[Machine] "To let one person fight ten would be too heavy and burdensome for them, and it would also be difficult for them. So, that responsibility was taken away from them until one person would fight two. Then Allah revealed in that regard, 'If there are twenty steadfast among you...' until the end of the verse. Then He said, 'If it were not for a decree from Allah that preceded, you would have been touched for what you took by a great punishment.' By that, it means the spoils of Badr. If it were not for my leniency towards those who disobey me, I would have already punished them until I advance towards them."  

أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الْوَاحِدُ عَشْرَةً فَثَقُلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَوَضَعَ ذَلِكَ عَنْهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الْوَاحِدُ رَجُلَيْنِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي ذَلِكَ {إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ} إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ {لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} يَعْنِي غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ لَوْلَا أَنِّي لَا أُعَذِّبُ مَنْ عَصَانِي حَتَّى أَتَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ  

[Machine] We accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ without knowing the news of the people who had gathered against us. So we encountered the valley of Hunayn in the darkness of dawn, and it was a hollow valley among the valleys of Tihama. They were descending into it rapidly. He (the Messenger) said, "By Allah, people are following each other in a manner that they are not aware of anything, as the battalions have reached them from every direction." The people did not anticipate being defeated, so they started retreating.

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ then turned to the right side and said, "Where are you people? I am the Messenger of Allah and I am Muhammad ibn Abdullah." At that time, there was a large man riding a red camel with a black flag in his hand. He stabbed with it when he reached and pushed it from behind when he missed something in front of him. Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him) noticed him, as well as a man from the Ansar. Both of them intended to confront him.

Ali struck the two humps of the camel, causing it to fall on its side, while the Ansari man attacked his leg, causing him to fall and severing half of his leg. The people engaged in fighting until they faced defeat. Safwan ibn Umayyah's brother-in-law, who was present, said, "Indeed, magic has ended today." At that time, Safwan ibn Umayyah was a polytheist. He had suffered a blow from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ during the Battle of Uhud. Safwan said to him, "Be quiet, may Allah make your mouth useless." Then he said, "By Allah, a man from Quraysh supporting me is more beloved to me than a man from Hawazin supporting me."  

أَقْبَلْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا نَعْلَمُ بِخَبَرِ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ جَيَّشُوا لَنَا فَاسْتَقْبَلْنَا وَادِيَ حُنَيْنٍ فِي عَمَايَةِ الصُّبْحِ وَهُوَ وَادِي أَجْوَفُ مِنْ أَوْدِيَةِ تِهَامَةَ إِنَّمَا يَنْحَدِرُونَ فِيهِ انْحِدَارًا قَالَ فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّ النَّاسَ لَيُتَابِعُونَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ بِشَيْءٍ إِذْ فَجِئَهُمُ الْكَتَائِبُ مِنْ كُلِّ نَاحِيَةٍ فَلَمْ يَنْتَظِرِ النَّاسُ أَنِ انْهَزَمُوا رَاجِعِينَ قَالَ وَانْحَازَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ وَقَالَ «أَيْنَ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ؟ أَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَأَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ» وَكَانَ أَمَامَ هَوَازِنَ رَجُلٌ ضَخْمٌ عَلَى جَمَلٍ أَحْمَرَ فِي يَدِهِ رَايَةٌ سَوْدَاءُ إِذَا أُدْرِكَ طَعَنَ بِهَا وَإِذَا فَاتَهُ شَيْءٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ دَفَعَهَا مِنْ خَلْفِهِ فَرَصَدَ لَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ كِلَاهُمَا يُرِيدُهُ قَالَ فَضَرَبَ عَلِيٌّ عُرْقُوبَيِ الْجَمَلِ فَوَقَعَ عَلَى عَجُزِهِ وَضَرَبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ سَاقَهُ فَطَرَحَ قَدَمَهُ بِنِصْفِ سَاقِهِ فَوَقَعَ وَاقْتَتَلَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى كَانَتِ الْهَزِيمَةُ وَكَانَ أَخُو صَفْوَانَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ لِأُمِّهِ قَالَ أَلَا بَطَلَ السِّحْرُ الْيَوْمَ وَكَانَ صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ يَوْمَئِذٍ مُشْرِكًا فِي الْمُدَّةِ الَّتِي ضَرَبَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ صَفْوَانُ اسْكُتْ فَضَّ اللَّهُ فَاكَ فَوَاللَّهِ لَأَنْ يَلِيَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ يَلِيَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ هَوَازِنَ  

Al Bara’ said “When the Prophet ﷺ fought the polytheists in the battle of Hunain, they (the Muslims) retreated, he (the Prophet) came down from his mule and walked on foot. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2658)   

«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا لَقِيَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ نَزَلَ عَنْ بَغْلَتِهِ فَتَرَجَّلَ»  

[Machine] "When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ defeated a people, he preferred to spend three nights with them."  

«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا غَلَبَ قَوْمًا أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِعَرْصَتِهِمْ ثَلَاثًا»  

[Machine] "When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ would overcome a people, he preferred to stay with them for three nights, or he would say three days."  

«كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا غَلَبَ قَوْمًا أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِعَرْصَتِهِمْ ثَلَاثًا أَوْ قَالَ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ»  

[Machine] About Abu Talha, then indeed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered on the day of Badr twenty-four men from the ranks of the Quraish to be thrown into a pit in the valleys of Badr. And whenever he would appear before a people, he preferred to camp with them for three nights. So, on the third day, he commanded his camel to be saddled and he rode it and his companions followed him. They said, "We do not see him departing except for some of his needs." Until he reached the edge of the sand dune, then he called them by their names and their fathers' names, saying, "O so-and-so son of so-and-so, are you pleased that you have obeyed Allah and His Messenger? Verily, we have found what our Lord has promised us to be true. Have you found what your Lord promised you to be true?" Umar bin Al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) said, "O Messenger of Allah, are you speaking to bodies without souls?" The Prophet ﷺ said, "By the One in Whose hand is my soul, you do not hear what I say more than they do." Qatada said, "Allah has given them life until He made them hear rebuke, belittlement, punishment, regret, and remorse."  

