21. Book of Expeditions
٢١۔ كِتَابُ السِّيَرِ
ذِكْرُ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْإِمَامِ أَخْذُ الْبَيْعَةِ مِنَ النَّاسِ عَلَى شَرَائِطَ مَعْلُومَةٍ
I gave the pledge of allegiance to Messenger of Allah ﷺ for the following: 1. offer prayers perfectly 2. pay the Zakat (obligatory charity) 3. and be sincere and true to every Muslim. (Using translation from Bukhārī 57)
«بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى إِقَامِ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ النُّصْحَ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ فِي الْبَيْعَةِ الَّتِي وَصَفْنَاهَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ مَعَ الْإِقْرَارِ بِالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ
I swore allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ promising to hear and obey, and behave sincerely towards every Muslim. AbuZur'ah said: Whenever he sold and bought anything, he would say: What we took from you is dearer to us than what we gave you. So choose (as you like). (Using translation from Abū Dāʾūd 4945)
«بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ» فَكَانَ إِذَا اشْتَرَى شَيْئًا أَوْ بَاعَهُ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ اعْلَمْ أَنَّ مَا أَخَذْنَا مِنْكَ أَحَبُّ إِلَيْنَا مِمَّا أَعْطَيْنَاكَهُ فَاخْتَرْ
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ اللَّذَيْنِ يُبَايعُ الْإِمَامُ رَعِيَّتَهُ عَلَيْهِمَا
“We gave our pledge to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, pledging to listen and obey in times of hardship and times of ease, willingly or reluctantly, and when others are shown preference over us, and that we would not dispute the order of those in charge, that we would speak the truth wherever we are, and that we would not fear the blame of anyone when acting or speaking for the sake of Allah.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2866)
«بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي الْيُسْرِ وَالْعُسْرِ وَالْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَهِ وَأَنْ لَا نُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ وَأَنْ نَقُومَ أَوْ نَقُولَ بِالْحَقِّ حَيْثُ مَا كُنَّا لَا نَخَافُ فِي اللَّهِ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ»
ذِكْرُ وَصْفِ السَّبَبِ الَّذِي تَقَعُ الْبَيْعَةُ فِي السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ اللَّذَيْنِ وَصَفْنَاهُمَا
Whenever we gave the Pledge of allegiance to Messenger of Allah ﷺ for to listen to and obey, he used to say to us, for as much as you can." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7202)
«كُنَّا إِذَا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ يَقُولُ لَنَا » فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ «
ذِكْرُ خَبَرٍ ثَانٍ يُصَرِّحُ بِصِحَّةِ مَا ذَكَرْنَاهُ
"When we gave our pledge to the Messenger of Allah to hear and obey, he would say to us: 'In as much as you can". (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4188)
كُنَّا نُبَايعُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ يَقُولُ لَنَا «فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ»
ذِكْرُ الْبَيَانِ بِأَنَّ الْبَيْعَةَ إِنَّمَا يَجِبُ أَنْ تَقَعَ عَلَى الْإِمَامِ مِنَ النَّاسِ مِنَ الْأَحْرَارِ مِنْهُمْ دُونَ الْعَبِيدِ
[Machine] That a servant pledged allegiance to the Prophet ﷺ for migration, so his master came to him wanting him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Then I will buy him with two black slaves." He did not pledge allegiance to anyone for migration until he asked him, "Is he a slave?"
أَنَّ عَبْدًا بَايَعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ فَأَتَاهُ سَيِّدُهُ يُرِيدُهُ قَالَ فَاشْتَرَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِعَبْدَيْنِ أَسْوَدَيْنِ ثُمَّ لَمْ يُبَايعْ أَحَدًا عَلَى الْهِجْرَةِ حَتَّى يَسْأَلَهُ «أَعْبُدٌ هُوَ؟ »
ذِكْرُ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ أَنْ تَكُونَ بَيْعَةُ الرَّعِيَّةِ إِمَامَهُمْ عَلَيْهِ
[Machine] "We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Hudaybiyyah, while I was protecting him from the branches of a tree hitting his face. So we pledged allegiance to him not to flee, and we pledged allegiance to him until death. We asked him, 'How many were you?' He replied, 'One thousand and four hundred.'"
«بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَأَنَا أَرْفَعُ غُصْنَ الشَّجَرَةِ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نَفِرَّ لَمْ نُبَايعْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ قُلْنَا لَهُ كَمْ كُنْتُمْ؟ قَالَ أَلْفٌ وَأَرْبَعُ مِائَةٍ»
ذِكْرُ السَّبَبِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ تَقَعُ الْبَيْعَةُ مِنَ الرَّعِيَّةِ عَلَى الْأَئِمَّةِ
[Machine] I heard Ibn Umar say, "When we used to pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ , he would teach us to 'hear and obey to the best of our abilities'."
سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ كُنَّا إِذَا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُلَقِّنُنَا «عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْنَا»
ذِكْرُ مَا يُسْتَحَبُّ لِلْإِمَامِ أَخْذُ الْبَيْعَةَ مِنْ نِسَاءِ رَعِيَّتِهِ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ إِذَا أَحَبَّ ذَلِكَ
"I came to the Prophet with some other Ansari women to give our pledge. We said: 'O Messenger of Allah, we give you our pledge that we will not associate anything with Allah, we will not steal, we will not have unlawful sexual relations, we will not utter slander, fabricating from between our hands and feet, and we will not disobey you in goodness.' He said: 'As much as you can and are able.' We said: 'Allah and His Messenger are more merciful toward us. Com, let us give you our pledge, O Messenger of Allah! The Messenger of Allah said: 'I do not shake hands with women. Rather my word to a hundred women is like my word to one woman."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4181)
أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي نِسْوَةٍ يُبَايِعْنَهُ فَقُلْنَ نُبَايِعُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نُشْرِكَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا نَسْرِقَ وَلَا نَزْنِيَ وَلَا نَقْتُلَ أَوْلَادَنَا وَلَا نَأْتِيَ بِبُهْتَانٍ نَفْتَرِيهِ بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَأَرْجُلِنَا وَلَا نَعْصِيَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُنَّ وَأَطَقْتُنَّ» قَالَتْ فَقُلْتُ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَرْحَمُ بِنَا مِنْ أَنْفُسِنَا هَلُمَّ نُبَايِعُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي لَا أُصَافِحُ النِّسَاءَ إِنَّمَا قَوْلِي لِمِائَةِ امْرَأَةٍ كَقَوْلِي لِامْرَأَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَوْ مِثْلَ قَوْلِي لِامْرَأَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ»
ذِكْرُ الْأَسْبَابِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ بَيْعَةُ النِّسَاءِ عَلَى الْمُصْطَفَى ﷺ بِهَا
[Machine] Fatimah bint Uthbah ibn Rabi'ah came to give allegiance to the Prophet ﷺ . He advised her with the words: "{do not steal nor commit adultery}". She placed her hand on her head bashfully, which pleased the Prophet ﷺ . Aisha said to her, "Read, O woman! By Allah, we never gave allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ except with this condition." So he accepted her allegiance with this verse.
جَاءَتْ فَاطِمَةُ بِنْتُ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ تَبَايَعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَخَذَ عَلَيْهَا أَنْ «{لَا يَسْرِقْنَ وَلَا يَزْنِينَ} » الْآيَةُ قَالَتْ فَوَضَعَتْ يَدَهَا عَلَى رَأْسِهَا حَيَاءً فَأَعْجَبَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ مَا رَأَى مِنْهَا فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ قَرِّي أَيَّتُهَا الْمَرْأَةُ فَوَاللَّهِ مَا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَّا عَلَى هَذَا فَبَايَعَهَا بِالْآيَةِ
ذِكْرُ الْإِخْبَارِ عَمَّا يَجِبُ عَلَى الْمَرْءِ عِنْدَ بَيْعَةِ الْأُمَرَاءِ وَالْخُلَفَاءِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The Children of Israel were ruled by prophets. Whenever a prophet died, another prophet would succeed him. There will be no prophet after me." A man asked, "What will happen after you, O Messenger of Allah?" He replied, "There will be caliphs after me, and they will be many." The man then asked, "How should we obey them, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "Give them your pledge of allegiance one after another and give them what is their right, for indeed Allah will ask them about what He has entrusted to you."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنَّ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ كَانَتْ تَسُوسُهُمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ كُلَّمَا مَاتَ نَبِيٌّ قَامَ نَبِيٌّ وَأَنَّهُ لَيْسَ بَعْدِي نَبِيٌّ» فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مَا يَكُونُ بَعْدَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ « خُلَفَاءُ وَيَكْثُرُونَ» قَالَ فَكَيْفَ تَأْمُرُنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ «أَدُّوا بَيْعَةَ الْأَوَّلِ فَالْأَوَّلِ وَأَدُّوا إِلَيْهِمْ مَا لَهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَائِلُهُمْ عَنِ الَّذِي لَكُمْ»