[Machine] "The Prophet ﷺ said that the people are followers of the Quraysh in this matter. Their Muslim is a follower of his fellow Muslim, and their disbeliever is a follower of his fellow disbeliever."  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ النَّاسُ تَبَعٌ لِقُرَيْشٍ فِي هَذَا الشَّأْنِ مُسْلِمُهُمْ تَبَعٌ لِمُسْلِمِهِمْ وَكَافِرُهُمْ تَبَعٌ لِكَافِرِهِمْ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ said, "As long as there are two people left in Quraish, this matter (Islam) will continue." And in another narration by Ad-Darimi, "As long as there are two people remaining among the people."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ لَا يَزَالُ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ مَا كَانَ فِي النَّاسِ اثْنَيْنِ وَفِي رِوَايَة الدَّارِمِيِّ مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ النَّاسِ اثْنَانِ  

That while he was with a delegation from Quraish to Muawiya, the latter heard the news that ʿAbdullah bin ʿAmr bin Al-ʿAs said that there would be a king from the tribe of Qahtan. On that Muawiya became angry, got up and then praised Allah as He deserved, and said, "Now then, I have heard that some men amongst you narrate things which are neither in the Holy Book, nor have been told by Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Those men are the ignorant amongst you. Beware of such hopes as make the people go astray, for I heard Messenger of Allah ﷺ saying, 'Authority of ruling will remain with Quraish, and whoever bears hostility to them, Allah will destroy him as long as they abide by the laws of the religion.' " (Using translation from Bukhārī 3500)   

أَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ مَلِكٌ مِنْ قَحْطَانَ فَغَضِبَ مُعَاوِيَةُ فَقَامَ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنَّهُ بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رِجَالًا مِنْكُمْ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ أَحَادِيثَ لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ وَلَا تُؤْثَرُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ أُولَئِك جُهَّالُكُمْ إِيَّاكُمْ وَالْأَمَانِيَّ الَّتِي تُضِلُّ أَهْلَهَا فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ إِنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ لَا يُعَادِيهِمْ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا كَبَّهُ اللهُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ مَا أَقَامُوا الدِّينَ  

[Machine] It is reported that the Ansar went against us and gathered with their families in the Saqifah of Bani Sa'ida. Ali and Zubair also went against us and those who were with them. The Muhajireen gathered with Abu Bakr. So I said to Abu Bakr, "O Abu Bakr, come with us to our brothers from the Ansar." So we departed with the intention of meeting them. When we approached them, we met two righteous men from among them. They mentioned what the people had been saying about them. We told them that we wanted our brothers from the Ansar. They said to us, "It is not upon you to come near them. Deal with your own affairs." So I said, "By Allah, we will approach them." So we went until we reached them in the Saqifah of Bani Sa'ida. There, we saw a man wrapped in a garment between them. I asked, "Who is this?" They said, "This is Sa'ad bin Ubadah." I asked, "What is wrong with him?" They said, "He is sick." When we sat for a while, their speaker praised Allah and then mentioned their status. He said, "We are the Ansar of Allah and the battalion of Islam, and you are the Muhajireen. We are a group from us and there is a remnant from your people who have opposed us, trying to diminish our status and take the authority from us." Then when he remained silent, I intended to speak and I had prepared a speech that I found impressive, which I wanted to present to Abu Bakr. I even faked my speech in front of him, but I avoided mentioning the matter. Then Abu Bakr said, "Speak upon your mission." I hated that he said that and I feared becoming angry and that he would speak before me. Abu Bakr was more patient and respectful. By Allah, he did not leave any word that I found impressive in my false speech except that he said something similar or better than it. Until he remained silent. I said, "You have mentioned nothing but good, and you are deserving of it. We would not have known of this matter if it were not for this noble person from the Quraysh, who are the middle of the Arabs in lineage, wealth, and status. I am pleased with one of these two men, so pledge to either of them as you wish." I extended my hand, and Abu Bakr extended his hand, as did Abu Ubaydah bin Jarrah, who was sitting between us. I would not have disliked anything he said except that it was not in favor of me, apart from this, by Allah, even if he had slapped my neck, I would not have been closer to committing a sin than I am now. I prefer it to commanding a people in whom Abu Bakr is not their leader, O Allah, unless you make my soul understand at the time of my death something that I do not understand now." Then a speaker among the Ansar said, "I am their representative, Al-Muhakkak, and their spokesperson, Al-Murajjab. From us is an Amir and from you is an Amir, O people of Quraish." The noise increased and the voices raised until I feared disagreement. So I said, "Extend your hand, O Abu Bakr." So Abu Bakr extended his hand and I pledged allegiance to him. The Muhajireen pledged allegiance to him, and then the Ansar pledged allegiance to him.  

أَنَّ الْأَنْصَارَ خَالَفُونَا وَاجْتَمَعُوا بِأَسْرِهِمْ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ وَخَالَفَ عَنَّا عَلِيٌّ وَالزُّبَيْرُ وَمَن مَعَهُمَا وَاجْتَمَعَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقُلْتُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إِلَى إِخْوَانِنَا هَؤُلَاءِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَانْطَلَقْنَا نُرِيدُهُمْ فَلَمَّا دَنَوْنَا مِنْهُمْ لَقِيَنَا مِنْهُمْ رَجُلَانِ صَالِحَانِ فَذَكَرَا مَا تَمَالَأَ عَلَيْهِ الْقَوْمُ فَقَالَا أَيْنَ تُرِيدُونَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ؟ فَقُلْنَا نُرِيدُ إِخْوَانَنَا هَؤُلَاءِ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَقَالَا لَا عَلَيْكُمْ أَنْ لَا تَقْرَبُوهُمُ اقْضُوا أَمَرَكُمْ فقُلْتُ وَاللهِ لَنَأْتِيَنَّهُمْ فَانْطَلَقْنَا حَتَّى أَتَيْنَاهُمْ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَإِذَا رَجُلٌ مُزَمَّلٌ بَيْنَ ظَهْرَانَيْهِمْ فَقُلْتُ مَنْ هَذَا؟ قَالُوا سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ فَقُلْتُ مَا لَهُ؟ قَالُوا يُوعَكُ فَلَمَّا جَلَسْنَا قَلِيلًا تَشَهَّدَ خَطِيبُهُمْ فَأَثْنَى عَلَى اللهِ بِمَا هُوَ أَهْلُهُ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَنَحْنُ أَنْصَارُ اللهِ وَكَتِيبَةُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَنْتُمْ مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ رَهْطٌ مِنَّا وَقَدْ دَفَّتْ دَافَّةٌ مِنْ قَوْمِكُمْ فَإِذَا هُمْ يُرِيدُونَ أَنْ يَخْتَزِلُونَا مِنْ أَصْلِنَا وَأَن يَحْضُنُونَا مِنَ الْأَمْرِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا سَكَتَ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ وَكُنْتُ زَوَّرْتُ مَقَالَةً أَعْجَبَتْنِي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أُقَدِّمَهَا بَيْنَ يَدَيْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَكُنْتُ أُدَارِئُ عَنْهُ بَعْضَ الْحَدِّ فَلَمَّا أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أَتَكَلَّمَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَكَرِهْتُ أَنْ أُغْضِبَهُ فَتَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَانَ هُوَ أَحْلَمَ مِنِّي وَأَوْقَرَ وَاللهِ مَا تَرَكَ مِنْ كَلِمَةٍ أَعْجَبَتْنِي فِي تَزْوِيرِي إِلَّا قَالَ فِي بَدِيهَتِهِ مِثْلَهَا أَوْ أَفْضَلَ مِنْهَا حَتَّى سَكَتَ قَالَ مَا ذَكَرْتُمْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ فَأَنْتُمْ لَهُ أَهْلٌ وَلَنْ نَعْرِفَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَّا لِهَذَا الْحَيِّ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ نَسَبًا وَدَارًا وَقَدْرًا وَقَدْ رَضِيتُ لَكُمْ أَحَدَ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ فَبَايِعُوا أَيَّهُمَا شِئْتُمْ وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِي وَبِيَدِ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْجَرَّاحِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ بَيْنَنَا فَلَمْ أَكْرَهْ مِمَّا قَالَ غَيْرَهَا كَانَ وَاللهِ أَنْ أُقَدَّمَ فَتُضْرَبَ عُنُقِي لَا يُقَرِّبُنِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ إِثْمٍ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْ أَنْ أَتَأَمَّرَ عَلَى قَوْمٍ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ اللهُمَّ إِلَّا أَنْ تُسَوِّلَ لِي نَفْسِي عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ شَيْئًا لَا أَجِدُهُ الْآنَ فَقَالَ قَائِلُ الْأَنْصَارِ أَنَا جُذَيْلُهَا الْمُحَكَّكُ وَعُذَيْقُهَا الْمُرَجَّبُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ يَا مَعْشَرَ قُرَيْشٍ وَكَثُرَ اللَّغَطُ وَارْتَفَعَتِ الْأَصْوَاتُ حَتَّى فَرِقْتُ مِنْ أَنْ يَقَعَ اخْتِلَافٌ فَقُلْتُ ابْسُطْ يَدَكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَبَسَطَ يَدَهُ فَبَايَعْتُهُ وَبَايَعَهُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ ثُمَّ بَايَعَتْهُ الْأَنْصَارُ  

