container containing fifteen sā' of dates. He said, "Take this and feed sixty poor people on your behalf." The man said, "O Messenger of Allah, there are people in my town who are more in need than us." The Prophet ﷺ replied, "You and your family are from them."  

بَيْنَمَا نَحْنُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ إِذْ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ يَنْتِفُ شَعَرَهُ وَيَدْعُو وَيْلَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ مَا لَكَ؟ قَالَ وَقَعَ عَلَى امْرَأَتِهِ فِي رَمَضَانَ قَالَ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً قَالَ لَا أَجِدُهَا قَالَ صُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ قَالَ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ قَالَ خُذْ هَذَا فَأَطْعِمْهُ عَنْكَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَفْقَرُ مِنَّا قَالَ كُلْهُ أَنْتَ وَعِيَالُكَ  

[Machine] And he (referring to someone) came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and mentioned that to him, so he (the Messenger of Allah) said to him, "Free a slave." He said, "I don't have the means to do so." He (the Messenger of Allah) said, "Can you fast for two consecutive months?" He said, "No." He (the Messenger of Allah) said, "Then feed sixty poor people." He said, "I can't find that." So he (the Messenger of Allah) said to Furwah bin Amr, who used to dry dates under the supervision of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , "Give him that bag." It contained fifteen sa' of dates. He (the Messenger of Allah) said, "Go and feed sixty poor people."  

وَأَنَّهُ أَتَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ «أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً» قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ «تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ؟» قَالَ لَا قَالَ «فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا» قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ فَقَالَ لِفَرْوَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو وَكَانَ يَخْرُصُ النَّخْلَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ «أَعْطِهِ ذَلِكَ الزِّنْبِيلَ» فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ قَالَ «اذْهَبْ فَأَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا»  

[Machine] Salman bin Sakhr al-Bayadi made a vow to his wife that he would not approach her until Ramadan was over. When half of Ramadan passed, she gained weight and became attractive to him. So, he covered her at night, and then he went to the Prophet ﷺ and asked him about this. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Free a slave." Salman replied that he couldn't afford it. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Fast for two consecutive months." Salman said that he was unable to do so. The Prophet ﷺ said, "Feed sixty poor people." Salman replied that he couldn't find that many. Then, someone brought the Prophet ﷺ a container containing fifteen or sixteen saa' of dates and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Take it and give it in charity to sixty poor people."  

أَنَّ سَلْمَانَ بْنَ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيَّ جَعَلَ امْرَأَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّهِ إِنْ غَشِيَهَا حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا مَضَى النِّصْفُ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ سَمُنَتْ وَتَرَبَّعَتْ فَأَعْجَبَتْهُُ فَغَشَاهَا لَيْلًا فَأَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَسَأَلَهُ عَنْ ذَلِكَ؟ فَقَالَ «أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً» قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ «صُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ» قَالَ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ «أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا» قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ فَأُتِيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِفَرَقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ فَقَالَ «خُذْهَا فَتَصَدَّقْ بِهِ عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا»  

[Machine] It is narrated that Salamah ibn Sakhr al-Bayadi made a condition with his wife that she would be like his mother's back to him, meaning he would not approach her intimately, until Ramadan passed. When half of Ramadan had passed, his wife gained weight and became beautiful to him, so he approached her intimately one night. Afterwards, he went to the Prophet ﷺ and mentioned what had happened to him. The Prophet advised him to set a slave free, but Salamah replied that he did not have one. The Prophet then advised him to fast for two consecutive months, but Salamah said he was unable to. The Prophet then advised him to feed sixty poor people, but Salamah said he could not find that many. Finally, the Prophet brought a container filled with dates, estimated to be fifteen or sixteen saa' (a type of measurement), and told him to give it as charity to sixty poor people.  

أَنَّ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ صَخْرٍ الْبَيَاضِيِّ جَعَلَ امْرَأَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّهِ إِنْ غَشِيَهَا حَتَّى يَمْضِيَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا مَضَى النِّصْفُ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ سَمُنَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَتَرَبَّعَتْ فَأَعْجَبَتْهُ فَغَشِيَهَا لَيْلًا ثُمَّ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ أَعْتِقْ رَقَبَةً فَقَالَ لَا أَجِدُ فَقَالَ صُمْ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ فَقَالَ لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ قَالَ أَطْعِمْ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا قَالَ لَا أَجِدُ قَالَ فَأُتِيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِعَرَقٍ فِيهِ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا أَوْ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا فَقَالَ تَصَدَّقْ بِهَذَا عَلَى سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا وَكَذَلِكَ  

"عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ بْن صَخْرٍ الأَنْصَارِىِّ: أَنَّهُ جَعَلَ امْرَأتَهُ عَلَيْهِ كَظَهْرِ أُمِّه حَتَّى يَمْضِىَ رَمَضَانُ، فَسَمِنَتْ وَتَرَبَّعَتْ، فَوَقَعَ عَلَيْهَا فِى النِّصْفِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ، فَأَتَى النَّبِىَّ ﷺ كَأنَّهُ يُعَظِّمُ ذَلِكَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ : أَتَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُعْتِقَ رَقَبَةً؟ فَقَالَ: لاَ، قَالَ: أَفَتَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرَيْنِ مُتَتَابِعَيْنِ؟ قَالَ: لاَ، قَالَ: أَفَتَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تُطعِمَ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا؟ قَالَ: لاَ، فَقالَ النَّبِىُّ ﷺ يَا فَرْوَةُ بْنَ عمرو! أَعْطِهِ ذَلِكَ الْعَذْقَ (*) - وَهُوَ مَكِيلٌ يَأخُذُ خَمْسَةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا أَوْ سِتَّةَ عَشَرَ صَاعًا، فَلْيُطْعِمْهُ سِتِّينَ مِسْكِينًا، فَقَالَ: أَعَلَى أَفْقَرَ مِنِّى؟ فَوَالَّذى بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ، مَا بَينَ لاَبَتَيْهَا أَهْلُ بَيْتٍ أَحْوَجُ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا، فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: اذْهَبْ بِهِ إِلَى أَهْلِكَ".  

