Messenger of Allah ﷺ came to my house while two girls were singing beside me the songs of Buath (a story about the war between the two tribes of the Ansar, the Khazraj and the Aus, before Islam). The Prophet ﷺ lay down and turned his face to the other side. Then Abu Bakr came and spoke to me harshly saying, "Musical instruments of Satan near the Prophet ﷺ ?" Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned his face towards him and said, "Leave them." When Abu Bakr became inattentive, I signaled to those girls to go out and they left. It was the day of ʿId, and the Black people were playing with shields and spears; so either I requested the Prophet ﷺ or he asked me whether I would like to see the display. I replied in the affirmative. Then the Prophet ﷺ made me stand behind him and my cheek was touching his cheek and he was saying, "Carry on! O Bani Arfida," till I got tired. The Prophet ﷺ asked me, "Are you satisfied (Is that sufficient for you)?" I replied in the affirmative and he told me to leave.  

دَخَلَ عَلَىَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعِنْدِي جَارِيَتَانِ تُغَنِّيَانِ بِغِنَاءِ بُعَاثَ فَاضْطَجَعَ عَلَى الْفِرَاشِ وَحَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ وَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَانْتَهَرَنِي وَقَالَ مِزْمَارَةُ الشَّيْطَانِ عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ فَقَالَ دَعْهُمَا فَلَمَّا غَفَلَ غَمَزْتُهُمَا فَخَرَجَتَا وَكَانَ يَوْمَ عِيدٍ يَلْعَبُ السُّودَانُ بِالدَّرَقِ وَالْحِرَابِ فَإِمَّا سَأَلْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَإِمَّا قَالَ تَشْتَهِينَ تَنْظُرِينَ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ فَأَقَامَنِي وَرَاءَهُ خَدِّي عَلَى خَدِّهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ دُونَكُمْ يَا بَنِي أَرْفِدَةَ حَتَّى إِذَا مَلِلْتُ قَالَ حَسْبُكِ قُلْتُ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَاذْهَبِي  

That once Abu Bakr came to her on the day of ʿId-ul-Fitr or ʿId ul Adha while the Prophet ﷺ was with her and there were two girl singers with her, singing songs of the Ansar about the day of Buath. Abu Bakr said twice. "Musical instrument of Satan!" But the Prophet ﷺ said, "Leave them Abu Bakr, for every nation has an ʿId (i.e. festival) and this day is our ʿId."  

أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهَا وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ عِنْدَهَا يَوْمَ فِطْرٍ أَوْ أَضْحًى وَعِنْدَهَا قَيْنَتَانِ {تُغَنِّيَانِ} بِمَا تَقَاذَفَتِ الأَنْصَارُ يَوْمَ بُعَاثَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مِزْمَارُ الشَّيْطَانِ مَرَّتَيْنِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ دَعْهُمَا يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ إِنَّ لِكُلِّ قَوْمٍ عِيدًا وَإِنَّ عِيدَنَا هَذَا الْيَوْمُ  

that he heard the Prophet ﷺ saying, "From among my followers there will be some people who will consider illegal sexual intercourse, the wearing of silk, the drinking of alcoholic drinks and the use of musical instruments, as lawful. And there will be some people who will stay near the side of a mountain and in the evening their shepherd will come to them with their sheep and ask them for something, but they will say to him, 'Return to us tomorrow.' Allah will destroy them during the night and will let the mountain fall on them, and He will transform the rest of them into monkeys and pigs and they will remain so till the Day of Resurrection."  

وَاللَّهِ مَا كَذَبَنِي سَمِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ لَيَكُونَنَّ مِنْ أُمَّتِي أَقْوَامٌ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ الْحِرَ وَالْحَرِيرَ وَالْخَمْرَ وَالْمَعَازِفَ وَلَيَنْزِلَنَّ أَقْوَامٌ إِلَى جَنْبِ عَلَمٍ يَرُوحُ عَلَيْهِمْ بِسَارِحَةٍ لَهُمْ يَأْتِيهِمْ يَعْنِي الْفَقِيرَ لِحَاجَةٍ فَيَقُولُوا ارْجِعْ إِلَيْنَا غَدًا فَيُبَيِّتُهُمُ اللَّهُ وَيَضَعُ الْعَلَمَ وَيَمْسَخُ آخَرِينَ قِرَدَةً وَخَنَازِيرَ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came (to my apartment) while there were two girls with me singing the song of the Battle of Buʿāth. He lay down on the bed and turned around his face. Then Abū Bakr came and he scolded me and said: Oh! this musical instrument of the devil in the house of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned towards him and said, "Leave them alone."