(the wife of the Prophet) Messenger of Allah ﷺ died while Abu Bakr was at a place called As-Sunah (Al-'Aliya) 'Umar stood up and said, "By Allah! Messenger of Allah ﷺ is not dead!" 'Umar (later on) said, "By Allah! Nothing occurred to my mind except that." He said, "Verily! Allah will resurrect him and he will cut the hands and legs of some men." Then Abu Bakr came and uncovered the face of Messenger of Allah ﷺ, kissed him and said, "Let my mother and father be sacrificed for you, (O Messenger of Allah ﷺ), you are good in life and in death. By Allah in Whose Hands my life is, Allah will never make you taste death twice." Then he went out and said, "O oath-taker! Don't be hasty." When Abu Bakr spoke, 'Umar sat down. Abu Bakr praised and glorified Allah and said, No doubt! Whoever worshipped Muhammad, then Muhammad is dead, but whoever worshipped Allah, then Allah is Alive and shall never die." Then he recited Allah's Statement.:-- "(O Muhammad) Verily you will die, and they also will die." (39.30) He also recited:-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle; and indeed many Apostles have passed away, before him, If he dies Or is killed, will you then Turn back on your heels? And he who turns back On his heels, not the least Harm will he do to Allah And Allah will give reward to those Who are grateful." (3.144) The people wept loudly, and the Ansar were assembled with Sad bin 'Ubada in the shed of Bani Saida. They said (to the emigrants). "There should be one 'Amir from us and one from you." Then Abu Bakr, Umar bin Al-Khattab and Abu 'baida bin Al-Jarrah went to them. 'Umar wanted to speak but Abu Bakr stopped him. 'Umar later on used to say, "By Allah, I intended only to say something that appealed to me and I was afraid that Abu Bakr would not speak so well. Then Abu Bakr spoke and his speech was very eloquent. He said in his statement, "We are the rulers and you (Ansars) are the ministers (i.e. advisers)," Hubab bin Al-Mundhir said, "No, by Allah we won't accept this. But there must be a ruler from us and a ruler from you." Abu Bakr said, "No, we will be the rulers and you will be the ministers, for they (i.e. Quarish) are the best family amongst the 'Arabs and of best origin. So you should elect either 'Umar or Abu 'Ubaida bin Al-Jarrah as your ruler." 'Umar said (to Abu Bakr), "No but we elect you, for you are our chief and the best amongst us and the most beloved of all of us to Messenger of Allah ﷺ." So 'Umar took Abu Bakr's hand and gave the pledge of allegiance and the people too gave the pledge of allegiance to Abu Bakr. Someone said, "You have killed Sad bin Ubada." 'Umar said, "Allah has killed him." (Using translation from Bukhārī 3667)   

ﷺ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ مَاتَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ بِالسُّنْحِ فَقَامَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ وَاللهِ مَا مَاتَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ وَاللهِ مَا كَانَ يَقَعُ فِي نَفْسِي إِلَّا ذَاكَ وَلَيَبْعَثَنَّهُ اللهُ ﷻ فَيَقْطَعَنَّ أَيْدِيَ رِجَالٍ وَأَرْجُلَهُمْ فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَبَّلَهُ وَقَالَ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي طِبْتَ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يُذِيقُكَ اللهُ ﷻ الْمَوْتَتَيْنِ أَبَدًا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ أَيُّهَا الْحَالِفُ عَلَى رِسْلِكَ فَلَمَّا تَكَلَّمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ جَلَسَ عُمَرُ ؓ فَحَمِدَ اللهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ مَنْ كَانَ يَعْبُدُ مُحَمَّدًا فَإِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ مَاتَ وَمَن كَانَ يَعْبُدُ اللهَ ﷻ فَإِنَّ اللهَ حَيُّ لَا يَمُوتُ وَقَالَ {إِنَّكَ مَيِّتٌ وَإِنَّهُمْ مَيِّتُونَ} [الزمر 30] وَقَالَ {وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ أَفَإِنْ مَاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ انْقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَى أَعْقَابِكُمْ وَمَنْ يَنْقَلِبْ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ} [آل عمران 144] الْآيَةَ كُلَّهَا فَنَشَجَ النَّاسُ يَبْكُونَ وَاجْتَمَعَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ إِلَى سَعْدِ بْنِ عُبَادَةَ ؓ فِي سَقِيفَةِ بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ فَقَالُوا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَذَهَبَ إِلَيْهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ بْنُ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ فَذَهَبَ عُمَرُ يَتَكَلَّمُ فَأَسْكَتَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَكَانَ عُمَرُ ؓ يَقُولُ وَاللهِ مَا أَرَدْتُ بِذَاكَ إِلَّا أَنِّي قَدْ هَيَّأْتُ كَلَامًا قَدْ أَعْجَبَنِي خَشِيتُ أَنْ لَا يَبْلُغَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَتَكَلَّمَ وَأَبْلَغَ فَقَالَ فِي كَلَامِهِ نَحْنُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ قَالَ الْحُبَابُ بْنُ الْمُنْذِرِ لَا وَاللهِ لَا نَفْعَلُ أَبَدًا مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ لَا وَلَكِنَّا الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ هُمْ أَوْسَطُ الْعَرَبِ دَارًا وَأَعْرَبُهُمْ أَحْسَابًا فَبَايِعُوا عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ أَوْ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بْنَ الْجَرَّاحِ ؓ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بَلْ نُبَايِعُكَ أَنْتَ خَيْرُنَا وَسَيِّدُنَا وَأَحَبُّ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَخَذَ عُمَرُ بِيَدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ فَقَالَ قَائِلٌ قَتَلْتُمْ سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ قَتَلَهُ اللهُ  

[Machine] "Indeed, this matter concerning the Quraysh, they did not obey Allah and did not remain steadfast on His command. It has reached you or you have heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: 'And do not dispute and [thus] lose courage and [then] your strength would depart; and be patient. Indeed, Allah is with the patient.' (Surah Al-Anfal, verse 46). So, we are the leaders and you are the ministers, our brothers in religion and our supporters in it. In the sermon of Umar after him, I reminded you by Allah, O assembly of the Ansar, did you not hear the Messenger of Allah ﷺ or someone among you heard him say: 'The rulers from Quraysh, they did not obey Allah and did not remain steadfast on His command?' So, whoever among the Ansar said: yes, now we have remembered. He said: 'We do not seek this matter except for this (unity in religion). So, do not let desires deceive you, for there is no path after the truth except misguidance. So how will you act?'"  

وَإِنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ فِي قُرَيْشٍ مَا أَطَاعُوا اللهَ وَاسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى أَمْرِهِ قَدْ بَلَغَكُمْ ذَلِكَ أَوْ سَمِعْتُمُوهُ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ {وَلَا تَنَازَعُوا فَتَفْشَلُوا وَتَذْهَبَ رِيحُكُمْ وَاصْبِرُوا إِنَّ اللهَ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ} [الأنفال 46] فَنَحْنُ الْأُمَرَاءُ وَأَنْتُمُ الْوُزَرَاءُ إِخْوَانُنَا فِي الدِّينِ وَأَنْصَارُنَا عَلَيْهِ وَفِي خُطْبَةِ عُمَرَ ؓ بَعْدَهُ نَشَدْتُكُمْ بِاللهِ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَلَمْ تَسْمَعُوا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَوْ مَنْ سَمِعَهُ مِنْكُمْ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ الْوُلَاةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ مَا أَطَاعُوا اللهَ وَاسْتَقَامُوا عَلَى أَمْرِهِ ؟ فَقَالَ مَنْ قَالَ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ بَلَى الْآنَ ذَكَرْنَا قَالَ فَإِنَّا لَا نَطْلُبُ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ إِلَّا لِهَذَا فَلَا تَسْتَهْوِيَنَّكُمُ الْأَهْوَاءُ فَلَيْسَ بَعْدَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا الضَّلَالُ فَأَنَّي تُصْرَفُونَ  

[Machine] When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed away, the Ansar (the residents of Madinah) appointed their speakers, and one man among them said, "O community of Muhajireen (the migrants)! Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ used to appoint a man from among you and pair him with a man from us (the Ansar) whenever he assigned a task. So we see that there should be two men to oversee this matter, one from among you and the other from among us." The speakers of the Ansar continued to discuss this matter, and then Zaid ibn Thabit stood up and said, "Indeed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ belonged to the Muhajireen, and surely the Imam should be from the Muhajireen, and we are his Ansar, just as we were the Ansar of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Then Abu Bakr stood up and said, "May Allah reward you all, O community of the Ansar, and establish the statement of your spokesperson. Then he said, "If you had done otherwise, we would not have benefited you. Then Zaid ibn Thabit took the hand of Abu Bakr and said, "This is your companion, so pledge allegiance to him. Then they set out." When Abu Bakr sat on the pulpit, he looked at the faces of the people but did not see Ali, so he asked about him. Then some people from the Ansar stood up and brought him. Abu Bakr said, "O Muhammad ibn Ali! Did you intend to split the Muslim community?" Ali answered, "No reproach, O successor of the Messenger of Allah. We pledge allegiance to him." 16539 Abu al-Hasan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Ali al-Hafiz al-Isfira'ini narrated that Abu Ali al-Husayn ibn Ali al-Hafiz informed us, who narrated that Bundar ibn Bashshar informed him, who narrated from Abu Hisham al-Makhzumi, who narrated from Wahib, who mentioned it in a similar manner. Abu Ali al-Hafiz said, "I heard Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Khuzaymah saying, 'Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj came to me and asked me about this hadith, so I wrote it for him on a piece of parchment and recited it to him. He said, 'Doesn't this hadith equate a carcass with the Battle of Badr?' I said, 'No, rather it equates Badr with a carcass.'"  

لَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَامَ خُطَبَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْهُمْ يَقُولُ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ إِذَا اسْتَعْمَلَ رَجُلًا مِنْكُمْ قَرَنَ مَعَهُ رَجُلًا مِنَّا فَنَرَى أَنْ يَلِيَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ رَجُلَانِ أَحَدُهُمَا مِنْكُمْ وَالْآخَرُ مِنَّا قَالَ فَتَتَابَعَتْ خُطَبَاءُ الْأَنْصَارِ عَلَى ذَلِكَ فَقَامَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ ؓ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَإِنَّ الْإِمَامَ يَكُونُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَنَحْنُ أَنْصَارُهُ كَمَا كُنَّا أَنْصَارَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَامَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقَالَ جَزَاكُمُ اللهُ خَيْرًا يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ وَثَبَّتَ قَائِلَكُمْ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَمَا لَوْ فَعَلْتُمْ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ لَمَا صَالَحْنَاكُمْ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ زَيْدُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ بِيَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَقَالَ هَذَا صَاحِبُكُمْ فَبَايَعُوهُ ثُمَّ انْطَلَقُوا فَلَمَّا قَعَدَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ نَظَرَ فِي وُجُوهِ الْقَوْمِ فَلَمْ يَرَ عَلِيًّا ؓ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ فَقَامَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَأَتَوْا بِهِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ ابْنَ عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَخَتَنَهُ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشُقَّ عَصَا الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَقَالَ لَا تَثْرِيبَ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ فبايعه ثُمَّ لَمْ يَرَ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ ؓ فَسَأَلَ عَنْهُ حَتَّى جَاءُوا بِهِ فَقَالَ ابْنَ عَمَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَحَوَارِيَّهُ أَرَدْتَ أَنْ تَشُقَّ عَصَا الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَقَالَ مِثْلَ قَوْلِهِ لَا تَثْرِيبَ يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهُ فَبَايَعَاهُ 16539 أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ الْإِسْفِرَائِينِيُّ ثَنَا أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ وَإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَالَا ثَنَا بُنْدَارُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ثَنَا أَبُو هِشَامٍ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ ثَنَا وُهَيْبٌ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ قَالَ أَبُو عَلِيٍّ الْحَافِظُ سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ خُزَيْمَةَ يَقُولُ جَاءَنِي مُسْلِمُ بْنُ الْحَجَّاجِ فَسَأَلَنِي عَنْ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَكَتَبْتُهُ لَهُ فِي رُقْعَةٍ وَقَرَأْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ هَذَا حَدِيثٌ يَسْوِي بَدَنَةً فَقُلْتُ يَسْوِي بَدَنَةً؟ بَلْ هُوَ يَسْوِي بَدْرَةً  

[Machine] "That the Prophet ﷺ said, 'The Imams are from the Quraysh.'"  

أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ قَالَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered upon us while we were in a house with a group of Muhajireen (immigrants). He said, "Each one of us should make room for him, hoping that he would sit next to him." So he stood at the doorway of the house and said, "The leaders from the Quraish have a great right upon you, and they have done three things: they have been generous, showed mercy, and made just decisions. They have fulfilled their commitments and covenants. Whoever does not do these things from among them, then upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people." That is how it is."  

دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ فِي بَيْتٍ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ كُلُّ رَجُلٍ مِنَّا يُوَسِّعُ لَهُ يَرْجُو أَنْ يَجْلِسَ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ فَقَامَ عَلَى بَابِ الْبَيْتِ فَقَالَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَلِي عَلَيْكُمْ حَقٌّ عَظِيمٌ وَلَهُمْ مِثْلُهُم مَا فَعَلُوا ثَلَاثًا إِذَا اسْتُرْحِمُوا وَرَحَمُوا وَحَكَمُوا فَعَدَلُوا وَعَاهَدُوا فَوَفَوْا فَمَنْ لَمْ يَفْعَلْ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُمْ فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ وَكَذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "The leaders from the Quraysh, when they judge, they are just, and when they make a covenant, they fulfill it, and when they are entrusted with something, they keep it safe." It was also narrated by Musa Al-Juhani from Mansur, who heard Anas from the Prophet ﷺ with the same meaning. Abu Zakariyya Ibn Abi Ishaq informed us that Abu Abdullah Muhammad Ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, who was informed by Muhammad Ibn Abdul Wahhab, who was informed by Ja'far Ibn Awn, who was informed by Musa Al-Juhani, who mentioned it.  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ الْأَئِمَّةُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إِذَا مَا حَكَمُوا فَعَدَلُوا وَإِذَا عَاهَدُوا وَفَوْا وَإِذَا اسْتُرْحِمُوا رَحِمُوا 16543 وَرَوَاهُ أَيْضًا مُوسَى الْجُهَنِيُّ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَمَّنْ سَمِعَ أَنَسًا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ بِمَعْنَاهُ أَخْبَرَنَاهُ أَبُو زَكَرِيَّا بْنُ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْوَهَّابِ أَنْبَأَ جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ أَنْبَأَ مُوسَى الْجُهَنِيُّ فَذَكَرَهُ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The rulers from the Quraysh say three things: 'I have rights over you, and you have rights over me, based on what they have done for you in three areas: they do not show mercy when they are merciful, they are not just when they divide, and they are not fair when they judge."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْأُمَرَاءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يَقُولُهَا ثَلَاثًا أَلَا وَلِي عَلَيْكُمْ حَقٌّ وَلَهُمْ عَلَيْكُمْ حَقٌّ مَا عَمِلُوا فِيكُمْ بِثَلَاثٍ مَا رَحِمُوا إِذَا اسْتُرْحِمُوا وَمَا أَقْسَطُوا إِذَا قَسَمُوا وَمَا عَدَلُوا إِذَا حَكَمُوا  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "The rulers from the Quraysh, the rulers from the Quraysh, the rulers from the Quraysh, they have rights over you and you have rights over them. There are three things that if they do with you, you should show them mercy, be just when they divide among you, and act with fairness when they judge."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْأُمَرَاءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ الْأُمَرَاءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ الْأُمَرَاءُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ وَلِي عَلَيْهِمْ حَقٌّ وَلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ حَقٌّ مَا عَمِلُوا فِيكُمْ بِثَلَاثٍ مَا إِذَا اسْتُرْحِمُوا رَحِمُوا وَأَقْسَطُوا إِذَا قَسَمُوا وَعَدَلُوا إِذَا حَكَمُوا  

[Machine] That the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to the Quraysh, "You are the most deserving people of this matter until you deviate from it, then you will be humiliated, just as this newspaper points to a newspaper in his hand."  

أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ لِقُرَيْشٍ أَنْتُمْ أَوْلَى النَّاسِ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مَا كُنْتُمْ مَعَ الْحَقِّ إِلَّا أَنْ تَعْدِلُوا عَنْهُ فَتُلْحَوْنَ كَمَا تُلْحَى هَذِهِ الْجَرِيدَةُ يُشِيرُ إِلَى جَرِيدَةٍ بِيَدِهِ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "If two caliphs are appointed, then kill the latter of the two."  

قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا بُويِعَ لِخَلِيفَتَيْنِ فَاقْتُلُوا الْآخِرَ مِنْهُمَا  

[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ : The children of Israel were ruled by their prophets. Whenever a prophet passed away, another prophet would succeed him. But there will be no prophet after me, and there will be many successors. They asked, "What do you command us to do?" He said, "Give them the bay'ah (pledge of allegiance) one after another, and fulfill their rights. Verily, Allah will question them about how they looked after their subjects."  

عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ كَانَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ تَسُوسُهُمُ الْأَنْبِيَاءُ كُلَّمَا هَلَكَ نَبِيٌّ خَلَفَهُ نَبِيٌّ وَإِنَّهُ لَا نَبِيَّ بَعْدِي وَسَتَكُونُ خُلَفَاءُ يَكْثُرُونَ قَالُوا فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ فُوا بَيْعَةَ الْأَوَّلِ فَالْأَوَّلِ وَأَعْطُوهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ فَإِنَّ اللهَ سَائِلُهُمْ عَمَّنِ اسْتَرْعَاهُمْ  

[Machine] Abu Bakr was with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when someone said to him, "O companion of the Messenger of Allah, the Messenger of Allah has passed away?" He replied, "Yes, he has. So you should know that just as he said, 'Abu Bakr (will lead you).' Then Abu Bakr went apart from you to attend to the washing of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for his death. Then the Muhajirun gathered together and consulted each other. While they were in that consultation, they said, 'Let us go to our brothers from the Ansar, for they have a share in this matter'. So they went and approached the Ansar, and one of the Ansar said, 'There is one person among us and one person among you.' 'Umar bin al-Khattab took Abu Bakr's hand and said, 'Who is he who has this (verse), "When they both were in the Cave"? (9:40) Who is his companion, "When he said to his companion"? (9:40) Who is the one with him, "Do not grieve; indeed Allah is with us"? (9:40) Then 'Umar extended the hand of Abu Bakr and said, 'People, pledge allegiance to him.' So the people pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr, the best and most beautiful pledge of allegiance."  

أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقِيلَ لَهُ يَا صَاحِبَ رَسُولِ اللهِ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ نَعَمْ فَعَلِمُوا أَنَّهُ كَمَا قَالَ ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ دُونَكُمْ صَاحِبَكُمْ لِبَنِي عَمِّ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَعْنِي فِي غُسْلِهِ يَكُونُ أَمْرُهُ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَاجْتَمَعَ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ يَتَشَاوَرُونَ فَبَيْنَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ يَتَشَاوَرُونَ إِذْ قَالُوا انْطَلِقُوا بِنَا إِلَى إِخْوَانِنَا مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ فَإِنَّ لَهُمْ فِي هَذَا الْحَقِّ نَصِيبًا فَانْطَلَقُوا فَأَتَوُا الْأَنْصَارَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْأَنْصَارِ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ وَمِنْكُمْ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ سَيْفَانِ فِي غِمْدٍ وَاحِدٍ إِذًا لَا يَصْطَلِحَا فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَقَالَ مَنْ هَذَا الَّذِي لَهُ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثُ {إِذْ هُمَا فِي الْغَارِ} [التوبة 40] مَنْ هُمَا؟ {إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ} [التوبة 40] مَنْ صَاحِبُهُ؟ {لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللهَ مَعَنَا} [التوبة 40] مَعَ مَنْ هُوَ؟ فَبَسَطَ عُمَرُ يَدَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقَالَ بَايَعُوهُ فَبَايَعَ النَّاسُ أَحْسَنَ بَيْعَةٍ وَأَجْمَلَهَا  

[Machine] "And Abu Bakr said in his sermon on that day, 'Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz informed us, who narrated from Abu Al-Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub, who narrated from Ahmad ibn Abd Al-Jabbār, who narrated from Yunus ibn Bukayr, who narrated from Ibn Ishaq in his sermon on that day. He said, 'It is not permissible for Muslims to have two leaders, for even if that were to happen, their affairs and rulings would differ, their groups would separate, and they would dispute amongst themselves. In that situation, the Sunnah would be neglected, innovations would appear, and unrest would increase. And no one will benefit from it.'"  

وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي خُطْبَتِهِ يَوْمَئِذٍ مَا أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ ثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْجَبَّارِ ثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ فِي خُطْبَةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ يَوْمَئِذٍ قَالَ وَإِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمِيرَانِ فَإِنَّهُ مَهْمَا يَكُنْ ذَلِكَ يَخْتَلِفْ أَمَرُهُمْ وَأَحْكَامُهُمْ وَتَتَفَرَّقُ جَمَاعَتُهُمْ وَيَتَنَازَعُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ هُنَالِكَ تُتْرَكُ السُّنَّةُ وَتَظْهَرُ الْبِدْعَةُ وَتَعْظُمُ الْفِتْنَةُ وَلَيْسَ لِأَحَدٍ عَلَى ذَلِكَ صَلَاحٌ  

[Machine] "We pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to listen and obey in times of ease and hardship, willingly and unwillingly, and to not dispute the matter with its rightful people, and to stand up or speak the truth wherever we may be, not fearing the blame of any blamer."  

بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَالْمَنْشَطِ وَالْمَكْرَهِ وَأَنْ لَا نُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ وَأَنْ نَقُومَ أَوْ نَقُولَ بِالْحَقِّ حَيْثُ مَا كُنَّا لَا نَخَافُ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ  

We called upon 'Ubada b. Samit who was ill and said to him: May God give you health I Narrate to us a tradition which God may prove beneficial (to us) and which you have heard from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called us and we took the oath of allegiance to him. Among the injunctions he made binding upon us was: Listening and obedience (to the Amir) in our pleasure and displeasure, in our adversity and prosperity, even when somebody is given preference over us, and without disputing the delegation of powers to a man duly invested with them (Obedience shall be accorded to him in all circumstances) except when you have clear signs of his disbelief in (or disobedience to) God-signs that could be used as a conscientious justification (for non-compliance with his orders). (Using translation from Muslim 1709h)   

دَعَانَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَبَايَعْنَا وَأَخَذَ عَلَيْنَا السَّمْعَ وَالطَّاعَةَ فِي مَنْشَطِنَا وَمَكْرَهِنَا وَعُسْرِنَا وَيُسْرِنَا وَأَثَرَةً عَلَيْنَا وَأَنْ لَا نُنَازِعَ الْأَمْرَ أَهْلَهُ قَالَ إِلَّا أَنْ تَرَوْا كُفْرًا بَوَاحًا عِنْدَكُمْ مِنَ اللهِ فِيهِ بُرْهَانٌ أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ وَهْبٍ  

[Machine] When we used to pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding listening and obeying, he would say to us, "Do as much as you are able to do."  

كُنَّا إِذَا بَايَعْنَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ يَقُولُ لَنَا فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ  

[Machine] "From Jarir, I pledge allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ upon hearing and obeying. He advised me in whatever I was able to comprehend, and to give sincere advice to every Muslim."  

عَنْ جَرِيرٍ بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فَلَقَّنَنِي فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتَ وَالنُّصْحَ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Makkah for ten years, observing people in their homes in 'Ukaz and Majanna, and during the season in Mina. He would ask, "Who will shelter and support me? Who will help me until I deliver the message of my Lord and be granted paradise?" We asked, "Until when will we leave the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to be expelled in the mountains of Makkah and be in fear?" So seventy of us set out to meet him until we reached him during the season. We pledged allegiance to him at the Tree of 'Aqaba, and we gathered around him, numbering one or two men each. We asked, "O Messenger of Allah, what do you require from us?" He said, "You pledge allegiance to me upon hearing, obeying, being active and not lazy, spending in times of difficulty and ease, enjoining good and forbidding evil, not fearing any blame for the sake of Allah, supporting me when I come to you, and refraining from that which you refrain from for yourselves, your wives, and your children. Paradise will be yours." So we pledged allegiance to him.  

مَكَثَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ عَشْرَ سِنِينَ يَتَتَبَّعُ النَّاسَ فِي مَنَازِلِهِمْ بِعُكَاظَ وَمَجَنَّةَ وَفِي الْمَوْسِمِ بِمِنًى يَقُولُ مَنْ يُؤْوِينِي مَنْ يَنْصُرُنِي حَتَّى أُبَلِّغَ رِسَالَةَ رَبِّي وَلَهُ الْجَنَّةُ؟ قَالَ فَقُلْنَا حَتَّى مَتَى نَتْرُكُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يُطْرَدُ فِي جِبَالِ مَكَّةَ وَيَخَافُ؟ فَرَحَلَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَّا سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا عَلَيْهِ فِي الْمَوْسِمِ فَوَعَدْنَاهُ شِعْبَ الْعَقَبَةِ فَاجْتَمَعْنَا عِنْدَهُ مِنْ رَجُلٍ وَرَجُلَيْنِ حَتَّى تَوَافَيْنَا فَقُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَى مَا نُبَايِعُكَ؟ قَالَ تُبَايِعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ فِي النَّشَاطِ وَالْكَسَلِ وَالنَّفَقَةِ فِي الْعُسْرِ وَالْيُسْرِ وَعَلَى الْأَمْرِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ وَأَنْ تَقُولُوا فِي اللهِ لَا تَخَافُونَ لَوْمَةَ لَائِمٍ وَعَلَى أَنْ تَنْصُرُونِي إِذَا قَدِمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَتَمْنَعُونِي مِمَّا تَمْنَعُونَ مِنْهُ أَنْفُسَكُمْ وَأَزْوَاجَكُمْ وَأَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَلَكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ فَقُمْنَا إِلَيْهِ فَبَايَعْنَاهُ  

[Machine] The people pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the Day of Hudaybiyah while he was sitting under a tree, and I was holding a branch from its branches. We did not pledge allegiance to him in regards to death, but we pledged allegiance to him that we will not flee.  

بَايَعَ النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ وَهُوَ تَحْتَ الشَّجَرَةِ وَأَنَا رَافِعٌ غُصْنًا مِنْ أَغْصَانِهَا فَلَمْ نُبَايِعْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ وَلَكِنْ بَايَعْنَاهُ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نَفِرَّ  

[Machine] That we should not run away and not pledge allegiance to him, meaning the Prophet ﷺ , even if we face death.  

أَنْ لَا نَفِرَّ وَلَمْ نُبَايِعْهُ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ ﷺ  

[Machine] I pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on the day of Hudaybiyah. Then, I stepped back and the people pledged allegiance to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . He said to me, "Why don't you pledge allegiance?" I said, "I have already pledged allegiance." He said, "Is there anything else?" I said to him, "What exactly did you pledge allegiance to?" He said, "To death." Abu Al-Hasan ibn Abu Al-Ma'roof Al-Faqeeh informed us, Abu Amr ibn Nujayd informed Abu Muslim, who narrated it from Abu Asim in a similar way except that Salamah said, "Then I stepped back and he said, 'O Salamah, why don't you pledge allegiance?' I said, 'I have already pledged allegiance.' He said, 'Come forward and pledge allegiance.' So, I approached and pledged allegiance to him." I said to him, "What did you pledge allegiance to, O Abu Muslim?" He said, "To death."  

بَايَعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ ثُمَّ تَنَحَّيْتُ ثُمَّ بَايَعَ النَّاسُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ لِي أَلَا تُبَايِعُ؟ قُلْتُ قَدْ بَايَعْتُ قَالَ وَزِيَادَةٌ قُلْتُ لَهُ أَيِّ شَيْءٍ بَايَعْتُمْ؟ قَالَ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ 16560 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الْحَسَنِ بْنُ أَبِي الْمَعْرُوفِ الْفَقِيهُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو عَمْرِو بْنُ نُجَيْدٍ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو مُسْلِمٍ ثَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ ثُمَّ تَنَحَّيْتُ فَقَالَ يَا سَلَمَةُ أَلَا تُبَايِعُ؟ قُلْتُ قَدْ بَايَعْتُ قَالَ أَقْبِلْ فَبَايِعْ قَالَ فَدَنَوْتُ فَبَايَعْتُهُ قَالَ قُلْتُ عَلَى مَا بَايَعْتَهُ يَا أَبَا مُسْلِمٍ؟ قَالَ عَلَى الْمَوْتِ  

[Machine] I do not pledge allegiance to anyone after the Messenger of Allah ﷺ . Ahmad told us, narrating from Tammam, from Musa, who mentioned it in a similar way, except that he said: "There is Ibn Hanzalah there."  

لَا أُبَايِعُ عَلَى هَذَا أَحَدًا بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ ثَنَا تَمْتَامٌ ثَنَا مُوسَى فَذَكَرَهُ بِنَحْوِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ هُنَاكَ ابْنُ حَنْظَلَةَ  

[Machine] I saw Abu Bakr while he was giving allegiance to the people after the Messenger of Allah, ﷺ . A group gathered around him, and he said, "Will you pledge allegiance to me for listening and obeying Allah, His Book, and the leader?" They replied, "Yes", and he took their allegiance. I stood by him for a while, and at that time, I was either a youth or slightly older. I learned the condition that he set for the people. Then I approached him and said, starting with praising Allah, "I pledge allegiance to you for listening and obeying Allah, His Book, and the leader." He (Abu Bakr) raised his sight to the sky, then lowered it, and I saw that he was pleased with me. May Allah have mercy on him.  

رَأَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَهُوَ يُبَايِعُ النَّاسَ بَعْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَيَجْتَمِعُ إِلَيْهِ الْعِصَابَةُ فَيَقُولُ تُبَايِعُونِي عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لِلَّهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ ثُمَّ لِلْأَمِيرِ؟ فَيَقُولُونَ نَعَمْ فَيُبَايعُهُمْ فَقُمْتُ عِنْدَهُ سَاعَةً وَأَنَا يَوْمَئِذٍ الْمُحْتَلِمُ أَوْ فَوْقَهُ فَتَعَلَّمْتُ شَرْطَهُ الَّذِي شَرَطَ عَلَى النَّاسِ ثُمَّ أَتَيْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ وَبَدَأْتُهُ قُلْتُ أَنَا أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى السَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لِلَّهِ وَلِكِتَابِهِ ثُمَّ لِلْأَمِيرِ فَصَعَّدَ فِيَّ الْبَصَرَ ثُمَّ صَوَّبَهُ وَرَأَيْتُ أَنِّي أَعْجَبْتُهُ رَحِمَهُ اللهُ  

[Machine] Do I not see you asleep? By Allah, I have not slept much in the past three nights. Get up and call Zubair and Sa'd. I called them for him and he consulted them. Then he called me and said, "Call Ali for me." So I called him, and he whispered to him until dawn approached. Then he got up from there eagerly. Abdur Rahman was afraid of Ali, and then he said, "Call Uthman for me." So he whispered to him for a long time until the morning call to prayer separated them. When the people prayed Fajr and gathered, those companions gathered around the pulpit. Abdur Rahman sent messengers to those immigrants and Ansar who were present, and he sent to the governors. They had already pledged allegiance to Umar along with the Hajj. When they gathered, Abdur Rahman stood and said, "O Ali, I have thought about the matter of the people, and I have not seen them treating Uthman with justice. So do not take any action against yourself." And he took Uthman by the hand and said, "I pledge allegiance to you according to the way of Allah and the way of His Messenger, and the two caliphs after him." Abdur Rahman pledged allegiance to him, and the immigrants, the Ansar, the commanders of the armies, and the Muslims all pledged allegiance to him.  

