53. Fighting Rebellion
٥٣۔ كِتَابُ قِتَالِ أَهْلِ الْبَغْيِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, ﷺ , said, "There will be occurrences and matters that you will disapprove of." They said, "So what should the one who witnesses that do, O Messenger of Allah?" He said, "Fulfill your obligations and ask Allah, the One for whom you have mentioned the narration, to guide you and grant you the ability to understand it, as it was narrated in the authentic way from different angles by Al-A'mash."
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ أَثَرَةٌ وَأُمُورٌ تُنْكِرُونَهَا قَالُوا فَمَا يَصْنَعُ مَنْ أَدْرَكَ ذَلِكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ؟ قَالَ أَدُّوا الْحَقَّ الَّذِي عَلَيْكُمْ وَاسْأَلُوا اللهَ الَّذِي لَكُمْ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ يَعْلَى أَخْرَجَاهُ فِي الصَّحِيحِ مِنْ أَوْجُهٍ عَنِ الْأَعْمَشِ
[Machine] Narrated by the Prophet ﷺ : "Whoever sees something from his leader that he dislikes, let him be patient, for there is no one who separates from the group even by a hand's width and dies except that he dies the death of ignorance."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ مَنْ رَأَى مِنْ أَمِيرِهِ شَيْئًا يَكْرَهُهُ فَلْيَصْبِرْ فَإِنَّهُ لَيْسَ أَحَدٌ يُفَارِقُ الْجَمَاعَةَ قِيدَ شِبْرٍ فَيَمُوتُ إِلَّا مَاتَ مِيتَةً جَاهِلِيَّةً
Messenger of Allah, no doubt, we had an evil time (i. e. the days of Jahiliyya or ignorance) and God brought us a good time (i. e. Islamic period) through which we are now living Will there be a bad time after this good time? He (the Holy Prophet) said: Yes. I said: Will there be a good time after this bad time? He said: Yes. I said: Will there be a bad time after good time? He said: Yes. I said: How? Whereupon he said: There will be leaders who will not be led by my guidance and who will not adopt my ways? There will be among them men who will have the hearts of devils in the bodies of human beings. I said: What should I do. Messenger of Allah, if I (happen) to live in that time? He replied: You will listen to the Amir and carry out his orders; even if your back is flogged and your wealth is snatched, you should listen and obey. (Using translation from Muslim 1847b)
قَالَ حُذَيْفَةُ بْنُ الْيَمَانِ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّا كُنَّا بِشَرٍّ فَجَاءَ اللهُ بِخَيْرٍ فَنَحْنُ فِيهِ فَهَلْ مِنْ وَرَاءِ هَذَا الْخَيْرِ شَرٌّ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ وَهَلْ وَرَاءَ هَذَا الشَّرِّ خَيْرٌ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ فَهَلْ وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ الْخَيْرِ شَرٌّ؟ قَالَ نَعَمْ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ يَكُونُ؟ قَالَ يَكُونُ بَعْدِي أَئِمَّةٌ لَا يَهْتَدُونَ بِهُدَايَ وَلَا يَسْتَنُّونَ بِسُنَّتِي وَسَيَقُومُ فِيهِمْ رِجَالٌ قُلُوبُهُمْ قُلُوبُ الشَّيَاطِينِ فِي جُثْمَانِ أَنَسٍ قُلْتُ كَيْفَ أَصْنَعُ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ أَدْرَكْتُ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ تَسْمَعُ وَتُطِيعُ لِلْأَمِيرِ وَإِنْ ضَرَبَ ظَهْرَكَ وَأَخَذَ مَالَكَ فَاسْمَعْ وَأَطِعْ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "There will be caliphs after me who will do what they know and act upon what they are commanded. Then, there will be caliphs after them who will do what they do not know and act upon what they are not commanded. So, whoever disagrees with them will be innocent, and whoever obeys them will be safe. But whoever is satisfied and follows (their ways) will be rewarded." And Abu Abdullah informed us that Abu al-Abbas narrated to us that Muhammad ibn Awf narrated to us that Abu al-Mughirah narrated to us that al-Awza'i narrated from az-Zuhri from Abu Salamah from Abu Huraira who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, and he mentioned this hadith.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ سَيَكُونُ بَعْدِي خُلَفَاءُ يَعْمَلُونَ بِمَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا يُؤْمَرُونَ وَسَيَكُونُ بَعْدَهُمْ خُلَفَاءُ يَعْمَلُونَ بِمَا لَا يَعْلَمُونَ وَيَفْعَلُونَ مَا لَا يُؤْمَرُونَ فَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ عَلَيْهِمْ بَرِئٌ وَمَنْ أَمْسَكَ يَدَهُ سَلِمَ وَلَكِنْ مَنْ رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ 16619 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ ثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ ثَنَا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ ثَنَا الْأَوْزَاعِيُّ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ فَذَكَرَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Verily, there will be leaders among you whom you will recognize and reject. Whoever rejects them with his tongue, he has acquitted himself (of blame). But whoever hates them in his heart, he has submitted (and accepted). However, whoever is pleased and follows them... It was said, 'O Messenger of Allah, should we not kill them?' He said, 'No, as long as they pray.'"
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ إِنَّهَا سَتَكُونُ عَلَيْكُمْ أَئِمَّةٌ تَعْرِفُونَ مِنْهُمْ وَتُنْكِرُونَ فَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ قَالَ هِشَامٌ بِلِسَانِهِ فَقَدْ بَرِئَ وَمَنْ كَرِهَ بِقَلْبِهِ فَقَدْ سَلِمَ لَكِنْ مَنْ رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ قَالَ قِيلَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَفَلَا نَقْتُلُهُمْ؟ قَالَ لَا مَا صَلُّوا
The best of your rulers are those whom you love and who love you, upon whom you invoke God's blessings and who invoke His blessing upon you. And the worst of your rulers are those whom you hate and who hate you, who curse you and whom you curse. (Those present) said: Shouldn't we overthrow them at this? He said: No, as long as they establish prayer among you. No, as long as they establish prayer among you. Mind you! One who has a governor appointed over him and he finds that the governor indulges in an act of disobedience to God, he should condemn the governor's act, in disobedience to God, but should not withdraw himself from his obedience. Ibn Jabir said: Ruzaiq narrated to me this hadith. I asked him: Abu Miqdam, have you heard it from Muslim b. Qaraza or did he describe it to you and he heard it from 'Auf (b. Malik) and he transmitted this tradition of Messenger of Allah ﷺ? Upon this Ruzaiq sat upon his knees and facing the Qibla said: By Allah, besides Whom there is no other God, I heard it from Muslim b. Qaraza and he said that te had heard it from Auf (b. Malik) and he said that he had heard it from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. (Using translation from Muslim 1855b)
سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ خِيَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمُ الَّذِينَ تُحِبُّونَهُمْ وَيُحِبُّونَكُمْ وَتُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَيُصَلُّونَ عَلَيْكُمْ وَشِرَارُ أَئِمَّتِكُمُ الَّذِينَ تُبْغِضُونَهُمْ وَيُبْغِضُونَكُمْ وَتَلْعَنُونَهُمْ وَيَلْعَنُونَكُمْ قَالَ قُلْنَا يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ أَفَلَا نُنَابِذُهُمْ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ؟ قَالَ لَا مَا أَقَامُوا فِيكُمُ الصَّلَاةَ إِلَّا مَنْ وَلِيَ عَلَيْهِ وَالٍ فَرَآهُ يَأْتِي شَيْئًا مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ فَلْيَكْرَهْ مَا يَأْتِي مِنْ مَعْصِيَةِ اللهِ وَلَا تَنْتَزِعَنَّ يَدًا مِنْ طَاعَةٍ قَالَ ابْنُ جَابِرٍ فَقُلْتُ لِرُزَيْقٍ حِينَ حَدَّثَنِي بِهَذَا الْحَدِيثِ آللَّهِ يَا أَبَا الْمِقْدَامِ لَحَدَّثَكَ بِهَذَا أَوْ لَسَمِعْتَ هَذَا مِنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ قَرَظَةَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عَوْفَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ؟ قَالَ فَجَثَا عَلَى رُكْبَتَيْهِ وَاسْتَقْبَلَ الْقِبْلَةَ وَقَالَ أَيْ وَاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لَسَمِعْتُهُ مِنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ قَرَظَةَ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ عَوْفَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ يَقُولُ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ
[Machine] Yazeed bin Salamah Al-Ju'fi asked the Prophet ﷺ, "O Messenger of Allah, if rulers come to us who demand their rights from us and deny us our rights, what should we do?" The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away from him. Then he asked him again, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned away from him again. Then he asked him for a third time and the Prophet ﷺ said, "Listen and obey, for they will be held accountable for what they are burdened with, and you will be held accountable for what you are burdened with." Abu Abdullah Al-Haafiz narrated to us that Abu Al-Fadl bin Ibrahim informed him, who reported from Ahmad bin Salamah, who reported from Muhammad bin Bashar, who reported from Muhammad bin Jafar, who reported from Shu'bah, who mentioned it with this chain of narration, except that Salamah bin Yazeed Al-Ju'fi said, and then he asked him for a second or third time, and Ash'ath bin Qays pulled him.