When he ˹the Prophet˺ became unattentive, I hinted at them and they went out. It was the day of the ʿĪd ˹festival˺ and the black men were playing with shields and spears. ˹I do not remember˺ whether I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ or whether he asked me: "Would you like to watch?". I said: Yes. I stood behind him with his face parallel to my face, and he said: "O Banū Arfadah, be busy ˹in your sport.˺" until I was satiated. He said ˹to me˺, "Is that enough?" I said: Yes. Upon this he said, "Then go."  

دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعِنْدِي جَارِيَتَانِ تُغَنِّيَانِ بِغِنَاءِ بُعَاثٍ، فَاضْطَجَعَ عَلَى الْفِرَاشِ وَحَوَّلَ وَجْهَهُ۔ فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَانْتَهَرَنِي وَقَالَ: مِزْمَارُ الشَّيْطَانِ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ؟! فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: «دَعْهُمَا۔»

فَلَمَّا غَفَلَ غَمَزْتُهُمَا فَخَرَجَتَا، وَكَانَ يَوْمَ عِيدٍ يَلْعَبُ السُّودَانُ بِالدَّرَقِ وَالْحِرَابِ۔ فَإِمَّا سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَإِمَّا قَالَ: «تَشْتَهِينَ تَنْظُرِينَ؟» فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ۔ فَأَقَامَنِي وَرَاءَهُ خَدِّي عَلَى خَدِّهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: «دُونَكُمْ يَا بَنِي أَرْفَدَةَ۔» حَتَّى إِذَا مَلِلْتُ قَالَ: «حَسْبُكِ؟» قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ۔ قَالَ: «فَاذْهَبِي۔»  

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'What differentiates between the lawful and the unlawful is the Duff, and the voice (singing) for the wedding.'"  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَصْلُ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَلاَلِ وَالْحَرَامِ الدُّفُّ وَالصَّوْتُ فِي النِّكَاحِ  

that the Prophet of Allah ﷺ said regarding the bell ˹that it is˺ the flute of Satan."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ فِي الْجَرَسِ مِزْمَارُ الشَّيْطَانِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Bells are the musical instruments of Satan." In another narration by Sulayman, it is mentioned as "the musical instrument of devils."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الْجَرَسُ مَزَامِيرُ الشَّيْطَانِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ سُلَيْمَانَ مِزْمَارُ الشَّيَاطِينِ  

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "In this Ummah there shall be collapse of the earth and eruption." A man among the Muslims said: "O Messenger of Allah! When is that?" He said: "When singing slave-girls, musical instruments, and alcohol spread."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ فِي هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ خَسْفٌ وَمَسْخٌ وَقَذْفٌ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَمَتَى ذَاكَ قَالَ إِذَا ظَهَرَتِ الْقَيْنَاتُ وَالْمَعَازِفُ وَشُرِبَتِ الْخُمُورُ  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “People among my nation will drink wine, calling it by another name, and musical instruments will be played for them and singing girls (will sing for them). Allah will cause the earth to swallow them up, and will turn them into monkeys and pigs.”  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَيَشْرَبَنَّ نَاسٌ مِنْ أُمَّتِي الْخَمْرَ يُسَمُّونَهَا بِغَيْرِ اسْمِهَا يُعْزَفُ عَلَى رُءُوسِهِمْ بِالْمَعَازِفِ وَالْمُغَنِّيَاتِ يَخْسِفُ اللَّهُ بِهِمُ الأَرْضَ وَيَجْعَلُ مِنْهُمُ الْقِرَدَةَ وَالْخَنَازِيرَ  

“We were in Al-Madinah on the Say of 'Ashura and the girls were beating the Daff and singing. We entered upon Rubai' bint Mu'awwidh and mentioned that to her. She said: 'The Messenger of Allah entered upon me on the morning of my wedding, and there were two girls with me who were singing and mentioning the qualities of my forefathers who were killed on the Day of Badr. One of the things they were saying was: “Among us there is a Prophet who knows what will happen tomorrow.” He said: “Do not say this, for no one knows what will happen tomorrow except Allah.”  