أَلَا أَرَاكَ نَائِمًا فَوَاللهِ مَا اكْتَحَلْتُ هَذِهِ الثَّلَاثَ بِكَثِيرِ نَوْمٍ انْطَلِقْ فَادْعُ الزُّبَيْرَ وَسَعْدًا فَدَعَوْتُهُمَا لَهُ فَشَاوَرَهُمَا ثُمَّ دَعَانِي فَقَالَ ادْعُ لِي عَلِيًّا فَدَعَوْتُهُ فَنَاجَاهُ حَتَّى ابْهَارَّ اللَّيْلُ ثُمَّ قَامَ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ عَلَى طَمَعٍ وَقَدْ كَانَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَخْشَى مِنْ عَلِيٍّ شَيْئًا ثُمَّ قَالَ ادْعُ لِي عُثْمَانَ فَنَاجَاهُ طَوِيلًا حَتَّى فَرَّقَ بَيْنَهُمَا الْمُؤَذِّنُ بِالصُّبْحِ فَلَمَّا صَلَّى النَّاسُ الصُّبْحَ وَاجْتَمَعَ أُولَئِكَ الرَّهْطُ عِنْدَ الْمِنْبَرِ فَأَرْسَلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ إِلَى مَنْ كَانَ حَاضِرًا مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الْأُمَرَاءِ وَكَانُوا قَدْ وَافَوْا تِلْكَ الْحِجَّةِ مَعَ عُمَرَ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا تَشَهَّدَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَقَالَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ يَا عَلِيُّ فَإِنِّي قَدْ نَظَرْتُ فِي أَمْرِ النَّاسِ فَلَمْ أَرَهُمْ يَعْدِلُونَ بِعُثْمَانَ فَلَا تَجْعَلَنَّ عَلَى نَفْسِكَ سَبِيلًا وَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ عُثْمَانَ وَقَالَ أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى سُنَّةِ اللهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ وَالْخَلِيفَتَيْنِ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ فَبَايَعَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَبَايَعَهُ النَّاسُ الْمُهَاجِرُونَ وَالْأَنْصَارُ وَأُمَرَاءُ الْأَجْنَادِ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ  

[Machine] By listening and obeying according to the way of Allah and the way of His Messenger ﷺ to the best of my ability.  

بِالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ عَلَى سُنَّةِ اللهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُ  

[Machine] When the people gathered around Abd al-Malik, Abdullah ibn Umar wrote to him, "Peace be upon you. After that, I acknowledge my hearing and obedience to Abdullah, the servant of Allah and the commander of the faithful, according to the Sunnah of Allah and the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ as much as I am able. Indeed, my children have also acknowledged the same. Peace be upon you."  

لَمَّا اجْتَمَعَ النَّاسُ عَلَى عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ سَلَّامٌ عَلَيْكَ أَمَّا بَعْدُ فَإِنِّي أُقِرُّ بِالسَّمْعِ وَالطَّاعَةِ لِعَبْدِ اللهِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عَلَى سُنَّةِ اللهِ وَسُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُ وَإِنَّ بَنِيَّ قَدْ أَقَرُّوا بِمِثْلِ ذَلِكَ وَالسَّلَامُ  

[Machine] The Prophet ﷺ used to test women with this verse: "When believing women come to you pledging allegiance to you (O Muhammad) that they will not associate anything with Allah" (Al-Mumtahinah 60:12). Aisha said, "The Messenger of Allah's hand never touched a woman except the hand of a woman whom he owned." In another narration by Ahmad, she said, "The Messenger of Allah used to pledge allegiance to women based on their verbal commitment to this verse: 'that they will not associate anything with Allah' (Al-Mumtahinah 60:12)." She said, "The Messenger of Allah's hand never touched a woman's hand except the hand of a woman whom he owned."  

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَمْتَحِنُ النِّسَاءَ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا} [الممتحنة 12] وَلَا وَلَا قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ وَمَا مَسَّتْ يَدُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ امْرَأَةً قَطُّ إِلَّا امْرَأَةً يَمْلِكُهَا لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ عَلِيٍّ وَفِي رِوَايَةِ أَحْمَدَ قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ يُبَايِعُ النِّسَاءَ بِالْكَلَامِ بِهَذِهِ الْآيَةِ {عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا} [الممتحنة 12] قَالَتْ وَمَا مَسَّتْ يَدُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يَدَ امْرَأَةٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا يَدَ امْرَأَةٍ يَمْلِكُهَا  

“When the believing women emigrated to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, they would be tested in accordance with Allah’s saying: ‘O Prophet! When believing women come to you to give you the pledge...’”[60:12] ‘Aishah said: “Whoever among the believing women affirmed this, passed the test. When they affirmed that, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would say to them: ‘Go, for you have given your pledge.’ No, by Allah! The hand of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ never touched the hand of any woman, rather he accepted their pledge in words only.” ‘Aishah said: “By Allah, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not demand of women (in their pledge) anything other than that which Allah had commanded, and the hand of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ never touched the hand of a woman. He would say to them, when he had accepted their pledge: ‘You have given your pledge,’ verbally.” (Using translation from Ibn Mājah 2875)   

زَوْجَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَتْ كَانَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ إِذَا هَاجَرْنَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يُمْتَحَنَّ بِقَوْلِ اللهِ ﷻ {يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ إِذَا جَاءَكَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ يُبَايِعْنَكَ عَلَى أَلَّا يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا يَسْرِقْنَ} إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ قَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ فَمَنْ أَقَرَّ بِهَذَا مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ فَقَدْ أَقَرَّ بِالْمِحْنَةِ وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِذَا أَقْرَرْنَ بِذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِنَّ قَالَ لَهُنَّ انْطَلِقْنَ فَقَدْ بَايَعْتُكُنَّ وَلَا وَاللهِ مَا مَسَّتْ يَدُ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ كَفَّ امْرَأَةٍ قَطُّ وَكَانَ يَقُولُ لَهُنَّ إِذَا أَخَذَ عَلَيْهِنَّ قَدْ بَايَعْتُكُنَّ كَلَامًا  

"I came to the Prophet with some other Ansari women to give our pledge. We said: 'O Messenger of Allah, we give you our pledge that we will not associate anything with Allah, we will not steal, we will not have unlawful sexual relations, we will not utter slander, fabricating from between our hands and feet, and we will not disobey you in goodness.' He said: 'As much as you can and are able.' We said: 'Allah and His Messenger are more merciful toward us. Com, let us give you our pledge, O Messenger of Allah! The Messenger of Allah said: 'I do not shake hands with women. Rather my word to a hundred women is like my word to one woman."' (Using translation from Nasāʾī 4181)   

أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فِي نِسْوَةٍ نُبَايِعُهُ فَقُلْنَا نُبَايِعُكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ عَلَى أَنْ لَا نُشْرِكَ بِاللهِ شَيْئًا وَلَا نَسْرِقَ وَلَا نَزْنِيَ وَلَا نَقْتُلَ أَوْلَادَنَا وَلَا نَأْتِيَ بِبُهْتَانٍ نَفْتَرِيهِ بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا وَأَرْجُلِنَا وَلَا نَعْصِيَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِيمَا اسْتَطَعْتُنَّ وَأَطَقْتُنَّ قَالَتْ فَقُلْنَا اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَرْحَمُ بِنَا مِنْ أَنْفُسِنَا هَلُمَّ نُبَايِعْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنِّي لَا أُصَافِحُ النِّسَاءَ إِنَّمَا قَوْلِي لِمِائَةِ امْرَأَةٍ كَقَوْلِي لِامْرَأَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ أَوْ مِثْلُ قُولِي لِامْرَأَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ  

who was born during the lifetime of the Prophet ﷺ that his mother, Zainab bint Humaid had taken him to Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said, "O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! Take his Pledge of allegiance (for Islam)." The Prophet ﷺ said, "He (ʿAbdullah bin Hisham) is a little child," and passed his hand over his head and invoked Allah for him. ʿAbdullah bin Hisham used to slaughter one sheep as a sacrifice on behalf of all of his family. (Using translation from Bukhārī 7210)   

عَنْ جَدِّهِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ وَكَانَ قَدْ أَدْرَكَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَذَهَبَتْ بِهِ أُمُّهُ زَيْنَبُ بِنْتُ حُمَيْدٍ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ بَايِعْهُ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ هُوَ صَغِيرٌ وَمَسَحَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَدَعَا لَهُ وَكَانَ يُضَحِّي بِالشَّاةِ الْوَاحِدَةِ عَنْ جَمِيعِ أَهْلِهِ  

It was said to ʿUmar, "Will you appoint your successor?" ʿUmar said, "If I appoint a Caliph (as my successor) it is true that somebody who was better than I (i.e., Abu Bakr) did so, and if I leave the matter undecided, it is true that somebody who was better than I (i.e., Messenger of Allah ﷺ) did so." On this, the people praised him. ʿUmar said, "People are of two kinds: Either one who is keen to take over the Caliphate or one who is afraid of assuming such a responsibility. I wish I could be free from its responsibility in that I would receive neither reward nor retribution I won't bear the burden of the caliphate in my death as I do in my life." (Using translation from Bukhārī 7218)   

إِنْ أَتْرُكْ فَقَدْ تَرَكَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ قَالَ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ رَاغِبٌ وَرَاهِبٌ لَا أَتَحَمَّلُهَا حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا لَوَدِدْتُ أَنِّي نَجَوْتُ مِنْهَا كَفَافًا لَا لِي وَلَا عَلَيَّ  

I was present with my father when he was wounded. People praised him and said: "May God give you a noble recompense!" He said: "I am hopeful (of God's mercy) as well as afraid (of His wrath)."

