21. Book of Expeditions
٢١۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
ذِكْرُ مَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا فِي الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا بِبِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ
Allah the Exalted and Great revealed (a verse) regarding those who were killed at Bi'r Ma'una, and we recited it, till it was abrogated later on (and the verse was like this):, convey to it our people the tidings that we have met our Lord, and He was pleased with us and we were pleased with Him". (Using translation from Muslim 677a)
«دَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى الَّذِينَ قَتَلُوا أَصْحَابَ بِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ ثَلَاثِينَ صَبَاحًا يَدْعُو عَلَى رِعْلٍ وَلِحْيَانَ وَعُصَيَّةَ عَصَتِ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ» قَالَ أَنَسٌ «أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِي الَّذِينَ قُتِلُوا بِبِئْرِ مَعُونَةَ قُرْآنًا قَرَأْنَاهُ حَتَّى نُسِخَ بَعْدُ أَنْ بَلِّغُوا قَوْمَنَا أَنْ لَقِينَا رَبَّنَا فَرَضِيَ عَنَّا وَرَضِينَا عَنْهُ»
ذِكْرُ مَجِيءِ مَنْ كُلِمَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يَنْثَعِبُ دَمُهُ لِيُعْرَفَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْجَمْعِ
One who is wounded in the way of Allah-and Allah knows better who is wounded in His way-will appear on the Day of Judgment with his wound bleediing. The colour (of its discharge) will be the colour of blood, (but) its smell will be the smell of musk. (Using translation from Muslim 1876d)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يُكْلَمُ أَحَدٌ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ يُكْلَمُ فِي سَبِيلِهِ إِلَّا جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَجُرْحُهُ يَنْثَعِبُ دَمًا اللَّوْنُ لَوْنُ دَمٍ وَالرِّيحُ رِيحُ مِسْكٍ»
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ الْجَنَّةِ لِمَنْ قُتِلَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
"I heard Jabir say: 'A man said on the day of Uhud: If I am killed in the cause of Allah, where do you think I will be? He said: In Paradise. He threw down some dates that were in his hand and fought until he was killed.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3154)
رَجُلٌ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قَاتَلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَقُتِلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَأَيْنَ أَنَا قَالَ «فِي الْجَنَّةِ» قَالَ فَأَلْقَى تُمَيْرَاتٍ فِي يَدِهِ ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ فَقَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ إِنَّمَا تَجِبُ لِلشَّهِيدِ إِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ بِحُكْمِ الْأَمِينَيْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ وَجِبْرِيلَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمَا وَسَلَّمَ
"A man came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, if I am killed in the cause of Allah with patience and seeking reward, facing the enemy and not running away, do you think that Allah will forgive my sins?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Yes.' When the man turned away, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him back and said: 'What did you say?' He repeated his question, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Yes, except debt. Jibril told me.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 3156)
أَنَّهُ قَالَ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ قُتِلْتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ صَابِرًا مُحْتَسِبًا مُقْبِلًا غَيْرَ مُدْبِرٍ يُكَفِّرُ اللَّهُ عَنِّي خَطَايَايَ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «نَعَمْ» فَلَمَّا أَدْبَرَ نَادَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَوْ أَمَرَ بِهِ فَنُودِيَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «كَيْفَ قُلْتَ؟ » فَأَعَادَ قَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «نَعَمْ إِلَّا الدِّينَ كَذَلِكَ قَالَ لِي جِبْرِيلُ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ مَا يَجِدُ الشَّهِيدُ مِنْ أَلَمِ الْقَتْلِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا
“The martyr does not feel anything more when he is killed than one of you feels if he is pinched (by a bug).” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2802)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَا يَجِدُ الشَّهِيدُ مَسَّ الْقَتْلِ إِلَّا كَمَا يَجِدُ أَحَدُكُمْ مَسَّ الْقَرْصَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الشَّهِيدَ مِنْ أَوَّلِ مَنْ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The first three to enter Paradise are the martyr, the servant who is sincere to his master, and the one who excels in worshipping his Lord, and the first three to enter Hell are the oppressive ruler, the wealthy person who does not fulfill the rights of Allah regarding his wealth, and the arrogant beggar."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ الشَّهِيدُ وَعَبْدٌ نَصَحَ سَيِّدَهُ وَأَحْسَنَ عِبَادَةَ رَبِّهِ وَضَعِيفٌ مُتَعَفِّفٌ وَأَوَّلُ ثَلَاثَةٍ يَدْخُلُونَ النَّارَ فَأَمِيرٌ مُسَلَّطٌ وَذُو ثَرْوَةٍ مِنْ مَالٍ لَا يُؤَدِّي حَقَّ اللَّهِ فِيهِ وَفَقِيرٌ فَخُورٌ»
ذِكْرُ تَكْوِينِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا نَسَمَةَ الشَّهِيدِ طَائِرًا يَعْلُقُ فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِلَى أَنْ يَبْعَثَهُ اللَّهُ جَلَّ وَعَلَا
“The believer’s soul is a bird that eats from the trees of Paradise, until it will be returned to his body on the Day when he is resurrected.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 4271)
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «نَسَمَةُ الْمُؤْمِنِ طَائِرٌ يَعْلُقُ فِي شَجَرِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَرُدَّهَا اللَّهُ إِلَى جَسَدِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ يُوهِمُ غَيْرَ الْمُتَبَحِّرِ فِي صِنَاعَةِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُ مُضَادٌّ لِخَبَرِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The martyrs are on the banks of a flowing river near the gate of Paradise, in a green dome. Their provision comes to them from Paradise in the morning and evening."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «الشُّهَدَاءُ عَلَى بَارِقِ نَهْرٍ بِبَابِ الْجَنَّةِ فِي قُبَّةٍ خَضْرَاءَ يَخْرُجُ إِلَيْهِمْ رِزْقُهُمْ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا»
ذِكْرُ مَنَازِلِ الشُّهَدَاءِ فِي الْجِنَّانِ بِثَبَاتِهِمْ لَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا
[Machine] The translation of the given Arabic text is as follows:
"When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ prayed the Fajr prayer, he would turn toward us with his face and say, 'Did anyone among you see a dream last night?' So, one day we asked him (about the dreams), and he said, 'I saw two men coming to me and holding my hand, then they took me and ascended with me in a tree. They entered a house with me, which I had never seen anything better than. Then he said, 'This house is the house of martyrs'."
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا بِوَجْهِهِ فَقَالَ «هَلْ رَأَى أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمُ اللَّيْلَةَ رُؤْيَا؟ » فَسَأَلْنَا يَوْمًا ثُمَّ قَالَ «أُرِيتُ اللَّيْلَةَ رَجُلَيْنِ أَتَيَانِي فَأَخَذَا بِيَدِي فَصَعِدَا بِي فِي الشَّجَرَةِ فَأَدْخَلَانِي دَارًا لَمْ أَرَ قَطُّ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا فَقَالَ أَمَا هَذِهِ الدَّارُ فَدَارُ الشُّهَدَاءِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الشَّهِيدَ فِي الْقِيَامَةِ يَشْفَعُ فِي سَبْعِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ
[Machine] "We entered upon Umm ad-Darda while we were young orphans, so she wiped our heads and said, 'Rejoice, O my sons, for I hope that you will be among the intercession of your father. For I heard Abu Darda say I heard the Messenger of Allahﷺ say, 'A martyr will intercede for seventy members of his household.'"
