21. Book of Expeditions
٢١۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
ذِكْرُ إِثْبَاتِ الْخَيْرِ فِي ارْتِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا
[Machine] Narrated by Al-Qa'nabi, narrated by Layth ibn Sa'd, from Nafi', from Ibn 'Umar, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Horses are tied to their forelocks with goodness until the Day of Judgment."
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ نَافِعٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «الْخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ فِي نَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْخَيْرَ الَّذِي هُوَ مَقْرُونٌ بِالْخَيْلِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ الثَّوَابُ فِي الْعُقْبَى وَالْغَنِيمَةِ فِي الدُّنْيَا
Great good is attached to the forelock of the horses until the Day of Judgment. (Using translation from Muslim 1873a)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ فِي نَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ الْأَجْرُ وَالْغَنِيمَةُ»
ذِكْرُ إِثْبَاتِ الْبَرَكَةِ فِي ارْتِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ لِلْجِهَادِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
Messenger of Allah ﷺ ﷺ said, "There is a blessing in the fore-heads of horses." (Using translation from Bukhārī 2851)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الْبَرَكَةُ فِي نَوَاصِي الْخَيْلِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَرَادَ بِقَوْلِهِ هَذَا بَعْضَ الْخَيْلِ لَا الْكَلَّ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Horses are of three types, a source of reward for one man, a means of protection for another, and a burden for a third."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الْخَيْلُ ثَلَاثَةٌ هِيَ لِرَجُلٍ أَجْرٌ وَلِرَجُلٍ سِتْرٌ وَعَلَى رَجُلٍ وِزْرٌ»
ذِكْرُ تَفَضُّلِ اللَّهِ عَلَى مُرْتَبِطِ الْخَيْلِ وَمُحْبِسِهَا بِكَتْبِهِ مَا غَيَّبَتْ فِي بُطُونِهَا، وَأَرْوَاثِهَا، وَأَبْوَالِهَا حَسَنَاتٍ
"Horses may bring reward to a man, or they may be a means of protection, or they may be a burden (of sin). As for that which brings reward, it is a man who keeps it for the cause of Allah and ties it with a long rope in a pasture or a garden; whatever it eats or drinks in that pasture or garden will count as good deeds for him. If it breaks its rope and jumps over one or two hills, its footsteps" -and according to the Hadith of Al-Harith, "its dung will count as good deeds for him. If it passes by a river and drinks from it, even though (its owner) did not intend to give it water from that river, that will also bring him reward. If a man keeps a horse in order to earn an independent living and avoid asking others for help, and he does not forget his duty toward Allah with regard to their (the horses') necks and backs, then they will be a means of protection for him. If a man keeps horses out of pride, to show off before others and to fight the Muslims, then that will be a burden (of sin) for him." The Prophet was asked about donkeys and he said: "Nothing has been revealed to me concerning them except this Verse which is comprehensive in meaning: 'So whosoever does good equal to the weight of an atom (or a small ant) shall see it. And whosoever does evil equal to the weight of an atom (or a small ant) shall see it.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3563)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «الْخَيْلُ لِرَجُلٍ أَجْرٌ وَلِرَجُلٍ سِتْرٌ وَلِرَجُلٍ وِزْرٌ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي هِيَ لَهُ أَجْرٌ فَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَأَطَالَ لَهَا فِي مَرْجٍ أَوْ رَوْضَةٍ فَمَا أَصَابَتْ فِي طِيَلِهَا ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْمَرْجِ أَوِ الرَّوْضَةِ كَانَتْ لَهُ حَسَنَاتٌ وَلَوْ أَنَّهَا قَطَعَتْ طِيَلَهَا فَاسْتَنَّتْ شَرَفًا أَوْ شَرَفَيْنِ كَانَتْ آثَارُهَا وَأَرْوَاثُهَا حَسَنَاتٌ لَهُ وَلَوْ أَنَّهَا مَرَّتْ بِنَهَرٍ فَشَرِبَتْ مِنْهُ وَلَمْ يَرُدْ أَنْ يَسْقِيَهُ كَانَ لَهُ ذَلِكَ حَسَنَاتٌ فَهِيَ لِذَلِكَ أَجْرٌ وَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا تَغَنِّيًا وَتَعَفُّفًا وَلَمْ يَنْسَ حَقَّ اللَّهِ فِي رِقَابِهَا وَلَا ظُهُورِهَا فَهِيَ لِذَلِكَ سِتْرٌ وَرَجُلٌ رَبَطَهَا فَخْرًا وَرِيَاءً وَنِوَاءً لِأَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ فَهِيَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وِزْرٍ» وَسُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنِ الْحُمُرِ فَقَالَ «مَا أَنْزِلَ عَلَيَّ فِيهَا شَيْءٌ إِلَّا بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ الْجَامِعَةِ الْفَاذَّةِ {فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْرًا يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالُ ذَرَّةٍ شَرًّا يَرَهُ} »
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْفَضْلَ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَا قَبْلُ لِمُرْتَبِطِ الْخَيْلِ إِنَّمَا هُوَ لِمَنِ ارْتَبَطَهَا لِلَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا وَطَلَبَ ثَوَابَهُ، لَا رِيَاءً، وَلَا سَمْعَةً، وَلَا قَضَاءً لِوَطَرٍ
"Whoever keeps a horse for the cause of Allah out of faith in Allah and believing the promise of Allah, its feed, water, urine and dung will all count as Hasanat in the balance of his deeds." (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3582)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنِ احْتَبَسَ فَرَسًا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ إِيمَانًا بِاللَّهِ وَتَصْدِيقًا لِمَوْعُودِهِ كَانَ شِبَعُهُ وَرِيُّهُ وَرَوْثُهُ حَسَنَاتٍ فِي مِيزَانِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ أَهْلَ الْخَيْلِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مُعَانُونَ عَلَيْهَا
The Prophet ﷺ said, "There is always goodness in horses." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3645)
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ أَبَا كَبْشَةَ صَاحِبَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَقُولُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «الْخَيْلُ مَعْقُودٌ فِي نَوَاصِيهَا الْخَيْرُ وَأَهْلُهَا مُعَانُونَ عَلَيْهَا وَالْمُنْفِقُ عَلَيْهَا كَالْبَاسِطِ يَدَهُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ النَّفَقَةَ لِمُرْتَبِطِ الْخَيْلِ وَمُحْبِسِهَا تَكُونُ كَالصَّدَقَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The example of the one who spends in the cause of Allah is like the one who holds back his horse from moving fast." We asked Ma'mar, "What does it mean to hold back the horse from moving fast?" He replied, "It means to give with both hands."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَثَلُ الْمُنْفِقِ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ كَالْمُتَكَفِّفِ بِالصَّدَقَةِ» فَقُلْنَا لِمَعْمَرٍ مَا الْمُتَكَفِّفُ بِالصَّدَقَةِ؟ قَالَ «الَّذِي يُعْطَى بِكَفَّيْهِ»
ذِكْرُ اسْتِحْبَابِ ارْتِبَاطِ الْأَدْهَمِ الْأَقْرَحِ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ إِذْ هُوَ مِنْ خَيْرِ مَا يَرْتَبِطُ مِنْهَا لِسَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
“The best of horses are those that are deep black, with a blaze on the forehead, white marks on the legs and white nose and upper lip, and with no whiteness on the right foreleg. If not deep-black, then reddish-brown, with these markings.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2789)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «خَيْرُ الْخَيْلِ الْأَدْهَمُ الْأَقْرَحُ الْأَرْثَمُ الْمُحَجَّلُ ثَلَاثًا طَلْقُ الْيَدِ الْيُمْنَى» قَالَ يَزِيدُ «فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ أَدْهَمَ فَكُمَيْتٌ عَلَى هَذِهِ الشِّيَةِ»
ذِكْرُ اسْتِحْبَابِ ارْتِبَاطِ غَيْرِ الشِّكَالِ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ
It has been narrated on the authority of Abn Huraira that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to dislike the Shikal horse. (Using translation from Muslim 1875a)
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَكْرَهُ الشِّكَالَ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ اتِّخَاذِ الْمَرْءِ الْخَيْلَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا ذُو شِكَالٍ
It has been narrated on the authority of Abn Huraira that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to dislike the Shikal horse. (Using translation from Muslim 1875a)
«كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَكْرَهُ الشِّكَالَ فِي الْخَيْلِ»
ذِكْرُ إِعْطَاءِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا الْمُطْرِقَ فَرَسَهُ إِذَا عَقِبَ لَهُ أَجْرُ سَبْعِينَ فَرَسًا، لَوْ حُمِلَ عَلَيْهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying: "Whoever tethers a horse, the reward of seventy horses will be recorded for him, which will be carried for the sake of Allah. And if it does not follow, the reward of one horse that was carried for the sake of Allah will be recorded for him."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ أَطْرَقَ فَرَسًا فَعَقَبَ لَهُ الْفَرَسُ كَانَ لَهُ كَأَجْرِ سَبْعِينَ فَرَسًا حُمِلَ عَلَيْهَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ لَمْ تُعْقِبْ كَانَ لَهُ كَأَجْرِ فَرَسٍ حُمِلَ عَلَيْهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يُسَمَّى الْفَرَسُ مِنَ الْخَيْلِ
«أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ سَمَّى الْأُنْثَى مِنَ الْخَيْلِ الْفَرَسَ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يُدْعَى لِلْخُيُولِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا
[Machine] We accompanied the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the Battle of Tabuk, and midday exerted intense effort. So they complained to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about the fatigue they were experiencing. So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ showed compassion towards them and said, "Proceed in the name of Allah." He then blew on their faces and said, "O Allah, lighten the burden for them in Your cause, for You bear the burden of the strong and the weak, the moist and the dry, on land and sea." Fadalah said, "When we reached the city (Madina), its crises began to surround us. So I said, 'This is the supplication of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for the strong and the weak. So what about the moist and the dry?' When we reached Sham (Syria), we engaged in the Battle of Quabrus. I saw the ships, but I didn't know their function until I remembered the supplication of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ."
غَزَوْنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ غَزْوَةَ تَبُوكَ فَجَهَدَ الظَّهْرُ جَهْدًا شَدِيدًا فَشَكَوْا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا بِظَهْرِهِمْ مِنَ الْجَهْدِ فَتَحَيَّنَ بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَضِيقًا سَارَ النَّاسُ فِيهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «مُرُّوا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ» فَجَعَلَ يَنْفُخُ بِظَهْرِهِمْ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «اللَّهُمَّ احْمِلْ عَلَيْهَا فِي سَبِيلِكِ فَإِنَّكَ تَحْمِلُ عَلَى الْقَوِيِّ وَالضَّعِيفِ وَالرَّطْبِ وَالْيَابِسِ فِي الْبِرِّ وَالْبَحْرِ» قَالَ فَضَالَةُ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَنَا الْمَدِينَةَ جَعَلَتْ تُنَازِعُنَا أَزِمَّتُهَا فَقُلْتُ هَذِهِ دَعْوَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْقَوِيِّ وَالضَّعِيفِ فَمَا بَالُ الرَّطْبِ وَالْيَابِسِ فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا الشَّامَ غَزَوْنَا غَزْوَةَ قُبْرُسَ وَرَأَيْتُ السُّفُنَ وَمَا تَدْخُلُ عَرَفْتُ دَعْوَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ *
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ إِنْزَاءِ الْحُمُرِ عَلَى الْخَيْلِ إِذْ فِعْلُ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَفْعَالِ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
A mule was given to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as a gift, and we said: O Messenger of Allah, what if we mate donkeys with our mares, then we will have something like this? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “That is only done by those who do not know.” (Using translation from Aḥmad 785)
أُهْدِيَتْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَغْلَةٌ فَأَعْجَبَتْهُ فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَوْ أَنْزَيْنَا الْحُمُرَ عَلَى خَيْلِنَا فَجَاءَتْ مِثْلَ هَذِهِ فَقَالَ «إِنَّمَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ الَّذِينَ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ»