53. Fighting Rebellion
٥٣۔ كِتَابُ قِتَالِ أَهْلِ الْبَغْيِ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The protection of Muslims is one, which is sought by the least among them. So whoever harms a Muslim, upon him is the curse of Allah, the angels, and all people. Allah does not accept any expiation or compensation from him.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ ذِمَّةُ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَاحِدَةٌ يَسْعَى بِهَا أَدْنَاهُمْ فَمَنْ أَخْفَرَ مُسْلِمًا فَعَلَيْهِ لَعْنَةُ اللهِ وَالْمَلَائِكَةِ وَالنَّاسِ أَجْمَعِينَ لَا يَقْبَلُ اللهُ ﷻ مِنْهُ صَرْفًا وَلَا عَدْلًا
[Machine] I entered with Ashtar to Ali ibn Abi Talib on the Day of the Camel, and I said, "Did the Messenger of Allah make a covenant with you separate from the general one?" He said, "No, except for this." Then he pulled out his sword from its sheath, and there were the believers on it, [promising that] their blood would be rewarded, their rights protected, and they would have authority over those other than them. A believer should not be killed by a disbeliever, nor should someone with a covenant be killed during his covenant.
دَخَلْتُ أَنَا وَالْأَشْتَرُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ يَوْمَ الْجَمَلِ فَقُلْتُ هَلْ عَهِدَ إِلَيْكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ عَهْدًا دُونَ الْعَامَّةِ؟ فَقَالَ لَا إِلَّا هَذَا وَأَخْرَجَ مِنْ قِرَابِ سَيْفِهِ فَإِذَا فِيهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ تَكَافَأُ دِمَاؤُهُمْ يَسْعَى بِذِمَّتِهِمْ أَدْنَاهُمْ وَهُمْ يَدٌ عَلَى مَنْ سِوَاهُمْ لَا يُقْتَلُ مُؤْمِنٌ بِكَافِرٍ وَلَا ذُو عَهْدٍ فِي عَهْدِهِ
إِنْ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ لَتُجِيرُ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ
[Machine] The Messenger of Allah, may ﷺ , said: "The slave is not given anything from the spoils of war, but is given from the leftover provisions and his trust is permissible." Umar ibn Hafs al-Makki is considered weak.
قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ الْعَبْدُ لَا يُعْطَى مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ شَيْئًا وَيُعْطَى مِنْ خُرْثِيِّ الْمَتَاعِ وَأَمَانُهُ جَائِزٌ عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ الْمَكِّيُّ ضَعِيفٌ
[Machine] When we returned, one of the Muslim slaves was absent, so we wrote a guarantee for them on a paper and threw it to them. They said, "We wrote to Umar ibn al-Khattab." Umar wrote back, "The responsibility of the Muslim slave is their responsibility." So Umar approved their guarantee.
فَلَمَّا رَجَعْنَا تَخَلَّفَ عَبْدٌ مِنْ عَبِيدِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَكَتَبَ لَهُمْ أَمَانًا فِي صَحِيفَةٍ فَرَمَاهُ إِلَيْهِمْ قَالَ فَكَتَبْنَا إِلَى عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ فَكَتَبَ عُمَرُ إِنَّ عَبْدَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ذِمَّتُهُ ذِمَّتُهُمْ فَأَجَازَ عُمَرُ ؓ أَمَانَهُ