9. Sūrat al-Tawbah

٩۔ سُورَةُ التوبَة

9.2 Commandment of God to honor the treaty so long as the disbelievers honor it.

٩۔٢ مقطع في سُورَةُ التوبَة

quran:9:7

How can there be for the polytheists a treaty in the sight of Allah and with His Messenger, except for those with whom you made a treaty at al-Masjid al-Haram? So as long as they are upright toward you, be upright toward them. Indeed, Allah loves the righteous ˹who fear Him˺.  

How can the idolaters have a pact with God and His Messenger — they cannot —while they disbelieve in God and His Messenger, acting treacherously; except for those with whom you made a pact at the Sacred Mosque?, the day of al-Hudaybiyya — these were Quraysh, for whom an exception was made earlier ˹Q. 9:4˺. So long as they are true to you, keeping to the pact and not breaking it, be true to them, by fulfilling it (fa-mā, ‘so long as’: the mā is a conditional particle). Truly God loves the God-fearing: the Prophet (s) had kept to the pact made with them until they broke it by supporting the Banū Bakr against Khuzā‘a.
القرآن:٩:٧

كَيْفَ يَكُونُ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ عَهْدٌ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ وَعِنْدَ رَسُولِهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ عَاهَدْتُمْ عِنْدَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ ۖ فَمَا اسْتَقَامُوا لَكُمْ فَاسْتَقِيمُوا لَهُمْ ۚ إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ الْمُتَّقِينَ  

{كيف} أي لا {يكون للمشركين عهد عند الله وعند رسوله} وهم كافرون بالله ورسوله غادرون {إلا الذين عاهدتم عند المسجد الحرام} يوم الحديبية وهم قريش المستثنون من قبل {فما استقاموا لكم} أقاموا على العهد ولم ينقضوه {فاستقيموا لهم} على الوفاء به وما شرطية {إن الله يحب المتقين} وقد استقام النبي ﷺ على عهدهم حتى نقضوا بإعانة بني بكر على خزاعة.
quran:9:8

How ˹can there be a treaty˺ while, if they gain dominance over you, they do not observe concerning you any pact of kinship or covenant of protection? They satisfy you with their mouths, but their hearts refuse ˹compliance˺, and most of them are defiantly disobedient.  

How, can they have a pact, when, if they get the better of you, ˹if˺ they have the upper hand over you, they do not respect, ˹they do not˺ take into consideration, any bond, kinship, or treaty, pact, with regard to you, but will instead harm you as much as they can (the conditional sentence ˹‘if they …’˺ is ˹also˺ a circumstantial qualifier), pleasing you with their tongues, with charming words, while their hearts refuse, to be true to these ˹words˺; and most of them are wicked, violators of pacts.
القرآن:٩:٨

كَيْفَ وَإِنْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَيْكُمْ لَا يَرْقُبُوا فِيكُمْ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ يُرْضُونَكُمْ بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَتَأْبَىٰ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ فَاسِقُونَ  

{كيف} يكون لهم عهد {وإن يظهروا عليكم} يظفروا بكم {لا يرقبوا} يراعوا {فيكم إلاّ} قرابة {ولا ذمة} عهدا بل يؤذوكم ما استطاعوا وجملة الشرط حال {يرضونكم بأفواههم} بكلامهم الحسن {وتأبى قلوبهم} الوفاء به {وأكثرهم فاسقون} ناقضون للعهد.
quran:9:9

They have exchanged the signs of Allah for a small price and averted ˹people˺ from His way. Indeed, it was evil that they were doing.  

They have purchased with the signs of God, the Qur’ān, a small price, of this world, that is, they have refrained from following them in favour of passions and whims, and have barred ˹people˺ from His way, His religion. Truly evil is that, deed of theirs, which they are wont to do.
القرآن:٩:٩

اشْتَرَوْا بِآيَاتِ اللَّهِ ثَمَنًا قَلِيلًا فَصَدُّوا عَنْ سَبِيلِهِ ۚ إِنَّهُمْ سَاءَ مَا كَانُوا يَعْمَلُونَ  

{اشترَوا بآيات الله} القرآن {ثمنا قليلا} من الدنيا أي تركوا اتباعها للشهوات والهوى {فصدُّوا عن سبيله} دينه {إنهم ساء} بئس {ما كانوا يعملونـ} ـه عملهم هذا.
quran:9:10

They do not observe toward a believer any pact of kinship or covenant of protection. And it is they who are the transgressors.  

They respect neither bond ˹of kinship˺ nor treaty with regard to a believer; those, they are the transgressors.
القرآن:٩:١٠

لَا يَرْقُبُونَ فِي مُؤْمِنٍ إِلًّا وَلَا ذِمَّةً ۚ وَأُولَٰئِكَ هُمُ الْمُعْتَدُونَ  

{لا يرقُبون في مؤمن إلاّ ولا ذمَّة وأولئك هم المعتدون}.
quran:9:11

But if they repent, establish prayer, and give zakah, then they are your brothers in religion; and We detail the verses for a people who know.  

Yet if they repent and establish prayer and pay the alms, then they are your brothers in religion; and We detail, We explain, the signs for a people who know, ˹who˺ reflect.
القرآن:٩:١١

فَإِنْ تَابُوا وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَوُا الزَّكَاةَ فَإِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ ۗ وَنُفَصِّلُ الْآيَاتِ لِقَوْمٍ يَعْلَمُونَ  

{فإن تابوا وأقاموا الصلاة وآتوا الزكاة فإخوانكم} أي فهم إخوانكم {في الدين ونفصِّل} نبين {الآيات لقوم يعلمون} يتدبرون.