9. Sūrat al-Tawbah

٩۔ سُورَةُ التوبَة

9.3 If the disbelievers violate the treaty, then fight against their ringleaders.

٩۔٣ مقطع في سُورَةُ التوبَة

quran:9:12

And if they break their oaths after their treaty and defame your religion, then fight the leaders of disbelief, for indeed, there are no oaths ˹sacred˺ to them; ˹fight them that˺ they might cease.  

But if they break, ˹if˺ they violate, their oaths, their covenants, after ˹making˺ their pact and assail your religion, slander it, then fight the leaders of unbelief, its heads (here an overt noun ˹‘the leaders of unbelief’˺ has replaced the ˹third person˺ pronominalisation) — verily they have no ˹binding˺ oaths, ˹no˺ pacts (a variant reading ˹for aymān, ‘oaths’˺ has the kasra inflection ˹for the alif, sc. īmān, ‘˹no˺ faith’˺) — so that they might desist, from unbelief.
القرآن:٩:١٢

وَإِنْ نَكَثُوا أَيْمَانَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ عَهْدِهِمْ وَطَعَنُوا فِي دِينِكُمْ فَقَاتِلُوا أَئِمَّةَ الْكُفْرِ ۙ إِنَّهُمْ لَا أَيْمَانَ لَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَنْتَهُونَ  

{وإن نكثوا} نقضوا {أيمانهم} مواثيقهم {من بعد عهدهم وطعنوا في دينكم} عابوه {فقاتلوا أئمة الكفر} رؤساءه، فيه وضع الظاهر موضع المضمر {إنهم لا أيمان} عهود {لهم} وفي قراءة بالكسر {لعلهم ينتهون} عن الكفر.
quran:9:13

Would you not fight a people who broke their oaths and determined to expel the Messenger, and they had begun ˹the attack upon˺ you the first time? Do you fear them? But Allah has more right that you should fear Him, if you are ˹truly˺ believers.  

Will you not (a-lā, ‘will not’ or ‘is not’, denotes incitement) fight a people who broke, violated, their oaths, their pacts, and intended to expel the Messenger, from Mecca — for they discussed this between them in their council assembly — initiating, combat, against you first?, when they fought alongside Banū Bakr against Khuzā‘a, your allies? So what is stopping you from fighting them? Are you afraid of them? God is more worthy of your fear, when you fail to fight them, if you are believers.
القرآن:٩:١٣

أَلَا تُقَاتِلُونَ قَوْمًا نَكَثُوا أَيْمَانَهُمْ وَهَمُّوا بِإِخْرَاجِ الرَّسُولِ وَهُمْ بَدَءُوكُمْ أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ ۚ أَتَخْشَوْنَهُمْ ۚ فَاللَّهُ أَحَقُّ أَنْ تَخْشَوْهُ إِنْ كُنْتُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ  

{ألا} للتحضيض {تقاتلون قوما نكثوا} نقضوا {أيمانهم} عهودهم {وهمُّوا بإخراج الرسول} من مكة لما تشاوروا فيه بدار الندوة {وهم بدءوكم} بالقتال {أوَّل مرَّة} حيث قاتلوا خزاعة حلفاءكم مع بني بكر فما يمنعكم أن تقاتلوهم {أتخشونهم} أتخافونهم {فاللهُ أحق أن تخشوه} في ترك قتالهم {إن كنتم مؤمنين}.
quran:9:14

Fight them; Allah will punish them by your hands and will disgrace them and give you victory over them and satisfy the breasts of a believing people  

Fight them, and God will chastise them, He will have them killed, at your hands and degrade them, humiliate them through capture and subjugation, and He will give you victory against them, and He will heal the breasts of a people who believe, ˹removing the harm˺ done to them — these are the Banū Khuzā‘a.
القرآن:٩:١٤

قَاتِلُوهُمْ يُعَذِّبْهُمُ اللَّهُ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ وَيُخْزِهِمْ وَيَنْصُرْكُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ وَيَشْفِ صُدُورَ قَوْمٍ مُؤْمِنِينَ  

{قاتلوهم يعذبهم الله} يقتلهم {بأيديكم ويخزهم} يذلهم بالأسر والقهر {وينصركم عليهم ويشف صدور قوم مؤمنين} بما فُعل بهم هم بنو خزاعة.
quran:9:15

And remove the fury in the believers' hearts. And Allah turns in forgiveness to whom He wills; and Allah is Knowing and Wise.  

And He will remove the rage, the grief, in their hearts. God turns ˹in forgiveness˺ to whomever He will, when they return to Islam, as in the case of Abū Sufyān. And God is Knowing, Wise.
القرآن:٩:١٥

وَيُذْهِبْ غَيْظَ قُلُوبِهِمْ ۗ وَيَتُوبُ اللَّهُ عَلَىٰ مَنْ يَشَاءُ ۗ وَاللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌ  

{ويذُهب غيظ قلوبهم} كربها {ويتوب الله على من يشاء} بالرجوع إلى الإسلام كأبي سفيان {والله عليم حكيم}.
quran:9:16

Do you think that you will be left ˹as you are˺ while Allah has not yet made evident those among you who strive ˹for His cause˺ and do not take other than Allah, His Messenger and the believers as intimates? And Allah is Acquainted with what you do.  

Or (am has the meaning of the ˹initial a-˺ hamza used to express disavowal) did you suppose that you would be left ˹in peace˺ when God does not yet know, that is, through knowledge outwardly manifested, those of you who have struggled, sincerely, and have not taken, besides God and His Messenger and the believers, an intimate friend?, as a confidant or an ally? In other words: when it has not yet become manifest who the sincere ones are — those described in the exclusive way mentioned. And God is aware of what you do.
القرآن:٩:١٦

أَمْ حَسِبْتُمْ أَنْ تُتْرَكُوا وَلَمَّا يَعْلَمِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ جَاهَدُوا مِنْكُمْ وَلَمْ يَتَّخِذُوا مِنْ دُونِ اللَّهِ وَلَا رَسُولِهِ وَلَا الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَلِيجَةً ۚ وَاللَّهُ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا تَعْمَلُونَ  

{أم} بمعنى همزة الإنكار {حسبتم أن تُتركوا ولما} لم {يعلم الله} علم ظهور {الذين جاهدوا منكم} بإخلاص {ولم يتخذوا من دون الله ولا رسوله ولا المؤمنين وليجة} بطانة وأولياء، المعنى ولم يظهر المخلصون وهم الموصوفون بما ذكر من غيرهم {والله خبير بما تعملون}.