[Machine] On the authority of Sa'id ibn Jubayr: "O you who have believed, do not follow the footsteps of Satan" – meaning, "the adornment of Satan which led to the slander of Aisha" – "And whoever follows the footsteps of Satan" – meaning, "the adornment of Satan" – "indeed, he enjoins immorality" – meaning, "sins" – "and wrongdoing" – meaning, "that which is not known" – "and if it had not been for the favor of Allah upon you and His mercy" – meaning, "His blessing" – "not one of you would have been pure" – meaning, "none of you would have been righteous ever" – "but Allah purifies whom He wills" – meaning, "he rectifies whom He wills."  

عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ {يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّبِعُوا خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ} يَعْنِي «تَزْيِينَ الشَّيْطَانِ حَتَّى قَذَفَ عَائِشَةَ» {وَمَنْ يَتَّبِعْ خُطُوَاتِ الشَّيْطَانِ} يَعْنِي «تَزْيِينَ الشَّيْطَانِ» {فَإِنَّهُ يَأْمُرُ بِالْفَحْشَاءِ} يَعْنِي «بِالْمَعَاصِيِ» {وَالْمُنْكَرِ} «مَا لَا يُعْرَفُ يَعْنِي مِثْلَ مَا قِيلَ لِعَائِشَةَ» {وَلَوْلَا فَضْلُ اللهِ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَتُهُ} يَعْنِي «نِعْمَتَهُ» {مَا زَكَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ} يَعْنِي «مَا صَلُحَ مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ أَبَدًا» {وَلَكِنَّ اللهَ يُزَكِّي مَنْ يَشَاءُ} يَعْنِي «يُصْلِحُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ»  

[Machine] Narrated by Mujahid, in his saying {And let not those of virtue among you and wealth swear not to give [aid] to their relatives and the needy and the emigrants for the cause of Allah, and let them pardon and overlook. Would you not like that Allah should forgive you? And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful}. Abu Bakr swore that an orphan would not benefit from his companionship, and this news spread, meaning it spread to Aisha. When this verse was revealed, Abu Bakr said, "I love that Allah may forgive me and I will be better to Him than I was."  

عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولُو الْقُرْبَى وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لَكُمْ وَاللهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} قَالَ كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَلَفَ أَنْ لَا يَنْفَعَ يَتِيمًا فِي حِجْرِهِ أَشَاعَ ذَلِكَ يَعْنِي فِي عَائِشَةَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ قَالَ أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لِي وَلَأَكُونَنَّ لَهُ خَيْرًا مِمَّا كُنْتُ  

[Machine] Narrated by Mujahid, in his statement "And let not those who [greedily] withhold what Allah has given them of His bounty ever think that it is better for them. Rather, it is worse for them.", Abu Bakr said, "Taking an oath does not benefit an orphan that was in his guardianship." Then Abdulkalik said, "It is Mistah ibn Athathah ibn Abb (a.k.a) ibn Muttalib."  

عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ} قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ حَلَفَ لَا يَنْفَعُ يَتِيمًا كَانَ فِي حِجْرِهِ قَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ هُوَ مِسْطَحُ بْنُ أُثَاثَةَ بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ الْمُطَّلِبِ أَشَاعَ ذَلِكَ فَلَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ {أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لَكُمْ} قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ بَلَى أَنَا أُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لِي وَأَكُونُ لِلْيَتَامَى خَيْرًا مِمَّا كُنْتُ  

[Machine] "That they should give to the near of kin, the orphans, and the needy in charity, and say to them a kind word. And let them pardon and overlook. Do you not love that Allah should forgive you? And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful."

"Indeed, I have designated in you, O Abu Bakr, virtues, and I have bestowed upon you ample capacity and knowledge of Allah, and knowledge of kinship. So, be compassionate, O Abu Bakr, towards a certain person, for he has kinship, migration, a dwelling, and scenes of battles that I am pleased with."

"Do you not love that Allah should forgive you?"

"He wants forgiveness, so forgive Masdah."

"And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful."

"He wants, indeed, I am forgiving to those who make a mistake, and merciful to my allies."  

{أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى وَالْمَسَاكِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ فِي سَبِيلِ اللهِ وَلْيَعْفُوا وَلْيَصْفَحُوا} «فَقَدْ جَعَلْتُ فِيكَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ الْفَضْلَ وَجَعَلْتُ عِنْدَكَ السَّعَةَ وَالْمَعْرِفَةَ بِاللهِ وَمَعْرِفَةَ الرَّحِمِ فَتَعَطَّفْ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَلَى مِسْطَحٍ فَلَهُ قَرَابَةٌ وَلَهُ هِجْرَةٌ وَمَسْكَنَةٌ وَمَشَاهِدُ رَضِيتُهَا مِنْهَا بَدْرًا» {أَلَا تُحِبُّونَ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لَكُمْ} «يُرِيدُ فَاغْفِرْ لمِسْطَحٍ» {وَاللهُ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} «يُرِيدُ فَإِنِّي غَفُورٌ لِمَنْ أَخْطَأَ رَحِيمٌ بِأَوْلِيَائِي»  

[Machine] In his saying (And let not those of virtue and abundance among you swear not to give [aid] to their relatives and the needy), it is said that there were people from the companions of the Prophet ﷺ who accused Aisha with something foul and spread it, talked about it, and some of the companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ swore not to give charity to anyone who talks about such things and does not give to them. So Allah said, "Let not those of virtue and abundance among you swear not to give [aid] to their relatives and the needy." He ordered them to join their kinship and give from their wealth as they used to do before that, so Allah commanded to forgive them and to pardon them.  

فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ} الْآيَةَ قَالَ كَانَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَدْ رَمَوْا عَائِشَةَ بِالْقَبِيحِ وَأَفْشَوْا بِهِ وَتَكَلَّمُوا بِهِ وَأَقْسَمَ نَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَمِنْهُمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ لَا يَتَصَدَّقَ عَلَى رَجُلٍ تَكَلَّمَ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ هَذَا وَلَا يَصِلُهُ فَقَالَ لَا يُقْسِمُ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يَصِلُوا أَرْحَامَهُمْ وَأَنْ يُعْطُوهُمْ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ كَالَّذِي كَانُوا يَفْعَلُونَ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَأَمَرَ اللهُ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ وَأَنْ يَعْفُوَ عَنْهُمْ  

[Machine] From Qatadah in his statement "and do not let those of virtue and abundance among you swear an oath" until his statement "and the poor" he says, "Those who have virtues and abundance among you should not swear an oath that they will not give to their relatives." Then from his statement "Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful" this verse was revealed regarding a man from the Quraysh known as Mis'tah, who had a relationship with Abu Bakr. He was an orphan in Abu Bakr's care and he spread false rumors about Aisha. When Allah revealed her innocence and cleared her name to Abu Bakr, asking him not to support Mis'tah, Abu Bakr said, "Would you not love for Allah to forgive you?" Mis'tah replied, "Yes, I would." Abu Bakr then said, "Then pardon and overlook." Abu Bakr said, "Certainly, I will not prevent him from that with good conduct. Before this day, I was kind to him for your sake."  

عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ {وَلَا يَأْتَلِ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ} إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {وَالْمَسَاكِينَ} يَقُولُ لَا يَحْلِفُ أُولُو الْفَضْلِ مِنْكُمْ وَالسَّعَةِ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا أُولِي الْقُرْبَى إِلَى قَوْلِهِ {غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ} نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ فِي رَجُلٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ يُقَالَ لَهُ مِسْطَحٌ كَانَ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ قَرَابَةٌ وَكَانَ يَتِيمًا فِي حِجْرِهِ وَكَانَ مِمَّنْ أَذَاعَ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ مَا أذاعَ فَلَمَّا أَنْزَلَ اللهُ بَرَاءَتَهَا وَعُذْرَهَا آلَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ لَا يَرْزَأَهُ فَقَالَ أَمَا تُحِبُّ أَنْ يَغْفِرَ اللهُ لَكَ؟ قَالَ بَلَى قَالَ فَاعْفُ وَتَجَاوَزْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَا جَرَمَ لَا أَمْنَعُهُ مَعْرُوفًا كُنْتُ أُولِيهِ إِيَّاهُ قَبْلَ الْيَوْمِ