سَأَلَ يَزِيدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ الْجُعْفِيُّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنْ قَامَتْ عَلَيْنَا أُمَرَاءُ يَسْأَلُونَنَا حَقَّهُمْ وَيَمْنَعُونَا حَقَّنَا فَمَا تَأْمُرُنَا؟ قَالَ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ فَأَعْرَضَ عَنْهُ ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ اسْمَعُوا وَأَطِيعُوا فَإِنَّمَا عَلَيْهِمْ مَا حُمِّلُوا وَعَلَيْكُمْ مَا حُمِّلْتُمْ 16625 وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ الْحَافِظُ أَنْبَأَ أَبُو الْفَضْلِ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ثَنَا شُعْبَةُ فَذَكَرَهُ بِإِسْنَادِهِ وَمَعْنَاهُ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ قَالَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ يَزِيدَ الْجُعْفِيُّ وَقَالَ ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ فِي الثَّانِيَةِ أَوْ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ فَجَذَبَهُ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, "Obey your rulers as long as they command you with what I have conveyed to you, for they will be rewarded for it and you will be rewarded for obeying them. But if they command you with something that I have not commanded you, then it is upon them and you will be free of blame. This is because when you meet Allah, you will say, 'Our Lord, there was no oppression.' And He will say, 'There was no oppression.' And then you will say, 'Our Lord, you sent to us messengers and we obeyed them by Your permission. And You appointed successors over us and we obeyed them by Your permission. And You commanded us to obey our rulers and we obeyed them.' He will say, 'You have spoken the truth, it is upon them and you are free of blame.'"
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَطِيعُوا أُمَرَاءَكُمْ مَا كَانَ فَإِنْ أَمَرُوكُمْ بِمَا حَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِهِ فَإِنَّهُمْ يُؤْجَرُونَ عَلَيْهِ وَتُؤْجَرُونَ بِطَاعَتِكُمْ وَإِنْ أَمَرُوكُمْ بِشَيْءٍ مِمَّا لَمْ آمُرُكُمْ بِهِ فَهُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنْتُمْ مِنْهُ بُرْءًا ذَلِكَ بِأَنَّكُمْ إِذَا لَقِيتُمُ اللهَ قُلْتُمْ رَبَّنَا لَا ظُلْمَ فَيَقُولُ لَا ظُلْمَ فَتَقُولُونَ رَبَّنَا أَرْسَلْتَ إِلَيْنَا رُسُلًا فَأَطَعْنَاهُمْ بِإِذْنِكَ وَاسْتَخْلَفْتَ عَلَيْنَا خُلَفَاءَ فَأَطَعْنَاهُمْ بِإِذْنِكَ وَأَمَّرْتَ عَلَيْنَا أُمَرَاءَ فَأَطَعْنَاهُمْ قَالَ فَيَقُولُ صَدَقْتُمْ هُوَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَأَنْتُمْ مِنْهُ بُرْءًا
[Machine] "O Messenger of Allah, you have employed so-and-so and have not employed me." He ﷺ replied, "Verily, you will see my traces after me, so be patient until you meet me at the Hawd (the pool in Paradise)." The words of the Hadith of Bashir bin 'Umar.
يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ اسْتَعْمَلْتَ فُلَانًا وَلَمْ تَسْتَعْمِلْنِي فَقَالَ إِنَّكُمْ سَتَرَوْنَ بَعْدِي أَثَرَةً فَاصْبِرُوا حَتَّى تَلْقَوْنِي عَلَى الْحَوْضِ لَفْظُ حَدِيثِ بِشْرِ بْنِ عُمَرَ
[Machine] About Ibrahim Ibn Abdul-A'la, he mentioned him in its meaning and added at the end, "And do not separate from the group," and he did not mention Mansur in its chain of narration, and this is more correct. And the mention of Mansur in it is a mistake, and Allah knows best.
عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى فَذَكَرَهُ بِمَعْنَاهُ زَادَ فِي آخِرِهِ وَلَا تُفَارِقِ الْجَمَاعَةَ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ فِي إِسْنَادِهِ مَنْصُورًا وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ وَذِكْرُ مَنْصُورٍ فِيهِ وَهْمٌ وَاللهُ أَعْلَمُ
The Prophet ﷺ said: "Indeed, Allah began this matter with prophethood and mercy, and it will continue as a caliphate, mercy, kingdom, authority, coercion, and corruption in the Ummah. They will permit sexual immorality, alcohol, and silk, and they will be supported in that. They will be provided for indefinitely until they meet Allah."
عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ إِنَّ اللهَ بَدَأَ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ نُبُوَّةً وَرَحْمَةً وَكَائِنًا خِلَافَةً وَرَحْمَةٍ وَكَائِنًا مُلْكًا عَضُوضًا وَكَائِنًا عُتُوَّةً وَجَبْرِيَّةً وَفَسَادًا فِي الْأُمَّةِ يَسْتَحِلُّونَ الْفُرُوجَ وَالْخُمُورَ وَالْحَرِيرَ وَيُنْصَرُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ وَيُرْزَقُونَ أَبَدًا حَتَّى يَلْقَوُا اللهَ ﷻ