دَخَلْنَا عَلَى أُمِّ الدَّرْدَاءِ وَنَحْنُ أَيْتَامٌ صِغَارٌ فَمَسَحَتْ رُءُوسَنَا وَقَالَتْ أَبْشِرُوا يَا بَنِيَّ فَإِنِّي أَرْجُو أَنْ تَكُونُوا فِي شَفَاعَةِ أَبِيكُمْ فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الدَّرْدَاءِ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «الشَّهِيدُ يَشْفَعُ فِي سَبْعِينَ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ»
ذِكْرُ تَمَنِّي الشُّهَدَاءِ الرُّجُوعَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا مِنْ بَيْنَ الْأَمْوَاتِ لِلْقَتْلِ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى لِمَا يَرَى مِنْ فَضْلِ الشُّهَدَاءِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "No one enters Paradise and is pleased to return to the world except the martyr, for he loves to return to be killed once again."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يَسُرُّهُ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا إِلَّا الشَّهِيدُ فَإِنَّهُ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ لِيُقْتَلَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ تَمَنِّي الشَّهِيدِ الرُّجُوعَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا بِالْعَدَدِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْتُ، وَقَدْ يَتَمَنَّى مَا هُوَ أَكْثَرُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ الْعَدَدِ الْمَذْكُورِ
Nobody who enters Paradise will (ever like to) return to this world even if he were offered everything on the surface of the earth (as an inducement) except the martyr who will desire to return to this world and be killed ten times for the sake of the great honour that has been bestowed upon him. (Using translation from Muslim 1877b)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَا مِنْ أَحَدٍ يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يُحِبُّ أَنْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا وَلَهُ مَا عَلَى الْأَرْضِ مِنْ شَيْءٍ إِلَّا الشَّهِيدُ فَإِنَّهُ يَتَمَنَّى أَنْ يَرْجِعَ إِلَى الدُّنْيَا فَيُقْتَلَ عَشْرَ مَرَّاتٍ لِمَا يَرَى مِنَ الْكَرَامَةِ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْأَنْبِيَاءَ لَا يُفْضُلُونَ الشُّهَدَاءَ إِلَّا بِدَرَجَةِ النُّبُوَّةِ فَقَطْ
[Machine] He heard Utbah ibn Abdus-Sulami, who was one of the companions of the Prophet ﷺ , narrating that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The slain ones (in battle) are of three types: a believer who fought in the cause of Allah with his life and wealth until he met the enemy and was killed, so he is a martyr who will be tested and rewarded under the Throne of Allah. The prophets do not surpass him in status except by the degree of prophethood. And a believer who feels disgusted with himself due to sins and transgressions and fought in the cause of Allah with his life and wealth until he met the enemy and was killed, so his sins and transgressions are eradicated. Verily, the sword wipes away transgressions. He will enter Paradise from any of its eight gates that he wishes, while Hellfire has seven gates, and some of them are better than others. And a hypocrite who fought in the cause of Allah with his life and wealth until he met the enemy and was killed, so he will be in the Fire. Verily, the sword does not erase hypocrisy."
أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُتْبَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ السُّلَمِيِّ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ يُحَدِّثُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «الْقَتْلَى ثَلَاثَةٌ رَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ جَاهَدَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى إِذَا لَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ قَاتَلَهُمْ حَتَّى يُقْتَلَ فَذَلِكَ الشَّهِيدُ الْمُمْتَحَنُ فِي خَيْمَةِ اللَّهِ تَحْتَ عَرْشِهِ وَلَا يَفْضُلُهُ النَّبِيُّونَ إِلَّا بِفَضْلِ دَرَجَةِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَرَجُلٌ مُؤْمِنٌ قَرَفَ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ مِنَ الذُّنُوبِ وَالْخَطَايَا جَاهَدَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى إِذَا لَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ فَتِلْكَ مَصْمَصَةٌ مَحَتْ ذُنُوبَهُ وَخَطَايَاهُ إِنَّ السَّيْفَ مَحَّاءٌ لِلْخَطَايَا وَأُدْخِلَ مِنْ أَيِّ أَبْوَابِ الْجَنَّةِ شَاءَ فَإِنَّ لَهَا ثَمَانِيَةَ أَبْوَابٍ وَلِجَهَنَّمَ سَبْعَةُ أَبْوَابٍ وَبَعْضُهَا أَفْضَلُ مِنْ بَعْضٍ وَرَجُلٌ مُنَافِقٌ جَاهَدَ بِنَفْسِهِ وَمَالِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَتَّى إِذَا لَقِيَ الْعَدُوَّ قَاتَلَ حَتَّى قُتِلَ فَذَلِكَ فِي النَّارِ إِنَّ السَّيْفَ لَا يَمْحُو النِّفَاقَ»
ذِكْرُ إِيجَابِ الْجَنَّةِ لِمَنْ قُتِلَ فِي الْحَرْبِ نَظَّارًا وَإِنْ لَمْ يَرُدْ بِهِ الْقِتَالَ وَلَا قَاتَلَ
[Machine] Harithah, the son of my aunt, set off with an armor on the day of Badr when he left for battle. He was struck by an arrow and killed. Then my aunt, his mother, came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah, if my son Harithah is in Paradise, I will be patient and content. Otherwise, you will see what I will do." The Prophet ﷺ said, "O mother of Harithah, there are many gardens in Paradise, and Harithah is in the highest level of Paradise, Al-Firdaus."
انْطَلَقَ حَارِثَةُ بْنُ عَمَّتِي نَظَّارًا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مَا انْطَلَقَ لِقِتَالٍ فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ فَجَاءَتْ عَمَّتِي أُمُّهُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ابْنِي حَارِثَةُ إِنْ يَكُنْ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَصْبِرْ وَأَحْتَسِبْ وَإِلَّا فَسَتَرَى مَا أَصْنَعُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ «يَا أُمَّ حَارِثَةَ إِنَّهَا جِنَانٌ كَثِيرَةٌ وَإِنَّ حَارِثَةَ فِي الْفِرْدَوْسِ الْأَعْلَى»
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ اجْتِمَاعِ الْقَاتِلِ الْمُسْلِمِ وَالْكَافِرِ فِي النَّارِ عَلَى سَبِيلِ الْخُلُودِ
[Machine] We were informed by Al-Qa'nabi, who was informed by Abdul-Aziz ibn Muhammad, who heard it from Al-Ala, who heard it from his father, who heard it from Abu Hurairah, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The disbeliever and his killer will never be united in the Fire."
حَدَّثَنَا الْقَعْنَبِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ عَنِ الْعَلَاءِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا يَجْتَمِعُ الْكَافِرُ وَقَاتِلُهُ فِي النَّارِ أَبَدًا»
ذِكْرُ اجْتِمَاعِ الْقَاتِلِ الْكَافِرِ الْمُسْلِمَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِذَا سَدَّدَ الْكَافِرُ فَأَسْلَمَ بَعْدُ
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Allah laughs at two men; one of them killed his companion, and both of them will be in paradise."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «ضَحِكَ اللَّهُ مِنْ رَجُلَيْنِ قَتَلَ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ وَكِلَاهُمَا فِي الْجَنَّةِ»
ذِكْرُ كَيْفِيَّةِ اجْتِمَاعِ الْقَاتِلِ الْكَافِرِ الْمُسْلِمَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِذَا سَدَّدَ
"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Allah will laugh at two persons- one of them kills the other, and both of them enter Paradise, for the first one fought in the cause of Allah and was martyred, then his killer repented to Allah and became Muslim, then he also fought in the cause of Allah and was martyred.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 191)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَيَضْحَكُ إِلَى رَجُلَيْنِ يَقْتُلُ أَحَدُهُمَا صَاحِبَهُ وَكِلَاهُمَا يَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ يُقَاتِلُ هَذَا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيُقْتَلُ ثُمَّ يَتُوبُ اللَّهُ عَلَى الْقَاتِلِ فَيُقَاتِلُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَيُسْتَشْهَدُ»