21. Book of Expeditions
٢١۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
Whoso obeys me obeys God; and whose disobeys me disobeys God. Whoso obeys my commander obeys me, and whoso disobeys my commander disobeys me. (Using translation from Muslim 1835c)
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «مَنْ أَطَاعَنِي فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَ وَمَنْ عَصَانِي فَقَدْ عَصَى اللَّهَ وَمَنْ أَطَاعَ الْأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَنِي وَمَنْ عَصَى الْأَمِيرَ فَقَدْ عَصَانِي»
ذِكْرُ أَحَدِ التَّخْصِيصَيْنِ الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ الْخِطَابِ الَّذِي فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ
Whenever we gave the Pledge of allegiance to Messenger of Allah ﷺ for to listen to and obey, he used to say to us, for as much as you can." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7202)
«كُنَّا إِذَا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ يَقُولُ لَنَا «فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
21.3.2 Subsection
٢١۔٣۔٢ ذِكْرُ التَّخْصِيصِ الثَّانِي الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ الْخِطَابِ الَّذِي ذَكَرْنَاهُ قَبْلُ
“Do I not have the right that you should listen to me and obey?” They said: “Yes.” He said: “And if I command you to do something, will you not do it?” They said: “Of course.” He said: “Then I command you to jump into this fire.” Some people got up and got ready to jump, and when he saw that they were about to jump, he said: “Restrain yourselves, for I was joking with you.” When we came to Al-Madinah, they mentioned that to the Prophet ﷺ, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Whoever among you commands you to do something that involves disobedience to Allah, do not obey him.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2863)
بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلْقَمَةَ بْنَ مَجَزَرٍ الْمُدْلِجِيَّ عَلَى بَعْثٍ أَنَا فِيهِمْ فَخَرَجْنَا حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا عَلَى رَأْسِ غَزَاتِنَا أَوْ فِي بَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ اسْتَأْذَنَتْهُ طَائِفَةٌ فَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ وَأَمَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ السَّهْمِيَّ وَكَانَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ بَدْرٍ وَكَانَتْ فِيهِ دُعَابَةٌ فَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ رَجَعَ مَعَهُ فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ فِي الطَّرِيقِ نَزَلْنَا مَنْزِلًا وَأَوْقَدَ الْقَوْمُ نَارًا يَصْطَلُونَ بِهَا أَوْ يَصْنَعُونَ عَلَيْهَا صَنِيعًا لَهُمْ إِذْ قَالَ لَهُمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ حُذَافَةَ أَلَيْسَ لِي عَلَيْكُمُ السَّمْعُ وَالطَّاعَةُ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَأَنَا آمُرُكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ أَلَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ؟ قَالُوا بَلَى قَالَ فَإِنِّي أَعَزِمُ عَلَيْكُمْ بِحَقِّي وَطَاعَتِي إِلَّا تَوَاثَبْتُمْ فِي هَذِهِ النَّارِ قَالَ فَقَامَ نَاسٌ حَتَّى إِذَا ظَنَّ أَنَّهُمْ وَاثِبُونَ فِيهَا قَالَ أَمْسِكُوا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِنَّمَا كُنْتُ أَضْحَكُ مَعَكُمْ فَلَمَّا قَدِمُوا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لَهُ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ أَمَرَكُمْ بِمَعْصِيَةٍ فَلَا تُطِيعُوهُ»
[Machine] From Abu Ali Amr ibn Malik al-Janbi, from Fadalah ibn Ubayd, from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who said:
"There are three types of people who will not be asked about: a man who separates from the community, disobeys his leader, and dies while in disobedience; a servant or slave who survives his master and then dies; and a woman whose husband is absent and she has been provided for by the world, but she betrays him after he leaves.
And there are three types of people who will not be asked about: a man who argues with Allah regarding His robe, for His robe is pride, and His garment is honor; and a man who doubts the commandments of Allah; and a person who despairs of the mercy of Allah."
عَنْ أَبِي عَلِيٍّ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْجَنْبِيِّ عَنْ فَضَالَةَ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «ثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يُسْأَلُ عَنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ وَعَصَى إِمَامَهُ وَمَاتَ عَاصِيًا وَأَمَةٌ أَوْ عَبْدٌ أَبَقَ مِنْ سَيِّدِهِ فَمَاتَ وَامْرَأَةٌ غَابَ زَوْجُهَا وَقَدْ كَفَاهَا مُؤْنَةَ الدُّنْيَا فَخَانَتْهُ بَعْدَهُ وَثَلَاثَةٌ لَا يُسْأَلُ عَنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ يُنَازِعُ اللَّهَ رِدَاءَهُ فَإِنَّ رِدَاءَهُ الْكِبْرُ وَإِزَارَهُ الْعِزُّ وَرَجُلٌ فِي شَكٍّ مِنْ أَمْرِ اللَّهِ وَالْقَانِطُ مِنْ رَحْمَةِ اللَّهِ»
[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he said, "I command you with three things and forbid you from three things. I command you to worship Allah alone and not associate anything with Him, to hold firmly to the rope of Allah together and not to divide, and to obey the one whom Allah has placed in authority over you. And I forbid you from indulging in gossip, spreading rumors, and excessive questioning, and from wasting wealth."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «آمُرُكُمْ بِثَلَاثٍ وَأَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ ثَلَاثٍ آمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَعْبُدُوا اللَّهَ وَلَا تُشْرِكُوا بِهِ شَيْئًا وَتَعْتَصِمُوا بِحَبْلِ اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا وَلَا تَتَفَرَّقُوا وَتُطِيعُوا لِمَنْ وَلَّاهُ اللَّهُ أَمْرَكُمْ وَأَنْهَاكُمْ عَنْ قِيلَ وَقَالَ وَكَثْرَةِ السُّؤَالِ وَإِضَاعَةِ الْمَالِ»
21.3 [Machine] Obedience to the Imams
٢١۔٣ بَابُ طَاعَةِ الْأَئِمَّةِ
ذِكْرُ أَحَدِ التَّخْصِيصَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ يَخُصَّانِ عُمُومَ تِلْكَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي تَقَدَّمْ ذِكْرُنَا لَهَا
Whenever we gave the Pledge of allegiance to Messenger of Allah ﷺ for to listen to and obey, he used to say to us, for as much as you can." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7202)
كُنَّا إِذَا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ يَقُولُ لَنَا «فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
21.3.4 Subsection
٢١۔٣۔٤ ذِكْرُ التَّخْصِيصِ الثَّانِي الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ تِلْكَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا
[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "Listen and obey in both times of ease and hardship, in what pleases you and what displeases you, in what affects you and even if they take your wealth or strike your back, except if it involves disobedience."
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ «اسْمَعْ وَأَطِعْ فِي عُسْرِكَ وَيُسْرِكَ وَمَنْشَطِكَ وَمَكْرَهِكَ وَأَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْكَ وَإِنْ أَكَلُوا مَالَكَ وَضَرَبُوا ظَهْرَكَ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ مَعْصِيَةً»
[Machine] I heard the Messenger of Allahﷺ delivering his sermon during the Farewell Pilgrimage while riding his young camel, and he was fastening the reins of the saddle. He said, "O people!" A man at the back said, "What do you say? What do you want?" He said, "Do you not hear? Obey your Lord, perform your five daily prayers, pay your Zakat, and obey your leaders. You will enter the Paradise of your Lord." Then I asked my father Umaymah ibn Al-Khamm, "How old were you when you heard this?" He said, "I heard it when I was thirty years old."
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَخَطَبَنَا فِي حَجَّةِ الْوَدَاعِ وَهُوَ عَلَى نَاقَتِهِ الْجَدْعَاءِ وَتَطَاوَلَ فِي غَرْزِ الرَّحْلِ فَقَالَ «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ فِي آخِرِ النَّاسِ مَا تَقُولُ أَوْ مَا تُرِيدُ؟ فَقَالَ «أَلَا تَسْمَعُونَ أَطِيعُوا رَبَّكُمْ وَصَلُّوا خَمْسَكُمْ وَأَدُّوا زَكَاةَ أَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَطِيعُوا أُمَرَائَكُمْ تَدْخُلُوا جُنَّةَ رَبِّكُمْ» فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي أُمَامَةَ ابْنَ كَمْ كُنْتَ يَوْمَئِذٍ حِينَ سَمِعْتَ هَذَا؟ قَالَ « سَمِعْتُ وَأَنَا ابْنُ ثَلَاثِينَ سَنَةً»
21.3 [Machine] Obedience to the Imams
٢١۔٣ بَابُ طَاعَةِ الْأَئِمَّةِ
ذِكْرُ أَحَدِ التَّخْصِيصَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ يَخُصَّانِ عُمُومَ تِلْكَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي ذَكَرْنَاهَا فِي خَبَرِ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ
[Machine] I performed the farewell pilgrimage with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I saw either Usama or Bilal leading the Messenger of Allah's camel by its reins, and the other one raising his garment to cover him from the heat until he threw the pebbles at Al-Aqaba. Then he turned and the people stood up. He placed his garment from under his right armpit on his left shoulder. I saw beneath his right sleeve a patch resembling a collection [of lice]. Then he mentioned many things, and he used to say, ﷺ, "If a slave who is a Muja'adh comes to you with the Book of Allah, listen and obey. Have I conveyed (the message)?"
حَجَجْتُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَجَّةَ الْوَدَاعِ فَرَأَيْتُ أُسَامَةَ أَوْ بِلَالًا يَقُودُ بِخِطَامِ نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَالْآخَرَ رَافِعُ ثَوْبَهُ يَسْتُرُهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْحَرِّ حَتَّى رَمَى جَمْرَةَ الْعَقَبَةِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ فَوَقَفَ النَّاسُ وَقَدْ جَعَلَ ثَوْبَهُ مِنْ تَحْتِ إِبْطِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ عَلَى عَاتِقِهِ الْأَيْسَرِ قَالَ فَرَأَيْتُ تَحْتَ غُضْرُوفِهِ الْأَيْمَنِ كَهَيْئَةِ جُمْعٍ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قَوْلًا كَثِيرًا وَكَانَ فِيمَا يَقُولُ ﷺ «إِنْ أُمِّرَ عَلَيْكُمْ عَبْدٌ مُجَدَّعٌ أَسْوَدُ يَقُودُكُمْ بِكِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَاسْمَعُوا وَأَطِيعُوا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ؟ »
ذِكْرُ التَّخْصِيصِ الثَّانِي الَّذِي يَخُصُّ عُمُومَ اللَّفْظَةِ الَّتِي تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُنَا لَهَا
"We used to pledge to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to hear and obey." So he would say to us: "As much as you are able." (Using translation from Tirmidhī 1593)
كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُبَايِعُنَا عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ ثُمَّ يُلَقِّنُنَا «فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ»
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِالتَّخْصِيصَيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ ذَكَرْنَاهُمَا
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "O Ubada!" I said, "Here I am at your service." He said, "Listen and obey in times of ease and times of hardship, in things you dislike and those that inconvenience you, even if they take your wealth or strike your back, unless they involve disobedience to Allah."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «يَا عُبَادَةَ» قُلْتُ لَبَّيْكَ قَالَ «اسْمَعْ وَأَطِعْ فِي عُسْرِكَ وَيُسْرِكَ وَمَكْرَهِكَ وَأَثَرَةٍ عَلَيْكَ وَإِنْ أَكَلُوا مَالَكَ وَضَرَبُوا ظَهْرَكَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ مَعْصِيَةً لِلَّهِ بَوَاحًا»
ذِكْرُ نَفْيِ إِيجَابِ الطَّاعَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ إِذَا دَعَا إِلَى مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا
Enter it. Some people wanted to enter it, but others said: This is what we wanted to flee from. That was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and he said to those who had wanted to enter it: “If you had entered it you would have remained in it until the Day of Resurrection.” He said some kind words to the others, then he said: ʿThere is no obedience in that which involves disobedience towards Allah; obedience is only with regard to that which is right and proper.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 724)
بَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَيْشًا وَأَمَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَجُلًا فَأَوْقَدَ نَارًا فَقَالَ ادْخُلُوهَا فَأَرَادَ نَاسٌ أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ إِنَّا فَرَرْنَا مِنْهَا فَذُكِرَ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِلَّذِينَ أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوهَا «لَوْ دَخَلْتُمُوهَا لَمْ تَزَالُوا فِيهَا إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ» أَوْ قَالَ «أَبَدًا» وَقَالَ لِلْآخَرِينَ «خَيْرًا» وَقَالَ «أَحْسَنْتُمْ لَا طَاعَةَ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا الطَّاعَةُ فِي الْمَعْرُوفِ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ طَاعَةِ الْمَرْءِ لِمَنْ دَعَاهُ إِلَى مَعْصِيَةِ الْبَارِي جَلَّ وَعَلَا
ʿThere is no obedience to any human being if it involves disobedience to Allah.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 1065)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا طَاعَةَ لِبَشَرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ أَنْ يُطِيعَ الْمَرْءُ أَحَدًا مِنْ أَوْلَادِ آدَمَ إِذَا أَمَرَهُ بِمَا لَيْسَ لِلَّهِ فِيهِ رِضًى
ʿThere is no obedience to any human being if it involves disobedience to Allah.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 1065)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «لَا طَاعَةَ لِبَشَرٍ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ»
ذِكْرُ تَخَوِّفِ الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ مُجَانَبَتِهِمُ الطَّرِيقَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ بِانْقِيَادِهِمْ لِلْأَئِمَّةِ الْمُضِلِّينَ
[Machine] "The Prophet of Allah ﷺ said, 'Verily, I do not fear for my nation except for the misguided leaders. And when the sword is brandished among my people, it will not be lifted from them until the Day of Resurrection.'"
نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي لَا أَخَافُ عَلَى أُمَّتِي إِلَّا الْأَئِمَّةَ الْمُضِلِّينَ وَإِذَا وُضِعَ السَّيْفُ فِي أُمَّتِي لَمْ يُرْفَعْ عَنْهُمْ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الْأَئِمَّةِ الْمُضِلِّينَ الَّتِي كَانَ يَتَخَوَّفُهَا عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ ﷺ
the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'Allah will not take away knowledge by removing it from people (from their hearts). Rather He will take away knowledge by taking away the scholars, then when there are no scholars left, the people will take the ignorant as their leaders. They will be asked questions and they will issue verdicts without knowledge, thus they will go astray and lead others astray.'" (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 52)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَقْبِضُ الْعِلْمَ انْتِزَاعًا يَنْتَزِعُهُ وَلَكِنْ يَقْبِضُ الْعِلْمَ بِقَبْضِ الْعُلَمَاءِ حَتَّى إِذَا لَمْ يُبْقِ عَالِمًا اتَّخَذَ النَّاسُ رُؤَسَاءَ جُهَّالًا فَسُئِلُوا فَأَفْتَوْا بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ فَضَلُّوا وَأَضَلُّوا» فَلَقِيتُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو بِسَنَةٍ فَحَدَّثَنِيهُ
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الضَّلَالَةِ الَّتِي كَانَ يَتَخَوَّفُهَا ﷺ عَلَى أُمَّتِهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ looked at the sky and said, "This is the time for the elevation of knowledge." A man from the Ansar named Labid bin Ziyad said, "O Messenger of Allah, knowledge has already been established and its benefits have reached people's hearts." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If I were to consider anyone the most knowledgeable of the people of Madinah, it would be you." Then, he mentioned the misguidance of the Jews and Christians regarding what they have in their hands from the Book of Allah. I met Shaddad bin Aws and narrated to him the hadith of Awf bin Malik. He said, "Awf spoke the truth." Then he said, "Shall I inform you of the first thing to be lifted up?" I said, "Yes." He said, "It is humility until you do not see anyone showing humbleness."
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ نَظَرَ إِلَى السَّمَاءِ فَقَالَ «هَذَا أَوَانُ رَفْعِ الْعِلْمُ» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ يُقَالُ لَهُ لَبِيدُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يُرْفَعُ الْعِلْمُ وَقَدْ أُثْبِتَ وَوَعَتْهُ الْقُلُوبُ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنْ كُنْتُ لَأَحْسِبُكَ أَفْقَهَ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ» ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ ضَلَالَةَ الْيَهُودِ وَالنَّصَارَى عَلَى مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللَّهِ قَالَ فَلَقِيتُ شَدَّادَ بْنَ أَوْسٍ وَحَدَّثْتُهُ بِحَدِيثِ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ فَقَالَ صَدَقَ عَوْفٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُ بِأَوَّلِ ذَلِكَ يُرْفَعُ؟ قُلْتُ بَلَى قَالَ الْخُشُوعُ حَتَّى لَا تَرَى خَاشِعًا
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنْ تَرْكِ اعْتِقَادِ الْمَرْءِ الْإِمَامَ الَّذِي يُطِيعُ اللَّهَ جَلَّ وَعَلَا فِي أَسْبَابِهِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Whoever dies without having an imam (leader), dies the death of ignorance."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ مَاتَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ إِمَامٌ مَاتَ مَيْتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ لُزُومِ النَّصِيحَةِ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ لِنَفْسِهِ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَامَّةً
"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Religion is sincerity (An-Nasihah).' They said: 'To whom, O Messenger of Allah? He said: 'To Allah, to His Book, to His Messenger, to the imams of the Muslims and to their common folk"' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4198)
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُ قَالَ «الدِّينُ النَّصِيحَةُ» ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ قَالُوا لِمَنْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «لِلَّهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِأَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَوْ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَعَامَّتِهِمْ»
ذِكْرُ الَإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ لُزُومِ النَّصِيحَةِ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ لِنَفْسِهِ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ عَامَّةً
[Machine] Then I met Suhail and said to him, "Have you heard a narration from 'Amr about Al-Qa'qa' from your father?" He replied, "I heard it from the one who heard it from my father, who said he heard it from Abu Sidiq, to Abu, who used to come from Sham, known as 'Ata' bin Yazid Al-Laythi. He reported that Tamim Al-Dari heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Verily, religion is advice.' They then asked, 'To whom, O Messenger of Allah?' He replied, 'To Allah, His Book, His Messenger, and the leaders of the Muslims and the general public.'"
