#ashura null (3)

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ arrived in Medina and found the Jews fasting on the day of Ashura. He asked them, "What is this?" They replied, "This is the day on which Allah saved Musa (Moses) and drowned Pharaoh. So, Musa fasted out of gratitude to Allah, and we also fast on this day." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "We have more right to Musa and are closer to him than you are." So, he fasted on that day and commanded others to do so. [231] 2849 Isma'il ibn Ya'qub al-Harrani as-Sabihi reported to us, saying: Ibn Musa, the son of A'yan, reported to us, saying: My father reported to us from al-Harith, meaning the son of 'Umayr, from Ayyub, from Abdullah ibn Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from his father, from Ibn Abbas of similar account.

قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ فَوَجَدَ الْيَهُودَ يَصُومُونَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَسَأَلَهُمْ مَا هَذَا؟ فَقَالُوا يَوْمٌ أَنْجَى اللهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى وَأَغْرَقَ فِيهِ فِرْعَوْنَ فَصَامَهُ مُوسَى شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ فَنَحْنُ نَصُومُهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «فَنَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِمُوسَى وَأَوْلَى بِصِيَامِهِ» فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ [231] 2849 أَخْبَرَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ الْحَرَّانِيُّ الصَّبِيحِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مُوسَى وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَعْيَنَ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي عَنِ الْحَارِثِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ عُمَيْرٍ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ نَحْوَهُ

“That was a day when the people of the Ignorance used to fast. So whoever among you wants to fast may do so, and whoever does not want to may leave it.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1737)

أَنَّهُ ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «كَانَ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَنْ كَرِهَهُ فَلْيَدَعْهُ»

"كَانَ عَاشُوراءُ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ أهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، لمَنْ أحَبَّ مِنْكمْ أنْ يَصُوَمَهُ فلَيَصُمْه، وَمَنْ كَرِهَهُ فَلْيَدَعَهُ".

[Machine] It was the day of Ashura for the people of Yathrib, where the women would adorn themselves with their special clothes. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Go against them and fast on this day."

كَانَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ لِأَهْلِ يَثْرِبَ تَلْبَسُ فِيهِ النِّسَاءُ شَارَتَهُنَّ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «خَالِفُوهُمْ فَصُومُوهُ»

[Machine] About his uncle, that they visited the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Ashura and they had had breakfast. So he asked them, "Are you fasting today?" They said, "We had breakfast, so he ordered us to complete the rest of our day and said to them, 'Complete the rest of your day.'"

عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَنَّهُمْ غَدَوْا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَقَدْ أَصَابُوا مِنَ الْغَدَاءِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ «أَصُمْتُمُ الْيَوْمَ؟» قَالَ قُلْنَا قَدْ أَصَبْنَا مِنَ الْغَدَاءِ فَأَمَرَنَا أَنْ نُتِمَّ بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِنَا وَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَتِمُّوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِكُمْ

[Machine] We went to the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , on the morning of Ashura and he asked us, "Have you fasted?" We said, "We have had our morning meal, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "Then fast for the rest of your day." Abu Abdur Rahman said, "Muhammad ibn Bakr is not strong in narrating hadiths."

غَدَوْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ صَبِيحَةَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَقَالَ لَنَا «أَصْبَحْتُمْ صُيَّامًا؟» قُلْنَا قَدْ تَغَدَّيْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ «فَصُومُوا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِكُمْ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ «مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ لَيْسَ بِالْقَوِيِّ فِي الْحَدِيثِ»

[Machine] I heard the Prophet ﷺ on the day of Ashura saying, "Indeed, I am fasting, so whoever wants to fast may do so." He then sent a message to the people of Al-Awali saying, "Whoever has eaten should not eat, and whoever has not eaten should complete their fast." Abu Abdullah Al-Rahman said, "This last statement is a mistake. We do not know of anyone among the companions of Al-Zuhri who followed it and disagreed with Qutaybah."

سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ يَقُولُ «إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيَصُمْ» وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَهْلِ الْعَوَالِي فَقَالَ «مَنْ أَكَلَ فَلَا يَأْكُلْ وَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَكَلَ فَلْيُتِمَّ صَوْمَهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا الْكَلَامُ الْأَخِيرُ خَطَأٌ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الزُّهْرِيِّ تَابَعَهُ عَلَيْهِ خَالَفَهُ قُتَيْبَةُ

[Machine] I heard Muawiyah on the day of Ashura while he was on the pulpit in the city saying, "Where are your scholars, O people of Medina? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying on this day, 'I am fasting, so whoever among you wants to fast, let them fast.'" Abu Abdur Rahman said, "This statement is more correct than the hadith of Muhammad ibn Mansur and the other speech is incorrect."

سَمِعْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ يَقُولُ أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ؟ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ فِي هَذَا الْيَوْمِ «إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَ فَلْيَصُمْ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا أَوْلَى بِالصَّوَابِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ وَالْكَلَامُ الْآخَرُ خَطَأٌ

[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , say on this day, "This is the day of Ashura, and Allah has not obligated fasting on you. But I am fasting, so whoever among you wishes to fast, let him fast, and whoever does not wish to fast, let him break his fast." Abu Abdur-Rahman said, "This is an incorrect hadith, and we do not know of any of the companions of Az-Zuhri who narrated this hadith from Abu Salamah except for this. The correct narration is from Humaid bin Abdul Rahman."

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ لِهَذَا الْيَوْمِ «هَذَا يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَلَمْ يَكْتُبِ اللهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ وَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ وَمَنْ كَرِهَ فَلْيَدَعْهُ» قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ خَطَأٌ لَا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الزُّهْرِيِّ قَالَ فِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ غَيْرَ هَذَا وَالصَّوَابُ حُمَيْدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to a man who became Muslim after the morning of the day of Ashura: "Go to your people and command them to fast this day." The new Muslim asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what if I find someone from them eating?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Then let him complete his fast."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا أَصْبَحَ مِنْ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ «اذْهَبْ إِلَى قَوْمِكَ فَمُرْهُمْ فَلْيَصُومُوا هَذَا الْيَوْمَ» قَالَ الْأَسْلَمِيُّ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ وَجَدْتُ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ تَغَدَّى؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «فَلْيُتِمَّ صِيَامَهُ»

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered us to fast on Ashura before Ramadan arrived, but when Ramadan arrived, he did not order us or forbid us.

«أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِصِيَامِ عَاشُورَاءَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا»

[Machine] "Do you know what the day of Ashura is? It was a day that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to fast before the month of Ramadan was revealed. But when Ramadan was revealed, he abandoned it."

أَوَتَدْرِي مَا يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ؟ إِنَّمَا كَانَ يَوْمًا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَصُومُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ رَمَضَانُ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ تَرَكَ

"We used to fast on 'Ashura and give Zakatul-Fitr, and when the command to fast in Ramadan was revealed, and the command to give Zakah was revealed, we were neither commanded to give it, nor told not to do so, and we used to do it." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 2506)

«كُنَّا نَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَنُؤَدِّي زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ وَنَزَلَتِ الزَّكَاةُ لَمْ نُؤْمَرْ بِهِ وَلَمْ نُنْهَ عَنْهُ وَكُنَّا نَفْعَلُهُ»

[Machine] Abdullah said, "We used to fast on Ashura, but when Ramadan came, we were not commanded to fast nor prohibited from it, and we continued to observe it."

عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ نَحْوَ «كُنَّا نَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ نُؤْمَرْ بِهِ وَلَمْ نُنْهَ عَنْهُ وَكُنَّا نَفْعَلُهُ»

[Machine] Abdullah said, "Today is a voluntary fast for me before Ramadan. If you wish to break your fast, break it."

عَبْدُ اللهِ «كَانَ هَذَا الْيَوْمُ نَصُومُهُ قَبْلَ رَمَضَانَ فَإِنْ شِئْتَ أَنْ تَطْعَمَ فَادْنُه فَاطْعَمْ»

[Machine] I saw someone ordering the fasting on the day of Ashura from Ali and Abu Musa.

رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا كَانَ آمَرَ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ مِنْ عَلِيٍّ وَأَبِي مُوسَى ؓ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If I am spared, I will definitely order the observance of fasting on a day before or after the day of Ashura."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَئِنْ بُقِّيتُ لَآمُرَنَّ بِصِيَامِ يَوْمٍ قَبْلَهُ أَوْ يَوْمٍ بَعْدَهُ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ

" لَئِنْ بَقيتُ أمَرْتُ بِصِيَامِ يَوْم قَبْلَهُ أوْ يَوْمٍ بَعْدَهُ يَوْمُ عَاشُوراءَ".

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "If I reach Qabil (a place) safely, I will fast the ninth day."

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَئِنْ سَلِمْتُ إِلَى قَابِلٍ لَأَصُومَنَّ الْيَوْمَ التَّاسِعَ

[Machine] About Ibn Abbas, similarly stood.

عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ كَذَلِكَ مَوْقُوفًا

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Fast on the Day of Ashura and differ from the Jews in it. Fast a day before it or a day after it. This is the wording of Al-Muqri' (knowledgeable person), and in the narration of Ibn 'Abdan, fast a day before it and a day after it, and this is the meaning."

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ صُومُوا يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَخَالِفُوا فِيهِ الْيَهُودَ صُومُوا قَبْلَهُ يَوْمًا أَوْ بَعْدَهُ يَوْمًا هَذَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ الْمُقْرِئِ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ ابْنِ عَبْدَانَ صُومُوا قَبْلَهُ يَوْمًا وَبَعْدَهُ يَوْمًا وَبِمَعْنَاهُ

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to command us to fast on the day of Ashura and encouraged us to do so. He would remind us about it and remind us in his presence. But when Ramadan was prescribed, he did not command or forbid us from fasting on the day of Ashura, and he did not emphasize it in his presence. This is the wording of the hadith narrated by Ubaydullah.

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ

إيتِ قومك، فمن أدركتَ منْهم لم يأكلْ فَلْيَصُمْ، ومن طَعِم فَلْيَصُمْ ".

"خَالِفُوهُمْ، صُومُوا أَنْتُمْ".

" عَنْ عَلِىٍّ قَالَ: كَانَ النَّبِى ﷺ يَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَأمُرُ بِهِ".

"أَنا أَوْلَى بموسى، وأَحق بصيَامِه مِنْكم" .

"عَاشُوراءُ يَوُم التاسِع".

"عَاشُوراءُ يومُ العَاشِرِ".

"صِيامُ يَوَم عَرَفَةَ يَعْدِل السَّنَةَ وَالتَّى تَلِيها، وَصِيَامُ عاشوراءَ يَعْدِلُ سَنَةً".

"صِيَام كل يَوم مِن أَيام عَاشُوراءَ كصيام شَهرٍ، وصيَام عرفَه كَصِيَام أرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ شَهْرًا".

"يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ عِيدُ نَبِىٍّ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ، فَصُومُوهُ أَنْتُمْ".

"مَنِ اكْتَحَلَ بالإِثْمِدِ يَومَ عَاشُورَاءَ لَمْ يَرْمَدْ أَبَدًا".

"مَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَليَصُمْهُ، وَمَنْ لَمْ يُحِبَّ فَليَدَعْهُ".

"مَنْ أَكَلَ مِنْكُمْ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فلا بَقيَّةَ يَوْمِه، وَمَنْ لَمْ يَأكُلْ فَليُتِمَّ صَوْمَه".

"نَحْنُ أَحَقُّ بِصَوْمِهِ".

"مَنْ صَامَ الزِّينَةَ أَدْرَكَ مَا فَاتَهُ مِنْ صِيَامِ السّنَة -يعني- يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ".

"عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ قَالَ: صِيَامُ يَوْمِ عَرَفَةَ يَعْدِلُ سَنَةً قَبْلَهُ وَسَنَةً بَعْدَهُ، وَصَوْمُ عَاشُوَراءَ كَفَّارَةُ سَنَة".

"عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ المُسَيَّب: أَنَّ النَّبِىَّ ﷺ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ أَمَرُوا بِصومِ عَاشُوراءَ".

"إِنَّ نوحًا هَبَطَ من السفينة عَلَى الجودِىِّ يومَ عاشُوراءَ، فصامَ نُوحٌ وَأَمَرَ من مَعَهُ بصيامه شُكْرًا للَّه، وفى يَوْمِ عَاشوراءَ تَابَ اللَّه عَلَى آدَم، وعَلَى أَهْلِ مدينةِ يُونُسَ، وفيهِ فُلِقَ الْبَحْرُ لِبَنِى إِسرائيلَ، وفيه وَلِدَ إبراهيمُ وابْنُ مَرْيَمَ".

[Machine] Rajab is a great month; in it Allah multiplies good deeds. Whoever fasts one day of Rajab, it is as though he fasted a year; whoever fasts seven days of it, the gates of Hell are closed to him; whoever fasts eight days of it, the eight gates of Paradise are opened for him; whoever fasts ten days of it, he will ask Allah for nothing except that He gives it to him; whoever fasts fifteen days of it, a caller from the sky will call out: “You have been forgiven for what has passed, so begin your deeds anew.” And whoever does more, God will increase for him.

And in Rajab Allah carried Noah in the Ark, so he fasted Rajab and ordered those with him to fast; and the Ark carried them for six months, the end of that being the Day of Ashura, when it came down upon al-Judi. So Noah and those with him, and the wild beasts, fasted in thanks to God, Most Glorified and Exalted. And on the Day of Ashura Allah split the sea for the Children of Israel; and on the Day of Ashura Allah accepted the repentance of Adam and of the city of Jonah; and on it Abraham was born.

"رجبٌ شَهْرٌ عظيمٌ، يضاعِفُ اللَّه فيهِ الحسنات، لمنْ صام يوْمًا مِنْ رجب فَكَأنَّما صام سنةً، ومنْ صام مِنْه سبْعةَ أَيَّام غُلِّقَتْ عَنْه أبْوابُ جهنَّمَ، ومنْ صام منْهُ ثَمانِيةَ أَيَّامٍ فُتِّحتْ لَه ثَمانِيةُ أَبْواب الجنِّةِ، ومنْ صام مِنهُ عشرةَ أَيَّامٍ لَمْ يسْأَل اللَّهَ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَعْطَاه، ومنْ صام مِنْه خَمْسة عشَر يوْمًا نَادى منَاد مِنَ السَّماءِ، قَدْ غُفِر لَكَ ما مضَى فَاستَأْنْفِ العملَ، ومنْ زاد زَاده اللَّه، وفى رجبٍ حَملَ اللَّه نُوحًا في السَّفينةَ فَصام رجب، وأَمر مَنْ معه أَنْ يصوموا فَجرتْ بهمْ السَّفِينَةُ سِتَّةَ أَشْهر، آخِرُ ذَلَكَ الْيَوْم يوْم عاشُوراءَ، اهْبطَ علَى الجودِىِّ، فَصَام نُوحٌ ومنْ معه، والْوحْشُ شُكْرًا للَّهِ ﷻ وفى يَوْم عَاشُورَاءَ فلَقَ اللَّهُ البَحْرَ لبنى إِسْرائِيل وفى يوم عاشُوراءَ تَاب اللَّه علَى آدم وعلَى مدِينةِ يونُس، وفِيهِ وُلِد إِبْراهِيم".