"The Prophet would dislike to sleep before Isha and to talk after it."  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَكْرَهُ النَّوْمَ قَبْلَ الْعِشَاءِ وَالْحَدِيثَ بَعْدَهَا قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ وَعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَأَنَسٍ  

the Messenger of Allah said: "On the first night of the month of Ramadan, the Shayatin are shackled, the jinns are restrained, the gates of the Fires are shut such that no gate among them would be opened. The gates of Paradise are opened such that no gate among them would be closed, and a caller calls: 'O seeker of the good; come near!' and 'O seeker of evil; stop! For there are those whom Allah frees from the Fire.' And that is every night."  

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَمَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَفُتِّحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَذَلِكَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ وَابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَسَلْمَانَ  

“When the first night of Ramadan comes, the satans and mischievous jinns are chained up, and the gates of the Fire are closed, and none of its gates are opened. The gates of Paradise are opened and none of its gates are closed. And a caller cries out: ‘O seeker of good, proceed, O seeker of evil, stop.’ And Allah has necks (people) whom He frees (from the Fire), and that happens every day.”  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ إِذَا كَانَتْ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَمَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَذَلِكَ فِي كُلِّ لَيْلَةٍ  

“When the first night of Ramadan comes, the satans and mischievous jinns are chained up, and the gates of the Fire are closed, and none of its gates are opened. The gates of Paradise are opened and none of its gates are closed. And a caller cries out: ‘O seeker of good, proceed, O seeker of evil, stop.’ And Allah has necks (people) whom He frees (from the Fire), and that happens every day.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1642)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ وَمَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجِنَانِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ»  

“When the first night of Ramadan comes, the satans and mischievous jinns are chained up, and the gates of the Fire are closed, and none of its gates are opened. The gates of Paradise are opened and none of its gates are closed. And a caller cries out: ‘O seeker of good, proceed, O seeker of evil, stop.’ And Allah has necks (people) whom He frees (from the Fire), and that happens every day.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1642)   

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ شَهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ مَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجَنَّةِ فَلَمْ يُغْلَقْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَمُنَادٍ يُنَادِي يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبَلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ وَذَلِكَ كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ»  

“When the first night of Ramadan comes, the satans and mischievous jinns are chained up, and the gates of the Fire are closed, and none of its gates are opened. The gates of Paradise are opened and none of its gates are closed. And a caller cries out: ‘O seeker of good, proceed, O seeker of evil, stop.’ And Allah has necks (people) whom He frees (from the Fire), and that happens every day.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1642)   

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا كَانَ أَوَّلُ لَيْلَةٍ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدَتِ الشَّيَاطِينُ مَرَدَةُ الْجِنِّ وَغُلِّقَتْ أَبْوَابُ النَّارِ فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَفُتِحَتْ أَبْوَابُ الْجِنَّانِ فَلَا يُغْلَقُ مِنْهَا بَابٌ وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ يَا بَاغِيَ الْخَيْرِ أَقْبِلْ وَيَا بَاغِيَ الشَّرِّ أَقْصِرْ وَلِلَّهِ عُتَقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ  

“When the first night of Ramadan comes, the satans and mischievous jinns are chained up, and the gates of the Fire are closed, and none of its gates are opened. The gates of Paradise are opened and none of its gates are closed. And a caller cries out: ‘O seeker of good, proceed, O seeker of evil, stop.’ And Allah has necks (people) whom He frees (from the Fire), and that happens every day.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1642)   

"إذَا كانَ أوَّلُ لْيلةٍ مِنْ شهْرِ رَمَضَانَ صُفِّدتْ الشَّيَاطِينُ ومردَةُ الجنِّ، وغُلِّقت أبْوابُ النَّارِ، فَلَمْ يُفْتَحْ مِنْها بابٌ، وفُتِّحتْ أبْوابُ الجنّةِ، فَلَمْ يُغلَقْ منْها بَابٌ، وينادِى مُنادٍ كُلَّ ليلةٍ: يا باغي الخير أقْبِلْ، ويا باغِى الشَّرِ أَقْصِرْ، ولله عُتقَاءُ مِنَ النَّارِ، وذلِكَ كُلَّ ليلةٍ".  

the Prophet said: "Do not precede the month with a day nor with two days, unless that fast falls on a day that one of you would have (normally) fasted. Fast with its sighting and break fast with its sighting, and if it is cloudy, then count for thirty days, and then break (the fast)."  

قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ لاَ تَقَدَّمُوا الشَّهْرَ بِيَوْمٍ وَلاَ بِيَوْمَيْنِ إِلاَّ أَنْ يُوَافِقَ ذَلِكَ صَوْمًا كَانَ يَصُومُهُ أَحَدُكُمْ صُومُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَأَفْطِرُوا لِرُؤْيَتِهِ فَإِنْ غُمَّ عَلَيْكُمْ فَعُدُّوا ثَلاَثِينَ ثُمَّ أَفْطِرُوا رَوَى مَنْصُورُ بْنُ الْمُعْتَمِرِ عَنْ رِبْعِيِّ بْنِ حِرَاشٍ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِنَحْوِ هَذَا قَالَ وَفِي الْبَابِ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