21. Book of Expeditions
٢١۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ دُخُولِ النَّارِ لِمَنْ أَسْمَعَ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ مَا يَكْرَهُونَهُ
[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ said, "Whoever listens to a Jew or a Christian will enter the Fire."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مِنْ سَمَّعَ يَهُودِيًّا أَوْ نَصْرَانِيًّا دَخَلَ النَّارَ»
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ وُجُودِ رَائِحَةِ الْجَنَّةِ عَنِ الْقَاتِلِ الْمُعَاهَدَ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
[Machine] From the Prophet ﷺ , he said, "Whoever kills a person who is under a peace agreement will not smell the fragrance of Paradise."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا مُعَاهَدًا لَمْ يَرَحْ رَائِحَةَ الْجَنَّةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَنْ نَفْيِ دُخُولِ الْجَنَّةِ عَنْ قَاتِلِ الْمُسْلِمِ الْمُعَاهَدِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allahﷺ said, "Whoever kills a person who has a treaty with the Muslims without right, Allah has made Paradise forbidden for him. He will not smell its fragrance." Abu Hatim said, "The meaning of all these reports is that the person who intends to enter Paradise without the intention of the highest and loftiest levels of Paradise is the one whom Allah has forbidden from entering Paradise. Or, it means that the one who possesses or commits any of these qualities, Allah has forbidden Paradise for him. The one who does not commit these qualities is the one who will enter the loftier Paradise. This is because the levels in Paradise are attained by a person's obedience to Allah and his descent from them is due to the sins he has committed."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا مُعَاهَدَةً بِغَيْرِ حَقِّهَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ أَنْ يَشُمَّ رِيحَهَا» قَالَ أَبُو حَاتِمٍ «هَذِهِ الْأَخْبَارُ كُلُّهَا مَعْنَاهَا لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يُرِيدُ جَنَّةً دُونَ جَنَّةِ الْقَصْدِ مِنْهُ الْجَنَّةُ الَّتِي هِيَ أَعْلَى وَأَرْفَعُ يُرِيدُ مَنْ فَعَلَ هَذِهِ الْخِصَالَ أَوِ ارْتَكَبَ شَيْئًا مِنْهَا حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ أَوْ لَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ الَّتِي هِيَ أَرْفَعُ الَّتِي يَدْخُلُهَا مَنْ لَمْ يَرْتَكِبْ تِلْكَ الْخِصَالَ لِأَنَّ الدَّرَجَاتِ فِي الْجِنَانِ يَنَالُهَا الْمَرْءُ بِالطَّاعَاتِ وَحَطُّهُ عَنْهَا يَكُونُ بِالْمَعَاصِي الَّتِي ارْتَكَبَهَا»
ذِكْرُ إِبَاحَةِ قَضَاءِ حُقُوقِ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ إِذَا كَانُوا مُجَاوِرِينَ لَهُ فَطَمِعَ فِي إِسْلَامِهِمْ
«عَادَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَهُودِيًّا»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِصِحَّةِ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ قَبْلُ
A young Jew became ill. The Prophet ﷺ went to visit him. He sat down by his head and said to him: Accept Islam. He looked at his father who was beside him near his head, and he said: Obey Abu al-Qasim. So he accepted Islam, and the Prophet ﷺ stood up saying: Praise be to Allah Who has saved him through me from Hell. (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 3095)
أَنَّ غُلَامًا يَهُودِيًّا كَانَ يَخْدُمُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَمَرِضَ فَأَتَاهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَعُودُهُ فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «أَسْلِمْ» فَنَظَرَ إِلَى أَبِيهِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ عِنْدَ رَأْسِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَطِعِ أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ قَالَ فَأَسْلَمَ قَالَ فَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ «الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي أَنْقَذَهُ مِنَ النَّارِ»
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الدَّالِّ عَلَى إِبَاحَةِ مُخَالَطَةِ الْمُسْلِمِ لِلْمُشْرِكِ فِي الْبَيْعِ وَالشِّرَاءِ وَالْقَبْضِ وَالِاقْتِضَاءِ
I will never repay you unless you belie Muhammad. I said: I would never belie Muhammad until you die and you are again raised up. He said: When I would be raised up after death, I would repay your debt when I would get my property and children back. Wakiʿ said: This is how Al-Aʿmash has narrated and it was on this occasion that this verse was revealed: "Hast thou seen him who disbelieves in Our message and says: I shall certainly be given wealth and children" (xix, 77) up to "he would come to Us alone" (xix, 80). (Using translation from Muslim 2795a)
لِي «لَا أَقْضِيكَ حَتَّى تَكْفُرَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ» قَالَ قُلْتُ «لَنْ أَكْفُرَ بِهِ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ ثُمَّ تُبْعَثَ» قَالَ «وَإِنِّي لَمَبْعُوثٌ بَعْدَ الْمَوْتِ سَوْفَ أَقْضِيكَ إِذَا رَجَعْتَ إِلَيَّ مَالِي وَوَلَدِي» قَالَ «فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {أَفَرَأَيْتَ الَّذِي كَفَرَ بِآيَاتِنَا وَقَالَ لَأُوتَيَنَّ مَالًا وَوَلَدًا} »
ذِكْرُ الْخَبَرِ الْمُفَسِّرِ لِقَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: {حَتَّى يُعْطُوا الْجِزْيَةَ عَنْ يَدٍ وَهُمْ صَاغِرُونَ}
Suwa Mu'adh bin Jabal said: “The Messenger of Allah ﷺ send me to Yemen and commanded me; for every forty cows, to take a Musinnah and for every thirty, a Tabi or Tabi'ah.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 1803)
«بَعَثَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْيَمَنِ فَأَمَرَنِي أَنْ آخُذَ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ مِنْ كُلِّ أَرْبَعِينَ مُسِنَّةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ ثَلَاثِينَ تَبِيعًا أَوْ تَبِيعَةً وَمِنْ كُلِّ حَالِمٍ دِينَارًا أَوْ عِدْلَهُ مَعَافِرَ»