ثُمَّ لَقِيتُ سُهَيْلًا فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَرَأَيْتَ حَدِيثًا كَانَ يُحَدِّثُ عَمْرٌو عَنِ الْقَعْقَاعِ عَنْ أَبِيكِ سَمِعْتَهُ مِنْ أَبِيكِ قَالَ سَمِعْتُهُ مِنَ الَّذِي سَمِعَهُ مِنْهُ أَبِي صِدِّيقٍ لِأَبِي كَانَ يَأْتِي مِنَ الشَّامِ يُقَالُ لَهُ عَطَاءُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ اللَّيْثِيُّ سَمِعْتُهُ أَخْبَرَ ذَلِكَ عَنْ تَمِيمٍ الدَّارِيِّ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «أَلَا إِنَّ الدِّينَ النَّصِيحَةُ أَلَا إِنَّ الدِّينَ النَّصِيحَةُ أَلَا إِنَّ الدِّينَ النَّصِيحَةُ» قَالُوا لِمَنْ يَا رَسُولَ؟ قَالَ «لِلَّهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ وَلِرَسُولِهِ وَلِأَئِمَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَامَّتِهِمْ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ لُزُومِ مَا عَلَيْهِ جَمَاعَةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَتَرْكِ الِانْفِرَادِ عَنْهُمْ بِتَرْكِ الْجَمَاعَاتِ
The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood before us as I am standing before you, and said: ʿI urge you to show respect to my Companions, then those who come after them, then those who come after them, then lying will become so widespread that a man will start to give testimony before he is asked to do so.Whoever among you wants to attain a spacious abode in Paradise, let him adhere to the jama'ah (main body of Muslims), for the Shaitan is with the one who is alone, but he is further away from two. And no one of you should be alone with a woman for the Shaitan will be the third one present. The one who is pleased with his good deeds and upset by his bad deeds is a believer.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 114)
قَامَ فِينَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُقَامِي فِيكُمُ الْيَوْمَ فَقَالَ «أَلَا أَحْسِنُوا إِلَى أَصْحَابِي ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُمْ ثُمَّ يَفْشُو الْكَذِبُ حَتَّى يَشْهَدَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى الشَّهَادَةِ لَا يُسْأَلُهَا وَيَحْلِفُ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى الْيَمِينِ لَا يُسْأَلُهَا فَمَنْ أَرَادَ مِنْكُمْ بُحْبُوحَةَ الْجَنَّةِ فَلْيَلْزَمِ الْجَمَاعَةَ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ مَعَ الْوَاحِدِ وَهُوَ مِنَ الِاثْنَيْنِ أَبْعَدُ وَلَا يَخْلَوَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ بِامْرَأَةٍ فَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ ثَالِثُهُمَا وَمَنْ سَاءَتْهُ سَيِّئَتُهُ وَسَرَّتْهُ حَسَنَتُهُ فَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ»
ذِكْرُ إِثْبَاتِ مَعُونَةِ اللَّهِ جَلَّ وَعَلَا الْجَمَاعَةَ، وَإِعَانَةِ الشَّيْطَانِ مَنْ فَارَقَهَا
"I saw the Prophet [SAW] on the Minbar addressing the people. He said: 'After me there will be many calamities and much evil behavior. Whoever you see splitting away from the Jama'ah or trying to create division among the Ummah of Muhammad [SAW], then kill him, for the Hand of Allah is with the Jama'ah, and the Shaitan is with the one who splits away from the Ummah, running with him.'" (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4020)
سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ يَقُولُ «سَيَكُونُ بَعْدِي هَنَاتٌ وَهَنَاتٌ فَمَنْ رَأَيْتُمُوهُ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةِ أَوْ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يُفَرِّقَ بَيْنَ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ وَأَمْرُهُمْ جَمِيعٌ فَاقْتُلُوهُ كَائِنًا مَنْ كَانَ فَإِنَّ يَدَ اللَّهِ مَعَ الْجَمَاعَةِ وَإِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ مَعَ مَنْ فَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ يَرْتَكِضُ»
ذِكْرُ إِثْبَاتِ مَوْتِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ بِالْمُفَارِقِ جَمَاعَةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ
[Machine] "I did not come to sit, but rather I came to speak to you two words that I heard from the Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. I heard the Messenger of Allahﷺ saying, 'Whoever withdraws his hand from obedience (to Allah), he will not have any proof (excuse) on the Day of Resurrection. And whoever dies while being separate from the congregation, then indeed he will die the death of ignorance.'"
إِنِّي لَمْ آتِ لِأَجْلِسَ إِنَّمَا جِئْتُ لِأُكَلِّمَكَ كَلِمَتَيْنِ سَمِعْتُهُمَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «مَنْ نَزَعَ يَدًا مِنْ طَاعَةٍ لَمْ تَكُنْ لَهُ حُجَّةٌ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ وَمَنْ مَاتَ مُفَارِقَ الْجَمَاعَةِ فَإِنَّهُ يَمُوتُ مَوْتَةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ»
ذِكْرُ إِثْبَاتِ مَوْتِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ عَلَى مَنْ قُتِلَ تَحْتَ رَايَةِ عِمِّيَّةٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah said, "Whoever is killed under a blind banner, their killing is the killing of ignorant people."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ «مَنْ قُتِلَ تَحْتَ رَايَةٍ عِمِّيَّةٍ فَقَتْلُهُ قِتْلَةٌ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ الرَّايَةِ الْعِمِّيَّةِ الَّتِي أَثْبَتَ لِمَنْ قُتِلَ تَحْتَهَا بِهَذَا الِاسْمِ
One who defected from obedience (to the Amir) and separated from the main body of the Muslims - if he died in that state-would die the death of one belonging to the days of Jahiliyya (i.e. would not die as a Muslim). One who fights under the banner of a people who are blind (to the cause for which they are fighting, i.e. do not know whether their cause is just or otherwise), who gets flared up with family pride, calls (people) to fight for their family honour, and supports his kith and kin (i.e. fights not for the cause of Allah but for the sake of this family or tribe) - if he is killed (in this fight), he dies as one belonging to the days of Jahiliyya. Whoso attacks my Ummah (indiscriminately) killing the righteous and the wicked of them, sparing not (even) those staunch in faith and fulfilling not his promise made with those who have been given a pledge of security - he has nothing to do with me and I have nothing to do with him. (Using translation from Muslim 1848a)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «مَنْ خَرَجَ مِنَ الطَّاعَةِ وَفَارَقَ الْجَمَاعَةَ فَمَاتَ فَمِيتَةٌ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ وَمَنْ خَرَجَ عَلَى أُمَّتِي يَضْرِبُ بَرَّهَا وَفَاجِرَهَا لَا يَتَحَاشَى مِنْ مُؤْمِنِهَا وَلَا يَفِي بِذِي عَهْدِهَا فَقِتْلَةٌ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ وَمَنْ قَاتَلَ تَحْتَ رَايَةٍ عِمِّيَّةٍ يُقَاتِلُ لِعَصَبَةٍ أَوْ يَغْضَبُ لِعَصَبَةٍ فَقَتْلُهُ قِتْلَةٌ جَاهِلِيَّةٌ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ طَاعَةَ الْقُرَشِيِّينَ مِنَ الْأَئِمَّةِ إِذَا عَدَلُوا فِي الرَّعِيَّةِ وَأَقَامُوا الْحَقَّ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "I have rights upon the Quraysh, and the Quraysh have rights upon you. As long as they judge with justice, fulfill their trust, and show mercy, then fulfill your obligations towards them and show mercy to them. But whoever does not do so, then upon him is the curse of Allah."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ لِي عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِقُرَيْشٍ عَلَيْكُمْ حَقًّا مَا حَكَمُوا وَعَدَلُوا وَائْتُمِنُوا فَأَدُّوا وَاسْتُرْحِمُوا فَرَحِمُوا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ مِنْهُمْ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللَّهِ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يُفْدِيَ إِمَامَهُ بِنَفْسِهِ
[Machine] Abu Talhah used to throw his arrows in front of the Prophet ﷺ and the Prophet ﷺ would raise his head from behind to see where it would land. Abu Talhah would extend his chest to protect the Prophet ﷺ and would say, "O Prophet of Allah, may Allah sacrifice my life for your sake, not a hair of yours."
أَنَّ أَبَا طَلْحَةَ كَانَ يَرْمِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَرْفَعُ رَأْسَهُ مِنْ خَلْفِهِ لَيَنْظُرَ أَيْنَ يَقَعُ نَبْلُهُ فَيَتَطَاوَلُ أَبُو طَلْحَةَ بِصَدْرِهِ يَتَّقِي بِهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ هَكَذَا يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ جَعَلَنِي اللَّهُ فِدَاكَ نَحْرِي دُونَ نَحْرِكَ
ذِكْرُ الْإِبَاحَةِ لِلْمَرْءِ أَنْ يُوَقِّرَ إِمَامَهُ وَيُعَظِّمَهُ جُهْدَهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي قَوْلِهِ لِمَنْ قَصَدَ ضِدَّهُ مَا لَا يُوجِبُ الْحُكْمَ ذَلِكَ
[Machine] "He stood at the head of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a sword, while he was masked and holding a protective rope. He said, 'So, Uruwah began to handle the beard of the Prophet ﷺ and speak to him.' Then, Mugheerah said to Uruwah, 'Either you remove your hand from his beard or I will harm you.' Uruwah asked, 'Who is this?' They said, 'This is the son of your brother, Mugheerah bin Shu'bah.' Uruwah said, 'O, you betrayer, did you not cleanse yourself from your treachery before?'
«أَنَّهُ كَانَ قَائِمًا عَلَى رَأْسِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالسَّيْفِ وَهُوَ مُلَثَّمٌ وَعِنْدَهُ عُرْوَةُ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ عُرْوَةُ يَتَنَاوَلُ لِحْيَةَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَيُحَدِّثُهُ قَالَ فَقَالَ الْمُغِيرَةُ لِعُرْوَةَ لَتَكُفَّنَّ يَدَكَ عَنْ لِحْيَتِهِ أَوْ لَا تَرْجِعُ إِلَيْكَ» قَالَ فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالَ هَذَا ابْنُ أَخِيكَ الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ يَا غُدَرُ مَا غَسَلْتَ رَأْسَكَ مِنْ غَدْرَتِكَ بَعْدُ «
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْحَقَّ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ لِلْأُمَرَاءِ عَلَى الرَّعِيَّةِ إِذَا رَعَوْهُمْ فِي الْأَسْبَابِ وَالْأَوْقَاتِ
[Machine] From the Messenger of Allah ﷺ who said, "I have a right over the Quraysh, and the Quraysh have a right over you. Whatever they judge, accept it with justice. Trust them with what they entrusted you, fulfill your obligations, and show mercy to them, and they will show mercy to you."
عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ «إِنَّ لِي عَلَى قُرَيْشٍ حَقًّا وَإِنَّ لِقُرَيْشٍ عَلَيْكُمْ حَقًّا مَا حَكَمُوا فَعَدَلُوا وَائْتُمِنُوا فَأَدُّوا وَاسْتُرْحِمُوا فَرَحِمُوا»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ اسْتِعْمَالَ مَا يَقُولُ الْأُمَرَاءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مِنَ الْخَيْرِ وَتَرْكَ أَفْعَالِهِمْ إِذَا خَالَفُوهُمْ
[Machine] I have one of the two in this world and everything in it; one from the Najashi and the other from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . As for what I heard from the Najashi, we were with him when his son, who was from the People of the Book, came to him and presented his tablet. I understood some of their conversation, then there was a verse that made me laugh, so he asked me, "What made you laugh?" By the One in whose hand is my soul, a revelation from the One on the Throne would have been sent if Jesus, son of Mary, had said: "The curse is on the earth when the rule belongs to children." And what I heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , I heard him saying, "Listen to what Quraysh says and leave their actions."
أَنْ لِي بِوَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا الدُّنْيَا وَمَا فِيهَا إِحْدَاهُمَا مِنَ النَّجَاشِيِّ وَالْأُخْرَى مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَمَّا الَّتِي سَمِعْتُهَا مِنَ النَّجَاشِيِّ فَإِنَّا كُنَّا عِنْدَهُ إِذْ جَاءَهُ ابْنٌ لَهُ مِنَ الْكُتَّابِ فَعَرَضَ لَوْحَهُ قَالَ وَكُنْتُ أَفْهَمُ بَعْضَ كَلَامِهِمْ فَمَرَّ بِآيَةٍ فَضَحِكْتُ فَقَالَ مَا الَّذِي أَضْحَكَكَ؟ فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَأُنْزِلَتْ مِنْ عِنْدَ ذِي الْعَرْشِ إِنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ قَالَ إِنَّ اللَّعْنَةَ تَكُونُ فِي الْأَرْضِ إِذَا كَانَتْ إِمَارَةُ الصِّبْيَانِ وَالَّذِي سَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ «اسْمَعُوا مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَدَعُوا فِعْلَهُمْ»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ عِنْدَ ظُهُورِ أُمَرَاءِ السُّوءِ مُجَانَبَتِهِمْ فِي الْأَحْوَالِ وَالْأَسْبَابِ
[Machine] The messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There will come upon you rulers who will bring the worst of people close to you and delay the prayer from its appointed time. Whoever among you witnesses that should not be an informer, a police officer, a courier, or a treasurer."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَيَأْتِيَنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ أُمَرَاءُ يُقَرِّبُونَ شِرَارَ النَّاسِ وَيُؤَخِّرُونَ الصَّلَاةَ عَنْ مَوَاقِيتِهَا فَمَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ مِنْكُمْ فَلَا يَكُونَنَّ عَرِيفًا وَلَا شُرْطِيًا وَلَا جَابِيًا وَلَا خَازِنًا»
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ بِأَنَّ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ عِنْدَ ظُهُورِ الْجَوْرِ أَدَاءَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ دُونَ الِامْتِنَاعِ عَلَى الْأُمَرَاءِ
The Prophet ﷺ said, "Soon others will be preferred to you, and there will be things which you will not like." The companions of the Prophet ﷺ asked, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! What do you order us to do (in this case)? " He said, "(I order you) to give the rights that are on you and to ask your rights from Allah." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3603)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا» قَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ «تُؤَدُّونَ الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ وَتَسْأَلُونَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرَ عَنِ الْخُرُوجِ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ بِالسِّلَاحِ وَإِنْ جَارُوا
“Whoever bears weapons against us is not one of us.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2575)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا السِّلَاحَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»
ذِكْرُ الزَّجْرِ عَنِ الْخُرُوجِ عَلَى أُمَرَاءِ السُّوءِ، وَإِنْ جَارُوا بَعْدَ أَنْ يُكْرَهُ بِالْخَلَدِ مَا يَأْتُونَ
The best of your rulers are those whom you love and who love you, who invoke God's blessings upon you and you invoke His blessings upon them. And the worst of your rulers are those whom you hate and who hate you and whom you curse and who curse you. It was asked (by those present): Shouldn't we overthrow them with the help of the sword? He said: No, as long as they establish prayer among you. If you then find anything detestable in them. You should hate their administration, but do not withdraw yourselves from their obedience. (Using translation from Muslim 1855a)
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «خِيَارُكُمْ وَخِيَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمُ الَّذِينَ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَكُمْ وَيُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَتُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَشِرَارُكُمْ وَشِرَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمُ الَّذِينَ تُبْغِضُونَهُمْ وَيُبْغِضُونَكُمْ وَتَلْعَنُونَهُمْ وَيَلْعَنُونَكُمْ» قِيلَ أَفَلَا نُنَابِذُهُمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «لَا مَا أَقَامُوا الصَّلَوَاتِ الْخَمْسَ أَلَا وَمَنْ لَهُ وَالٍ فَيَرَاهُ يَأْتِي شَيْئًا مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ فَلْيَكْرَهْ مَا يَأْتِي مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ وَلَا يَنْزِعْ يَدًا مِنْ طَاعَتِهِ»
ذِكْرُ مَا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ مِنْ تَرْكِ الْخُرُوجِ عَلَى الْأُمَرَاءِ وَإِنْ جَارُوا
“Whoever bears weapons against us is not one of us.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2575)
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ «مَنْ حَمَلَ عَلَيْنَا السِّلَاحَ فَلَيْسَ مِنَّا»