عَنْ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ بِأَرْبَعَةٍ وَعِشْرِينَ رَجُلًا مِنْ صَنَادِيدِ قُرَيْشٍ فَقُذِفُوا فِي طَويٍّ مِنْ أَطْوَاءِ بَدْرٍ وَكَانَ إِذَا ظَهَرَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُقِيمَ بِعَرْصَتِهِمْ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الثَّالِثِ أَمَرَ بِرَاحِلَتِهِ فَشُدَّ عَلَيْهَا فَرَحَلَهَا ثُمَّ مَشَى وَتَبِعَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ فَقَالُوا مَا نَرَاهُ يَنْطَلِقُ إِلَّا لِبَعْضِ حَاجَتِهِ حَتَّى قَامَ عَلَى شَفَةَ الرَّكِيِّ فَجَعَلَ يُنَادِيهِمْ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ وَأَسْمَاءِ آبَائِهِمْ يَا فُلَانُ بْنَ فُلَانٍ أَيَسُرُّكُمْ أَنَّكُمْ أَطَعْتُمُ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ فَإِنَّا قَدْ وَجَدْنَا مَا وَعَدَنَا رَبُّنَا حَقًّا فَهَلْ وَجَدْتُمْ مَا وَعَدَ رَبُّكُمْ حَقًّا؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا تَكَلَّمَ مِنْ أَجْسَادٍ لَا أَرْوَاحَ لَهَا؟ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ مَا أَنْتُمْ بِأَسْمَعَ لِمَا أَقُولُ مِنْهُمْ» قَالَ قَتَادَةُ أَحْيَاهُمُ اللَّهُ حَتَّى أَسْمَعَهُمْ تَوْبِيخًا وَتَصْغِيرًا وَنِقْمَةً وَحَسْرَةً وَتَنَدُّمًا  

The Messenger of Allah ﷺ besieged the people of Ta'if, but did get victory over them. He said: God willing, we shall return. His Companions said: Shall we depart without having conquered it? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: (All right) make a raid in the morning. They did so. and were wounded (with the arrows showered upon them). So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: We shall depart tomorrow. (The narrator says): (Now) this (announcement) pleased them, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ laughed at (their waywardness). (Using translation from Muslim 1778)  

حَاصَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَهْلَ الطَّائِفِ فَلَمْ يَنَلْ مِنْهُمْ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ إِنَّا قَافِلُونَ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ فَقَالَ أَصْحَابُهُ نَرْجِعُ وَلَمْ نَفْتَحْ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «اغْدُوا عَلَى الْقِتَالِ» فَغَدَوْا عَلَيْهِ فَأَصَابَهُمْ جِرَاحٌ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّا قَافِلُونَ غَدًا» فَأَعْجَبَهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] "I was presented to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of Quraizah. They complained about me and it was said to me, 'Did you grow (pubic hair)?' So they searched me and found that I had not grown (pubic hair), so they let me go."  

«عُرِضْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ قُرَيْظَةَ فَشَكَّوْا فِيَّ فَقِيلَ لِي هَلْ أَنْبَتَّ فَفَتَّشُونِي فَوَجَدُونِي لَمْ أُنْبِتْ فَخُلِّيَ سَبِيلِي»  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Observe carefully: if the hair has grown, then kill it; otherwise, do not kill it.'"  

رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «انْظُرُوا فَإِنْ كَانَ أَنْبَتَ الشَّعْرَ فَاقْتُلُوهُ وَإِلَّا فَلَا تَقْتُلُوهُ»  

[Machine] Atiya al-Qurazi heard saying, "I was among those whom Saad ibn Muadh ruled over, but they couldn't find me so I was saved, and here I am."  

سَمِعَ عَطِيَّةَ الْقُرَظِيَّ يَقُولُ «كُنْتُ فِيمَنْ حَكَمَ فِيهِمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَلَمْ يَجِدُونِي أَنْبَتُّ فَاسْتُبْقِيتُ فَهَا أَنَا ذَا»  

[Machine] "I was the first to judge them, Saad brought me and I saw that he would kill me, so they uncovered my suffering and found that I did not grow, so they made me captive."  

«كُنْتُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ حَكَمَ فِيهِمْ سَعْدٌ فَجِيءَ بِي وَأَنَا أَرَى أَنَّهُ سَيَقْتُلُنِي فَكَشَفُوا عَنْ عَانَتِي فَوَجَدُونِي لَمْ أُنْبِتْ فَجَعَلُونِي فِي السَّبْيِ»  

"On the day of (the battle of) Al-Ahzab, Sa'd bin Mu'adh was struck by an arrow such that the upper vein or lower vein of his forearm was severed. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ tried to stop it with fire, but it made his arm bleed profusely so he left it. Then he did it another time but it caused it to bleed profusely. Upon seeing that he said: 'O Allah! Do not allow my soul depart until my eyes are comforted by elimination of Banu Quraizah.' He pressed his vein closed and it did not bleed a drop before they surrendered to the arbitration of Sa'd bin Mu'adh. He (the Prophet ﷺ) sent to him (Sa'd) who judged that their men should be killed, their women should be spared, and that the Muslims may share them among themselves. With this, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'You have judged according to Allah's judgement for them.' And they were four hundred. Then when he finished killing them, his vein opened up and he died." [He said:] There are narrations on this topic from Abu Sa'eed and 'Atiyyah Al-Qurazi. (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1582)   

رُمِيَ يَوْمَ الْأَحْزَابِ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَقَطَعُوا أَكْحَلَهُ فَحَسَمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالنَّارِ فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَتَرَكَهُ فَنَزَفَ الدَّمُ فَحَسَمَهُ أُخْرَى فَانْتَفَخَتْ يَدُهُ فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ قَالَ اللَّهُمَّ لَا تُخْرِجْ نَفْسِي حَتَّى تَقَرَّ عَيْنِي مِنْ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ فَاسْتَمْسَكَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَا قَطَرَ قَطْرَةً حَتَّى نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُعَاذٍ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ فَقَالَ تُقْتَلُ رِجَالُهُمْ وَتُسْتَحْيَى نِسَاؤُهُمْ وَذَرَارِيُّهُمْ فَغَنِمَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَصَبْتَ حُكْمَ اللَّهِ فِيهِمْ وَكَانُوا أَرْبَعَ مِائَةٍ فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَتْلِهِمْ انْفَتَقَ عِرْقُهُ فَمَاتَ»  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw a murdered woman during one of his journeys, so he forbade killing women and children."  

«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَأَى فِي بَعْضِ أَسْفَارِهِ امْرَأَةً مَقْتُولَةً فَنَهَى عَنْ قَتْلِ النِّسَاءِ وَالصِّبْيَانِ»  

[Machine] "The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was asked about the captives of the polytheists who are kept overnight, among whom are women and children. He replied, 'They are of them.'"  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُئِلَ عَنِ الذَّرَارِيِّ مِنْ دُورِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ يُبَيَّتُونَ وَفِيهِمُ النِّسَاءُ وَالصِّبْيَانُ فَقَالَ «هُمْ مِنْهُمْ»  

[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , there are three hadiths: He said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the children of the polytheists whether we should kill them along with their parents. He said, 'Yes, for they are from them.' Then he forbade it on the day of Hunayn and said, 'There is no immunity except for Allah and His Messenger.' So I halted a wild donkey for him, which was dedicated to idols, but he rejected it. He noticed that on my face and said, 'We only rejected it because it is prohibited.'"  

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثَةَ أَحَادِيثَ قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَوْلَادِ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَنْ نَقْتُلَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ مِنْهُمْ ثُمَّ نَهَى عَنْهُمْ يَوْمَ حُنَيْنٍ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا حِمَى إِلَّا لِلَّهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ» قَالَ فَصِدْتُ لَهُ حِمَارَ وَحْشٍ بِالْأَبْوَاءِ وَهُوَ مُحْرِمٌ فَرَدَّ ذَلِكَ فَعَرَفَ ذَلِكَ فِي وَجْهِي فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّا لَمْ نَرُدَّهُ عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا أَنَّا حُرُمٌ»  

[Machine] "I was among those who Saad bin Muadh made a judgement about. They had doubts about the safety of their descendants, whether it was from me or from the fighters. So they looked at my belly and did not find any signs of pregnancy. So I was cast into the tribe, and I was not killed."  

«كُنْتُ فِيمَنْ حَكَمَ فِيهِمْ سَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ فَشَكُّوا فِيَّ أَمِنَ الذُّرِّيَّةِ أَنَا أَمْ مِنَ الْمُقَاتِلَةِ فَنَظَرُوا إِلَى عَانَتِي فَلَمْ يَجِدُوهَا نَبَتَتْ فَأُلْقِيتُ فِي الذُّرِّيَّةِ وَلَمْ أُقْتَلْ»  

[Machine] "We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a battle, and at the forefront of the people was Khalid bin Al-Walid. Suddenly, they came across a dead woman on the road and they were amazed by her physical appearance, as she had been struck by the attack at the forefront. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approached her and stood over her, saying, 'Look, she was not fighting.' Then he said, 'Catch up with Khalid and do not kill any offspring or a captured person.'"  

«كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزَاةٍ وَعَلَى مُقَدِّمَةِ النَّاسِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ فَإِذَا امْرَأَةٌ مَقْتُولَةٌ عَلَى الطَّرِيقِ فَجَعَلُوا يَتَعَجَّبُونَ مِنْ خَلْقِهَا قَدْ أَصَابَتْهَا الْمُقَدِّمَةُ فَأَتَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ » هَاهْ مَا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ تُقَاتِلُ « ثُمَّ قَالَ » أَدْرِكْ خَالِدًا فَلَا تَقْتُلُوا ذُرِّيَّةً وَلَا عَسِيفًا «  

[Machine] "I remember when I went out with the youth to receive the Prophet ﷺ as he arrived from Tabuk to Thaniyat al-Wadaa."  

«أَذْكُرُ أَنِّي خَرَجْتُ مَعَ الصِّبْيَانِ نَتَلَقَّى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ مَقْدَمَهُ مِنْ تَبُوكَ إِلَى ثَنِيَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ»  

Are you not aware that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had observed:" He who died in protecting his property is a martyr." (Using translation from Muslim 141a)  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ « مَنْ قُتِلَ دُونَ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ شَهِيدٌ وَمَنْ ظَلَمَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ شِبْرًا طُوِّقَهُ مِنْ سَبْعِ أَرَضِينَ»  

[Machine] We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in a battle when he passed by a dead woman and people were gathered around her. He said, "This woman was not fighting, so tell Khalid not to kill children or women."  

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزَاةٍ فَمَرَّ بِامْرَأَةٍ مَقْتُولَةٍ وَالنَّاسُ عَلَيْهَا فَقَالَ «مَا كَانَتْ هَذِهِ لِتُقَاتِلَ أَدْرِكْ خَالِدًا فَقُلْ لَهُ لَا تَقْتُلْ ذُرِّيَّةً وَلَا عَسِيفًا»  

When it was the day on which the Battle of Badr was fought, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ cast a glance at the infidels, and they were one thousand while his own Companions were three hundred and nineteen. The Prophet ﷺ turned (his face) towards the Qibla. Then he stretched his hands and began his supplication to his Lord: "O Allah, accomplish for me what Thou hast promised to me. O Allah, bring about what Thou hast promised to me. O Allah, if this small band of Muslims is destroyed. Thou will not be worshipped on this earth." He continued his supplication to his Lord, stretching his hands, facing the Qibla, until his mantle slipped down from his shoulders. So Abu Bakr came to him, picked up his mantle and put it on his shoulders. Then he embraced him from behind and said: Prophet of Allah, this prayer of yours to your Lord will suffice you, and He will fulfill for you what He has promised you. So Allah, the Glorious and Exalted, revealed (the Qur'anic verse): "When ye appealed to your Lord for help, He responded to your call (saying): I will help you with one thousand angels coming in succession." So Allah helped him with angels. Abu Zumail said that the hadith was narrated to him by Ibn ʿAbbas who said: While on that day a Muslim was chasing a disbeliever who was going ahead of him, he heard over him the swishing of the whip and the voice of the rider saying: Go ahead, Haizum! He glanced at the polytheist who had (now) fallen down on his back. When he looked at him (carefully he found that) there was a scar on his nose and his face was torn as if it had been lashed with a whip, and had turned green with its poison. An Ansari came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and related this (event) to him. He said: You have told the truth. This was the help from the third heaven. The Muslims that day (i.e. the day of the Battle of Badr) killed seventy persons and captured seventy. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abu Bakr and ʿUmar (Allah be pleased with them): What is your opinion about these captives? Abu Bakr said: They are our kith and kin. I think you should release them after getting from them a ransom. This will be a source of strength to us against the infidels. It is quite possible that Allah may guide them to Islam. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: What is your opinion, Ibn Khattab? He said: Messenger of Allah, I do not hold the same opinion as Abu Bakr. I am of the opinion that you should hand them over to us so that we may cut off their heads. Hand over ʿAqil to ʿAli that he may cut off his head, and hand over such and such relative to me that I may cut off his head. They are leaders of the disbelievers and veterans among them. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approved the opinion of Abu Bakr and did not approve what I said. The next day when I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, I found that both he and Abu Bakr were sitting shedding tears. I said: Messenger of Allah, why are you and your Companion shedding tears? Tell me the reason. For I will weep, or I will at least pretend to weep in sympathy with you. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: I weep for what has happened to your companions for taking ransom (from the prisoners). I was shown the torture to which they were subjected. It was brought to me as close as this tree. (He pointed to a tree close to him.) Then God revealed the verse: "It is not befitting for a prophet that he should take prisoners until the force of the disbelievers has been crushed..." to the end of the verse: "so eat ye the spoils of war, (it is) lawful and pure. So Allah made booty lawful for them." (Using translation from Muslim 1763)  

لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ نَظَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَهُمْ أَلْفٌ وَأَصْحَابُهُ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةٍ وَبِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فَاسْتَقْبَلَ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْقِبْلَةَ ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ يَهْتِفُ رَبَّهُ «اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِزْ لِي مَا وَعَدْتَنِي اللَّهُمَّ آتِنِي مَا وَعَدْتَنِي اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ تَهْلِكْ هَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ لَا تُعْبَدُ فِي الْأَرْضِ» فَمَا زَالَ يَهْتِفُ رَبَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا مَاذَا يَدَيْهِ مُسْتَقْبِلَ الْقِبْلَةِ حَتَّى سَقَطَ رِدَاؤُهُ عَنْ مَنْكِبِهِ ﷺ فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ وَأَلْقَاهُ عَلَى مَنْكِبِهِ ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَقَالَ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ كَفَاكَ مُنَاشَدَتُكَ رَبَّكَ فَإِنَّهُ سَيُنْجِزُ لَكَ مَا وَعَدَكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ} فَأَمَدَّهُ اللَّهُ بِالْمَلَائِكَةِ  

[Machine] While a Muslim man was following in the footsteps of a polytheist man, he heard a whip strike above him and the sound of a horseman above him saying, "I am Hudhum." He looked at the polytheist man in front of him and saw him fall flat on his face, with his nose broken and his face cut like a whip strike. That became green like vegetation. Al-Ansari came and informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "You have spoken the truth, that is a result of the help from the third heaven." Thus, they killed seventy of the polytheists and took seventy as captives. Ibn 'Abbas said, "When they took the captives, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to Abu Bakr, 'What do you think of these captives?' Abu Bakr said, 'O Messenger of Allah, they are the kinsfolk and families. I believe we should accept ransom from them, which will give us strength against the disbelievers, and perhaps Allah will guide them to Islam.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'What do you think, O son of Al-Khattab?' I said, 'By Allah, O Messenger of Allah, I do not see what Abu Bakr sees, but I think we should cut off their heads and make Ali bin Abi Talib kill 'Uqayl, and I should kill so-and-so, a relative of 'Umar, for they are the leaders of disbelief and the pillars of idolatry.' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ approved of what Abu Bakr said, but did not approve of what I said. When it was morning, I went to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and saw him and Abu Bakr weeping. I asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, please tell me what made you and your friend weep?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'I weep for what has been suggested to my Companions, that they may accept ransom from the captives. Allah has revealed the Ayah, "It is not for a Prophet that he should have prisoners of war (and free them with ransom) until he had made a great slaughter (among his enemies) in the land... This is so because Allah desires to test and purify the believers. And so He will punish the hypocrites, men and women, and the idolaters, men and women, who think evil thoughts about Allah. For them is a disgraceful torment, and Allah will inflict on them a humiliating torment." Thus, Allah allowed the booty.'"  

بَيْنَمَا رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَئِذٍ يَشُدُّ فِي أَثَرِ رَجُلٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ أَمَامَهُ إِذْ سَمِعَ ضَرْبَةً بِالسَّوْطِ فَوْقَهُ وَصَوْتَ الْفَارِسِ فَوْقَهُ يَقُولُ أَقْدِمْ حَيْزُومُ إِذْ نَظَرَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِ أَمَامَهُ خَرَّ مُسْتَلْقِيًا فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَإِذْا هُوَ قَدْ خُطِمَ أَنْفُهُ وَشُقَّ وَجْهُهُ كَضَرْبَةِ سَوْطٍ فَاخْضَرَّ ذَاكَ أَجْمَعُ فَجَاءَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ فَحَدَّثَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ ﷺ «صَدَقْتَ ذَلِكَ مِنْ مَدَدِ السَّمَاءِ الثَّالِثَةِ» فَقَتَلُوا يَوْمَئِذٍ سَبْعِينَ وَأَسَرُوا سَبْعِينَ قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَلَمَّا أَسَرُوا الْأُسَارَى قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ وَعَلِيٍّ وَعُمَرَ «مَا تَرَوْنَ فِي هَؤُلَاءِ الْأُسَارَى؟ » قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ هُمْ بَنُو الْعَمِّ وَالْعَشِيرَةِ أَرَى أَنْ نَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ فِدْيَةً تَكُونُ لَنَا قُوَّةً عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ وَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُمُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا تَرَى يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟ » قُلْتُ لَا وَاللَّهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَا أَرَى الَّذِي رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَكِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تُمَكِّنَنَا فَنَضْرِبَ أَعْنَاقَهُمْ فَتُمَكِّنَ عَلِيًّا مِنْ عَقِيلٍ فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ وَتُمَكِّنَنِي مِنْ فُلَانٍ فَأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ نَسِيبٍ كَانَ لِعُمَرَ فَإِنَّ هَؤُلَاءَ أَئِمَّةُ الْكُفْرِ وَصَنَادِيدُهَا فَهَوِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ فَلَمَّا كَانَ الْغَدُ جِئْتُ فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ قَاعِدَانِ يَبْكِيَانِ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَخْبِرْنِي مِنْ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ تَبْكِي أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبُكَ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ وَإِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ بُكَاءً تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَبْكِي لِلَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَيَّ أَصْحَابُكَ مِنْ أَخْذِهِمُ الْفِدَاءَ وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الْأَرْضِ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {فَكُلُوا مِمَّا غَنِمْتُمْ حَلَالًا طَيِّبًا} فَأَحَلَّ اللَّهُ الْغَنِيمَةَ»  

Some men of the Ansar requested Messenger of Allah ﷺ to allow them to see him, they said, "Allow us to forgive the ransom of our sister's son, ʿAbbas." The Prophet ﷺ said, "By Allah, you will not leave a single Dirham of it!" (Using translation from Bukhārī 4018)  

أَنَّ رِجَالًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ اسْتَأْذَنُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالُوا ائْذَنْ لَنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَلْنَتْرُكْ لِابْنِ أُخْتِنَا الْعَبَّاسِ فِدَاءَهُ فَقَالَ ﷺ «لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا تَذَرُونَ دِرْهَمًا»  

[Machine] "Gabrielﷺ descended upon him ﷺ and said to him: 'Inform his companions ﷺ about the captives and give them the choice of either killing them or accepting ransom for their release. However, they will have to wait until the following year to decide their fate.'" They replied, 'We prefer accepting the ransom and allowing some of us to be killed.'"  

أَنَّ جِبْرِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ هَبَطَ عَلَيْهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لَهُ «خَيِّرْهُمْ يَعْنِي أَصْحَابَهُ ﷺ فِي الْأُسَارَى إِنْ شَاءُوا الْقَتْلَ وَإِنْ شَاءُوا الْفِدَاءَ عَلَى أَنْ يُقْتَلَ الْعَامَ الْمُقْبِلَ مِنْهُمْ عِدَّتُهُمْ» قَالُوا «الْفِدَاءُ وَيُقْتَلُ مِنَّا عِدَّتُهُمْ»  

We used to say that the warriors of Badr were over three-hundred-and-ten, as many as the Companions of Saul who crossed the river with him; and none crossed the river with him but a believer. (Using translation from Bukhārī 3959)  

أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ بَدْرٍ كَانُوا ثَلَاثَ مِائَةٍ وَبِضْعَةَ عَشَرَ عَلَى عِدَّةِ أَصْحَابِ طَالُوتَ الَّذِينَ جَازُوا مَعَهُ النَّهْرَ وَمَا جَازَ مَعَهُ إِلَّا مُؤْمِنٌ»  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intended to attack them, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ pointed to the woman who had the Book with her, so he sent to her and took her book from her head and said, "O Hatib, what have you done?" He said, "Yes, I did it not out of deceit for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ nor hypocrisy, but I knew that Allah would expose His Messenger ﷺ and fulfill His command, except that I was a stranger among them, and my family was with them, so I wanted to make them feel comfortable. Then Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "Shouldn't I strike the head of this man?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Would you kill a man from the people of Badr? And how do you know, perhaps Allah has looked upon the people of Badr?" So he said, "Do as you please."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُرِيدُ غَزْوَهُمْ فَدَلَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الْمَرْأَةِ الَّتِي مَعَهَا الْكِتَابُ فَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهَا فَأَخَذَ كِتَابَهَا مِنْ رَأْسِهَا فَقَالَ «يَا حَاطِبُ أَفَعَلْتَ؟ » قَالَ نَعَمْ إِنِّي لَمْ أَفْعَلْهُ غِشًّا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَا نِفَاقًا وَلَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ سَيُظْهِرُ رَسُولَهُ وَيُتِمُّ أَمْرَهُ غَيْرَ أَنِّي كُنْتُ غَرِيبًا بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ فَكَانَتْ أَهْلِي مَعَهُمْ فَأَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَّخِذَهَا عِنْدَهُمْ يَدًا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ أَلَا أَضْرِبُ رَأْسَ هَذَا؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَتَقْتُلُ رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَمَا يُدْرِيكَ لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ اطَّلَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ» فَقَالَ اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ  

[Machine] A man from the Ansar became blind, so he sent a message to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ asking him to come and choose a place in his home to make it a mosque. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ came and his people gathered around him, except for one man who remained. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ asked, "Where is so-and-so?" Some of the people signaled to him that he was present, but the Prophet ﷺ said, "Did he not participate in the Battle of Badr?" They said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah, but he has certain issues." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Perhaps Allah looked upon the people of Badr and said, 'Do whatever you wish, for I have forgiven you.'"  

أَنَّ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ عَمِيَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ تَعَالَ فَاخْطُطْ فِي دَارِي مَسْجِدًا أَتَّخِذُهُ مُصَلًّى فَجَاءَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَاجْتَمَعَ إِلَيْهِ قَوْمُهُ وَبَقِيَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَيْنَ فُلَانٌ؟ » فَغَمَزَهُ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ إِنَّهُ وَإِنَّهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَلَيْسَ قَدْ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا؟ » قَالُوا بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنَّهُ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ اطَّلَعَ عَلَى أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ فَقَالَ » اعْمَلُوا مَا شِئْتُمْ فَقَدْ غَفَرْتُ لَكُمْ «  

Hatib will definitely go to Hell. (But) Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: You tell a lie; he would not get into that for he had taken part in Badr and in (the expedition of) Hudaibiya. (Using translation from Muslim 2495)   

أَنَّ عَبْدًا لِحَاطِبٍ جَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَشْكُو حَاطِبًا فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَيَدْخُلُ حَاطِبٌ النَّارَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «كَذَبْتَ إِنَّهُ لَا يَدْخُلُهَا إِنَّهُ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةَ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, while he was in the house of Hafsah, "No man who witnessed the Battle of Badr and the Battle of Hudaybiyah will enter the Fire." Hafsah then said, "O Messenger of Allah, did not Allah say, 'And there is none of you except he will come to it'?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied, "But He also said, 'Then We will save those who feared Allah'."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي بَيْتِ حَفْصَةَ «لَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ رَجُلٌ شَهِدَ بَدْرًا وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةَ» فَقَالَتْ حَفْصَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ {وَإِنْ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا وَارِدُهَا} ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَمَهْ {ثُمَّ نُنَجِّي الَّذِينَ اتَّقَوْا} »  

Do you (people) consider the conquest of Mecca, the Victory (referred to in the Qur'an 48:1). Was the conquest of Mecca a victory? We really consider that the actual Victory was the Ar-Ridwan Pledge of allegiance which we gave on the day of Al-Hudaibiya (to the Prophet) . On the day of Al-Hudaibiya we were fourteen hundred men along with the Prophet ﷺ Al-Hudaibiya was a well, the water of which we used up leaving not a single drop of water in it. When the Prophet ﷺ was informed of that, he came and sat on its edge. Then he asked for a utensil of water, performed ablution from it, rinsed (his mouth), invoked (Allah), and poured the remaining water into the well. We stayed there for a while and then the well brought forth what we required of water for ourselves and our riding animals. (Using translation from Bukhārī 4150)  

تَعُدُّونَ أَنْتُمْ الْفَتْحَ فَتْحَ مَكَّةَ وَقَدْ كَانَ فَتْحُ مَكَّةَ فَتْحًا وَنَحْنُ نَعُدُّ الْفَتْحَ بَيْعَةَ الرِّضْوَانِ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ قَالَ كُنَّا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَمِائَةً وَالْحُدَيْبِيَةُ بِئْرٌ فَنَزَحْنَاهَا فَلَمْ نَتْرُكْ فِيهَا قَطْرَةً فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَتَاهَا فَجَلَسَ عَلَى شَفِيرِهَا ثُمَّ دَعَا بِإِنَاءٍ فِيهِ مَاءٌ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَتَمَضْمَضَ وَدَعَا ثُمَّ صَبَّهُ فِيهَا فَتَرَكْنَاهَا غَيْرَ بَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ أَصْدَرَتْنَا مَا شِئْنَا نَحْنُ وَرِكَابَنَا  

that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "None of those who gave the pledge under the tree shall enter the Fire." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3860)  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَا يَدْخُلُ النَّارَ أَحَدٌ مِمَّنْ بَايَعَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ»  

[Machine] I heard Abdullah bin Abi Awfa saying, "There were one thousand and three hundred of us on the day of the Treaty of Hudaybiyyah, and at that time, the number of Muslims was eight hundred. May Allah have mercy on them."  

سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي أَوْفَى يَقُولُ «كُنَّا يَوْمَ الشَّجَرَةِ أَلْفًا وَثَلَاثَ مِائَةٍ وَكَانَتْ أَسْلَمُ يَوْمَئِذٍ ثُمْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ»  

"Indeed you shall be aided, capturing, and victorious; so whoever among you sees that, then let him have Taqwa of Allah, and let him command the good and forbid the evil, and whoever lies about me on purpose, then let him take his seat in the Fire." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 2257)   

أَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي قُبَّةٍ مِنْ آدَمَ فِيهَا أَرْبَعُونَ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ «إِنَّكُمْ مَفْتُوحُونَ وَمَنْصُورُونَ وَمُصِيبُونَ فَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ الزَّمَانَ مِنْكُمْ فَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ وَلْيَأْمُرْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَلْيَنْهَ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَمَنْ كَذَبَ عَلَيَّ مُتَعَمِّدًا فَلْيَتَبَوَّأْ مَقْعَدَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ»  

Abu Qatadah said “We went out with the Apostle of Allaah ﷺ in the year of Hunain. And when the armies met, the Muslims suffered a reverse. I saw one of the polytheists prevailing over a Muslim, so I went round him till I came to him from behind and struck him with my sword at the vein between his neck and shoulder. He came towards me and closed with me, so that I felt death was near, but he was overtaken by death and let me go. I then caught upon on “Umar bin Al Khattab and said to him “What is the matter with the people?” He said “It is what Allaah has commanded. Then the people returned and the Apostle of Allaah ﷺsat down and said “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down.” He said again “If anyone kills a man and can prove it, he will get his spoil. I stood up and said “Who will testify for me? I then sat down.” He then said the same for the third time. I then stood up. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “What is the matter with you, Abu Qatadah? I told him the story. A man from the people said “He has spoken the truth, and I have this spoil with me, so make him agreeable (to take something in exchange). Abu Bakr said “In that case I swear by Allaah that he must not do so. One of the Allaah’s heroes does not fight for Allaah and his Apostle and then give you his spoil. The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ said “He has spoken the truth, hand it over to him. Abu Qatadah said “he handed it over to me, I sold the coat of mail and brought a garden among Banu Salamh. This was the first property I acquired in the Islamic period. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2717)  

أَنَّهُ قَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ حُنَيْنٍ فَلَمَّا الْتَقَيْنَا كَانَتْ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ جَوْلَةٌ قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ قَدْ عَلَا رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَالَ فَاسْتَدْبَرْتُ حَتَّى أَتَيْتُهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ عَلَى حَبْلِ عَاتِقِهِ ضَرْبَةً فَقَطَعْتُ مِنْهُ الدِّرْعَ قَالَ فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَيَّ فَضَمَّنِي ضَمَّةً وَجَدْتُ مِنْهَا رِيحَ الْمَوْتِ ثُمَّ أَدْرَكَهُ الْمَوْتُ فَأَرْسَلَنِي فَلَحِقْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ مَا بَالُ النَّاسِ؟ فَقَالَ أَمْرُ اللَّهِ قَالَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّاسَ قَدْ رَجَعُوا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» قَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ قَتَلَ قَتِيلًا لَهُ عَلَيْهِ بَيِّنَةٌ فَلَهُ سَلَبُهُ» فَقُمْتُ ثُمَّ قُلْتُ مَنْ يَشْهَدُ لِي؟ ثُمَّ جَلَسْتُ ثُمَّ قَالَ الثَّالِثَةَ فَقُمْتُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا لَكَ يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ؟ » فَاقْتَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْقَوْمِ صَدَقَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَسَلَبُ ذَلِكَ الْقَتِيلِ عِنْدِي فَأَرْضِهِ مِنِّي فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَاهَا اللَّهِ إِذًا لَا يَعْمِدُ إِلَيَّ أَسَدٌ مِنْ أُسْدِ اللَّهِ يُقَاتِلُ عَنِ اللَّهِ وَعَنْ رَسُولِهِ فَيُعْطِيكَ سَلَبَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فَأَعْطِهِ إِيَّاهُ» فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ فَأَعْطَانِيهِ فَبِعْتُ الدِّرْعَ فَابْتَعْتُ مِنْهُ مَخْرَفًا فِي بَنِي سَلَمَةَ فَإِنَّهُ لَأَوَّلُ مَالٍ تَأَثَّلْتُهُ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ  

that the Prophet ﷺ said: "None of the black heads (meaning the Children of Adam since (most of) their heads are black) before you partook of spoils of war, but fire from the heavens would be sent down upon them, consuming them." Sulaiman (one of the narrators) said "No one says this except for Abu Hurairah now. "So on the day of Badr when they had the spoils of war before it was made lawful for them, Allah [Most High] revealed: Were it not a previous ordainment from Allah, a severe torment would have touched you for what you took." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 3085)   

عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَمْ تَحِلَّ الْغَنَائِمُ لِأَحَدٍ سُودِ الرُّءُوسِ قَبْلَكُمْ كَانَتْ تَنْزِلُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ نَارٌ فَتَأْكُلُهَا فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ وَقَعَ النَّاسُ فِي الْغَنَائِمِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ {لَوْلَا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ} »  

[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ , a prophet from among the prophets went on a military expedition with his companions. He said, "No man should build a house without settling in it, or marry a woman without entering upon her, or have any need to return." He encountered the enemy when the sun was about to set. He prayed, "O Allah, it is a command, and I am under command. Stop it from setting until I take revenge between me and them." Allah caused the sun to stop setting, and they fought against the enemy. They gathered spoils of war, but the fire did not consume it, for whenever they would gather war booty, Allah would send fire on it and consume it. Their prophet said to them, "Among you, there are traitors. Let a man from every tribe come and pledge allegiance to me." They went to him and pledged allegiance. The hands of two men stuck to his hand, and they said, "You are accusing us of treachery." He said, "Indeed, there is a golden statue of a cow in the likeness of its head." So they brought it and threw it into the spoils of war. Allah sent fire, and it consumed it. At that moment, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Indeed, Allah provided us with spoils of war as a mercy. He showed mercy to us and stayed the hand of the enemy because of our weakness."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّ نَبِيًّا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ غَزَا بِأَصْحَابِهِ فَقَالَ لَا يَتْبَعْنِي رَجُلٌ بَنَى دَارًا لَمْ يَسْكُنْهَا أَوْ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً لَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا أَوْ لَهُ حَاجَةٌ فِي الرُّجُوعِ قَالَ فَلَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ عَنْدَ غَيْبُوبَةِ الشَّمْسِ فَقَالَ اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّهَا مَأْمُورَةٌ وَإِنِّي مَأْمُورٌ فَاحْبِسْهَا عَلَيَّ حَتَّى تَقْضِيَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ فَحَبَسَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ لَهُ فَجَمَعُوا الْغَنَائِمَ فَلَمْ تَأْكُلْهَا النَّارُ وَكَانُوا إِذَا غَنِمُوا غَنِيمَةً بَعَثَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا النَّارَ فَأَكَلَتْهَا فَقَالَ لَهُمْ نَبِيِّهُمْ إِنَّ فِيكُمْ غُلُولًا فَلْيَأْتِنِي مِنْ كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ رَجُلٌ فَلْيُبَايِعْنِي فَأَتَوْهُ فَبَايَعُوهُ فَلَزِقَتْ يَدُ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنْهُمْ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمَا غَلَلْتُمَا فَقَالَا أَجَلْ صُورَةُ رَأْسِ بَقَرَةٍ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَجَاءَا بِهَا فَأَلْقَيَاهَا فِي الْغَنَائِمِ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ النَّارَ فَأَكَلَتْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَطْعَمَنَا الْغَنَائِمَ رَحْمَةً رَحِمَنَا بِهَا وَتَخْفِيفًا خَفَّفَهُ عَنَّا لِمَا عَلِمَ مِنْ ضَعْفَنَا»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "A prophet among the prophets waged war and said to his people, 'No man should follow me if he has married a woman and wishes to build a house with her, but has not built its roof. And no man should follow me if he has bought sheep and is waiting for their offspring.' So, he waged war and when he approached a monastery, it was either Asr prayer time or near that. He said to the sun, 'You are ordered (by Allah) and I am ordered (by Allah). O Allah, keep it stationary on me as long as You wish.' So, it was detained until Allah opened up the way for him. They collected what they had gained from the war and the fire started eating from it. It did not cease until they had taken out what looked like the hump of a cow made of gold. They put it in the loot and that was with the troops in the battlefield. The fire suddenly started burning and was consuming all that was being sold. So, they stopped it. It was then said, 'Imam has collected the zakat from enemies in Allah's cause.' The booty was not lawfully valid for any man before us. Allah made it lawful for His Messenger and the Muslims."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «غَزَا نَبِيٌّ مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ فَقَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ لَا يَتْبَعْنِي رَجُلٌ قَدْ نَاكَحَ امْرَأَةً وَهُوَ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَبْنِيَ بِهَا وَلَا رَفَعَ بِنَاءً وَلَمْ يَرْفَعْ سُقُفَهَا وَلَا اشْتَرَى غَنَمًا وَهُوَ يَنْتَظِرُ وِلَادَهَا فَغَزَا فَدَنَا إِلَى الدَّيْرِ حِينَ صَلَّى الْعَصْرَ أَوْ قَرُبَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ لِلشَّمْسِ إِنَّكِ مَأْمُورَةٌ وَأَنَا مَأْمُورٌ اللَّهُمَّ احْبِسْهَا عَلَيَّ شَيْئًا فَحُبِسَتْ حَتَّى فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَمَعُوا مَا غَنِمُوا فَأَقْبَلَتِ النَّارُ لِتَأْكُلَهُ فَأَبَتِ النَّارُ أَنْ تَطْعَمَهُ فَقَالَ فِيكُمْ غُلُولٌ فَلْيُبَايِعْنِي مِنْ كُلِّ قَبِيلَةٍ رَجُلٌ فَبَايَعَهُ فَلَصِقَتْ يَدُ رَجُلٍ بِيَدِهِ فَقَالَ إِنَّ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ فَلْتُبَايِعْنِي قَبِيلَتُكَ فَبَايَعَتْهُ قَبِيلَتُهُ فَلَصِقَتْ بِيَدِهِ يَدُ رَجُلَيْنِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٍ فَقَالَ فِيكُمُ الْغُلُولُ فَأَخْرَجُوا مِثْلَ رَأْسِ الْبَقَرَةِ مِنْ ذَهَبٍ فَوَضَعُوهُ فِي الْمَالِ وَهُوَ بِالصَّعِيدِ فَأَقْبَلَتِ النَّارُ فَأَكَلَتْهُ فَلَمْ تَحِلَّ الْغَنَائِمُ لِأَحَدٍ كَانَ قَبْلَنَا وَذَلِكَ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ رَأَى ضَعْفَنَا فَطَيَّبَهَا لَنَا»  

When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gained booty he ordered Bilal to make a public announcement. He made a public announcement, and when the people brought their booty, he would take a fifth and divide it. Thereafter a man brought a halter of hair and said: Messenger of Allah, this is a part of the booty we got. He asked: Have you heard Bilal making announcement three times? He replied: Yes. He asked: What did prevent you from bringing it? He made some excuse, to which he said: Be (as you are), you may bring it on the Day of Judgment, for I shall not accept it from you. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2712)   

كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَصَابَ مَغْنَمًا أَمَرَ بِلَالًا فَنَادَى فِي النَّاسِ فَيَجِيءُ النَّاسُ بِغَنَائِمِهِمْ فَيُخَمِّسُهُ وَيُقَسِّمُهُ فَأَتَاهُ رَجُلٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِزِمَامٍ مِنْ شَعْرٍ فَقَالَ أَمَا سَمِعْتَ بِلَالًا يُنَادِي ثَلَاثًا؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قَالَ فَمَا مَنَعَكَ أَنْ تَجِيءَ بِهِ فَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «كُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي يَجِيءُ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَلَنْ أَقْبَلَهُ مِنْكَ»  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "To the horse there are two arrows, and to the man, one arrow."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لِلْفَرَسِ سَهْمَانِ وَلِلرَّجُلِ سَهْمٌ»  

Ibn ‘Umar said “The Apostle of Allaah ﷺ allotted three portions for a man and his horse, one for him and two for his horse. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 2733)  

«عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ أَسْهَمَ لِلْفَارِسِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَسْهُمٍ سَهْمَيْنِ لِفَرَسِهِ وَسَهْمًا لِلرَّجُلِ»  

[Machine] "That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ assigned two arrows for a horse and one arrow for a man."  

«أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَعَلَ لِلْفَرَسِ سَهْمَيْنِ وَلِلرَّجُلِ سَهْمًا»  

[Machine] "We came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after the conquest of Khaybar in three days. He distributed the spoils among us and did not give to anyone else who did not witness the conquest except us."  

«قَدِمْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَمَا فُتِحَتْ خَيْبَرُ بِثَلَاثٍ فَأَسْهَمَ لَنَا وَلَمْ يُسْهِمْ لِأَحَدٍ لَمْ يَشْهَدِ الْفَتْحَ غَيْرَنَا»  

[Machine] "When the Prophet ﷺ received booty, he would divide it on the same day. He would give the family double their share and give the unmarried person a single share."  

«كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِذَا أَتَاهُ الْفَيْءُ قَسَمَهُ فِي يَوْمِهِ فَأَعْطَى الْآهِلَ حَظَّيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الْعَزَبَ حَظًّا»  

"The Messenger of Allah [SAW] distributed some Qaba's but he did not give anything to Makhramah. Makhramah said: 'O my son, let us go to the Messenger of Allah [SAW].' So I went with him and he said: 'Go in and call him for me.' So I called him, and he came out wearing one of the Qaba's. He said: 'I kept this for you.' And he looked at him, and Makhramah put it on." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 5324)  

قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَقْبِيَةً وَلَمْ يُعْطِ مَخْرَمَةَ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ مَخْرَمَةُ يَا بُنَيَّ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ قَالَ ادْخُلْ فَادْعُهُ لِي قَالَ فَدَعَوْتُهُ لَهُ فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ وَعَلَيْهِ قَبَاءٌ مِنْهَا وَقَالَ «قَدْ خَبَّأْتُ هَذَا لَكَ» قَالَ فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ﷺ «رَضِيَ مَخْرَمَةُ»  

Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed some Qaba's but he did not give anything to Makhrama. Makhrama said (to me), "O my son! Let us go to Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So I proceeded with him and he said, "Go in and call him 'or me." So I called the Prophet ﷺ for him The Prophet ﷺ came out to him, wearing one of those Qaba's and said, (to Makhrama), "I have kept this for you " Makhrama looked at it and said, "Makhrama is satisfied now." (Using translation from Bukhārī 5800)  

قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَقْبِيَةً وَلَمْ يُعْطِ مَخْرَمَةَ شَيْئًا فَقَالَ مَخْرَمَةُ يَا بُنَيَّ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَانْطَلَقْتُ مَعَهُ فَقَالَ ادْخُلْ فَادْعُهُ لِي قَالَ فَدَعَوْتُهُ لَهُ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَعَلَيْهِ قَبَاءٌ فَقَالَ «قَدْ خَبَّأْتُ هَذَا لَكَ» فَنَظَرَ إِلَيْهِ فَقَالَ ﷺ «رَضِيَ مَخْرَمَةُ»  

[Machine] From the contribution of those who did not witness the victory and the battle, they said, "They do not contribute. Do you not see two factions entering from one path or from different paths, where one faction seizes the spoils while the other does not seize any? And one faction is stronger than the other, so do not let one faction share the spoils with the other, but rather let one faction seize all the spoils or let one of them seize it. That is how the matter has proceeded among them."  

عَنْ إِسْهَامِ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْهَدِ الْفَتْحَ وَالْقِتَالَ فَقَالَ «لَا يُسْهَمُونَ أَلَا تَرَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ تَدْخُلَانِ مِنْ دَرْبِ وَاحِدٍ أَوْ دَرْبَيْنِ مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ فَتَغْنَمُ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَلَا تَغْنَمُ الْأُخْرَى وَإِحْدَاهُمَا قُوَّةٌ لِلْأُخْرَى فَلَا تُشْرِكُ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى غَنِمَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ غَنِمَ أَحَدُهُمَا بِذَلِكَ مَضَى الْأَمْرُ فِيهِمْ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a secret expedition ahead of Najd, led by Aban ibn Sa'id ibn Al-Aas. He arrived before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after the conquest of Khaybar. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, don't distribute anything to them." Aban became angry and attacked me with his spear. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Wait, Aban." But the Messenger of Allah ﷺ refused to distribute anything to them.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ عَلَيْهَا أَبَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا تَقْسِمْ لَهُمْ فَغَضِبَ أَبَانُ وَنَالَ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِرُمْحِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَهْلًا يَا أَبَانُ وَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَقْسِمَ لَهُمْ شَيْئًا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a group ahead towards Najd, with Aban ibn Sa'id ibn Al-Aas leading them. He arrived to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after the conquest of Khaybar. I said, "O Messenger of Allah, do not distribute anything to them." Aban got angry and approached him with his spear. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Wait, Aban." But the Messenger of Allah ﷺ refused to distribute anything to them.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ عَلَيْهَا أَبَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا تَقْسِمْ لَهُمْ فَغَضِبَ أَبَانُ وَنَالَ مِنْهُ قَالَ وَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ بِرُمْحِهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَهْلًا يَا أَبَانُ وَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَقْسِمَ لَهُمْ شَيْئًا  

[Machine] "About the arrows of those who did not witness the conquest and the battle from the Madad, they said, 'They do not shoot. Do you not see that two groups enter from the same path or two different paths, one of them seizes the spoils while the other does not? And one of them is stronger than the other, so do not let one of them share the spoils with the other. Either all the spoils are seized, or one of them seizes it. This is how the matter went with them.'"  

عَنْ سِهَامِ مَنْ لَمْ يَشْهَدِ الْفَتْحَ وَالْقِتَالَ مِنَ الْمَدَدِ فَقَالَ «لَا يُسْهَمُونَ أَلَا تَرَى إِلَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ تَدْخُلَانِ مِنْ دَرْبِ وَاحِدٍ أَوْ دَرْبَيْنِ مُخْتَلِفَيْنِ فَتَغْنَمُ إِحْدَاهُمَا وَلَا تَغْنَمُ الْأُخْرَى وَإِحْدَاهُمَا قُوَّةٌ لِلْأُخْرَى فَلَا تُشْرِكُ إِحْدَاهُمَا الْأُخْرَى غَنِمَا جَمِيعًا أَوْ غَنِمَ أَحَدُهُمَا بِذَلِكَ مَضَى الْأَمْرُ فِيهِمْ»  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent a military expedition ahead of Najd, led by Aban ibn Sa'id ibn Al-'As. Aban came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ after the conquest of Khaybar, and I said to him, "O Messenger of Allah, do not distribute anything to them." Aban became angry, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Wait, O Aban." And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ refused to distribute anything to them.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً قِبَلَ نَجْدٍ عَلَيْهَا أَبَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ فَقَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ خَيْبَرَ فَقُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا تَقْسِمْ لَهُمْ فَقَالَ فَغَضِبَ أَبَانُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَهْلًا يَا أَبَانُ» وَأَبَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَقْسِمَ لَهُمْ شَيْئًا