كُنَّا بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَالْجَوَارِي يَضْرِبْنَ بِالدُّفِّ وَيَتَغَنَّيْنَ فَدَخَلْنَا عَلَى الرُّبَيِّعِ بِنْتِ مُعَوِّذٍ فَذَكَرْنَا ذَلِكَ لَهَا فَقَالَتْ دَخَلَ عَلَىَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَبِيحَةَ عُرْسِي وَعِنْدِي جَارِيَتَانِ تُغَنِّيَانِ وَتَنْدُبَانِ آبَائِي الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ وَتَقُولاَنِ فِيمَا تَقُولاَنِ وَفِينَا نَبِيٌّ يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي غَدٍ فَقَالَ أَمَّا هَذَا فَلاَ تَقُولُوهُ مَا يَعْلَمُ مَا فِي غَدٍ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ  

that the Prophet passed by some part of Al-Madinah and saw some girls beating their Daff And singing, saying: “We are girls from Banu Najjar what an excellent neighbor is Muhammad.” The Prophet said: “Allah knows that you are dear to me.”  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَرَّ بِبَعْضِ الْمَدِينَةِ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِجَوَارٍ يَضْرِبْنَ بِدُفِّهِنَّ وَيَتَغَنَّيْنَ وَيَقُلْنَ نَحْنُ جَوَارٍ مِنْ بَنِي النَّجَّارِ يَا حَبَّذَا مُحَمَّدٌ مِنْ جَارِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَعْلَمُ اللَّهُ إِنِّي لأُحِبُّكُنَّ  

“I was with Ibn Umar, and he heard the sound of a drum, so he put his fingers in his ears and turned away. He did that three times, then he said: “This is what I saw the Messenger of Allah do.' ”  

فَسَمِعَ صَوْتَ طَبْلٍ فَأَدْخَلَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَنَحَّى حَتَّى فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا فَعَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Do not trade with female singers."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا تَبِيعُوا الْمُغَنِّيَاتِ  

Ibn Umar heard the sound of a shepherd's flute and placed his fingers in his ears, steering his mount away from the path, while asking, 'O Nafi, do you hear it?' I would reply, 'Yes.' He continued until I said, 'No.' Then he removed his hands and brought his mount back to the path and said, 'I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do the same upon hearing the sound of a shepherd's flute.'  

أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ سَمِعَ صَوْتَ زَمَّارَةِ رَاعٍ فَوَضَعَ أُصْبُعَيْهِ فِي أُذُنَيْهِ وَعَدَلَ رَاحِلَتَهُ عَنِ الطَّرِيقِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ يَا نَافِعُ أَتَسْمَعُ؟ فَأَقُولُ نَعَمْ فَيَمْضِي حَتَّى قُلْتُ لَا فَوَضَعَ يَدَيْهِ وَأَعَادَ رَاحِلَتَهُ إِلَى الطَّرِيقِ وَقَالَ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَسَمِعَ صَوْتَ زَمَّارَةِ رَاعٍ فَصَنَعَ مِثْلَ هَذَا  

[Machine] I said to Muhammad bin Hatib, "I married two women, and there was no sound in either of them," meaning the sound of a drum. So Muhammad said, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The distinction between what is permissible and what is forbidden is the sound of the drum."  