People said: "Appoint anyone as your successor." He said: "Should I carry the burden of conducting your affairs in my life as well as in my death? (So far as Caliphate is concerned) I wish I could acquit myself (before the Almighty) in a way that there is neither anything to my credit nor anything to my discredit. If I would appoint my successor, (I would because) one better than me did so. (He meant Abu Bakr.) If I would leave You alone, (I would do so because) one better than me, i. e. the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, did so." 'Abdullah says: When he mentioned the Messenger of Allah ﷺ I understood that he would not appoint anyone as Caliph. (Using translation from Muslim 1823a)   

حَضَرْتُ أَبِي حِينَ أُصِيبَ فَأَثْنَوْا عَلَيْهِ فَقَالُوا جَزَاكَ اللهُ خَيْرًا فَقَالَ رَاهِبٌ وَرَاغِبٌ قَالُوا اسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَالَ أَتَحَمَّلُ أَمَرَكُمْ حَيًّا وَمَيِّتًا لَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّ حَظِّي مِنْهَا الْكَفَافُ لَا عَلَيَّ وَلَا لِي إِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَقَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي وَإِنْ أَتْرُكْكُمْ فَقَدْ تَرَكَكُمْ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فَعَرَفْتُ أَنَّهُ حِينَ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ غَيْرَ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ  

I entered the apartment of (my sister) Hafsa. She said: Do yoa know that your father is not going to nominate his successor? I said: He won't do that (i. e. he would nominate). She said: He is going to do that. The narrator said: I took an oath that I will talk to him about the matter. I kept quiet until the next morning, still I did not talk to him, and I felt as if I were carryint, a mountain on my right hand. At last I came to him and entered his apartment. (Seeing me) he began to ask me about the condition of the people, and I informed him (about them). Then I said to him: I heard something from the people and took an oath that I will communicate it to you. They presume that you are not going to nominate a successor. If a grazer of camels and sheep that you had appointed comes back to you leaving the cattle, you will (certainly) think that the cattle are lost. To look after the people is more serious and grave. (The dying Caliph) was moved at my words. He bent his head in a thoughtful mood for some time and raised it to me and said: God will doubtlessly protect His religion. If I do not nominate a successor (I have a precedent before me), for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not nominate his successor. And if I nominate one (I have a precedent), for Abu Bakr did nominate. The narrator (Ibn Umar) said: By God. when he mentioned the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and Abu Bakr, I (at once) understood that he would not place anyone at a par with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and would not nominate anyone. (Using translation from Muslim 1823b)   

فِي غَزَاةٍ فَلَمْ أُكَلِّمْهُ فَكُنْتُ فِي سَفَرِي كَأَنَّمَا أَحْمِلُ بِيَمِينِي جَبَلًا حَتَّى قَدِمْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ فَجَعَلَ يَسْأَلُنِي فَقُلْتُ لَهُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ النَّاسَ يَقُولُونَ مَقَالَةً فَآلَيْتُ أَنْ أَقُولَهَا لَكَ زَعَمُوا أَنَّكَ غَيْرَ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ وَقَدْ عَلِمْتَ أَنَّهُ لَوْ كَانَ لَكَ رَاعِي غَنْمٍ فَجَاءَكَ وَقَدْ تَرَكَ رِعَايَتَهُ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ قَدْ ضَيَّعَ فَرِعَايَةُ النَّاسِ أَشَدُّ قَالَ فَوَافَقَهُ قَوْلِي فَأَطْرَقَ مَلِيًّا ثُمَّ رَفَعَ رَأْسَهُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ يَحْفَظُ دِينَهُ وَإِنْ لَا أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ وَإِنْ أَسْتَخْلِفْ فَإِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَدِ اسْتَخْلَفَ قَالَ فَمَا هُوَ إِلَّا أَنْ ذَكَرَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فَعَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَعْدِلُ بِرَسُولِ الله ﷺ أَحَدًا وَأَنَّهُ غَيْرُ مُسْتَخْلِفٍ  

[Machine] Whatever the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not designate, I will designate. However, if Allah wants good for the people, He will gather them together for their own good just as He gathered them after their prophet ﷺ for their own good.  

مَا اسْتَخْلَفَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَأَسْتَخْلِفُ وَلَكِنْ إِنْ يُرِدِ اللهُ بِالنَّاسِ خَيْرًا جَمَعَهُمْ عَلَى خَيْرِهِمْ كَمَا جَمَعَهُمْ بَعْدَ نَبِيِّهِمْ ﷺ عَلَى خَيْرِهِمْ  

[Machine] Abu Abdullah Al-Hafiz narrated to us towards the end of the tenth part of Al-Fawa'id Al-Kabeer by Abu Abbas. Abu Abbas Muhammad ibn Ya'qub narrated to us, who narrated from Muhammad ibn Khalid ibn Khulayy Al-Himsy, who narrated from Bishr ibn Shuayb ibn Abi Hamzah, who narrated from his father, who narrated from Az-Zuhri, who narrated from Abdullah ibn Ka'ab ibn Malik Al-Ansari. Ka'ab ibn Malik was one of the three of whom they had doubts. Abdullah ibn Ka'ab informed me that Abdullah ibn Abbas informed him that Ali ibn Abi Talib came out from the presence of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was suffering from the illness in which he passed away. The people said: "O Abu Hassan, how is the Messenger of Allah this morning?" He replied: "He is in a state of gratitude to Allah." Then Abbas ibn Abdil Muttalib took Ali's hand and said: "By Allah, you will be the Caliph after three. I swear by Allah, I see that the Messenger of Allah will pass away from this illness. Verily, I recognize the faces of the sons of Abdil Muttalib at the time of death. So let us go to the Messenger of Allah and ask him about this matter. If he has knowledge of it from us, we will take his advice. If he has knowledge of it from others, we will question him. Ali said: "By Allah, if we ask the Messenger of Allah about this matter and he prevents us from it, the people will never give it to us after him. And I swear by Allah, I will not ask the Messenger of Allah about it."  

أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ فِي آخِرِ الْجُزْءِ الْعَاشِرِ مِنَ الْفَوَائِدِِ الْكَبِيرِ لِأَبِي الْعَبَّاسِ ثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَعْقُوبَ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَالِدِ بْنِ خُلِيٍّ الْحِمْصِيُّ ثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ وَكَانَ كَعْبُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ أَحَدَ الثَّلَاثَةِ الَّذِينَ تِيبَ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ كَعْبٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ خَرَجَ مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فِي وَجَعِهِ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ فَقَالَ النَّاسُ يَا أَبَا حَسَنٍ كَيْفَ أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَ أَصْبَحَ بِحَمْدِ اللهِ بَارِئًا قَالَ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِهِ عَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ؓ فَقَالَ أَنْتَ وَاللهِ بَعْدَ ثَلَاثٍ عَبْدُ الْعَصَا وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَأَرَى رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ سَوْفَ يَتَوَفَّاهُ اللهُ مِنْ وَجَعِهِ هَذَا إِنِّي أَعْرِفُ وُجُوهَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عِنْدَ الْمَوْتِ فَاذْهَبْ بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَلْنَسْأَلْهُ فِي مَنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرُ فَإِنْ كَانَ فِينَا عَلِمْنَا ذَلِكَ وَإِنْ كَانَ فِي غَيْرِنَا كَلَّمْنَاهُ فَأَوْصَى بِنَا قَالَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ إِنَّا وَاللهِ لَئِنْ سَأَلْنَاهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَمَنَعَنَاهَا لَا يُعْطِينَاهَا النَّاسُ بَعْدَهُ أَبَدًا وَإِنِّي وَاللهِ لَا أَسْأَلُهَا رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ  

[Machine] Um Al-Mu'mineen, when Abu Bakr became ill, Fulan and Fulan entered upon him and said, "O Khalifa of the Messenger of Allah, what will you say to your Lord tomorrow when you meet Him and you have appointed Ibn Al-Khattab as our leader?" She called us and said, "By Allah, are you scaring me? Should I say that I appointed the best among them?"  

أُمُّ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ؓ لَمَّا ثَقُلَ أَبِي دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ فُلَانٌ وَفُلَانٌ فَقَالُوا يَا خَلِيفَةَ رَسُولِ اللهِ مَاذَا تَقُولُ لِرَبِّكِ غَدًا إِذَا قَدِمْتَ عَلَيْهِ وَقَدِ اسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَيْنَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ؟ قَالَتْ فَأَجْلَسْنَاهُ فَقَالَ أَبِاللهِ تُرْهِبُونِي؟ أَقُولُ اسْتَخْلَفْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ خَيْرَهُمْ  

The above hadith has been narrated through several other chains of transmitters. (Using translation from Muslim 2327b)   

عَنْ عَائِشَةَ مَوْصُولًا  

I dreamt that a rooster pecked me twice, and I can only interpret it as meaning that my death is near, and there are people who are telling me I should appoint someone to be my successor, but Allah will not cause His religion and the caliphate, with which He sent His Prophet ﷺ, to be lost. If death comes to me soon, then the caliphate is to be decided by these six men with whom the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was pleased when he died. Whichever of them you swear allegiance to, then listen to him and obey. I know that some people will object to this matter. I have fought them with my own hands in the defence of Islam. If they do that, then they are the enemies of Allah and misguided kafirs. I am not leaving behind anything more important to me than kalalah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ never emphasised any issue to me since I accompanied him more than the issue of kalalah, and I did not ask him about anything more than I asked him about kalalah, until he poked me in the chest with his finger and said: “O 'Umar, is not ayatus­-saif (the verse of summer, i.e. it was revealed in summer), which appears at the end of Soorat an-Nisa', sufficient for you?ʿ If I live I will issue a decree that will be so clear that those who read the Qur'an and those who do not read it will be able to make decisions concerning it. Then he said. O Allah, I call upon You to bear witness over the governors of the regions, for I only sent them to teach the people their religion and the Sunnah of their Prophet and to the divide the fai' among them and to be just to them and to refer to me concerning any difficult matter, O people, you eat two plants which I find to be nothing but repugnant. I remember the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, if he noticed their smell coming from a man in the mosque, he would issue orders that he taken by the hand and led out to al­-Baqee', Whoever must eat them, let him cook them to death.ʿ (Using translation from Aḥmad 186)   

بِأَنْ أَسْتَخْلِفَ وَإِنَّ اللهَ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِيُضِيعَ دِينَهُ وَخِلَافَتَهُ وَمَا بَعَثَ بِهِ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَإِنْ عَجِلَ بِي أَمْرٌ فَالشُّورَى بَيْنَ هَؤُلَاءِ السِّتَّةِ الَّذِينَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَنْهُمْ رَاضٍ فَمَنْ بَايَعْتُمْ فَاسْمَعُوا لَهُ وَأَطِيعُوا وَإِنَّ نَاسًا سَيَطْعَنُونَ فِي ذَلِكَ فَإِنْ فَعَلُوا فَأُولَئِكَ أَعْدَاءُ اللهِ الْكَفَرَةُ الضُّلَّالُ أَنَا جَاهَدْتُهُمْ بِيَدِي هَذِهِ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَإِنِّي لَا أَدَعُ شَيْئًا أَهَمَّ عِنْدِي مِنْ أَمْرِ الْكَلَالَةِ وَمَا أَغْلَظَ لِي رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فِي شَيْءٍ مَا أَغْلَظَ لِي فِيهِ فَطَعَنَ بِأُصْبُعِهِ فِي صَدْرِي أَوْ فِي جَنْبِي ثُمَّ قَالَ يَا عُمَرُ يَكْفِيكَ آيَةُ الصَّيْفِ الَّتِي فِي آخِرِ سُورَةِ النِّسَاءِ وَإِنِّي إِنْ أَعِشْ أَقْضِ فِيهَا بِقَضَاءٍ لَا يَخْتَلِفُ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ قَرَأَ الْقُرْآنَ أَوْ لَمْ يَقْرَأِ الْقُرْآنَ وَإِنِّي أُشْهِدُ اللهَ عَلَى أُمَرَاءِ الْأَمْصَارِ فَإِنِّي إِنَّمَا بَعَثْتُهُمْ لِيُعَلِّمُوا النَّاسَ دِينَهُمْ وَسُنَّةَ نَبِيِّهِمْ وَيَرْفَعُوا إِلَيْنَا مَا أَشْكَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَإِنَّكُمْ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ تَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ شَجَرَتَيْنِ لَا أُرَاهُمَا إِلَّا خَبِيثَتَيْنِ قَدْ كُنْتُ أَرَى الرَّجُلَ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ يُوجَدُ رِيحُهُمَا مِنْهُ فَيُؤْخَذُ بِيَدِهِ فَيَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْبَقِيعِ فَمَنْ أَكَلَهُمَا فَلْيُمِتْهُمَا طَبْخًا الثُّومُ وَالْبَصَلُ قَالَ خَطَبَ لَهُمْ يَوْمَ الْجُمُعَةِ وَمَاتَ يَوْمَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ لِأَرْبَعٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ  