قُلْتُ لِمُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَاطِبٍ تَزَوَّجْتُ امْرَأَتَيْنِ مَا كَانَ فِي وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا صَوْتٌ يَعْنِي دُفًّا فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَصْلُ مَا بَيْنَ الْحَلَالِ وَالْحَرَامِ الصَّوْتُ بِالدُّفِّ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "I have been sent as a mercy and guidance to the worlds, to eradicate idols, musical instruments, flutes, and the practices of the pre-Islamic era."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «بُعِثْتُ رَحْمَةً وَهَدًى لِلْعَالَمِينَ لِمَحْقِ الْأَوْثَانِ وَالْمَعَازِفِ وَالْمَزَامِيرِ وَأَمْرِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ»  

from the Prophet ﷺ that he said, "Indeed, Allah has forbidden the teaching of female singers, the buying and selling of them, and the consumption of their earnings."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ اللهَ حَرَّمَ تَعْلِيمَ الْمُغَنِّيَاتِ وَاشْتِرَاءَهُنَّ وَبَيْعَهُنَّ وَأَكْلَ أَثْمَانِهِنَّ»  

[Machine] "In this verse in the Quran, it says: 'O you who have believed, indeed, intoxicants, gambling, [sacrificing on] stone alters [to other than Allah], and divining arrows are but defilement from the work of Satan, so avoid it that you may be successful.' [Surah Al-Ma'idah 5:90] It is mentioned in the Torah that Allah sent the truth to eliminate falsehood and to abolish play, the flute, the tambourine, stringed instruments, and wind instruments. Ibn Rajaa added in his narration that it also includes images, poetry, and wine. Whoever tastes it swears by his right hand and his honor that he will make him (the one who drinks it) thirsty on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever leaves it after it has been forbidden, I will give him to drink from the pond of al-Quds (Jerusalem). Abu 'Ubayd mentioned that the term 'al-mazahir' is a singular form of 'mizhar' which means the oud (musical instrument) that is struck. And as for the term 'al-kinanat', it is said to refer to the sticks (used for percussion instruments), and it is also said that it refers to tambourines. And as for the term 'al-kubah', it means what is mentioned in another raised narration, and Muhammad bin Kathir informed me that the term 'al-kubah' refers to dice in the dialect of the people of Yemen, and others said it refers to drums. Sheikh [referring to a person, not a translation of the word] said..."  

فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ فِي الْقُرْآنِ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّمَا الْخَمْرُ وَالْمَيْسِرُ وَالْأَنْصَابُ وَالْأَزْلَامُ رِجْسٌ مِنْ عَمَلِ الشَّيْطَانِ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ} [المائدة 90] قَالَ هِيَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ إِنَّ اللهَ أَنْزَلَ الْحَقَّ لِيُذْهِبَ بِهِ الْبَاطِلَ وَيُبْطِلَ بِهِ اللَّعِبَ وَالزَّفْنَ وَالْمِزْمَارَاتِ وَالْمَزَاهِرَ وَالْكِنَّارَاتِ زَادَ ابْنُ رَجَاءٍ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ وَالتَّصَاوِيرَ وَالشِّعْرَ وَالْخَمْرَ فَمَنْ طَعِمَهَا أَقْسَمَ بِيَمِينِهِ وَعِزَّتِهِ لَمَنْ شَرِبَهَا بَعْدَمَا حَرَّمْتُهَا لَأُعَطِّشَنَّهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ تَرَكَهَا بَعْدَمَا حَرَّمْتُهَا سَقَيْتُهُ إِيَّاهَا مِنْ حَظِيرَةِ الْقُدُسِ قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ قَوْلُهُ الْمَزَاهِرُ وَاحِدُهَا مِزْهَرٌ وَهُوَ الْعُودُ الَّذِي يُضْرَبُ بِهِ وَأَمَّا الْكِنَّارَاتُ فَيُقَالُ إِنَّهَا الْعِيدَانُ أَيْضًا وَيُقَالُ بَلِ الدُّفُوفُ وَأَمَّا الْكُوبَةُ يَعْنِي الْمَذْكُورَةَ فِي خَبَرٍ آخَرَ مَرْفُوعٍ فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ كَثِيرٍ أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ الْكُوبَةَ النَّرْدُ فِي كَلَامِ أَهْلِ الْيَمَنِ وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ الطَّبْلُ قَالَ الشَّيْخُ  

[Machine] In this verse, {those who purchase idle talk} [Luqman 6], it is said that it was revealed concerning singing and similar things.  

فِي هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {مَنْ يَشْتَرِي لَهْوَ الْحَدِيثِ} [لقمان 6] قَالَ نَزَلَتْ فِي الْغِنَاءِ وَأَشْبَاهِهِ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said: Indeed, Allah has forbidden you from consuming alcohol, gambling, and drumming. And he said: Every intoxicant is prohibited.  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى حَرَّمَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْخَمْرَ وَالْمَيْسِرَ وَالْكُوبَةَ وَهُوَ الطَّبْلُ وَقَالَ كُلُّ مُسْكِرٍ حَرَامٌ  

[Machine] The passage translates to: "The drum is forbidden, musical instruments are forbidden, drumming is forbidden, and the flute is forbidden."  

الدُّفُّ حَرَامٌ وَالْمَعَازِفُ حَرَامٌ وَالْكُوبَةُ حَرَامٌ وَالْمِزْمَارُ حَرَامٌ  

[Machine] On the day of your fasting, start well-groomed and refreshed, and do not appear sullen. Accept the invitation of anyone among the Muslims who invites you, unless they openly use musical instruments; if they do, do not accept their invitation. Pray for those who have died among the people of our Qibla (direction of prayer), even if they were crucified or stoned. It is better for you to meet God with sins as numerous as the fill of the earth than to testify against someone from the people of the Qibla.  

"أَصْبِحْ يوْمَ صوْمِكَ دَهينًا مُتَرجِّلًا، ولا تُصْبِح يومَ صومِكَ عَبُوسًا، وأجبْ دعوةَ من دَعاكَ مِنَ المسلمينَ ما لم يُظهرُوا المعازِفَ؛ فإِذا أَظْهروا المعازِفَ فلا تُجبْهم، وَصَلِّ على مَنْ ماتَ أهلِ قبِلَتنا وإنْ كان مصلوبًا، أَوْ مَرْجُومًا، وَلأَنْ تلْقَى الله بمثل قِرابِ الأَرضِ ذُنوبًا خيرٌ لَكَ مَنْ أَنْ تَبُتَّ الشهادةَ على أَحدٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ القبلةِ".  

[Machine] "I have been forbidden from two foolish and immoral sounds: a sound during entertainment, amusement, and the devil's instruments, and a sound during calamity: scratching faces, tearing garments, and the devil's wailing. This was said when it was remarked: 'You cry for the death of your son Ibrahim, although you have forbidden crying?'"  

"إِنَّمَا نهِيتُ عن صَوْتين أحْمَقَيْن فاجرين: صوتٍ عند نغمةِ لَهْوٍ ولعبٍ وَمِعْزَف شيطانِ وصوتٍ عند مصيبةٍ: خمِش وجوهٍ، وَشَق جيوبٍ، وَرَنَّةٍ شيطانِ قال ذلك حين قيل: تبكى لموتِ ابنِك إِبراهيمَ وقد نَهيتَ عن البكاءِ؟ ".  

[Machine] "It is greatly detested by God to eat without hunger, sleep without sleeplessness, laugh without wonder, wail at a misfortune, and play the flute at a blessing."  

"كبُرَ مَقْتًا عِنْدَ الله الأَكْلُ مِنْ غَيرِ جُوعٍ، والنَّوْمُ مِنْ (غَيرِ) سَهَر، والضَّحِكُ مِنْ غَيرِ عَجَبٍ، وصَوْتُ الرَّنَّةِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ، والْمِزْمَارُ عِنْدَ الْنَعْمَة".  

[Machine] "Two sounds are cursed in this world and the hereafter: a wind instrument at the time of blessing, and wailing at the time of calamity."  

"صَوْتَانِ مَلعونَانِ فِي الدُّنْيَا والآخِرَةِ: مِزْمَارٌ عِنْدَ نِعْمَةٍ، وَرَنَّةٌ عِنْدَ مُصِيبَة".