[Machine] The following passage has been translated into English:

"He deserves this position more than those people or the group who were present when the Messenger of Allah passed away, and he was pleased with them. He named Ali, Uthman, Zubair, Talha, Saad, and Abdul Rahman Ibn Awf. He said, 'I bear witness to you, Abdullah Ibn Umar, even though he has no authority in this matter, like the consolation for him.' He also said, 'If the leadership falls into the hands of Saad, then that is good. Otherwise, let him seek the help of whichever one of you he is commanded to.' He said, 'I am not dismissing him due to any disability or betrayal.' He also said, 'I advise the caliph after me regarding the early migrants to acknowledge their rights and protect their sanctity. And I advise him concerning the Ansar, who took on the burden of the home and faith before them, to accept their kindness and pardon their mistakes. And I advise him regarding the people of the provinces, as they are the support of Islam, collectors of wealth, and the anger of the enemies. And let nothing be taken from them except their surplus beyond what pleases them. And I advise him regarding the Bedouins, as they are the roots of the Arabs and the backbone of Islam. Let their surplus be taken from the outskirts of their wealth and distributed to their poor. And I advise him regarding the covenant of Allah and the covenant of His Messenger, to fulfill their promise to them. And I advise him to fight from behind them and to not burden them beyond their capability.' When he passed away, we carried out his will and started walking. He mentioned the incident while burying him. He said, 'When we finished burying him and returned, this group of people assembled.' Abdul Rahman Ibn Awf said, 'Let's leave this matter to three of you.' Az-Zubair said, 'I have entrusted my matter to Ali.' Talha said, 'I have entrusted my matter to Uthman.' Saad said, 'I have entrusted my matter to Abdul Rahman.' Abdul Rahman said, 'Which one of you will absolve himself of this matter so that we can entrust it to him?' By Allah, he will judge with his own understanding and work diligently for the good of the nation. He said, 'The two sheikhs kept quiet.' Abdul Rahman said, 'Are you entrusting it to me? By Allah, I will not fail in fulfilling your best interests.' They said, 'Yes.' Abdul Rahman took the hand of one of them and said, 'You are from the close relatives of the Messenger of Allah and have a distinguished position in Islam. I have full confidence that if I appointed you, you would make justice your priority. And if I appointed Uthman, you would listen and obey him.' Then, he went to the other and said the same. When he made an agreement, he said to Uthman, 'Raise your hand, O Uthman,' and he pledged allegiance to him. Ali also pledged allegiance to him, and the people of the house pledged allegiance to him."  

أَحَقَّ بِهَذَا الْأَمْرِ مِنْ هَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرِ أَوِ الرَّهْطِ الَّذِينَ تُوُفِّيَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ عَنْهُمْ رَاضٍ فَسَمَّى عَلِيًّا وَعُثْمَانَ وَالزُّبَيْرَ وَطَلْحَةَ وَسَعْدًا وَعَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ ؓ وَقَالَ لِيَشْهَدْكُمْ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَلَيْسَ لَهُ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ كَالتَّعْزِيَةِ لَهُ وَقَالَ فَإِنْ أَصَابَتِ الْإِمْرَةُ سَعْدًا فَهُوَ ذَاكَ وَإِلَّا فَلْيَسْتَعِنْ بِهِ أَيُّكُمُ مَا أُمِّرَ فَإِنِّي لَمْ أَعْزِلْهُ مِنْ عَجْزٍ وَلَا خِيَانَةٍ وَقَالَ أُوصِي الْخَلِيفَةَ مِنْ بَعْدِي بِالْمُهَاجِرِينَ الْأَوَّلِينَ أَنْ يَعْلَمَ لَهُمْ حَقَّهُمْ وَيَحْفَظَ لَهُمْ حُرْمَتَهُمْ وَأُوصِيهِ بِالْأَنْصَارِ الَّذِينَ تَبَوَّؤُا الدَّارَ وَالْإِيمَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ مِنْ مُحْسِنِهِمْ وَأَنْ يَعْفِي عَنْ مُسِيئِهِمْ وَأُوصِيهِ بِأَهْلِ الْأَمْصَارِ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّهُمْ رِدْءُ الْإِسْلَامِ وَجُبَاةُ الْأَمْوَالِ وَغَيْظُ الْعَدُوِّ وَأَنْ لَا يُؤْخَذُ مِنْهُمْ إِلَّا فَضْلَهُمْ عَنْ رِضَاهُمْ وَأُوصِيهِ بِالْأَعْرَابِ خَيْرًا فَإِنَّهُمْ أَصْلُ الْعَرَبِ وَمَادَّةُ الْإِسْلَامِ أَنْ يُؤْخَذَ مِنْ حَوَاشِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ فَيُرَدُّ عَلَى فُقَرَائِهِمْ وَأُوصِيهِ بِذِمَّةِ اللهِ وَذِمَّةِ رَسُولِهِ أَنْ يُوفِي لَهُمْ بِعَهْدِهِمْ وَأَنْ يُقَاتِلَ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ وَأَنْ لَا يُكَلَّفُوا إِلَّا طَاقَتَهُمْ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ خَرَجْنَا بِهِ فَانْطَلَقْنَا نَمْشِي وَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فِي دَفْنِهِ قَالَ فَلَمَّا فُرِغَ مِنْ دَفْنِهِ وَرَجَعُوا اجْتَمَعَ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّهْطُ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَوْفً ؓ اجْعَلُوا أَمْرَكُمْ إِلَى ثَلَاثَةٍ مِنْكُمْ قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ أَمْرِي إِلَى عَلِيٍّ فَقَالَ طَلْحَةُ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ أَمْرِي إِلَى عُثْمَانَ وَقَالَ سَعْدٌ قَدْ جَعَلْتُ أَمْرِي إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ أَيُّكُمَا يَبْرَأُ مِنْ هَذَا الْأَمْرِ فَنَجْعَلَهُ إِلَيْهِ؟ وَاللهِ عَلَيْهِ وَالْإِسْلَامُ لَيَنْظُرَنَّ أَفْضَلَهُمْ فِي نَفْسِهِ وَلَيَحْرِصَنَّ عَلَى صَلَاحِ الْأُمَّةِ قَالَ فَأُسْكِتَ الشَّيْخَانِ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ أَفَتَجْعَلُونَهُ إِلَيَّ وَاللهُ عَلَيَّ أَنْ لَا آلُو عَنْ أَفْضَلِكُمْ؟ فَقَالَا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَأَخَذَ بِيَدِ أَحَدِهِمَا فَقَالَ لَكَ مِنْ قَرَابَةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ وَالْقِدَمِ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ مَا قَدْ عَلِمْتَ وَاللهُ عَلَيْكَ لَئِنْ أَنَا أَمَّرْتُكَ لَتَعْدِلَنَّ وَلَئِنْ أَنَا أَمَّرْتُ عُثْمَانَ لَتَسْمَعَنَّ وَلَتُطِيعَنَّ ثُمَّ خَلَا بِالْآخَرِ فَقَالَ لَهُ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا أَخَذَ الْمِيثَاقَ قَالَ ارْفَعْ يَدَكَ يَا عُثْمَانُ فَبَايَعَهُ وَبَايَعَ لَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ وَوَلَجَ أَهْلُ الدَّارِ فَبَايَعُوهُ  

[Machine] "Abdullah called me once or twice for me to join them in this matter, but Umar did not involve me. I did not like being with them because I knew that they would make a decision that my father did not agree with. By Allah, I rarely saw Umar move his lips for anything unless it was the truth. When Uthman's calling to prayer increased, I said, 'Don't you understand? You give orders while the Commander of the Faithful is alive?' By Allah, it was as if I had woken Umar from a deep sleep. Umar said, 'Wait, if something happens to me, then Suhayb, the freed slave of the Banu Jud'an, should lead the people in prayer for three nights. And then gather the nobles and the commanders of the soldiers on the third day. You should appoint one of you. And if anyone orders without consultation, then strike his neck.'"  

عَبْدُ اللهِ فَدَعَانِي عُثْمَانُ ؓ مَرَّةً أَوْ مَرَّتَيْنِ لِيُدْخِلَنِي فِي الْأَمْرِ وَلَمْ يُسَمِّنِي عُمَرُ وَلَا وَاللهِ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنِّي كُنْتُ مَعَهُمْ عِلْمًا مِنْهُ بِأَنَّهُ سَيَكُونُ مِنْ أَمْرِهِمْ مَا قَالَ أَبِي وَاللهِ لَقَلَّمَا سَمِعْتُهُ حَرَّكَ شَفَتَيْهِ بِشَيْءٍ قَطُّ إِلَّا كَانَ حَقًّا فَلَمَّا أَكْثَرَ عُثْمَانُ دُعَائِي قُلْتُ أَلَا تَعْقِلُونَ تُؤَمِّرُونَ وَأَمِيرُ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ حَيُّ؟ فَوَاللهِ لَكَأَنَّمَا أَيْقَظْتُ عُمَرَ ؓ مِنْ مَرْقَدٍ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ أَمْهِلُوا فَإِنْ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ فَلْيُصَلِّ لِلنَّاسِ صُهَيْبٌ مَوْلَى بَنِي جُدْعَانَ ثَلَاثَ لَيَالٍ ثُمَّ أَجْمِعُوا فِي الْيَوْمِ الثَّالِثِ أَشْرَافَ النَّاسِ وَأُمَرَاءَ الْأَجْنَادِ فَأَمِّرُوا أَحَدَكُمْ فَمَنْ تَأْمَّرَ عَنْ غَيْرِ مَشُورَةٍ فَاضْرِبُوا عُنُقَهُ  

I went to ʿAisha and asked her to describe to me the illness of Messenger of Allah ﷺ. ʿAisha said, "Yes. The Prophet became seriously ill and asked whether the people had prayed. We replied, 'No. O Allah's Apostle! They are waiting for you.' He added, 'Put water for me in a trough." ʿAisha added, "We did so. He took a bath and tried to get up but fainted. When he recovered, he again asked whether the people had prayed. We said, 'No, they are waiting for you. O Messenger of Allah ﷺ,' He again said, 'Put water in a trough for me.' He sat down and took a bath and tried to get up but fainted again. Then he recovered and said, 'Have the people prayed?' We replied, 'No, they are waiting for you. O Allah's Apostle.' He said, 'Put water for me in the trough.' Then he sat down and washed himself and tried to get up but he fainted. When he recovered, he asked, 'Have the people prayed?' We said, 'No, they are waiting for you. O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! The people were in the mosque waiting for the Prophet ﷺ for the ʿIsha prayer. The Prophet ﷺ sent for Abu Bakr to lead the people in the prayer. The messenger went to Abu Bakr and said, 'Messenger of Allah ﷺ orders you to lead the people in the prayer.' Abu Bakr was a softhearted man, so he asked ʿUmar to lead the prayer but ʿUmar replied, 'You are more rightful.' So Abu Bakr led the prayer in those days. When the Prophet ﷺ felt a bit better, he came out for the Zuhr prayer with the help of two persons one of whom was Al-ʿAbbas. while Abu Bakr was leading the people in the prayer. When Abu Bakr saw him he wanted to retreat but the Prophet ﷺ beckoned him not to do so and asked them to make him sit beside Abu Bakr and they did so. Abu Bakr was following the Prophet (in the prayer) and the people were following Abu Bakr. The Prophet (prayed) sitting." 'Ubaidullah added "I went to ʿAbdullah bin ʿAbbas and asked him, Shall I tell you what Aisha has told me about the fatal illness of the Prophet?' Ibn ʿAbbas said, 'Go ahead. I told him her narration and he did not deny anything of it but asked whether ʿAisha told me the name of the second person (who helped the Prophet ﷺ ) along with Al-Abbas. I said. 'No.' He said, 'He was ʿAli (Ibn Abi Talib). (Using translation from Bukhārī 687)   

مَرَضِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ فَقَالَتْ بَلَى ثَقُلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَقَالَ أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ فَقُلْتُ لَا وَهُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ قَالَ ضَعُوا مَاءً فِي الْمِخْضَبِ قَالَتْ فَفَعَلْنَا فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ لِيَنُوءَ فَأُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ فَقَالَ أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ قُلْنَا لَا هُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَكَ قَالَ ضَعُوا لِي مَاءً فِي الْمِخْضَبِ فَفَعَلْنَا فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ لِيَنُوءَ فَأُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ فَأَفَاقَ فَقَالَ أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ قُلْتُ لَا هُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَكَ فَقَالَ ضَعُوا لِي مَاءً فِي الْمِخْضَبِ فَفَعَلْنَا فَاغْتَسَلَ ثُمَّ ذَهَبَ لِيَنُوءَ فَأُغْمِيَ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ أَفَاقَ فَقَالَ أَصَلَّى النَّاسُ؟ قُلْنَا لَا هُمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ والنَّاسُ عُكُوفٌ فِي الْمَسْجِدِ لِصَلَاةِ الْعِشَاءِ الْآخِرَةِ قَالَتْ فَأَرْسَلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ بِأَنْ يُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَتْ فَأَتَاهُ الرَّسُولُ فَقَالَ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَأْمُرُكَ بِأَنْ تُصَلِّيَ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ وَكَانَ رَجُلًا رَقِيقًا يَا عُمَرُ صَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَ لَهُ عُمَرُ ؓ أَنْتَ أَحَقُّ بِذَلِكَ فَصَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ تِلْكَ الْأَيَّامَ ثُمَّ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَجَدَ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ خِفَّةً فَخَرَجَ بَيْنَ رَجُلَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا الْعَبَّاسُ لِصَلَاةِ الظُّهْرِ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ فَلَمَّا رَآهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ ذَهَبَ لِيَتَأَخَّرَ فَأَوْمَى إِلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بِأَنْ لَا يَتَأَخَّرَ قَالَ أَجْلِسَانِي إِلَى جَنْبِهِ فَأَجْلَسَاهُ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ قَالَ فَجَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ يُصَلِّي وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ بِصَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَالنَّاسُ بِصَلَاةِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَالنَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَاعِدٌ قَالَ عُبَيْدُ اللهِ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ أَلَا أَعْرِضُ عَلَيْكَ مَا حَدَّثَتْنِي بِهِ عَائِشَةُ عَنْ مَرَضِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ؟ قَالَ هَاتِ فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ حَدِيثَهَا فَمَا أَنْكَرَ مِنْه شَيْئًا غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ أَسَمَّتْ لَكَ الرَّجُلَ الَّذِي كَانَ مَعَ الْعَبَّاسِ؟ قُلْتُ لَا قَالَ هُوَ عَلِيٌّ ؓ  

[Machine] Allah, ﷺ , said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." Aisha said to him, "O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a gentle man. When he stands in your place, people cannot hear him crying." Allah, ﷺ , said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." She repeated her statement, and he said, "You are the wives of Yusuf. Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." Ibn Shihab told me that Ubaidullah bin Abdullah bin Utba informed them from Aisha that she said, "I have allowed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to do that, but the only thing that led me to do this was that I feared people would criticize Abu Bakr. And if I did not know that no one would be able to take his place without people criticizing him, then I would have preferred that the people would not find fault with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ about Abu Bakr."  

الله ﷺ وَجَعُهُ قَالَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَتْ لَهُ عَائِشَةُ ؓ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ رَقِيقٌ إِذَا قَامَ مَقَامَكَ لَمْ يُسْمِعِ النَّاسَ مِنَ الْبُكَاءِ فَقَالَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَعَاوَدَتْهُ مِثْلَ مَقَالَتِهَا فَقَالَ أَنْتُنَّ صَوَاحِبَاتُ يُوسُفَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ قَالَ ابْنُ شِهَابٍ وَأَخْبَرَنِي عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ قَدْ عَاوَدْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ ذَلِكَ وَمَا حَمَلَنِي عَلَى مُعَاوَدَتِهِ إِلَّا أَنِّي خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَتَشَاءَمَ النَّاسُ بِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ وَإِلَّا أَنِّي عَلِمْتُ أَنَّهُ لَنْ يَقُومَ مَقَامَهُ أَحَدٌ إِلَّا تَشَاءَمَ النَّاسُ بِهِ فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَعْدِلَ النَّاسُ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." Aisha said, "O Messenger of Allah, Abu Bakr is a gentle man." He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer." Aisha said, "Indeed, Abu Bakr is a gentle man." He said, "Tell Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer. You all are the companions of Yusuf." She asked, "Is Abu Bakr alive during the lifetime of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?"  

رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ ؓ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ رَقِيقٌ فَقَالَ أُخْرَى مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ إِنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَجُلٌ رَقِيقٌ فَقَالَ مُرُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَلْيُصَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ فَإِنَّكُنَّ صَوَاحِبُ يُوسُفَ قَالَ فَأَمَّ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ فِي حَيَاةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ  

Anas bin Malik Al-Ansari, told me, "Abu Bakr used to lead the people in prayer during the fatal illness of the Prophet ﷺ till it was Monday. When the people aligned (in rows) for the prayer the Prophet ﷺ lifted the curtain of his house and started looking at us and was standing at that time. His face was (glittering) like a page of the Qur'an and he smiled cheerfully. We were about to be put to trial for the pleasure of seeing the Prophet, Abu Bakr retreated to join the row as he thought that the Prophet ﷺ would lead the prayer. The Prophet ﷺ beckoned us to complete the prayer and he let the curtain fall. On the same day he died." (Using translation from Bukhārī 680)   

أَخْبَرَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ وَكَانَ تَبِعَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ وَخَدَمَهُ وَصَحِبَهُ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقَ ؓ كَانَ يُصَلِّي لَهُمْ فِي وَجَعِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الَّذِي تُوُفِّيَ فِيهِ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ الْإِثْنَيْنِ وَهُمْ صُفُوفٌ فِي الصَّلَاةِ كَشَفَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ سِتْرَ الْحُجْرَةِ يَنْظُرُ إِلَيْنَا وَهُوَ قَائِمٌ كَأَنَّ وَجْهَهُ وَرَقَةُ مُصْحَفٍ ثُمَّ تَبَسَّمَ قَالَ فَهَمَمْنَا أَنْ نَفْتَتِنَ بِرُؤْيَتِهِ وَنَحْنُ فِي الصَّلَاةِ مِنْ فَرَحٍ بِرَسُولِ الله ﷺ وَنَكَصَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ عَلَى عَقِبَيْهِ لِيَصِلَ الصَّفَّ وَظَنَّ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ خَارِجٌ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ فَأَشَارَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ أَنْ أَتِمُّوا صَلَاتَكُمْ ثُمَّ دَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَرْخَى السِّتْرَ فَتُوُفِّيَ مِنْ يَوْمِهِ ذَلِكَ  

[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ complained for thirteen days. Whenever he felt light, he would pray, and whenever he felt heavy, he prayed. Abu Bakr also prayed.  

اشْتَكَى رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا فَكَانَ إِذَا وَجَدَ خِفَّةً صَلَّى وَإِذَا ثَقُلَ صَلَّى أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ  

When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ died, the Ansar said: A leader from among us and a leader from among you. ‘Umar went to them and said: O Ansar, do you not know that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ ordered Abu Bakr to lead the people in prayer? Which of you would like himself to be given precedence over Abu Bakr? The Ansar said: We seek refuge with Allah from being given precedence over Abu Bakr. (Using translation from Aḥmad 133)   

لَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ مِنَّا أَمِيرٌ وَمِنْكُمْ أَمِيرٌ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُمْ عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ يَا مَعْشَرَ الْأَنْصَارِ أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ أَمَرَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ يَؤُمَّ النَّاسَ فَأَيُّكُمْ تَطِيبُ نَفْسُهُ أَنْ يَتَقَدَّْمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ؟ فَقَالَتِ الْأَنْصَارُ نَعُوذُ بِاللهِ أَنْ نَتَقَدَّْمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